EP1451520B1 - Practice cartridge - Google Patents

Practice cartridge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1451520B1
EP1451520B1 EP02795083A EP02795083A EP1451520B1 EP 1451520 B1 EP1451520 B1 EP 1451520B1 EP 02795083 A EP02795083 A EP 02795083A EP 02795083 A EP02795083 A EP 02795083A EP 1451520 B1 EP1451520 B1 EP 1451520B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
cartridge according
practice
cartridge
practice cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02795083A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1451520A2 (en
Inventor
Kai c/o Metallwerk Elisenhütte GmbH Nassau HOFFMANN
Peter c/o Metallwerk Elisenhütte GmbH Nassau KAISER
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Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH
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Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20119609U external-priority patent/DE20119609U1/en
Application filed by Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH filed Critical Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH
Priority to SI200230913T priority Critical patent/SI1451520T1/en
Publication of EP1451520A2 publication Critical patent/EP1451520A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1451520B1 publication Critical patent/EP1451520B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F42B12/745—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body the core being made of plastics; Compounds or blends of plastics and other materials, e.g. fillers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a training cartridge with a smaller diameter compared to sharp cartridges of the case bottom or conclusion.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an exercise cartridge, which is suitable for practice purposes and in particular a practice closure of a weapon such as the rifle G36.
  • the cartridge of the present invention is, for example, a 5.56 x 45 brass plastic training exercise cartridge suitable for firing from a G36 rifle (Nato standard) with grounding occlusion.
  • This training cartridge guarantees precision at a distance of 75 m, with a maximum danger area of approximately 400 m.
  • the projectile of the cartridge according to the invention Due to its unfavorable external ballistic behavior, the projectile of the cartridge according to the invention has a very short range. This is achieved by an extremely low cross-sectional load, for example, by using materials of lower density by about 1 g / cm 3 , and by a special shape of the projectile, the has a blunt tip with tear-off.
  • the projectile Due to the relatively low density, the projectile is susceptible to destruction. Embodiments described in this application, which avoid the destruction of the projectile, are therefore of particular interest, in particular in connection with the low density.
  • the longer the conical projection at the rear of the projectile, the blunter the angle of the conical projection and the shorter the sleeve with the propellant the faster the bullet separates from the sleeve.
  • the guide collar is provided with a comparatively large outer diameter relative to the other diameters of the projectile.
  • the sleeve of the cartridge is reinforced in the region of the shoulder so that it does not plastically deform during the bombardment.
  • the practice cartridge according to the invention preferably has a low-emission primer, a propellant charge powder, a brass sleeve and a plastic projectile made of petrochemical or biodegradable material.
  • the plastic projectile is specially adapted to the ballistic external parameters, d. H. takes into account a possible rapid drop in speed.
  • the rim diameter of the case bottom has a diameter of 9.05 mm, which is less than the diameter of 9.60 a sharp cartridge 5.56 x 45.
  • a standard 5.56 caliber sharp cartridge must not be capable of loading or functioning when using a G36 gun grounding seal.
  • the practice lock locks only with its mass and the closing spring force. The shooting of a sharp cartridge would put so much strain on the exercise seal and accelerate the launch so much that the weapon case could break apart and the shooter could be harmed.
  • the configuration of the MPT (Brass Plastic Training) cartridge together with the special short track bullet and a smaller rim diameter at the bottom or the handle groove of the preferably brass sleeve is a peculiarity of the present invention.
  • the special plastic short track bullet is especially suitable for practice purposes.
  • the cartridge in one embodiment comprises a bullet with a blunt tip, which is preferably formed by an angle of 120 ° and larger. By providing such an obtuse angle, the feeding of the cartridge into the chamber is facilitated. This is particularly advantageous when used in fully automatic and semi-automatic weapons. Forming the tip by means of rounded surfaces further improves the delivery of the cartridge into the cartridge chamber.
  • the projectile has a conical transition section (32) between the guide collar and the crowned or flat tip (31), which may be of a conical shape. Due to the hollow cone shape weight can be saved here desirable.
  • the overall length of the cartridge case is 43.2 +/- 0.25 mm in a typical embodiment. A quick separation of projectile and sleeve is thus ensured to counteract the destruction of the projectile.
