Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
  • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
  • B29D30/08—Building tyres
  • B29D30/10—Building tyres on round cores, i.e. the shape of the core is approximately identical with the shape of the completed tyre
  • B29D30/16—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application
  • B29D30/1635—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application by feeding a continuous band and moving it back and forth (zig-zag) to form an annular element
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
  • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
  • B29D30/08—Building tyres
  • B29D30/10—Building tyres on round cores, i.e. the shape of the core is approximately identical with the shape of the completed tyre
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
  • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
  • B29D30/08—Building tyres
  • B29D30/10—Building tyres on round cores, i.e. the shape of the core is approximately identical with the shape of the completed tyre
  • B29D30/16—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application
  • B29D2030/1664—Details, accessories or auxiliary operations not provided for in the other subgroups of B29D30/00
  • B29D2030/1678—Details, accessories or auxiliary operations not provided for in the other subgroups of B29D30/00 the layers being applied being substantially continuous, i.e. not being cut before the application step
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
  • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
  • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
  • Y10T152/10855—Characterized by the carcass, carcass material, or physical arrangement of the carcass materials

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of laying tire reinforcing wires or filaments. More particularly, it relates to the arrangement and configuration of the reinforcement structure in the sidewalls, in the beads and in the region of the top of the tire; it also relates to the anchoring of the carcass wires in the bead and the reinforcements of different portions of the bead or of the sidewall.
• Reinforcement of tires is currently constituted by one or more plies designated “ conventionally” carcass plies "," top plies ", etc. This way of designating reinforcements comes from the manufacturing process, consisting in producing a series of products semi-finished in the form of plies, provided with often longitudinal wire reinforcements, which are then assembled in order to make a tire.
• the sheets are made flat, with large dimensions, and are then cut according to the dimensions of a given product.
• the plies are also assembled, initially, substantially flat.
• the blank thus produced is then shaped to adopt the toroidal profile typical of tires.
• the semi-finished products called “finishing” are then applied to the blank, to obtain a product ready for vulcanization.
• the tires described in this document do not have the traditional reversal of the carcass ply around a bead wire.
• This type of anchoring is replaced by an arrangement in which circumferential filaments are placed adjacent to said fiancé reinforcement structure, the whole being embedded in a rubber mixture of anchoring or binding.
• the conventional terms such as “tablecloths”, “rods”, etc.
• the term “carcass-type reinforcement” or “sidewall reinforcement” is valid for designating the reinforcing threads of a carcass ply in the conventional process, and the corresponding threads, generally applied at the flanks, of a tire produced using a semi-finished process.
• anchoring zone for its part, can denote the traditional inversion of the carcass ply around a rod of a conventional process, as well as the assembly formed by the circumferential filaments, the rubber mixture and the adjacent portions. for reinforcing the flank of a low zone produced with a method with application to a toroidal core.
• Reinforcement of the tire carcass is currently constituted by one or more plies, most often radial, turned around around one or more rods arranged in the beads.
• the beads constitute the means for fixing the tire on the rim.
• the rigidity of the bead thus formed is very great. .
• the tire may for example be subjected to heavy loads or be subjected to violent shocks, etc.
• certain characteristics such as rigidity, resistance to impacts, etc.
• the invention provides a method of laying carcass-type reinforcing structure cords on a tire, consisting of placing at least two filaments on a tire blank so that at at least a first and a second filament form on the one hand at the level of the crown and the sidewalls, a series of transverse portions extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire, in which a single laying head is used allowing la- substantially simultaneous laying of said at least first and second filaments.
• said head is preferably disposed relative to the blank of the tire so that the filaments form at least one portion of travel which is substantially parallel with respect to each other.
• the laying of multiple threads with a single head is particularly advantageous in preventing the threads from being too close to each other, or even touching on certain portions of the route. .
• the laying is also more easily regular than if the filaments are laid separately.
• the substantially parallel sections of the route are advantageously applied substantially between the top and the beads.
• the substantially parallel course sections are advantageously applied in the sidewall, substantially radially outside the anchoring zone, and preferably substantially radially outside the equator of each sidewall.
• U-shaped connections advantageously join together two successive transverse portions of the first filament, and two successive transverse portions of the second filament.
• Said laying head preferably provides at least two distributors of filaments arranged upstream and preferably in close proximity to one another.
• a preformed central core is used, like the profile of a tire, to successively assemble the different ones. constituent elements of the tire.
• the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing tires comprising at least one carcass-type reinforcement structure anchored on each side of the tire in a bead whose base is intended to be mounted on a rim seat, a frame of apex, each bead extending radially outward by a flank, the flanks radiating outwardly joining a tread, the reinforcing structure comprising: a first filament forming on the one hand at the apex and flanks a series of transverse portions extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire, and on the other hand, at the bead level, U-shaped connectors joining two successive transverse portions of the first filament,, -a second filament forming on the one hand at the level of the crown and the sidewalls a series of transverse portions extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire, and on the other hand,
• Such an arrangement comprising substantially parallel groups of filaments makes it possible to produce a multifilament configuration very economically.
