EP1451452B1 - Procede et systeme pour la regeneration de filtres a particules diesel - Google Patents

Procede et systeme pour la regeneration de filtres a particules diesel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1451452B1
EP1451452B1 EP02776866A EP02776866A EP1451452B1 EP 1451452 B1 EP1451452 B1 EP 1451452B1 EP 02776866 A EP02776866 A EP 02776866A EP 02776866 A EP02776866 A EP 02776866A EP 1451452 B1 EP1451452 B1 EP 1451452B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diesel particulate
particulate filter
exhaust
exhaust gas
recirculated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02776866A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1451452A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1451452A1 publication Critical patent/EP1451452A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1451452B1 publication Critical patent/EP1451452B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/10—Residue burned
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a Arrangement for the regeneration of diesel particulate filters after the preamble of claim 1 and the preamble of claim 8.
  • Particulate limit values of the Euro IV emission standard may be used of heavy vehicles only with diesel particulate filters (DPF). Cut DPF systems typically 90-95% of the emitted particles. The As a result, particles stored in the filter increase the level Exhaust back pressure, which is why the diesel particulate filter in Intervals between 200-500 km must be regenerated. The Regeneration takes place by burning (oxidation) of the embedded particles. For this, the particles must typically heated to about 600 ° C. Appropriately, the heating of the particles takes place via convective heat input through the exhaust gas flow. The Temperature of the exhaust stream consumption optimized However, diesel engines (TDI, CDI) only exceed a few Operating points 300 ° C.
  • the exhaust gas must therefore during the regeneration be reheated. This can be electric or with Help a burner done. As the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gas varies between 3 and 18%, is the use a diesel burner in the direct exhaust flow without additional Fresh air blower problematic, because not everyone Time enough oxygen for the combustion of the fuel is available.
  • the ignition temperature the particles by adding the diesel fuel with Iron or cerium compounds to lower to about 300 ° C. It should be noted, however, that such additives are inorganic Leave ashes in the particle filter, which too a continuous increase in the through the diesel particulate filter generated counterpressure, causing premature Replacement of the filter may be necessary.
  • FIG. 1 Another possible partial flow system is shown in FIG. You can see two parallel connected Diesel Particulate Filter 1, 2.
  • a flap 4 introduced by means of the exhaust gas in the supply line 3 optionally via a supply line 3a in the diesel particulate filter 1, or via a supply line 3b in the diesel particulate filter 2 is inserted.
  • the Diesel particulate filters 1, 2 are each equipped with electric heaters 1a, 2a formed.
  • About a fan 5 is fresh air into the supply lines 3a, 3b can be introduced. From the diesel particulate filters 1, 2 exiting exhaust gas is discharged via discharge lines 6a and 6b, which open into a conduit 6, dissipated.
  • diesel particulate filters expediently individually undergone regeneration.
  • the diesel particulate filter 1 by means of the flap mechanism 4 of the majority (For example, 90%) of the exhaust gas flow through the diesel particulate filter 2 headed.
  • the remaining residual current becomes electric, or also fossil, heated and heated the diesel particulate filter. 1 and the diesel soot stored therein. If the residual oxygen content the exhaust stream is too low, can by the Blower 5 fresh air to be supplied.
  • the maximum pressure build-up of the blower typically up to 150 hPa however, its use on relatively small overpressures in the exhaust tract.
  • the size of the partial flow can be adjusted or be dimensioned that the diesel particulate filter 1 in short time with the maximum realizable electrical Heating power brought about the ignition temperature of the diesel soot becomes.
  • the diesel particulate filter 2 can then be regenerated become. It is also possible between regeneration provide the individual diesel particulate filter phases, in which both diesel particulate filter according to a Normal operation are applied uniformly with exhaust gas.
  • the aim of the invention is a regeneration of diesel particulate filters in a simple and inexpensive way perform. This goal is achieved through a process with the features of claim 1 and an arrangement with the features of claim 7.
  • the regeneration in at least one partially closed, hereinafter referred to as circulating air circulation perform designated circulation circuit, allows regeneration essentially independent of the size of the exhaust stream, the residual oxygen content and the pressure level. Characterized in that the exhaust gas by means of the circulating air circulation several times through the diesel particulate filter is carried out, the heating time is greatly shortened, thereby Energy can be saved.