  • the guide collar 36 is then preferably shortened compared to the length that is used in a combat ammunition. The cartridge can thus be used in standardized calibrations.
  • the guide collar is typically at least 2.5mm, preferably 3mm +/- 0.2mm long. The length of about three millimeters is preferred to ensure the transmission of the spin at launch.
  • the diameter of the guide collar is somewhat larger in comparison to the standard, in particular, in order to ensure the transmission of the twist during launch and thus the stabilization of the flying projectile. If the diameter of the standard projectile is 5.1 mm, the diameter of the projectile according to the invention is preferably 5.2 mm.
  • the propellant charge shell preferably has a greater material hardness in the front region than a combat cartridge. This is in particular 165 - 205 hardening brine. This causes the sleeve in the chamber during shooting does not completely attach. This facilitates the removal of the fired propellant charge case from the chamber.
  • the bullet has a conical extension at the rear end to avoid destruction at short spin lengths and high speed, which is typically at least 4 mm long and not more than 6 mm, more preferably not more than 5 mm.
  • the conical approach is 4.5 +/- 0.2 mm long in one embodiment.
  • a main body which is cylindrically shaped and which has a smaller diameter than the guide collar, is provided between the conical projection and the guide collar. The precision of the projectile is thereby improved.
  • the main body is typically 2.5 to 3.5 mm, more preferably up to 3 mm long.
  • the leadership typically has a diameter greater than 5.75 mm, preferably a diameter of 5.82 +/- 0.02 mm.
  • the conical approach preferably includes an angle greater than 10 ° and / or less than 20 °. It is typically 13 ° +/- 1 °. On the one hand, the choice of a small angle counteracts the destruction of the projectile. On the other hand, if the angle is too small, the bullet mass would be too low and the deployment distance too low.
  • the transition section section (32) is not longer than 5 mm, preferably not longer than 3.5 mm. If the transition section is too long, the material would melt in the course of the weapon.
  • the projectile material is enriched with barium compound such as barium sulfate. In particular 5-10% by weight is contained in the bullet material.
  • the projectile can then be detected in the body (human or animal) by means of X-ray radiation. The material is not toxic. If a person or animal has been accidentally hit by the exercise cartridge, the patient can be better helped.
  • exercise cartridge I has a preferably made of brass sleeve 2, in the bottom 3 a low-pollution primer 4 is inserted, which can ignite located in the bottom 3 channels 5 located in the sleeve 2 propellant charge 6 when the firing pin of a weapon, not shown here from which the practice cartridge is to be fired on the primer 4 hits.
  • the disk-shaped end 7 of the sleeve 2 has a reduced diameter compared to live ammunition, so that only this cartridge can be fired in a special purpose intended for training purposes mass closure, if the weapon has a special, intended for practice purpose mass lock.
  • this neck 9 is a low-density material existing, an extremely low cross-sectional load having projectile 10, which consists for example of petrochemical or biodegradable plastic.
  • projectile 10 which consists for example of petrochemical or biodegradable plastic.
  • This bullet has at the top or, at the front end a flattening 11 with tear-off edge 12, which contributes to the fact that the projectile 10 has an unfavorable outward ballistic behavior and therefore only a small range.
  • the shoulder 8 of the sleeve 2 is reinforced so that it does not deform during firing, because the reduced diameter end sleeve 7 is not sufficiently held by the mass closure of the weapon used to fire the training ammunition.
  • the sleeve 22 of the practice cartridge 21 similar or just as in the exercise cartridge 1 according to FIG. 1 educated.
  • a low-emission Anzündhütchen 24 disposed in a corresponding recess which can ignite disposed in the bottom 23 channels 25 located in the sleeve 22 propellant charge 26 when the firing pin of a weapon not shown in detail, from which the practice cartridge 21 is to be fired on the primer 4 impinges.
  • the projectile 30 consists for example of petrochemical or biodegradable plastic. This projectile 30 has at the outer or front end a low, crowned tip 31 which terminates a conical portion 32 of the projectile 30.
  • the main body 34 of the projectile 30 is cylindrical and has at the inner or rear end a conical projection 35.
  • the main body 34 is provided with an enlarged diameter cylindrical guide collar 36 which lies in front of the outer end 37 of the neck 29 of the sleeve 22 Fig. 2 shows.
  • the outer diameter of the guide collar 36 is preferably about 1.0 to 1.5% larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical main body 34 of the projectile.
  • the conical section 32 forms a transition between the guide collar 36 and the crowned or conical tip 31 of the projectile 30.
  • the shoulder 28 of the sleeve 22 is reinforced so that it does not deform when bombarded, because the reduced outer diameter disc-shaped end 27 of the case bottom is not sufficiently held by the mass lock used to fire the training ammunition of the weapon.
  • the outer diameter of the disk-shaped end 27 of the sleeve 22 is preferably about 6% smaller than the outer diameter of the sleeve 22.