• the groups of wires can be applied substantially simultaneously, for example by means of a single laying head.
• it is possible to divide by two or even by three or more the time of laying carcass-type reinforcing filaments, in particular if the production is carried out on a preformed central core like a tire.
• the arrangement in substantially parallel groups makes it possible to arrange the filaments very close to one another, helping to increase the density of the threads. This plays a favorable role for a good number of mechanical properties. So for example, it can increase the modulus, the breaking strength, etc.
• the portions of substantially parallel paths represent at least substantially 25% of the total path of the filaments between the apex and the anchoring zone and preferably between substantially 30% and 80% of the total path of the filaments between the apex and the anchoring area.
• the portions of substantially parallel paths are provided in the sidewall, substantially radially outside the anchoring zone, and preferably radially outside the area corresponding substantially to the equator of said flank. It is structurally from the equator while going towards the top that the pose in the form of parallel groups is easiest and precise.
• the equator considered is that corresponding to the equator of the core on which the various constituent elements of the tire are assembled.
• the tire comprises a third filament forming on the one hand at the level of the crown and the sidewalls, a series of transverse portions extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire, and on the other hand , at the level of the beads, U-shaped connections joining two successive transverse portions of the third filament, the respective paths of the first, second and third filaments being arranged so that, between the top and the bead, a group of filaments formed by first, second and third neighboring (or successive) filaments form at least a portion of substantially parallel paths.
• the laying density can also be increased, by substantially similar paths and close to the wires of the same group.
• At least one arrangement of wires along a substantially circumferential path is preferably disposed substantially adjacent to said reinforcing structure at the level of the bead.
• the portions of substantially parallel paths follow substantially geodesic trajectories, radial or non-radial.
• the "outward" and “return” sections of at least two separate groups intersect so as to form a mesh of wires.
• the portions of substantially parallel paths are arranged so as to form, on a given side of the tire, a trajectory in the form of a circumferentially offset return trip.
• Said trajectory is advantageously in the form of a V or a U.
• One of the outward or return portions travels along the other outward or return portion of a series of juxtaposed filaments, crossing filaments.
• the result of such a configuration is a braiding of filaments, crossing at more or less open angles according to the radial position and / or according to the respective inclination of each of the filaments.
• the tire can then comprise a single ply.
• the method according to the invention is also well suited for the production of tires comprising at least one carcass-type reinforcement structure anchored on each side of the tire in a bead whose base is intended to be mounted on a rim seat, a frame at the top, each bead extending radially outward by a sidewall, the flanks joining radially outwardly a tread, the reinforcing structure comprising: a first filament forming on the one hand at the top and sidewalls a series of transverse portions extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire, and on the other hand, at the beads, U-shaped connectors joining two successive transverse portions of the first filament, a second filament forming at the level of the crown and the sidewalls a series of transverse portions extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire, comprising ex free hoppers being
• a bead comprises a rod around which a portion of the wires is wound. This provides effective and secure anchoring or maintenance of the reinforcing structure in the bead.
• This - - anchoring mode corresponds to a traditional rod, widely used in. the tire industry.
• Textile type yarns are preferably used to facilitate the formation of the loops.
• the tire according to the invention can be produced by means of a process for manufacturing a tire in which the various constituent elements are in turn placed directly on a core by example substantially rigid or inflatable whose profile corresponds substantially to that of the final product.
• the present method is also well suited for the production of a tire comprising at least one carcass-type reinforcement structure anchored on each side of the tire in a bead whose base is intended to be mounted on a rim seat, a frame of apex, each bead extending radially outward by a flank, the flanks radiating outwardly joining a tread, the reinforcing structure comprising: a first filament forming on the one hand at the apex and flanks , a series of transverse portions extending.
• Such an arrangement is optimal for the lower portion of the flank. There is a minimum area of excess thickness, no risk, contact between the wires, etc.
• the zone of substantially parallel routing of the filaments is advantageously extended from the flank to the turning loop itself.
• the respective paths of the first and second filaments are arranged so that, between the top and the bead, a group of filaments formed by first and second neighboring filaments form at least one portion of substantially parallel paths.
• Such an arrangement comprising substantially parallel groups of filaments makes it possible to produce a multifilament configuration very economically.
• the groups of wires can be applied substantially simultaneously, for example by means of a single laying head.
• it is possible to divide by two or even by three or more the time of laying carcass-type reinforcing filaments, in particular if the manufacture is carried out on a preformed central core like a tire.
• the arrangement in substantially parallel groups makes it possible to arrange the filaments very close to one another, helping to increase the density of the threads. This plays a favorable role for a good number of mechanical properties. So for example, it can increase the modulus, the breaking strength, etc.
• the course portions substantially. parallels represent at least substantially 25%. of the total path of the filaments between the apex and the anchoring zone and preferably between substantially 30% and 80% of the total path of the filaments between the apex and the anchoring zone.
• the exposure time is reduced, thereby reducing the cost price.