  • Method is a detection of the as part of the regeneration of the least produced a diesel particulate filter Rußabbrandes about a difference oxygen measurement at the Inlet or outlet side of the diesel particulate filter.
  • This measuring method proves to be very reliable in practice.
  • inventive arrangement are as appropriate means, for example, in front and behind The diesel particulate filter positionable oxygen sensors intended.
  • Method or the inventive arrangement is acting on a two parallel diesel particulate filter Exhaust flow diverted so that a first Diesel particulate filter substantially with the complete Exhaust gas flow is applied and simultaneously with respect to the second diesel particulate filter a closed air circulation is produced.
  • a substantially complete exhaust gas stream in particular shares between 80 and 100% of the total exhaust gas flow.
  • the flap 27 can guarantee, in a first position, that the Discharge lines 26a, 26b in a common discharge line 26 lead. In a second position, the flap 27 adjustable so that the lines 26a or 26b flowing gas (exhaust gas) via a line 30 a Flap 28, in a line 32, a fan 25 and the Flap 24 back into the respective diesel particulate filter 21, 22 can be performed.
  • the first phase of an example is shown by way of example Regeneration of the lower diesel particulate filter 22 shown.
  • the flaps 24 and 27 are set that the entire incoming via the supply line 23 Exhaust gas flow to the upper diesel particulate filter 21, and of this is passed into the discharge line 6. This stream is illustrated by the dashed arrows.
  • the fan 25 must be only a relative promote small mass flow, namely the mass flow, the at the time of the mentioned setting of the flaps 24, 27th and 28 within the diesel particulate filter 22 and the closed conduit system (lines 23b, 26b, 30, 32nd and 31).
  • the maximum to be promoted mass flow here at about 20 kg / h, whereby the pressure drop over the filled with soot Diesel particulate filter 22 is relatively small, typically maximum 50 hPa.
  • the electric heater 22a which expediently as electric heating coil is formed, heats the Diesel particulate filter 22 via radiation injection as well convective via the circulating air flow. There is no air at first exits the system, the heating takes place, as mentioned, very fast.
  • the diesel particulate filter 22 becomes in this mode of operation continue until reaching the ignition temperature of the warmed up soot.
  • the "Durchzünden" of the Diesel soot can be measured by measuring the oxygen consumption due to oxidation within the diesel particulate filter 22 are performed. For this it turns out to be expedient, input side and output side of the Diesel particulate filter 22 lambda sensors 40, 41 provided. It is also possible via appropriate input and output pressure measurements the pressure drop within of the diesel particulate filter. The finding of "Durchzündens" of the diesel soot is finally with a Output-side temperature measurement possible.
  • the temperature of the diesel particulate filter 22 can by Control of the heating power of the electric heater 22a or the delivery volume of the blower 25 controlled become. Furthermore, over the controlled Frischluftzu thanks (by controlling the flap 28) of the Oxygen content of the circulating air and thus the speed the Rußabbrandes be controlled. With these measures can effectively overheat and damage the Diesel particulate filter 22 by the burning of the Diesel soot released combustion enthalpy prevented become.
  • the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter takes place in at least partially closed recirculation independently from the height of the exhaust stream and from Residual oxygen content and pressure level of the exhaust gas stream.
  • One used blower only has the back pressure or the Overcome pressure drop of a diesel particulate filter.
  • the heating time for a diesel particulate filter can be strong be shortened, whereby energy is saved. By the small mass flow in the circulating air circuit as well as the limited Frischluftzutul can despite low electrical Heating power high temperatures in the diesel particulate filter be achieved. This allows the diesel particulate filter also without additive of the diesel fuel be regenerated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de régénération d'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22) dans lequel les gaz d'échappement sont introduits par une conduite d'amenée (23, 23a, 23b) dans l'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22) et sortent de celui-ci par une conduite d'évacuation (26, 26a, 26b), avec un chauffage de ces gaz d'échappement traversant au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22),
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on crie un recyclage d'air fermé, par lequel les gaz d'échappement sortant d'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22) peuvent à nouveau être introduits dans ce filtre, et de l'air ambiant pouvant être ajouté dans le recyclage d'air.
  2. Procédé de régénération selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'air recyclé dans le circuit de recyclage peut être, par régulation ou par commande, extrait de celui-ci par soufflage.
  3. Procédé de régénération selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le débit d'air frais introduit correspond au débit d'air recyclé évacué par soufflage.