Abstract

The invention relates to a practice cartridge (1) comprising a cylindrical cartridge case (2) and a projectile inserted into a narrowed neck (9), whereby a conically formed shoulder (8) is provided between the cartridge case (2) and the narrowed neck (9) thereof.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Übungspatrone mit einem gegenüber scharfen Patronen kleinerem Durchmesser des Hülsenbodens oder Abschlusses.The invention relates to a training cartridge with a smaller diameter compared to sharp cartridges of the case bottom or conclusion.

Übungspatronen dieser Art sind grundsätzlich bekannt, beispielsweise durch die 7,62 PT Munition. EP0578981 offenbart eine Übungspatrone mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1. Es ist jedoch problematisch, diese Munition aus für scharfe Munition bestimmten Waffen wie das Gewehr G36 zu verschießen. Daher sollte die Waffe, aus der Übungspatronen abgefeuert werden, mit einem speziellen nur für Übungspatronen geeigneten Masseverschluss versehen sein.Practice cartridges of this type are basically known, for example by 7.62 PT ammunition. EP0578981 discloses an exercise cartridge having the features of the preamble of claim 1. However, it is problematic to fire these ammunition from weapons intended for live ammunition such as the G36 rifle. Therefore, the weapon to be fired from the practice cartridges should be equipped with a special grounding only suitable for practice cartridges.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Übungspatrone zu schaffen, welche für Übungszwecke und Insbesondere einen Übungsverschluss einer Waffe wie dem Gewehr G36 geeignet ist.The invention has for its object to provide an exercise cartridge, which is suitable for practice purposes and in particular a practice closure of a weapon such as the rifle G36.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Patrone gelöst, welche die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 aufweist. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved with a cartridge having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Patrone ist beispielsweise eine 5,56 x 45 Messing-Plastik-Trainings-Übungspatrone, die zum Abfeuern aus einem Gewehr G36 (Nato-Standard) mit Masseübungsverschluss geeignet ist. Diese Übungspatrone gewährlelstet eine Präzision auf 75 m Entfernung, wobei der maximale Gefahrenbereich etwa 400 m beträgt.The cartridge of the present invention is, for example, a 5.56 x 45 brass plastic training exercise cartridge suitable for firing from a G36 rifle (Nato standard) with grounding occlusion. This training cartridge guarantees precision at a distance of 75 m, with a maximum danger area of approximately 400 m.

Durch sein ungünstiges außenballistisches Verhalten hat das Geschoss der erfindungsgemäßen Patrone eine sehr kurze Reichweite. Erreicht wird dies durch eine extrem niedrige Querschnittsbelastung, beispielsweise durch Verwendung von Materialien geringerer Dichte um etwa 1 g/cm3, und durch eine besondere Formgebung des Geschosses, das eine stumpfe Spitze mit Abreißkante aufweist.Due to its unfavorable external ballistic behavior, the projectile of the cartridge according to the invention has a very short range. This is achieved by an extremely low cross-sectional load, for example, by using materials of lower density by about 1 g / cm 3 , and by a special shape of the projectile, the has a blunt tip with tear-off.

Durch die relativ geringe Dichte ist das Geschoss anfällig gegen Zerstörung. In dieser Anmeldung geschilderte Ausführungsformen, die einer Zerstörung des Geschosses vermeiden, sind daher insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der geringen Dichte vom besonderen Interesse. Allgemein gilt: Je länger der konische Ansatz am hinteren Ende des Geschosses ist, je stumpfer der Winkel des konischen Ansatzes und je kürzer die Hülse mit der Treibladung ist, desto schneller trennt sich das Geschoss von der Hülse. Einer Zerstörung des Geschosses, die insbesondere bei kurzer Dralllänge und hoher Geschwindigkeit auftritt, wird so entgegengewirkt.Due to the relatively low density, the projectile is susceptible to destruction. Embodiments described in this application, which avoid the destruction of the projectile, are therefore of particular interest, in particular in connection with the low density. In general, the longer the conical projection at the rear of the projectile, the blunter the angle of the conical projection and the shorter the sleeve with the propellant, the faster the bullet separates from the sleeve. A destruction of the projectile, which occurs in particular at a short twist length and high speed, is counteracted.

Um auch bei kurzen Dralllängen zu einer hohen Treffergenauigkeit zu gelangen, wird erfindungsgemäß der Führungsbund mit vergleichsweise großem Außendurchmesser relativ zu den sonstigen Durchmessern beim Geschoss vorgesehen.In order to achieve a high accuracy of impact even with short twist lengths, according to the invention the guide collar is provided with a comparatively large outer diameter relative to the other diameters of the projectile.

Die in den Ansprüchen genannten Dimensionierungen stellen typische Werte dar, mit denen sich die in den letzten beiden Absätzen genannten Zielsetzungen unter Beachtung sonstiger wichtiger Randbedingungen erreichen lassen.The dimensions mentioned in the claims represent typical values with which the objectives mentioned in the last two paragraphs can be achieved, taking into account other important boundary conditions.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist die Hülse der Patrone im Bereich der Schulter verstärkt, damit diese sich beim Beschuss nicht plastisch verformt.According to a further feature of the invention, the sleeve of the cartridge is reinforced in the region of the shoulder so that it does not plastically deform during the bombardment.

Die erfindungsgemäße Übungspatrone weist vorzugsweise ein schadstoffarmes Anzündhütchen, ein Treibladungspulver, eine Messinghülse und ein Kunststoffgeschoss aus petrochemischem oder biologisch abbaubarem Werkstoff auf. Das Kunststoffgeschoss ist speziell auf die ballistischen Außenparameter abgestimmt, d. h. berücksichtigt einen möglichen schnellen Geschwindigkeitsabfall.The practice cartridge according to the invention preferably has a low-emission primer, a propellant charge powder, a brass sleeve and a plastic projectile made of petrochemical or biodegradable material. The plastic projectile is specially adapted to the ballistic external parameters, d. H. takes into account a possible rapid drop in speed.