• the portions of substantially parallel paths are provided in the sidewall, substantially radially outside the anchoring zone, and preferably radially outside the area corresponding substantially to the equator of said flank. It is structurally from the equator while going towards the top that the pose in the form of parallel groups is easiest and precise.
• the equator considered is that corresponding to the equator of the core on which the various constituent elements of the tire are assembled.
• the tire comprises a third filament forming on the one hand at the level of the crown and the sidewalls, a series of transverse portions extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire, and on the other hand , at the level of the beads, U-shaped connections joining two successive transverse portions of the third filament, the respective paths of the first, second and third filaments preferably being arranged so that, between the top and the bead, a group of filaments formed by first, second and third neighboring (or successive) filaments form at least one portion of substantially parallel paths.
• the laying density can also be increased, by substantially similar paths and close to the wires of the same group.
• At least one arrangement of wires along a substantially circumferential path is preferably disposed substantially adjacent to said reinforcing structure at the level of the bead.
• the portions of substantially parallel paths follow substantially geodesic trajectories.
• the "outward" and “return” sections of at least two separate groups intersect so as to form a mesh of wires.
• the portions of substantially parallel paths are arranged so as to form, on a given side of the tire, a trajectory in the form of a circumference circumferentially offset.
• Said trajectory is advantageously V-shaped or U-shaped.
• One. outward or return portions run along the other outward or return portion of a series of juxtaposed filaments, crossing 'filaments.
• the result of such a configuration is a braiding of filaments, crossing at more or less open angles according to the radial position and / or according to the respective inclination of each of the filaments.
• the tire can then comprise a single ply.
• a bead comprises a rod around which a portion of the wires is wound. This provides an effective and safe anchoring or holding of the reinforcing structure in the bead.
• This anchoring method corresponds to a traditional bead, widely used in the tire industry. Textile type yarns are preferably used to facilitate the formation of the loops.
• the tire according to the invention can be produced by means of a process for manufacturing a tire in which the various constituent elements are alternately placed directly on a core whose profile corresponds substantially to that of the final product and in which the installation of a first reinforcement structure on a first side of a tire and of a second reinforcement structure on a second side of said tire are carried out substantially simultaneously.
• the "term" cord “very generally designates both monofilaments and multifilaments, or assemblies such as cables, yarns or even any type of equivalent assembly, and this, whatever either the material and the treatment of these threads, for example surface treatment or coating or pre-gluing to promote adhesion to the rubber, whether it is a treatment before or after the laying of the threads. ' .
• upward radiation or “higher radiation” means towards the largest rays.
• module of elasticity of a rubber mixture is understood to mean a secant extension module obtained at a uniaxial extension deformation of the order of 10% at ambient temperature.
• a carcass-type reinforcing or reinforcing structure will be said to be radial when its wires are arranged at 90 °, but also, according to the terminology in use, at an angle close to 90 °. It is known that in the current technique, the carcass ply (s) are turned around around a rod. The rod then fulfills a carcass anchoring function, ie takes up the tension developing in the carcass wires under the effect of the inflation pressure. In the configurations described in the present application, not using a rod of the traditional type, the anchoring function of the carcass-type reinforcement structure is also ensured.
• the same rod also provides a function of tightening the bead on its rim.
• the tightening function is also ensured, in particular by the windings of circumferential wires closest to the seat.
• the invention can be used by adding other elements to the bead or to the lower zone of the tire in general, as certain variants will illustrate. Similarly, the invention can be used by multiplying the reinforcing structures of the same nature, or even by adding another type of reinforcing structure.
• Figures 1 to 1d illustrate a first example of a method for the manufacture of tires such as those described in Figures 3 and following, with there laying substantially simultaneous at least two son;
• FIGS. 2a to 2c illustrate an example of a second method allowing the manufacture of tires such as those described in FIGS. 15 and • following, with the laying of at least two wires substantially simultaneously;
• FIG. 2d illustrates an example of a second method allowing the manufacture of tires such as those described in FIGS. 15 et seq., with the substantially simultaneous laying of at least two son, but with different laying means from those illustrated in Figures 2a to 2c;
• FIGS. 3a and 3b are radial sections essentially showing the sidewalls, the beads and the crown of a first and a second embodiment of a tire according to the method of the invention
• FIG. 4 is a schematic representation seen from above of a portion of the reinforcing structure of an example of a tire capable of being produced according to the method of the invention, the two sidewalls being laid flat on each side from the summit region;
• FIG. 5 is a schematic representation seen from above of a portion of the reinforcing structure of another example of a tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, the two sidewalls being laid flat on each side of the summit region;
• FIG. 6 is a schematic representation seen from above of a portion of the reinforcing structure of another example of a tire capable of being produced according to the method of the invention, the two sidewalls being laid flat on each side of the summit region;
• Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the left portion of Figure 6;
• Figure .8 is a schematic representation seen from above of a portion of the reinforcement structure of a tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, the two sidewalls being laid flat on each side. from the summit region;
• FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the left portion of Figure 8;
• FIG. 10 is a side view of a portion of an unfinished tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, in which groups comprising three cords are arranged along paths of the bias type;
• FIG. 11 is a side view of a portion of an unfinished tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, in which groups comprising three cords are arranged along paths of bias-symmetrical type, in which the “outward” sections are symmetrical and inverted with respect to the “return” sections, the multiplication of groups thereby resulting in an arrangement in the form of braiding or mesh of wires;
• FIG. 12 illustrates a side view of a portion of an unfinished tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, in which groups are arranged along paths of the geodesic type; .