  4. Procédé de régénération selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la combustion de suie qui s'effectue dans le cadre de la génération de l'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22), est réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une mesure différentielle de l'oxygène du côté entrée et du côté sortie d'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22).
  5. Procédé de régénération selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comporte au moins deux filtres à particules Diesel (21 ; 22) montés en parallèle, et le courant de gaz d'échappement concernant les deux filtres à particules Diesel est dévié à volonté, de manière que pratiquement tout ce courant de gaz d'échappement est amené au premier filtre à particules Diesel (21), tandis qu'un circuit de recyclage d'air recyclé est formé pour le second filtre à particules Diesel (22).
  6. Procédé de régénération selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la déviation des gaz d'échappement est réalisée par l'intermédiaire de clapets (24 ; 27) montés dans la conduite d'amenée ou de sortie du courant de gaz d'échappement
  7. Système de régénération d'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22), qui est en liaison avec une conduite (23, 23a ; 23, 23b) d'amenée des gaz d'échappement et avec une conduite (26a, 26 ; 26, 26b, 26) d'évacuation des gaz d'échappement, avec des moyens (21a ; 21b) prévus pour chauffer le courant de gaz d'échappement traversant l'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel
    caractérisé en ce que
    le système comporte des moyens (24, 23a, 26a, 27, 30, 28, 32, 25, 31 ; 24, 23b, 26b, 27, 30, 28, 32, 25, 31) pour créer un circuit d'air fermé, par lequel le gaz d'échappement sortant de l'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22) peut être à nouveau introduit dans celui-ci, des moyens (28, 29) sont prévus pour introduire de l'air ambiant dans le circuit de recyclage d'air recyclé.
  8. Système de régénération selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé par
    des moyens (27) pour réaliser un soufflage régulé ou commandé faisant sortir du gaz d'échappement du circuit de recyclage d'air recyclé.
  9. Système de régénération selon la revendication 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé par
    des moyens (40, 41) pour effectuer la mesure différentielle de l'oxygène du côté entrée et du côté sortie d'au moins un filtre à particules Diesel (21 ; 22).
  10. Système de régénération selon une des revendications 7 à 9, dans lequel deux filtres à particules Diesel (21 ; 22) montés en parallèle peuvent être soumis à l'action d'un courant de gaz d'échappement, de manière que pratiquement l'ensemble du courant de gaz d'échappement peut être amené sur un premier filtre à particules Diesel, tandis qu'en ce qui concerne le second filtre à particules Diesel, on peut établir un circuit d'air recyclé fermé, et des clapets (24, 27) peuvent être installés en tant que moyens pour dévier corrélativement les courants de gaz d'échappement dans la conduite d'amenée et dans la conduite de sortie.
EP02776866A 2001-11-29 2002-11-06 Procede et systeme pour la regeneration de filtres a particules diesel Expired - Lifetime EP1451452B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10158569 2001-11-29
DE10158569A DE10158569A1 (de) 2001-11-29 2001-11-29 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Regeneration von Dieselpartikelfiltern
PCT/DE2002/004102 WO2003048535A1 (fr) 2001-11-29 2002-11-06 Procede et systeme pour la regeneration de filtres a particules diesel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1451452A1 EP1451452A1 (fr) 2004-09-01
EP1451452B1 true EP1451452B1 (fr) 2005-06-29

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02776866A Expired - Lifetime EP1451452B1 (fr) 2001-11-29 2002-11-06 Procede et systeme pour la regeneration de filtres a particules diesel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7160355B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1451452B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005511944A (fr)
DE (2) DE10158569A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003048535A1 (fr)

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KR102331446B1 (ko) 2016-04-20 2021-11-26 칼튼 라이프 서포트 시스템즈, 아이엔씨. 온-보드 불활성 가스 생성 공기 분리 모듈 복원 장치 및 방법
CN105885957B (zh) * 2016-05-24 2020-03-31 河南龙成煤高效技术应用有限公司 一种高温脱尘过滤设备、高温脱尘过滤系统及连续脱尘过滤的方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040112218A1 (en) 2004-06-17
JP2005511944A (ja) 2005-04-28
US7160355B2 (en) 2007-01-09
DE10158569A1 (de) 2003-06-12
EP1451452A1 (fr) 2004-09-01
WO2003048535A1 (fr) 2003-06-12
DE50203531D1 (de) 2005-08-04

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