Der Randdurchmesser des Hülsenbodens weist einen Durchmesser von 9,05 mm auf, der geringer ist als der Durchmesser von 9,60 einer scharfen Patrone 5,56 x 45.The rim diameter of the case bottom has a diameter of 9.05 mm, which is less than the diameter of 9.60 a sharp cartridge 5.56 x 45.

Aus Sicherheitsgründen darf eine übliche scharfe Patrone des Kalibers 5,56 bei Verwendung eines Übungsmasseverschlusses des Gewehrs G36 weder ladefähig noch funktionsfähig sein. Der Übungsverschluss verriegelt nur mit seiner Masse und der Schließfederkraft. Der Abschuss einer scharfen Patrone würde den Übungsverschluss so stark belasten und den Abschuss so sehr beschleunigen, dass das Waffengehäuse auseinanderbrechen und auch der Schütze zu Schaden kommen könnte.For safety reasons, a standard 5.56 caliber sharp cartridge must not be capable of loading or functioning when using a G36 gun grounding seal. The practice lock locks only with its mass and the closing spring force. The shooting of a sharp cartridge would put so much strain on the exercise seal and accelerate the launch so much that the weapon case could break apart and the shooter could be harmed.

All diese Probleme lassen sich mit der erfindungsgemäßen Übungspatrone vermeiden.All these problems can be avoided with the practice cartridge according to the invention.

Die Konfiguration der MPT (Messing-Plastik-Trainings)-Patrone zusammen mit dem speziellen Kurzbahngeschoss und einem kleineren Randdurchmesser am Boden bzw. der Griffrille der vorzugsweise aus Messing bestehenden Hülse ist eine Besonderheit der vorliegenden Erfindung.The configuration of the MPT (Brass Plastic Training) cartridge together with the special short track bullet and a smaller rim diameter at the bottom or the handle groove of the preferably brass sleeve is a peculiarity of the present invention.

Das spezielle Kurzbahngeschoss aus Plastik ist für Übungszwecke besonders geeignet.The special plastic short track bullet is especially suitable for practice purposes.

Die Patrone umfasst In einer Ausführungsform ein Geschoss mit einer stumpfen Spitze, die bevorzugt durch einen Winkel von 120° und größer gebildet wird. Durch Vorsehen eines derart stumpfen Winkels wird die Zuführung der Patrone In das Patronenlager erleichtert. Dies ist insbesondere bei einer Verwendung in vollautomatischen und halbautomatischen Waffen von Vorteil. Die Spitze mittels gerundeter Flächen zu bilden, verbessert weiter die Zuführung der Patrone in das Patronenlager.The cartridge in one embodiment comprises a bullet with a blunt tip, which is preferably formed by an angle of 120 ° and larger. By providing such an obtuse angle, the feeding of the cartridge into the chamber is facilitated. This is particularly advantageous when used in fully automatic and semi-automatic weapons. Forming the tip by means of rounded surfaces further improves the delivery of the cartridge into the cartridge chamber.

Das Geschoss weist zwischen dem Führungsbund und der ballig oder flach ausgebildeten Spitze (31) einen konischen Übergangsabschnitt (32) auf, der hohlkegelförmig ausgebildet sein kann. Durch die Hohlkegelform kann hier erwünscht Gewicht eingespart werden.The projectile has a conical transition section (32) between the guide collar and the crowned or flat tip (31), which may be of a conical shape. Due to the hollow cone shape weight can be saved here desirable.

Die Gesamtlänge der Patronenhülse beträgt In einer typischen Ausführungsform 43,2 +/- 0,25 mm. Eine schnelle Trennung von Geschoss und Hülse wird so sichergestellt, um einer Zerstörung des Geschosses entgegenzuwirken. Der Führungsbund 36 ist dann bevorzugt verkürzt gegenüber der Länge, die bei einer Gefechtsmunition eingesetzt wird. Die Patrone ist damit in standardisierten Kalibieren einsetzbar. Der Führungsbund ist typischerweise wenigstens 2,5 mm, bevorzugt 3mm +/- 0,2 mm lang. Die Länge von um die drei Millimeter wird bevorzugt, um die Übertragung des Dralls beim Abschuss zu gewährleisten.The overall length of the cartridge case is 43.2 +/- 0.25 mm in a typical embodiment. A quick separation of projectile and sleeve is thus ensured to counteract the destruction of the projectile. The guide collar 36 is then preferably shortened compared to the length that is used in a combat ammunition. The cartridge can thus be used in standardized calibrations. The guide collar is typically at least 2.5mm, preferably 3mm +/- 0.2mm long. The length of about three millimeters is preferred to ensure the transmission of the spin at launch.

