EP1457603B1 - Sloping earth structure and fabrication method thereof - Google Patents
Sloping earth structure and fabrication method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1457603B1 EP1457603B1 EP20040101037 EP04101037A EP1457603B1 EP 1457603 B1 EP1457603 B1 EP 1457603B1 EP 20040101037 EP20040101037 EP 20040101037 EP 04101037 A EP04101037 A EP 04101037A EP 1457603 B1 EP1457603 B1 EP 1457603B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spacers
- core zone
- layers
- rigid
- facing elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a Erdböschung, in which a layer-supporting and solidified core area is constructed, which is composed of several layers Guboden, each layer of a substantially horizontal portion, a bottom-up extending portion and a folded-back portion of a flexible armor sheet is enclosed and compacted, and be fixed at a distance from the compressed core region by means of spacers stiff, large-area front element, so that between the front elements and the core area a bottom-to-top continuous space is created, which are filled can.
- the front panels are mesh mats having relatively large mesh apertures, then a rootable thin mesh fabric or a thin nonwoven fabric is applied to the interior of these mesh mats so that the vegetation floor to be filled between the solidified area and the rigid mesh mats will not fall through the apertures in the mesh mats.
- the flexible reinforcing mats are designed as geogrids with a mesh size of 20 mm x 20 mm to 50 mm x 50 mm.
- the thread strands of the geogrid are covered with a polymer protective layer equipped.
- the rod-shaped and over the solidified core area by 20, 30 or 40 cm projecting spacers are inserted during the construction of the core area between the Medbodenlagen. It is difficult to arrange the spacers so that they maintain their position even when compressing the higher Artêtlagen.
- the protruding rod-shaped spacers also cause construction workers a risk of injury.
- the present invention seeks to further develop the method so that the precise attachment of the spacers facilitates and quick installation of a front or visible side of a Erdböschung is possible.
- the spacers have at the core region facing the end of a substantially rectangular angled portion which serves for hooking into a reinforcement track and the load distribution and with which the spacers through openings in the bottom up Sections of the reinforcement track are gripping on reinforcing tracks of the Medbodenlagen attached.
- the reinforcement sheets are made of synthetic fabrics, in particular high-strength polyester fabrics, or, for better meshing with the filling floor, of geogrid panels, and the large-area rigid front panels are steel or plastic mesh mats or reinforced concrete slabs.
- the anchoring of the spacers on the reinforcing tracks of the Medêtlagen has the advantage that the spacers are held reliably. Further, for the production of the spacer less material needed. Furthermore, the spacers and the load-distributing components may be formed so that they are attached only after the production of the compacted core region.
- load-distributing bars are mounted behind orbits during or after production of the consolidated core region in the region of the reinforcing tracks, and after production of the consolidated core region, large-area rigid mesh mats are erected at a distance from this core region are connected by means of spacers, which are provided at both ends with hooks, with the load-distributing rods by one hook of the spacers engages behind a load-distributing rod and the other hook engages around a rod of a rigid grid mat.
- the load-distributing bars can be mounted behind the bottom-to-top section of the rebar when the fill floor layers are built up. However, these load-distributing rods can also be inserted or driven in after the compacted core region is produced behind the reinforcement web of the individual filler base layers.
- the bars distribute the load exerted by the spacer on the vertical threads of a web of fabric or geogrid web forming the reinforcing web.
- the reinforcement tracks are formed by geogrid tracks.
- the at least 20mm x 20mm meshes of the geogrid webs, as well as local extensibility of the geogrid strands, allow the load-distributing bars or the right angle angled portions of the spacers to be placed behind the front sides of the geogrid tracks even after the consolidated core area has been fabricated.
- the reinforcement sheets are formed by dense fabric and the load-distributing rods are inserted in the production of the compacted Grezierlagen, this is to mark on the front of the vertical portion of the reinforcement sheet, and openings for the passage of the spacers must be cut or baked in the reinforcement sheet.
- the Fig. 1 shows a cross section of a Erdbscheschung, which is composed of a natural, existing Erdböschung 3, in front of the layers of a geotextile reinforced, solidified core area 1 was constructed and in front of which an outer skin area 2 is located.
- the solidified core region 1 is composed in this example of five layers 21-25 Medboden 4, which is enclosed per layer on three sides of a flexible reinforcement sheet 5.
- the reinforcing web 5 of each Art Guinealage 21-25 has a substantially horizontal lower Section, a front, running from bottom to top, substantially vertical portion 6 and a folded-back upper portion.