• Figures 13a, 13b and 13c illustrate meridian profiles of a variant comprising a traditional rod, for example consisting of a metal or composite cable;
• FIGS. 14a, 14b and 14c illustrate, by means of perspective views of a section of a portion of a tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, examples of paths of a reinforcing structure in a group in relation to a ci.rconférentiel anchorage structure;
• FIG. 15 is a schematic representation seen from above of a portion of the reinforcing structure of an example of a tire capable of being produced according to the method of the invention, the two sidewalls being laid flat on each side from the summit region;
• FIG. 16 is a schematic representation seen from above of a portion of the reinforcing structure of another example of tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, the two flanks being laid flat on each side of the region of the apex;
• FIG. 17 is a schematic representation seen from above of a portion of the reinforcing structure of another example of a tire capable of being produced according to the method of the invention, the two sidewalls being laid flat on each side of the summit region;
• Figure 18 is an enlarged view of the left portion of Figure 6;
• FIG. 19 is a side view of a portion of an unfinished tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, in which groups comprising three cords are arranged along paths of bias type;
• FIG. 20 is a side view of a portion of an unfinished tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, in which groups comprising three cords are arranged along paths of bias- type. symmetrical, in which the “wing” sections are symmetrical and inverted with respect to the “return” sections, the multiplication of groups thereby resulting in an arrangement in the form of braiding or mesh of wires;
• FIG. 21 illustrates a side view of a portion of an unfinished tire capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention, in which groups are arranged along paths of the geodesic type;
• FIGS. 22a, 22b and 22c illustrate, by means of perspective views of a section of a portion of a tire capable of being produced according to the method of the invention, examples of paths of a reinforcing structure in a group in relation to a circumferential anchoring structure;
• FIGS. 1a to 1d illustrate an example of a method allowing the manufacture of tires such as those described in the following figures (in particular FIGS. 3 to 14), with the substantially simultaneous laying of at least two wires 50.
• the use of this method facilitates obtaining portions of substantially parallel paths.
• Storage or supply means allow the routing of two, three (or even more) wires capable of being applied to a first layer of rubber mixture formed substantially in the image of the profile of the finished product. Before application, the wires are placed in close proximity to each other at distances corresponding substantially to the distance provided between the wires of the same group. For the application of the wires against the mixture, the laying means moves in space, for example from one bead to the other, along the route that the wires to be laid must make in the tire.
• a group of wires is guided by a laying means for application along a predefined route.
• the laying can be carried out either by guiding the group to a substantially infinitesimal distance from the product intended to receive the wires, or by compaction or by application of a laying force by means of an appropriate tool until it comes into contact with the rubber compound previously applied.
• This mixture is preferably sticky, thus allowing the group of wires to be retained or held in place as soon as slight contact is made between the wires and the rubber mixture.
• the group is therefore guided from one bead to the other of the tire, traveling on the sidewalls and the crown.
• the group of wires is guided so as to move circumferentially or angularly, to allow the group of wires to travel on the profile. following a route substantially close to the “outward” portion. to form a "return” section, extending to the opposite bead.
• FIG. 1a to 1d schematically illustrate a mechanism for laying groups of wires as described above.
• 60 son reserves allow to supply the installation mechanism.
• the latter comprises a series of guide means 53, 54 (preferably as many means as there are wires to be laid), preferably movable from one side to the other of the tire, actuated by a control means 50, 51, 52
• the control means comprises a motor 50 and transport members 51 and 52, such as for example a slide movable on a rail, making it possible to move the guide means 53, 54 of the wires in space. 5 grouped for example by two or by three (as illustrated).
• FIG. 13 illustrates an example of movement of the guide means on one side of the tire.
• the guide means take the wires down; a relative angular displacement between the guides 54 and the tire during assembly makes it possible to move the wires in translation to form the fittings 11. To do this, either the tire undergoes a rotation of a few degrees, or the guide 54 moves the along the bottom area, a combination of the two. According to an " advantageous variant, as illustrated, a support member 55 exerts a slight pressure against the base of the wires before
• Figure 1b shows the evolution of the route a few moments later, when a connection has been made, that the guide 54 goes up along the sidewall to carry out the laying of another section, circumferentially spaced from the previous one.
• FIG. 1c illustrates the same tire while the slider arrives from the opposite side; the guide 54 drives the threads into the shoulder region. Laying along the
• FIG. 1d illustrates the return of the slide 51 and of the guide means in order to produce a new “go” section.