Der Durchmesser des Führungsbunds ist Insbesondere im Vergleich zum Standard etwas größer, um die Übertragung des Dralls beim Abschuss und damit die Stabilisierung des fliegenden Geschosses sicherzustellen. Liegt der Durchmesser beim Standardgeschoss bei 5,1 mm, so beträgt der Durchmesser bei erfindungsgemäßen Geschoss bevorzugt 5,2 mm.The diameter of the guide collar is somewhat larger in comparison to the standard, in particular, in order to ensure the transmission of the twist during launch and thus the stabilization of the flying projectile. If the diameter of the standard projectile is 5.1 mm, the diameter of the projectile according to the invention is preferably 5.2 mm.

Die Treibladungshülse weist im vorderen Bereich bevorzugt eine größere Materialhärte als eine Gefechtspatrone auf. Diese beträgt insbesondere 165 - 205 Härtebrinnel. Hierdurch wird bewirkt, dass die Hülse im Patronenlager beim Schuss nicht vollständig anliedert. Dadurch wird das Ausziehen der abgeschossenen Treibladungshülse aus dem Patronenlager erleichtert.The propellant charge shell preferably has a greater material hardness in the front region than a combat cartridge. This is in particular 165 - 205 hardening brine. This causes the sleeve in the chamber during shooting does not completely attach. This facilitates the removal of the fired propellant charge case from the chamber.

Das Geschoss weist zur Vermeidung einer Zerstörung bei kurzen Dralllängen und hoher Geschwindigkeit am hinteren Ende einen konischen Ansatz aufweist, der typischerweise wenigstens 4 mm lang und nicht länger als 6 mm, besonders bevorzugt nicht länger als 5 mm ist. Der konische Ansatz ist in einer Ausführungsform 4,5 +/- 0,2 mm lang.The bullet has a conical extension at the rear end to avoid destruction at short spin lengths and high speed, which is typically at least 4 mm long and not more than 6 mm, more preferably not more than 5 mm. The conical approach is 4.5 +/- 0.2 mm long in one embodiment.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist zwischen dem konischen Ansatz und dem Führungsbund ein Hauptkörper vorgesehen, der zylindrisch geformt ist und der einen kleineren Durchmesser als der Führungsbund aufweist. Die Präzision des Geschosses wird dadurch verbessert.In a further embodiment, a main body, which is cylindrically shaped and which has a smaller diameter than the guide collar, is provided between the conical projection and the guide collar. The precision of the projectile is thereby improved.

Bei der Übungspatrone ist der Hauptkörper typischerweise 2,5 bis 3,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt bis 3 mm lang. Der Führungsbund weist typischerweise einen Durchmesser größer als 5,75 mm, bevorzugt einen Durchmesser von 5,82 +/- 0,02 mm auf.In the practice cartridge, the main body is typically 2.5 to 3.5 mm, more preferably up to 3 mm long. The leadership typically has a diameter greater than 5.75 mm, preferably a diameter of 5.82 +/- 0.02 mm.

Der konische Ansatz schließt bevorzugt einen Winkel größer als 10° und/oder kleiner als 20° ein. Er liegt typischerweise bei 13° +/- 1°. Einerseits wird durch Wahl eines kleinen Winkels einer Zerstörung des Geschosses entgegengewirkt. Andererseits hätte ein zu kleiner Winkel zur Folge, dass die Geschossmasse zu niedrig und damit die Einsatzentfernung zu gering sein würde.The conical approach preferably includes an angle greater than 10 ° and / or less than 20 °. It is typically 13 ° +/- 1 °. On the one hand, the choice of a small angle counteracts the destruction of the projectile. On the other hand, if the angle is too small, the bullet mass would be too low and the deployment distance too low.

In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Übergangsabschnittabschnitt (32) nicht länger als 5 mm, bevorzugt nicht länger als 3,5 mm. Bei einem zu langen Übergangsabschnitt würde das Material im Lauf der Waffe schmelzen.In one embodiment of the invention, the transition section section (32) is not longer than 5 mm, preferably not longer than 3.5 mm. If the transition section is too long, the material would melt in the course of the weapon.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Geschossmaterial mit Bariumverbindung wie Bariumsulfat angereichert. Insbesondere 5 - 10 Gew.% ist im Geschossmaterial enthalten. Das Geschoss kann dann im Körper (Mensch oder Tier) mittels Röntgenstrahlung detektierbar werden. Das Material ist nicht toxisch. Ist ein Mensch oder Tier durch die Übungspatrone versehentlich getroffen worden, so kann dem Patienten verbessert geholfen werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the projectile material is enriched with barium compound such as barium sulfate. In particular 5-10% by weight is contained in the bullet material. The projectile can then be detected in the body (human or animal) by means of X-ray radiation. The material is not toxic. If a person or animal has been accidentally hit by the exercise cartridge, the patient can be better helped.