- Each filler bottom layer 21-25 is compacted by means of vibratory rollers or the like before the next higher layer is built up.
- a preferably vertical formwork is applied before filling the bottom 4 per layer. If the floor 4 to be filled has reached its layer thickness, the upper section of the reinforcement track is folded back and the filled floor is compacted.
- the flexible reinforcement track and the formwork of the next following layer are installed so that the embankment receives the desired inclination. This results in steps which are the greater, the smaller the angle of repose with respect to the horizontal.
- the spacers 8 are made of galvanized or non-galvanized steel wire and have an approximately 20 to 70 cm long straight section and in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 . 2 and 5 at both ends U-shaped hooks 12 or 12 '.
- the spacer 8 according to the Fig. 1 . 2 and 5 serves to carry out the method according to claim 1, while the spacers 8 'are intended for carrying out the method according to claim 2.
- spacers 8 have at both ends U-shaped hooks 12 which are formed by bending an initially straight rod by 180 °.
- a hook 12 surrounds the load-distributing rod 15, while the other hook 12 engages around a horizontal bar 16 of the rigid grid mat 7.
- the rigid grid mat 7 may be a Baustahlgewebematte or else be made of plastic. If the grid mat is made of steel wire, then it should be made corrosion resistant, for example by galvanizing or by a plastic coating.
- the out Fig. 2 apparent spacer 8 also has at both ends U-shaped hooks 12 '. These are open at the bottom, so that they are slipped from above the load-distributing rod 15 and a horizontal bar 16 of a grid mat 7 and the grid mat 7 tensile and pressure resistant to the geogrid webs 5 of the solidified core region 1 connect.
- a thin nonwoven layer 9 is arranged, then this can be pierced by the spacers 8,8 'readily. If a rootable tissue is fastened to the rigid grid mat 7, then holes can be cut in at the required locations to attach the spacers 8, 8 '.
- the attachment of the rigid grid mat 7 to the spacers 8 can be done in a known manner.
- a fast and easy connection lets can be achieved in that the spacers are provided with hooks which engage over bars 16 of a grid mat 7 or on the back loops or straps of a concrete slab. If the hooks 12 'of the spacers 8 and 8''are U-shaped and open at the bottom or horizontal, then these tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted, provided the spacing of the front elements 7 from the front of the core region 1 is secured by other measures, for example by spacer blocks is, the hooks 12 of the spacers can be vertically open.
- the rigid large-scale front elements 7 are formed by reinforced concrete slabs or concrete slabs, which have on their back strap 17 or loops, which are connected to the reinforcement of the concrete slab and in which the spacers 8 are hooked.
- FIG. 7 to 9 show differently shaped spacers 8 ", 8 '" and 8 "".
- the spacer 8 "after Fig. 7 is convenient and easily hooked when the front panels 7 are formed by large mesh lattice mats.
- the hook 12 ' may be formed so that it engages on the horizontal bars 16 of a grid mat when hooking.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 can transmit tensile and compressive forces.
- Fig. 8 and 9 show that not only made of round steel but also of flat steel.
- the spacer 8 "" can only absorb tensile forces because of the inwardly open hooks. These spacers 8 "" are expedient if the front elements 7 are already held by spacer blocks at a distance from the front sides of the Grezierlagen.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Erdböschung, bei dem schichtweise ein tragender und verfestigter Kernbereich aufgebaut wird, der sich zusammensetzt aus mehreren Lagen Füllboden, der je Lage von einem im wesentlichen horizontalen Abschnitt, einem von unten nach oben sich erstreckenden Abschnitt und einem zurückgefalteten Abschnitt einer flexiblen Bewehrungsbahn umschlossen und verdichtet wird, und bei dem im Abstand von dem verdichteten Kernbereich mittels Abstandhaltern steife, großflächige Frontelement befestigt werden, so daß zwischen den Frontelementen und dem Kernbereich ein von unten bis oben durchgehender freier Raum entsteht, der verfüllt werden kann.The invention relates to a method for producing a Erdböschung, in which a layer-supporting and solidified core area is constructed, which is composed of several layers Füllboden, each layer of a substantially horizontal portion, a bottom-up extending portion and a folded-back portion of a flexible armor sheet is enclosed and compacted, and be fixed at a distance from the compressed core region by means of spacers stiff, large-area front element, so that between the front elements and the core area a bottom-to-top continuous space is created, which are filled can.