• the distances between the wires before laying is variable or adjustable, so as to allow the wires to be laid with more or less large inter-wire spaces according to the types of products, or even with variable spaces on the same product. , for example depending on the position on the profile.
• FIGS. 2a to 2c illustrate another example of a method allowing the manufacture of tires such as those described in the following figures (in particular 15 to 22), with the laying of at least two wires 50 substantially simultaneously.
• Storage or supply means allow the routing of two, three (or even more) wires capable of being applied to a first layer of rubber mixture formed substantially in the image of the profile of the finished product. Before application, the wires are placed in close proximity to each other at distances corresponding substantially to the distance provided between the wires of the same group. For the application of the threads against the mixture, the laying means moves in space, for example from one bead to the other, along the path that the threads to lay have to make in the tire.
• a group of wires is guided by a laying means for application along a predefined route.
• Laying can be - performed either by guide 'group to a substantially infinitesimal distance of the product intended to receive the son, either by compaction or by applying a setting force to moye ⁇ a suitable tool until come into contact with the rubber mixture previously applied.
• This mixture is preferably sticky, thus allowing the group of wires to be retained or held in place as soon as slight contact is made between the wires and the rubber mixture.
• the group is therefore guided from one bead to the other of the tire, on the sidewalls and the top.
• the group of wires is guided so as to move circumferentially or angularly, to allow the group of wires to walk on the profile along a route substantially close to the “outward” portion to form a “return” section, extending to the opposite bead.
• FIGS. 2a to 2c schematically illustrate a mechanism 5 allowing the laying of groups of wires as described above.
• Reserves 60 of wires make it possible to supply the laying mechanism.
• the latter comprises a series of guide means 53, 54 (preferably as many means as there are wires to be laid), preferably movable from one side to the other of the tire, actuated by a control means 50, 51, 52.
• the control means comprises a first drive means 50 and transport members 51 and 52, such as for example a slide movable on a rail, making it possible to move the guide means in space.
• 53, 54 son 5 grouped for example by two or three (as illustrated).
• FIG. 2a illustrates an example of movement of the guide means on one side of the tire.
• the guiding as close as possible to the profile up to the level of the bead allows an advantageously precise and regular installation to be carried out.
• the guide means take the wires down; a relative angular displacement between the guides 54 and the tire during assembly
• the guide means 54 are advantageously driven in rotation on themselves, so as to form the fittings 11, for example using a second drive means 56.
• a support member 55 exerts a slight pressure
• FIG. 2b shows the evolution of the course a few moments later, when a connection has been made, that the guide 54 rises along the side to carry out the laying of another section, circumferentially spaced from the previous one.
• FIG. 2c illustrates the same tire while the slider arrives from the opposite side; the guide 54 drives the threads into the shoulder region.
• the laying along the opposite flank and the production of the corresponding fittings is carried out in a similar manner to that previously described for the first flank.
• the distances between the wires before laying is variable or adjustable, so as to allow the wires to be laid with more or less large inter-wire spaces according to the types of products, or even with variable spaces on the same product. , for example depending on the position on the profile.
• FIG. 2d illustrates an advantageous variant in which the guide means 54 are arranged on an arm or multi-axis robot capable of moving said means 54 along the path of the filaments 5.
• the outward sections 14, return 15, and the fittings 11 are arranged and produced in a similar manner to that which has been presented for FIGS. 2a to 2c. • • - -.
• Figures 3a, 3b and 4 illustrate a first embodiment of a tire 1 capable of being manufactured according to the method of the invention.
• the major components s' are clearly visible in Figures 3a and 3b show a section showing the tire profile 1.
• Exam latter includes sidewalls 3, on each side, surmounted by a crown 2, joining the two radially upper portions of the sides 3.
• beads 4 provided for mounting on a rim of suitable shape and dimensions.
• a laminated composite bead is preferably produced inside the bead 4, between the wire alignments of the reinforcing structure, there are wires 80 oriented circumferentially. These are arranged in a stack 81 as in the figures, or in several adjacent stacks, or in bundles, or in any suitable arrangement, depending on the type of tire and / or the characteristics sought. '
• the radially internal end portions of the reinforcing structure 5 cooperate with the beads. An anchoring of these portions is thus created in said beads so as to ensure the integrity of the tire. In order to promote this anchoring, the space between the circumferential wires and the reinforcement structure is occupied by a rubber bonding mixture.
• the modulus of elasticity of such a mixture can reach or even exceed 15 to 25 Mpa and even in certain cases reach, even exceed 40 Mpa.
• This high modulated mixture is advantageously arranged so as to be in direct contact with the adjacent portions of the reinforcement structure 5.
• a carcass ply (wire impregnated in a layer of rubber mixture) is applied. This therefore results in a thin intermediate layer of lower modulus mixture which is located between the high modulus mixture and the portion of the reinforcing structure.
• direct contact therefore without the presence of this thin layer of lower modulus mixture, the impact of the presence of the high modulus mixture in the area is amplified.
• the traditional thin layer with a lower modulus generates energy losses, which can cause deterioration of the mechanical properties.