In der Zeichnung sind zwei Patrone für Übungszwecke schematisch und in stark vergrößertem Maßstab dargestellt, und zwar zeigt

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht teilweise im Längsschnitt, einer Patrone, die keinen Teil der Erfindung bildet,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht, teilweise im Längsschnitt, einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Pat- rone, und
Fig. 3
eine Seitenansicht eines im Maßstab weiter vergrößerten Geschos- ses, das in die Hülse der Patrone, wie In Fig. 2 gezeigt, einzustecken ist.
In the drawing, two cartridges for training purposes are shown schematically and on a greatly enlarged scale, and that shows
Fig. 1
a side view partially in longitudinal section, a cartridge which does not form part of the invention,
Fig. 2
a side view, partially in longitudinal section, of an embodiment of the patron invention, and
Fig. 3
a side view of a further enlarged scale in the shell, in the sleeve of the cartridge, as in Fig. 2 shown to be inserted.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Übungspatrone I hat eine vorzugsweise aus Messing bestehende Hülse 2, In deren Boden 3 ein schadstoffarmes Anzündhütchen 4 eingelassen ist, das durch im Boden 3 angeordnete Kanäle 5 eine in der Hülse 2 befindliche Treibladung 6 entzünden kann, wenn der Schlagbolzen einer hier nicht gezeigten Waffe, aus der die Übungspatrone abgeschossen werden soll, auf das Zündhütchen 4 auftrifft.In the Fig. 1 illustrated exercise cartridge I has a preferably made of brass sleeve 2, in the bottom 3 a low-pollution primer 4 is inserted, which can ignite located in the bottom 3 channels 5 located in the sleeve 2 propellant charge 6 when the firing pin of a weapon, not shown here from which the practice cartridge is to be fired on the primer 4 hits.

Der scheibenförmige Abschluss 7 der Hülse 2 hat einen gegenüber scharfer Munition verringerten Durchmesser, sodass nur diese Patrone In einem speziell für Übungszwecke bestimmten Masseverschluss abgeschossen werden kann, wenn die Waffe ein besonderes, für Übungszwecke bestimmtes Masseschloss aufweist.The disk-shaped end 7 of the sleeve 2 has a reduced diameter compared to live ammunition, so that only this cartridge can be fired in a special purpose intended for training purposes mass closure, if the weapon has a special, intended for practice purpose mass lock.

Am äußeren Ende der vorzugsweise aus Messing bestehenden Hülse 2 ist über eine konisch verlaufende Schulter 8 ein gegenüber der zylindrisch ausgebildeten Hülse 2 verengter, ebenfalls zylindrisch ausgebildeter Hals 9 angeordnet. In diesem Hals 9 steckt ein aus Material geringerer Dichte bestehendes, eine extrem niedrige Querschnittbelastung aufweisendes Geschoss 10, das beispielsweise aus petrochemischem oder biologisch abbaubarem Kunststoff besteht. Dieses Geschoss hat an der Spitze bzw, am vorderen Ende eine Abplattung 11 mit Abreißkante 12, was dazu beiträgt, dass das Geschoss 10 ein ungünstiges außenballistisches Verhalten und daher nur eine geringe Reichweite hat.At the outer end of the preferably made of brass sleeve 2 is a conically extending shoulder 8 a opposite the cylindrically shaped sleeve 2 narrowed, also cylindrically shaped neck 9 is arranged. In this neck 9 is a low-density material existing, an extremely low cross-sectional load having projectile 10, which consists for example of petrochemical or biodegradable plastic. This bullet has at the top or, at the front end a flattening 11 with tear-off edge 12, which contributes to the fact that the projectile 10 has an unfavorable outward ballistic behavior and therefore only a small range.

Die Schulter 8 der Hülse 2 ist verstärkt, damit sie sich beim Beschuss nicht verformt, denn der einen verringerten Durchmesser aufweisende Hülsen-Abschluss 7 wird von dem zum Abfeuern der Übungsmunition verwendeten Masseverschluss der Waffe nicht ausreichend festgehalten.The shoulder 8 of the sleeve 2 is reinforced so that it does not deform during firing, because the reduced diameter end sleeve 7 is not sufficiently held by the mass closure of the weapon used to fire the training ammunition.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 und 3 ist die Hülse 22 der Übungspatrone 21 ähnlich oder ebenso wie bei der Übungspatrone 1 gemäß Fig. 1 ausgebildet. Im Boden 23 der Hülse 22 ist ein schadstoffarmes Anzündhütchen 24 In einer entsprechenden Vertiefung angeordnet, das durch im Boden 23 angeordnete Kanäle 25 eine In der Hülse 22 befindliche Treibladung 26 entzünden kann, wenn der Schlagbolzen einer hier nicht näher gezeigten Waffe, aus der die Übungspatrone 21 abgeschossen werden soll, auf das Anzündhütchen 4 auftrifft.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is the sleeve 22 of the practice cartridge 21 similar or just as in the exercise cartridge 1 according to FIG. 1 educated. In the bottom 23 of the sleeve 22 is a low-emission Anzündhütchen 24 disposed in a corresponding recess which can ignite disposed in the bottom 23 channels 25 located in the sleeve 22 propellant charge 26 when the firing pin of a weapon not shown in detail, from which the practice cartridge 21 is to be fired on the primer 4 impinges.