Aus der
Damit bei der Verdichtung der Füllbodenlagen die im wesentlichen von unten nach oben sich erstreckende Frontseite der Bewehrungsbahn nicht nach vorne auswandert, wird vor dem Verdichten je Lage eine abnehmbare Schalung angebracht. In dem tragenden und verfestigten Kernbereich werden über die vertikalen Abschnitte der Bewehrungsbahn vorragende stabförmige Abstandhalter angeordnet. Nach Erstellen des tragenden und verdichteten Kernbereichs werden im Abstand von der Frontseite des Kernbereiches steife, großflächige Gittermatten an den 20 cm oder 40 cm vorragenden stabförmigen Abstandhaltern befestigt, so daß zwischen den steifen Gittermatten und dem Kernbereich ein von unten bis oben durchgehender freier Raum entsteht, der vorzugsweise mit einem Vegetationsboden, aber auch mit Kies, Schotter oder Beton, gefüllt wird.So that during the compaction of the Füllbodenlagen the substantially extending from bottom to top front side of the reinforcement track does not emigrate forward, a removable formwork is attached before compacting each layer. In the supporting and solidified core area projecting rod-shaped spacers are arranged over the vertical sections of the reinforcement track. After creating the supporting and compressed core area are spaced from the front of the Core area rigid, large mesh mats attached to the 20 cm or 40 cm projecting rod-shaped spacers, so that between the rigid mesh mats and the core area from bottom to top continuous free space, preferably with a vegetation floor, but also with gravel, gravel or concrete , is filled.
Wenn die Frontelemente Gittermatten mit relativ großen Gitteröffnungen sind, dann wird an der Innenseite dieser Gittermatten ein durchwurzelbares dünnes Gittergewebe oder ein dünnes Vlies angebracht, damit der zwischen dem verfestigten Bereich und den steifen Gittermatten einzufüllende Vegetationsboden nicht durch die Öffnungen in den Gittermatten hindurchfällt.If the front panels are mesh mats having relatively large mesh apertures, then a rootable thin mesh fabric or a thin nonwoven fabric is applied to the interior of these mesh mats so that the vegetation floor to be filled between the solidified area and the rigid mesh mats will not fall through the apertures in the mesh mats.
Nach diesem bekannten Verfahren lassen sich auch Schallschutzwälle errichten, die beidseitig begrünbar sind und die entsprechend dem beschriebenen Verfahren aufgebaut sind. Die Füllbodenlagen werden dabei nach oben immer schmaler, damit beidseitig die Seitenwände des Walls eine Neigung von etwa 60° bis 70° erhalten.According to this known method, it is also possible to construct soundproof walls which can be planted on both sides and which are constructed in accordance with the described method. The Füllbodenlagen are getting narrower upwards so that both sides of the walls of the walls receive an inclination of about 60 ° to 70 °.
Die einzelnen Füllbodenschichten werden mittels Rüttler oder Vibrationswalzen verdichtet, bevor die nächst höhere Füllbodenschicht aufgebracht wird. Um eine gute Verzahnung der Füllbodenschichten zu erreichen, sind die flexiblen Bewehrungsmatten als Geogitter ausgebildet mit einer Maschenweite von 20 mm x 20 mm bis 50 mm x 50 mm. Die Fadenstränge des Geogitters sind mit einer Polymer-Schutzschicht ausgerüstet.The individual Füllbodenschichten be compacted by vibrators or vibrating rollers before the next higher Füllbodenschicht is applied. In order to achieve a good toothing of the Füllbodenschichten, the flexible reinforcing mats are designed as geogrids with a mesh size of 20 mm x 20 mm to 50 mm x 50 mm. The thread strands of the geogrid are covered with a polymer protective layer equipped.
Anstelle eines gewebten Geogitters mit aus mehreren Fäden bestehenden Kettfadensträngen und Schußfadensträngen können aber auch aus Kunststoff hergestellte Geogitter eingesetzt werden.Instead of a woven geogrid with multi-filament warp strands and weft strands but also made of plastic geogrids can be used.