• a battery 81 may advantageously consist of a single wire wound (substantially at zero degrees) in a spiral over several turns, - preferably from the smallest diameter to the largest diameter.
• a stack can also be made up of several concentric wires placed one inside the other, so that rings of progressively increasing diameter are superimposed. It is not necessary to add a rubber mixture to ensure the impregnation of the reinforcing wire, or circumferential windings of wire.
• the first and second filaments are arranged circumferentially in a similar manner, but in slightly offset circumferential positions, so as not to overlap over significant lengths.
• the filaments advantageously form groups 10 of filaments.
• these are groups of two filaments.
• a first section 14 "go" allows the group to extend from the top 2 to one - sides 3.
• the two filaments of the group. are turned over to form fittings. 11.
• These connections of several filaments generate crosses 12 of filaments.
• the group continues its trajectory towards the summit by forming a second section 15 "return".
• the groups each comprise at least one portion of route 16 substantially parallel; in which both neighboring filaments of the same group travel along substantially parallel trajectories.
• FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which the portions of substantially parallel travel 16 are substantially comprised between the middle portion 13 of the apex, along the line A-A, and the region of the shoulder 6, along the line B-B.
• FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which the portions of substantially parallel paths 16 are substantially comprised between the middle portion 13 of the vertex, along the line A-A, and the region of the equator, along the line C-C.
• the circumferential distance separating two neighboring filaments or from the same group 10 is less than the distance between two neighboring filaments each belonging to two distinct groups.
• the circumferential spacing between two groups of neighboring wires varies substantially regularly between the lower zone and the region of the apex of the pneumatic. Most often, due to the lower radius in the lower region of the tire, the filaments are closer to one another there. As you approach the top, the radius becomes larger and the filaments then have more circumferential space between them.
• Figures 4 to 9 illustrate this context well since these are projections in the plane of arrangements, which are intended to occupy a spatial position such that the region of the apex is on a first radius R and the zone of the bead 4 is positioned on another radius r smaller than the first radius R ..
• the substantially toric shape of a tire makes this type of radius variation inevitable. It is therefore in practice unthinkable to have a constant inter-wire distance between R and r.
• the present invention goes against this teaching - since the distance between two wires is preserved over a given portion by forming groups. On the other hand, the distance between the wires of two neighboring groups varies appreciably between the radial positions R and r so as to compensate for the parallel portions of the groups.
• a tire can include wire arrangements having wire paths whose regularity is not as absolute as that illustrated in the figures.
• Figure 6 shows a. another example of embodiment in which the circumferential distance separating two neighboring filaments or from the same group is greater than the distance between two neighboring filaments each belonging to two neighboring groups.
• Figure 7 illustrates an arrangement similar to that of Figure 6, but in a partial enlarged view:
• Figures 8 and 9 illustrate another embodiment in which one of the son of a group (in the case of a group of two son) has a free end 17 disposed in the region of the bead.
• Figure 8 shows the flow 'from one bead to the other while Figure 9 illustrates an enlarged portion of the path on one side of the tire.
• the free end 17 extends substantially radially internally beyond the connection 11 of the neighboring wire.
• only one of the wires of a group of two comprises a connector 11 joining a forward portion 14 of a wire to the return portion 15 of this same wire.
• the free end 17 takes other non-radial shapes, for example comprising curved portions.
• the radial position of the end can also vary, for example to be located radially on the outside relative to • the fitting 11.
• the free end is produced for example by cutting one of the group's wires during installation, or by replacing the continuous wire with a series of wires the length of which corresponds substantially to the path from one bead to the other of the tire.
• Figures -10 to 12 illustrate various exemplary embodiments in which groups of wires are arranged along different “bias” type paths.
• FIG. 10 presents a side view of a variant in which each group 10 comprises three wires 5 following paths of the “bias” type (not radial).
• the substantially parallel path portions 16 can extend substantially from one bead to another.
• the dimension compensation for passing from the lower radius r to the outer radius R is effected by means of an increasing inter-group deviation from the bead towards the top.
• the number of wires per group can be different, for example two wires, four wires or more.
• Figure 11 illustrates one. another type of “bias” type configuration, in which the groups 10, after a first “go” section 14 from the vertex 2 towards a first bead 4 along iin angle 0 given with respect to a substantially radial straight line, form a reversal or connection 11 to return to the summit.
• the groups 10 after a first “go” section 14 from the vertex 2 towards a first bead 4 along iin angle 0 given with respect to a substantially radial straight line, form a reversal or connection 11 to return to the summit.
• the “return” section 15 forms an inverse angle (-0) with respect to the “go” section.
• the angle 0 can vary for example between 5 and 45 degrees, depending on the case.
• the left portion of FIG. 11 clearly illustrates an example of the route of a group 10 isolated from the others to facilitate understanding.
• the right portion of the same figure illustrates the arrangement resulting when the groups 10 constituting the reinforcement structure are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.