Der über eine Ausziehrille 33 mit der Hülse 22 und deren Boden 23 verbundene scheibenförmige Abschluss 27 der Hülse 22 hat einen gegenüber scharfer Munition verringerten Durchmesser, sodass die Übungspatrone 21 nur geladen und abgeschossen werden kann, wenn die betreffende Waffe ein besonderes, allein für Übungszwecke bestimmtes Masseschloss, das hier nicht gezeigt ist, aufweist.The connected via a Ausziehrille 33 with the sleeve 22 and the bottom 23 disc-shaped end 27 of the sleeve 22 has a reduced diameter compared to live ammunition, so that the exercise cartridge 21 can only be loaded and fired when the weapon in question a particular, intended solely for practice purposes Masslock, which is not shown here, has.

Am äußeren Ende der vorzugsweise aus Messing bestehenden Hülse 22 ist über eine konisch verlaufende Schulter 28 ein gegenüber der zylindrisch ausgebildeten Hülse 22 verengter, ebenfalls zylindrisch ausgebildeter Hals 29 angeordnet, in dem ein aus Material geringerer Dichte wie beispielsweise Kunststoff bestehendes, eine extrem niedrige Querschnittsbelastung aufweisendes Geschoss 30 steckt. Das Geschoss 30 besteht beispielsweise aus petrochemischem oder biologisch abbaubarem Kunststoff. Dieses Geschoss 30 hat am äußeren oder vorderen Ende eine niedrige, ballig ausgebildete Spitze 31, die einen konischen Abschnitt 32 des Geschosses 30 abschließt.At the outer end of the preferably made of brass sleeve 22 is over a conically extending shoulder 28 opposite the cylindrically shaped sleeve 22 narrowed, also cylindrically shaped neck 29 is arranged, in which an existing material of lower density such as plastic, an extremely low cross-sectional load exhibiting Bullet 30 stuck. The projectile 30 consists for example of petrochemical or biodegradable plastic. This projectile 30 has at the outer or front end a low, crowned tip 31 which terminates a conical portion 32 of the projectile 30.

Der Hauptkörper 34 des Geschosses 30 ist zylindrisch ausgebildet und weist am inneren oder hinteren Ende einen konischen Ansatz 35 auf.The main body 34 of the projectile 30 is cylindrical and has at the inner or rear end a conical projection 35.

Damit das Geschoss 30 beim Beschuss tiefer in die Züge der Waffe eindringt, ist der Hauptkörper 34 mit einem im Durchmesser vergrößerten zylindrischen Führungsbund 36 versehen, der vor dem äußeren Ende 37 des Halses 29 der Hülse 22 liegt, wie Fig. 2 zeigt. Der Außendurchmesser des Führungsbundes 36 ist vorzugsweise etwa 1,0 bis 1,5 % größer als der Außendurchmesser des zylindrischen Hauptkörpers 34 des Geschosses.In order for the projectile 30 to penetrate deeper into the draws of the weapon during firing, the main body 34 is provided with an enlarged diameter cylindrical guide collar 36 which lies in front of the outer end 37 of the neck 29 of the sleeve 22 Fig. 2 shows. The outer diameter of the guide collar 36 is preferably about 1.0 to 1.5% larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical main body 34 of the projectile.

Der konische Abschnitt 32 bildet einen Übergang zwischen dem Führungsbund 36 und der balligen oder kegelförmigen Spitze 31 des Geschosses 30.The conical section 32 forms a transition between the guide collar 36 and the crowned or conical tip 31 of the projectile 30.

Die Schulter 28 der Hülse 22 ist verstärkt ausgebildet, damit sie sich beim Beschuss nicht verformt, denn der einen verringerten Außendurchmesser aufweisende scheibenförmige Abschluss 27 des Hülsenbodens wird von dem zum Abfeuern der Übungsmunition verwendeten Masseschloss der Waffe nicht ausreichend festgehalten.The shoulder 28 of the sleeve 22 is reinforced so that it does not deform when bombarded, because the reduced outer diameter disc-shaped end 27 of the case bottom is not sufficiently held by the mass lock used to fire the training ammunition of the weapon.

Der Außendurchmesser des scheibenförmigen Abschlusses 27 der Hülse 22 ist vorzugsweise rund 6 % geringer als der Außendurchmesser der Hülse 22.The outer diameter of the disk-shaped end 27 of the sleeve 22 is preferably about 6% smaller than the outer diameter of the sleeve 22.