Bei dem bekannten Verfahren werden die stabförmigen und über den verfestigten Kernbereich um 20, 30 oder 40 cm vorragenden Abstandhalter während des Aufbaues des Kernbereiches zwischen die Füllbodenlagen eingelegt. Es ist schwierig, die Abstandhalter so anzuordnen, daß sie auch beim Verdichten der höheren Füllbodenlagen ihre Lage beibehalten. Auch verursachen die vorragenden stabförmigen Abstandhalter für die Bauarbeiter eine Verletzungsgefahr.In the known method, the rod-shaped and over the solidified core area by 20, 30 or 40 cm projecting spacers are inserted during the construction of the core area between the Füllbodenlagen. It is difficult to arrange the spacers so that they maintain their position even when compressing the higher Füllbodenlagen. The protruding rod-shaped spacers also cause construction workers a risk of injury.
Es ist allerdings auch möglich, nach Herstellung des verfestigten Kernbereiches mit Widerhaken versehene stabförmige Abstandhalter in die verdichteten Füllbodenlagen einzutreiben. Dies führt jedoch zu Schwierigkeiten, wenn die Füllbodenlagen mit größeren Steinen durchsetzt sind.However, it is also possible to drive barbed rod-shaped spacers into the compacted Füllbodenlagen after production of the consolidated core area. However, this leads to difficulties when the Füllbodenlagen are interspersed with larger stones.
Ausgehend von dem eingangs genannten Verfahren liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Verfahren derart weiterzubilden, daß das präzise Anbringen der Abstandhalter erleichtert und eine schnelle Montage einer Front- oder Sichtseite einer Erdböschung möglich ist.Based on the above-mentioned method, the present invention seeks to further develop the method so that the precise attachment of the spacers facilitates and quick installation of a front or visible side of a Erdböschung is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß während der Herstellung des verfestigten Kernbereichs oder danach hinter die von unten nach oben verlaufenden Abschnitte der Bewehrungsbahnen zumindest einiger Füllbodenlagen stabförmige, lastverteilende Elemente eingelegt oder eingeschoben werden und daß die Abstandhalter, an ihren dem Kernbereich zugewandten Enden mit einem Haken versehen sind, mit dem die Abstandhalter durch eine Öffnung in den Bewehrungsbahnen hindurch an die stabförmigen Elemente angehakt werden.This object is achieved in that during the Production of the solidified core area or thereafter behind the running from bottom to top sections of the reinforcing webs at least some Füllbodenlagen rod-shaped, load-distributing elements inserted or inserted and that the spacers are provided at their core region facing the ends with a hook, with which the spacers through a Opening in the reinforcement sheets to be hooked to the rod-shaped elements.
Die gleiche Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß auch dadurch gelöst, daß die Abstandhalter an dem dem Kernbereich zugewandten Ende ein im wesentlichen rechtwinklig abgewinkeltes Teil aufweisen, das zum Einhaken in eine Bewehrungsbahn und der Lastverteilung dient und mit dem die Abstandhalter durch Öffnungen in den von unten nach oben verlaufenden Abschnitten der Bewehrungsbahn greifend an Bewehrungsbahnen der Füllbodenlagen befestigt werden.The same object is achieved according to the invention in that the spacers have at the core region facing the end of a substantially rectangular angled portion which serves for hooking into a reinforcement track and the load distribution and with which the spacers through openings in the bottom up Sections of the reinforcement track are gripping on reinforcing tracks of the Füllbodenlagen attached.
Die Bewehrungsbahnen werden von Synthetikgeweben, insbesondere hochfesten Polyestergeweben, oder, wegen der besseren Verzahnung mit dem Füllboden, von Geogitterbahnen gebildet, und die großflächigen steifen Frontelemente sind Gittermatten aus Stahl oder Kunststoff oder bewehrte Betonplatten.The reinforcement sheets are made of synthetic fabrics, in particular high-strength polyester fabrics, or, for better meshing with the filling floor, of geogrid panels, and the large-area rigid front panels are steel or plastic mesh mats or reinforced concrete slabs.