• the sections . "Return” form a weaving or grid pattern by ironing, par. above or below the “go” sections. Such weaving or mesh .provides particularly advantageous mechanical properties. For example ;
• the cables are closer to each other (slightly more stiffness, less compression of the inner ply (or wires) (towards the core) during the bending given by rolling).
• FIG. 12a illustrates another variant configuration of the “bias” type in which groups of two wires 5 follow substantially geodesic paths.
• the fittings 11 occupy either similar radial positions, or else slightly offset. Depending on the installation process used, this latter configuration may possibly have some advantages. Thus, for example, if the two wires of the group " are laid simultaneously, it is possible to bypass a single fixing point situated substantially between the two connections 11.
• the groups of wires 5 comprise portions of substantially parallel paths 16 extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire. According to various variants not illustrated, these portions 16 can be limited, for example from one equator to another, or from any point on a first flank to a point symmetrical with the other flank.
• Figures 13a, 13b and 13c illustrate meridian profiles of a variant comprising a traditional rod 20, for example made of a cable. metallic or composite.
• the wire 5 can be seen traveling along a central core against which the various constituent elements of the tire are applied successively. The wire travels from one bead 4 to the other and extends radially internally with respect to the rod 20.
• the arrangements of the wires 5 in group 10, according to “go” 14 and “return” portions 15 forming connections 11 and crosses 12 at the beads can be, at this manufacturing stage, comparable or similar to those presented in the figures. 3 to 13.
• the connections and crossings 11 and 12 can be located radially inside the rod 20.
• the inverted portion 22 advantageously comprises the connections and crossings 11 5 and 12.
• the remaining elements constituting the tire are then applied so as to form a tire 1 according to the invention and the central core can be removed, preferably after vulcanization.
• FIG. 14a illustrates a perspective view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5.
• FIG. 14a shows a portion of a top layer or ply 40, extending circumferentially over a portion of the . apex 2 of the tire.
• Such a tablecloth comprises
• a tread 42 and a sidewall protection layer 41 complete the product. According to various variants, one can
• tablecloth (s) - top can also be laid before the carcass wires (or radially internally), or according to a whole panoply of "sandwiches" with the carcass tablecloths and apex tablecloths interspersed or nested.
• Figures 14b and 14c illustrate variants of Figure 14a in which examples of anchors of the reinforcing structure in the beads are illustrated.
• the anchoring zone 43 is applied against the base of the wires 5, preferably leaving a layer of rubber mixture between the wires 5 and the wire or wires of the anchoring zone.
• the anchoring zone is preferably as previously described.
• a sandwich arrangement, as in FIG. 3a, with piles on each side of the reinforcement structure can also be provided.
• the variant of FIG. 14c comprises a zone 44 nested between the bases of the reinforcement structure.
• the lower portion or internal radiation of a section alternately comprises a first set of fittings 11 and crosses 12 disposed axially externally with respect to the zone 44 and another set of fittings 11 and crossings 12 disposed axially internally by. compared to zone 44.
• This axial separation makes it possible to place a larger number of wires even when the radius is small.
• Mechanical properties such as rigidity can also be optimized.
• the “outward” 14 and “return” portions 15 of a group of wires 15 are advantageously spaced apart and separated by at least one “outward” and / or “return” portion of another group of sons,
• FIGS. 15 to 22 illustrate other examples of tires advantageously achievable by means of the method according to the invention.
• the basic elements are similar and placed similarly to what was mentioned previously for the examples of FIGS. 3 to 14.
• the arrangement of the filaments differs somewhat in the portion, of the lower zone of the tire.
• first and second carcass-type reinforcing filaments 5 are arranged along the pneumatic circumference so as to form a partially toric or inverted U-shaped reinforcing structure when observed selo ⁇ a tire section as. in Figure 1a. So each of the. filaments extend transversely from one side to the other of the tire. In the various examples of Figures 15 to 22, this path extends from one bead to another.
• the circumferential displacement of the filament between the threads of two adjacent groups is preferably provided in the radially innermost portion of the path; the filament is then turned over substantially 180 ° so as to go up on the flank 3, cross the region of the apex 2, then extend radially inwards along the opposite flank, to a radial position substantially symmetrical to that from the first flank.
• the filament is then turned over substantially 180 ° to re-prime a new one. run from side to side in a similar fashion.
• the turns form fittings 11, advantageously in the shape of a U, but possibly at a more acute angle or even in a less regular shape.
• the first and second filaments are arranged circumferentially in a similar manner, but in slightly offset circumferential positions, so as not to overlap over significant lengths.
• the filaments advantageously form groups 10 of filaments. In the example in FIG. 15, these are groups of two filaments.
• a first “go” section 14 allows the group to extend from the apex 2 to one of the flanks 3.
• the two filaments of the group are turned over to form fittings 11.
• a first fitting is placed radially internally, then a second fitting is placed radially externally.
• connections are positioned successively from a first external radiant connection, towards a second, then a third, etc., always more towards an internal radiation position.
• a kind of multi-fitting arrangement is thus formed, with an external fitting inside which one or more internal fittings are located, all arranged one inside the other.