Claims (19)

  1. Practice cartridge with a cylindrical cartridge case (22) and a projectile (30) inserted into a narrow neck (29) of the cartridge case, wherein a conically configured shoulder (28) Is provided between the cylindrical part of the cartridge case (22) and its narrow neck (29), wherein the projectile (30) consists of a material with a low density of around 1 g/cm3 and thus has an extremely low sectional density and an unfavourable behaviour with regard to external ballistics as well as a very short range, and is provided with a blunt tip (31), a tearing edge and, in the middle area, with a guide collar (36) with a larger external diameter,
    characterised in that
    the lower end (27) of the cartridge case (22) has a smaller external diameter than a comparable live cartridge.
  2. Practice cartridge according to claim 1, characterised in that the projectile (30) consists of petrochemical or biologically degradable plastic.
  3. Practice cartridge according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the projectile (30) has a conical transition portion (32) between the guide collar (36) and the tip (31) of ball-like or flat configuration.
  4. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the projectile (30) has at its rear end a conical appendage (35), which is preferably at least 4 mm long and/or no longer than 6 mm, particularly preferably no longer than 5 mm, wherein the conical appendage (35), in one embodiment, is 4.5 +/-0.2 mm long.
  5. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a main body (34), which is of cylindrical shape and has a smaller diameter than the guide collar (36), is provided between the conical appendage (35) of the projectile (30) and the guide collar (36).
  6. Practice cartridge according to claim 5, characterised in that the main body (34) of the projectile is 2,5 to 3,5 mm, preferably 3 mm in length.
  7. Practice cartridge according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the guide collar (36) of the projectile has a diameter greater than 5.75 mm, preferably a diameter of 5.82 +/- 0.02 mm,
  8. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the guide collar (36) of the projectile Is at least 2.5 mm, preferably 3 mm +/- 0.2 mm In length.
  9. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 4 to 8, characterised In that the conical appendage (35) of the projectile (30) has an angle of more than 10° and/or less than 20°, preferably 13° +/-1°.
  10. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 4 to 9, characterised in that the projectile (30) has a conical tip (31) which is rounded.
  11. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 4 to 10, characterised in that a transition portion (32), which is in particular hollow cone-shaped, Is present between the tip (31) and the guide collar (36) of the projectile (30).
  12. Practice cartridge according to claim 11, characterised in that the transition portion (32) of the projectile (30) is no longer than 5 mm, preferably no longer than 3.5 mm.
  13. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 4 to 1 2, characterised in that the projectile (30) has a tip (31) which Includes a tip angle of between 100° and 140°, preferably of 120°.
  14. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the material of the projectile (30) Is enriched with barium compounds such as barium sulphate.
  15. Practice cartridge according to any one of the claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the cartridge case (22) consisting of brass is equipped with a low-pollution primer (24) and contains a propellant charge powder (26), wherein the projectile (30) consisting of a petrochemical or biologically degradable material is inserted into the neck (29) of the cartridge case.
  16. Practice cartridge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the shoulder (28) of the cartridge case (22) Is reinforced.
  17. Practice cartridge according to any one of the preceding claims , characterised in that It Is a short-range cartridge with a calibre of 5.56 x 45, the range of which is, In particular, less than 1000 m, preferably less than 500 m, particularly preferably less than 400 m,
  18. Practice cartridge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the total length of the cartridge case (22) Is 43,2 +/- 0.25 mm.
  19. Practice cartridge according to claim 1, characterised in that the propellant charge case (22) has a greater material hardness in the front area (29, 28) than a combat cartridge, namely a Brinell hardness of In particular 165 to 205.
EP02795083A 2001-12-04 2002-12-02 Practice cartridge Expired - Lifetime EP1451520B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200230913T SI1451520T1 (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-02 Practice cartridge

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20119609U DE20119609U1 (en) 2001-08-14 2001-12-04 practice round
DE20119609U 2001-12-04
PCT/EP2002/013580 WO2003048676A2 (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-02 Practice cartridge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1451520A2 EP1451520A2 (en) 2004-09-01
EP1451520B1 true EP1451520B1 (en) 2010-07-28

Family

ID=42828993

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02795083A Expired - Lifetime EP1451520B1 (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-02 Practice cartridge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1451520B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE475857T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002360952A1 (en)
SI (1) SI1451520T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003048676A2 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE56754C (en) * A. MlEG, Königl. Bayerischer Major z. D., in Leipzig, Weststr. 64 Bullets for all types of firearms with a limited gun width
US3060856A (en) * 1959-03-02 1962-10-30 Plastic Training Products Comp Practice round of ammunition
FR1407444A (en) * 1963-09-07 1965-07-30 Dynamit Nobel Ag Practice firing projectile, preferably of plastic
DE9209598U1 (en) * 1992-07-17 1992-11-12 Metallwerk Elisenhuette Gmbh, 5408 Nassau, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE475857T1 (en) 2010-08-15
AU2002360952A1 (en) 2003-06-17
SI1451520T1 (en) 2010-09-30
WO2003048676A3 (en) 2003-12-31
EP1451520A2 (en) 2004-09-01
WO2003048676A2 (en) 2003-06-12

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