Die Verankerung der Abstandhalter an den Bewehrungsbahnen der Füllbodenlagen hat den Vorteil, daß die Abstandhalter zuverlässig gehalten werden. Ferner wird für die Herstellung der Abstandhalter weniger Material benötigt. Weiterhin können die Abstandhalter und die lastverteilenden Bauteile so ausgebildet sein, daß sie erst nach Herstellen des verdichteten Kernbereichs angebracht werden.The anchoring of the spacers on the reinforcing tracks of the Füllbodenlagen has the advantage that the spacers are held reliably. Further, for the production of the spacer less material needed. Furthermore, the spacers and the load-distributing components may be formed so that they are attached only after the production of the compacted core region.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden während oder nach Herstellung des verfestigten Kernbereiches im Bereich der von unten nach oben verlaufenden Abschnitte der Bewehrungsbahnen hinter diesen Bahnen lastverteilende Stäbe angebracht, und nach Herstellung des verfestigten Kernbereiches werden im Abstand von diesem Kernbereich großflächige steife Gittermatten aufgestellt und diese werden mittels Abstandhaltern, die an beiden Enden mit Haken versehen sind, mit den lastverteilenden Stäben verbunden, indem jeweils ein Haken der Abstandhalter einen lastverteilenden Stab hintergreift und der andere Haken einen Stab einer steifen Gittermatte umgreift.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, load-distributing bars are mounted behind orbits during or after production of the consolidated core region in the region of the reinforcing tracks, and after production of the consolidated core region, large-area rigid mesh mats are erected at a distance from this core region are connected by means of spacers, which are provided at both ends with hooks, with the load-distributing rods by one hook of the spacers engages behind a load-distributing rod and the other hook engages around a rod of a rigid grid mat.
Die lastverteilenden Stäbe können beim Aufbau der Füllbodenlagen hinter dem von unten nach oben sich erstreckenden Abschnitt der Bewehrungsbahn angebracht werden. Diese lastverteilenden Stäbe können aber auch nach Herstellen des verdichteten Kernbereiches hinter die Bewehrungsbahn der einzelnen Füllbodenlagen eingeschoben oder eingetrieben werden. Die Stäbe verteilen die vom Abstandhalter ausgeübte Last auf die vertikal verlaufenden Fäden einer die Bewehrungsbahn bildenden Gewebebahn oder Geogitterbahn.The load-distributing bars can be mounted behind the bottom-to-top section of the rebar when the fill floor layers are built up. However, these load-distributing rods can also be inserted or driven in after the compacted core region is produced behind the reinforcement web of the individual filler base layers. The bars distribute the load exerted by the spacer on the vertical threads of a web of fabric or geogrid web forming the reinforcing web.
Werden die Bewehrungsbahnen von Geogitterbahnen gebildet, dann ermöglichen es die mindestens 20 mm x 20 mm großen Maschen der Geogitterbahnen sowie eine lokale Dehnbarkeit der Geogitter-Fadenstränge, daß die lastverteilenden Stäbe oder die rechtwinklig abgewinkelten Teile der Abstandhalter auch nach Herstellen des verfestigten Kernbereiches hinter die Frontseiten der Geogitterbahnen gebracht werden können.If the reinforcement tracks are formed by geogrid tracks, then For example, the at least 20mm x 20mm meshes of the geogrid webs, as well as local extensibility of the geogrid strands, allow the load-distributing bars or the right angle angled portions of the spacers to be placed behind the front sides of the geogrid tracks even after the consolidated core area has been fabricated.
Werden die Bewehrungsbahnen von dichtem Gewebe gebildet und die lastverteilenden Stäbe bei der Herstellung der verdichteten Füllbodenlagen eingelegt, dann ist dies auf der Frontseite des vertikalen Abschnitts der Bewehrungsbahn zu kennzeichnen, und es müssen Öffnungen für den Durchlaß der Abstandhalter in die Bewehrungsbahn eingeschnitten oder eingebrannt werden.If the reinforcement sheets are formed by dense fabric and the load-distributing rods are inserted in the production of the compacted Füllbodenlagen, this is to mark on the front of the vertical portion of the reinforcement sheet, and openings for the passage of the spacers must be cut or baked in the reinforcement sheet.
In der folgenden Beschreibung werden erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die mit diesen Verfahren hergestellte Erdböschungen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen in:
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Böschung mit begrünbarer Sichtfläche,
- Fig. 2
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Abstandhalters, der einen lastverteilenden Stab mit einem Stab eines von einer Gittermatte gebildeten steifen großflächigen Frontelements verbindet,
- Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Abstandhalters, der hinter eine von einer Geogitterbahn gebildeten Bewehrungsbahn greift,
- Fig. 4
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Abstandhalters mit gegenüber
Fig. 3 veränderten Haken, - Fig. 5
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Abstandhalters gemäß
Fig. 1 - Fig. 6
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Böschung mit einer Sichtfläche aus Betonplatten,
- Fig. 7 - 9
- Ansichten unterschiedlicher Abstandhalter.