• the group of wires continues its trajectory towards the summit by forming a second “return” section 15.
• the succession or alternation of fittings from one bead to another is such that a first fitting formed on a first inner filament in a first bead is disposed radially outside in the second bead, for a circumferential position substantially close to the first fitting . This is well illustrated in Figures 15 to 22.
• the groups each comprise at least one portion of substantially parallel paths 16, in which the two neighboring filaments of the same group travel along substantially parallel trajectories.
• FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which the portions of substantially parallel travel 16 are substantially comprised between the middle portion 13 of the apex, along the line-A-A, and the region of the shoulder 6, along the line B-B.
• FIG. 16 illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which the portions of substantially parallel paths 16 are substantially comprised between the middle portion 13 of the vertex, along the line A-A, and the region of the equator, along the line C-C.
• the circumferential distance separating two neighboring filaments or from the same group 10 is less than the distance between two neighboring filaments each belonging to two distinct groups.
• the present invention goes against this teaching since the distance between two wires is preserved over a given portion by forming groups.
• the distance between the wires of two neighboring groups varies appreciably between the radial positions R and r so as to compensate for the parallel portions of the groups.
• a tire may include wire arrangements having wire paths of less regularity than that illustrated in the figures.
• FIG. 17 presents another example of embodiment in which the circumferential distance separating two neighboring filaments or of the same group, is greater than the distance between two neighboring filaments each belonging to two neighboring groups.
• FIG. 18 illustrates an arrangement similar to that of FIG. 17; but according to an enlarged partial view.
• FIGS. 19 to 21 illustrate various exemplary embodiments in which groups of wires are arranged according to different bias type paths.
• FIG. 19 presents a side view of a variant in which each group 10 comprises three wires 5 following paths of bias type (not radial).
• the substantially parallel path portions 16 can extend substantially from one bead to another.
• the dimension compensation for passing from the lower radius r to the outer radius R is effected by means of an increasing inter-group deviation from the bead towards the top.
• the number of wires per group can be different, for example two wires, four wires or more.
• FIG. 20 illustrates another type of bias type configuration, in which the groups 10, after a first “go” section 14 from vertex 2 to a first bead 4 at a given angle 0 relative to a substantially radial straight line, form a reversal or fitting 11 to return to the top.
• the "return” section 15 forms an inverse angle (-0) with respect to the "go” section.
• the angle 0 can vary for example between 5 and 45 ' degrees, depending on the case.
• the left-hand portion of FIG. 20 clearly illustrates an example of the route of a group 10 isolated from the others to facilitate understanding.
• the right portion of the same figure illustrates the arrangement resulting when the groups 10 constituting the reinforcement structure are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction. On this portion, it can be seen that the “return” sections form a weaving or grid pattern by ironing over or below the “outward” sections.
• FIG. 21 illustrates another variant configuration of bias type in which groups of two wires 5 follow substantially geodesic paths.
• the groups of wires 5 comprise portions of substantially parallel paths 16 extending substantially from one bead to the other of the tire. According to various variants not shown, these portions 16 can be limited, for example from one equator to another, or from any point on a first flank to a symmetrical point on the other flank.
• Figure 22a illustrates one . perspective view of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 15.
• a figure . 22a shows a portion of a top layer or tablecloth 40, extending circumferentially over a portion of the top 2 of. pneumatic.
• Such a ply advantageously comprises at least one type of reinforcement, for example of the textile type, arranged in the ply in an arrangement substantially -at 0 ° in the circumferential direction or even with a given angle fixed or variable with respect to this same direction.
• a tread 42 and a sidewall protection layer 41 complete the product.
• Figures 22b and 22c illustrate variants of Figure 22a in which examples of anchors of the reinforcing structure in the beads are illustrated.
• the anchoring zone 43 is applied against the base of the wires 5, preferably leaving a layer of rubber mixture between the wires 5 and the wire or wires of the anchoring zone.
• the anchoring zone is preferably as previously described.
• a sandwich arrangement, as in FIG. 1a, with piles on each side of the reinforcement structure can also be provided.
• FIG. 22c comprises a zone 44 nested between the bases of the reinforcement structure.
• the lower portion or internal radiation of a section alternately comprises a first set of fittings 11 disposed axially externally relative to the area 44 and another set of fittings 11 disposed axially internally relative to the area 44.
• the “outward” 14 and “return” portions 15 of a group of wires 15 are " advantageously spaced apart and separated by at least one" outward "and / or” return "portion d another group of wires.
• successive sets of connectors 11 can also be radially offset, for example by forming groups of two connectors, each group being radially spaced from another, such as illustrated in Figure 22c.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Tyre Moulding (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)

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• 2002
  • 2002-12-23 EP EP02795270A patent/EP1463627A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-12-23 JP JP2003556227A patent/JP2005512865A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-12-23 AU AU2002360081A patent/AU2002360081A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-12-23 WO PCT/EP2002/014721 patent/WO2003055667A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2004
  • 2004-06-28 US US10/880,407 patent/US20050028919A1/en not_active Abandoned

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