- Fig. 1
- a cross section through an embankment according to the invention produced with verdigris visible surface,
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged view of a spacer, a load-distributing rod with a rod one of a grid mat connecting formed rigid large-scale front element,
- Fig. 3
- a perspective view of a spacer which engages behind a rebar formed by a geogrid web,
- Fig. 4
- a perspective view of a spacer with respect to
Fig. 3 modified hook, - Fig. 5
- an enlarged view of a spacer according to
Fig. 1 - Fig. 6
- a schematic cross section through an embankment with a visible surface concrete slabs,
- Fig. 7 - 9
- Views of different spacers.
Die
Der verfestigte Kernbereich 1 setzt sich in diesem Beispiel zusammen aus fünf Lagen 21-25 Füllboden 4, der je Lage an drei Seiten von einer flexiblen Bewehrungsbahn 5 umschlossen ist. Die Bewehrungsbahn 5 jeder Füllbodenlage 21-25 hat einen im wesentlichen horizontalen unteren Abschnitt, einen vorderen, von unten nach oben verlaufenden, im wesentlichen vertikalen Abschnitt 6 und einen zurückgefalteten oberen Abschnitt. Jede Füllbodenlage 21-25 wird mittels Vibrationswalzen oder dergleichen verdichtet, bevor die nächstfolgende höhere Lage aufgebaut wird. Zur Erzielung eines möglichst vertikalen Abschnitts 6 der Bewehrungsbahn 5 wird vor dem Einfüllen des Bodens 4 je Lage eine vorzugsweise vertikale Schalung angebracht. Hat der einzufüllende Boden 4 seine Schichtdicke erreicht, wird der obere Abschnitt der Bewehrungsbahn zurückgeklappt und der eingefüllte Boden verdichtet. Die flexible Bewehrungsbahn sowie die Schalung der nächstfolgenden Lage werden so angebracht, daß die Böschung die jeweils gewünschte Neigung erhält. Es entstehen dadurch Stufen, die um so größer sind, je kleiner der Böschungswinkel gegenüber der Horizontalen ist. Im Abstand vom verfestigten Kernbereich 1 sind steife, über mehrere Füllbodenlagen 21-25 sich erstreckende Frontelemente 7 angebracht, die von Abstandhaltern 8 gehalten wird. Die Abstandhalter 8 sind aus verzinktem oder nicht verzinktem Stahldraht hergestellt und haben einen etwa 20 bis 70 cm langen geraden Abschnitt und bei der Ausführungsform nach
Die in
Die steife Gittermatte 7 kann eine Baustahlgewebematte sein oder aber auch aus Kunststoff hergestellt sein. Besteht die Gittermatte aus Stahldraht, dann sollte sie korrosionsbeständig gemacht werden, zum Beispiel durch Verzinken oder durch eine Kunststoffbeschichtung.The
Der aus
Falls hinter der steifen Gittermatte 7 eine dünne Vlieslage 9 angeordnet ist, dann kann diese von den Abstandhaltern 8,8' ohne weiteres durchstoßen werden. Ist an der steifen Gittermatte 7 ein durchwurzelbares Gewebe befestigt, dann können zum Anbringen der Abstandhalter 8,8' an den erforderlichen Stellen Löcher eingeschnitten werden.If behind the rigid grid mat 7 a thin
Die Befestigung der steifen Gittermatte 7 an den Abstandhaltern 8 kann in bekannter Weise erfolgen. Eine schnelle und problemlose Verbindung läßt sich dadurch erreichen, daß die Abstandhalter mit Haken versehen sind, welche über Stäbe 16 einer Gittermatte 7 oder über rückseitige Schlaufen oder Bügel einer Betonplatte greifen. Sind die Haken 12' der Abstandhalter 8 und 8"' U-förmig und unten bzw. horizontal offen, dann können diese Zugund Druckkräfte übertragen. Sofern der Abstand der Frontelemente 7 von der Front des Kernbereiches 1 durch andere Maßnahmen, z.B. durch Distanzklötze, gesichert wird, können die Haken 12 der Abstandhalter vertikal offen sein.The attachment of the
In
Die
Der Abstandhalter 8" nach
Die Abstandhalter 8" und 8"' nach
Die Abstandhalter 8"' und 8"" nach
Der Abstandhalter 8"" kann wegen der nach innen offenen Haken nur Zugkräfte aufnehmen. Diese Abstandhalter 8"" sind zweckmäßig, wenn die Frontelemente 7 schon durch Distanzblöcke im Abstand von den Frontseiten der Füllbodenlagen gehalten sind.The
- 11
- verfestigter Kernbereichsolidified core area
- 22
- AußenhautbereichSkin area
- 33
- natürliche Erdböschungnatural earth embankment
- 44
- Füllboden (verdichtet)Filling bottom (compacted)
- 55
- Bewehrungsbahn aus Synthetikgewebe oder GeogitterReinforcement of synthetic fabric or geogrid
- 66
- Frontseite der FüllbodenlagenFront of the filling floor layers
- 77
- steifes großflächiges Frontelement, Betonplatte oder Gittermatterigid large-area front element, concrete slab or grid mat
- 88th
- Abstandhalterspacer
- 8',8"8 ', 8 "
- Abstandhalterspacer
- 8"',8""8 " ', 8" "
- Abstandhalterspacer
- 99
- durchwurzelbare dünne Vliesmatte oder Gittergeweberoot-through thin non-woven mat or mesh fabric
- 1010
- Vegetationsbodenvegetation soil
- 1111
- abgewinkeltes Teil des Abstandhalters 8'angled part of the spacer 8 '
- 1212
- vertikal offener Hakenvertically open hook
- 12'12 '
- horizontal offener Hakenhorizontally open hook
- 1313
- Fadenstrang horizontalThread strand horizontal
- 1414
- Fadenstrang vertikalThread strand vertically
- 1515
- lastverteilender Stabload-distributing bar
- 1616
-
horizontaler Stab einer steifen Gittermatte 7horizontal bar of a
rigid grid mat 7 - 1717
- Bügelhanger
- 2121
- unterste Füllbodenlagelowest fill level
- 2222
- zweite Füllbodenlagesecond Füllbodenlage
- 2323
- dritte Füllbodenlagethird Füllbodenlage
- 2424
- vierte Füllbodenlagefourth Füllbodenlage
- 2525
- fünfte Füllbodenlagefifth filling layer
Claims (16)
- A method of producing an earthwork slope, in which a strengthened load-bearing core zone (1) is constructed in layers, which core zone (1) is composed of a plurality of layers (21 - 25) of fill soil (4), which in each layer is enclosed and compressed by a substantially horizontal portion, an upwardly extending portion (6) and a folded-back portion of a flexible reinforcing web (5), and in which rigid, large-area facing elements are attached at a distance from the compressed core zone (1) by means of spacers (8), such that a free space continuous from bottom to top arises between the facing elements (7) and the core zone (1), which free space may be filled, characterised in that, during production of the strengthened core zone (1) or thereafter, rod-shaped load-distributing elements (15) are placed or pushed in behind the upwardly extending portions (6) of the reinforcing webs (5) of at least some of the layers of fill soil (21 - 25) and in that the spacers (8, 8", 8"') are provided at their end facing the core zone (1) with a hook (12, 12'), with which the spacers (8) are hooked onto the rod-shaped elements (15) through an opening in the reinforcing webs (5).
- A method of producing an earthwork slope, in which a strengthened load-bearing core zone (1) is constructed in layers, which core zone (1) is composed of a plurality of layers (21 - 25) of fill soil (4), which in each layer is enclosed and compressed by a substantially horizontal portion, an upwardly extending portion (6) and a folded-back portion of a flexible reinforcing web (5), and in which rigid, large-area facing elements are attached at a distance from the compressed core zone (1) by means of spacers (8), such that a free space continuous from bottom to top arises between the facing elements (7) and the core zone (1), which free space may be filled, characterised in that the spacer (8') comprises at the end facing the core zone a part (11) bent substantially at right angles, which serves to hook into a reinforcing web (5) and for load distribution purposes and with which the spacers (8'), passing through openings in the upwardly extending portions of the reinforcing web (5), are attached to reinforcing webs (5) of at least some of the fill soil layers (21 - 25).
- A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the spacers (8, 8', 8", 8"', 8"") comprise hooks (11, 12, 12') at both ends, with which they may be hooked in at one end to the reinforcing webs (5) or over the load-distributing rods (15) and hooked at the other end over rods (16), brackets or loops of the large-area facing elements (7) .
- A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the reinforcing webs (5) are geogrid webs, in particular of high-modulus polyester yarns.
- A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the reinforcing webs (5) are a synthetic woven fabric into which the openings for passage of the spacers (8, 8', 8", 8"', 8"") are cut or burned.
- A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the rigid, large-area facing elements (7) are grid mats of steel, in particular galvanised welded wire grid mats.
- A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the rigid, large-area facing elements (7) are reinforced concrete slabs, which on their rear have loops or brackets (17) connected to the reinforcement.
- An earthwork slope having a strengthened core zone (1) constructed in layers, which is composed of a plurality of layers (21 - 25) of fill soil (4), which in each layer is enclosed and compressed at least at the front on three sides by a reinforcing web (5), rigid, large-area facing elements (7) being attached by means of spacers (8) at a distance from this core zone (1), produced by the method according to claim 1, characterised in that, in the area of the upwardly extending portions (6) of the reinforcing web (5) of at least some of the fill soil layers (21 - 25), load-distributing rods (15) are arranged behind the reinforcing web (5) and the rigid facing elements (7) are held at a distance from the core zone (1) by spacers (8), which comprise hooks (12, 12') at each end, of which the hooks at one end engage over the load-distributing rods (15) and the other hooks (12, 12') engage around rods (16), loops or brackets (17) of the rigid large-area facing elements (7).
- An earthwork slope having a strengthened core zone (1) constructed in layers, which is composed of a plurality of layers (21 - 25) of fill soil (4), which in each layer is enclosed and compressed at least at the front on three sides by a reinforcing web (5), rigid, large-area facing elements (7) being attached by means of spacers (8) at a distance from this core zone (1), produced by the method according to claim 2, characterised in that the spacers (8') comprise at the ends facing the core zone (1) straight, load-distributing hooks (11) bent substantially at right angles, which are hooked in behind the front (6) of a reinforcing web (5) in the area of the upwardly extending portions (6) of the reinforcing webs (5) of at least some of the fill soil layers (21 - 25), the facing elements (7) being attached to the other end of the spacers (8').
- An earthwork slope according to claim 9, characterised in that the spacers (8') comprise hooks (12, 12') at their ends facing the facing elements (7), which hooks (12, 12') engage around rods (16) of geogrid mats or brackets (17) or loops at the rear of concrete slabs.
- An earthwork slope according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the reinforcing webs (5) are geogrid webs.
- An earthwork slope according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the reinforcing webs (5) are dense synthetic woven fabrics.
- An earthwork slope according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterised in that the facing elements (5) are large-area rigid grid mats.
- An earthwork slope according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterised in that the large-area rigid facing elements (5) are reinforced concrete slabs or plates.
- An earthwork slope according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterised in that the spacers (8, 8", 8"', 8"") comprise hooks (12, 12') at both ends.
- An earthwork slope according to claim 14, characterised in that the hooks (12') of the spacers (8) are U-shaped and open horizontally, in particular at the bottom.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003111597 DE10311597A1 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Method for constructing an earth embankment involves introduction of at least a few layers of load distributing elements during or after construction of a consolidated central region |
DE10311597 | 2003-03-14 | ||
DE10328325 | 2003-06-24 | ||
DE10328325 | 2003-06-24 |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1457603A2 EP1457603A2 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
EP1457603A9 EP1457603A9 (en) | 2004-11-10 |
EP1457603A3 EP1457603A3 (en) | 2005-11-30 |
EP1457603B1 true EP1457603B1 (en) | 2008-07-23 |
Family
ID=32773180
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20040101037 Expired - Fee Related EP1457603B1 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-12 | Sloping earth structure and fabrication method thereof |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1457603B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502004007643D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2311134T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05247955A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-09-24 | Taisei Corp | Construction retaining wall |
DE29823733U1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 2000-01-20 | Krismer Josef | Grid construction for backfilling with bulk material |
JPH10317381A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Tenryu Ind Co Ltd | Structure for protecting face of slope by retaining wall and method for constructing the same |
GB2334739A (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-01 | Netlon Ltd | A geoengineering construction |
US6186703B1 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 2001-02-13 | Shaw Technologies | Mechanical interlocking means for retaining wall |
US5975810A (en) * | 1998-04-01 | 1999-11-02 | Taylor; Thomas P. | Geo-grid anchor |
DE19922670A1 (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-23 | Huesker Synthetic Gmbh & Co | Process for the production of a greenable outer skin of an earth embankment |
-
2004
- 2004-03-12 EP EP20040101037 patent/EP1457603B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-12 ES ES04101037T patent/ES2311134T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-12 DE DE200450007643 patent/DE502004007643D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1457603A3 (en) | 2005-11-30 |
EP1457603A9 (en) | 2004-11-10 |
ES2311134T3 (en) | 2009-02-01 |
DE502004007643D1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
EP1457603A2 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
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