EP1447438B1 - Gazéification avec pré-pyrolyse de biomasse et gazéification additionnelle des gaz - Google Patents

Gazéification avec pré-pyrolyse de biomasse et gazéification additionnelle des gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1447438B1
EP1447438B1 EP03002689.2A EP03002689A EP1447438B1 EP 1447438 B1 EP1447438 B1 EP 1447438B1 EP 03002689 A EP03002689 A EP 03002689A EP 1447438 B1 EP1447438 B1 EP 1447438B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coke
gasification
gas
gases
hot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03002689.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1447438A1 (fr
Inventor
Rüdiger Graf Von Görtz
Ulrich Finger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Von Gortz & Finger Techn Entwicklungs Gesmbh
Original Assignee
Von Gortz & Finger Techn Entwicklungs Gesmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Von Gortz & Finger Techn Entwicklungs Gesmbh filed Critical Von Gortz & Finger Techn Entwicklungs Gesmbh
Priority to EP03002689.2A priority Critical patent/EP1447438B1/fr
Publication of EP1447438A1 publication Critical patent/EP1447438A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1447438B1 publication Critical patent/EP1447438B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/007—Screw type gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/10—Continuous processes using external heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/32—Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed or for stirring up the fuel bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/62—Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943—Coke
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1609—Post-reduction, e.g. on a red-white-hot coke or coal bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/304—Burning pyrosolids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/80—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone
    • F23G2203/801—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone using conveyors
    • F23G2203/8013—Screw conveyors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101—Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a four-pass gasifier in the biomass or similar materials are gasified under oxygen deficiency.
  • the generated gas can be used for the operation of internal combustion engines or gas burners.
  • the present invention is a four-stroke gasifier in which the entire gasification process takes place in four trains.
  • Object of the present invention is to propose a method for producing a high-quality gas from biomass or similar material.
  • the gasification channel is heated to about 200 ° Celsius. Thereafter, industrial coke is fed through the coke screw 15 into the hopper 6. In this case, the check valve 21 is opened by the coke screw 15, driven by the motor 20. The input coke, combined with the heat of the pilot burner, quickly creates a process temperature of over 500 degrees Celsius. After reaching this temperature gasification material is continuously added through the material screw 5, driven by the motor 4, the hopper 6. The entire system is driven until reaching the gasification temperature of about 1000 ° Celsius with excess oxygen. This control takes place via the side channel compressor 22.
  • the side channel compressor 22 sucks in the room air or oxygen enriched air and pushes it into the pipeline system 23.
  • the air enters the gap located in the double-walled coke worm 15 and flows through this gap, which is provided with spur-shaped air baffles, to the starting point 23. This ensures that the coke which is to serve to cool the gas is cooled from the outside in order to simultaneously achieve a hot gasification air.
  • the hot air is passed in an insulated pipe 23, to the individual Einblasstellen.
  • the object of the invention is a fully automatic operation of the four-stroke carburettor.
  • a level indicator 1 is installed in the material reservoir.
  • a screw conveyor is switched, which promotes material via the opened pinch valve 2 into the container 3.
  • the amount of material is determined by the continuously variable drive motor 4.
  • the coke screw drive motor 20 runs only at intervals to transport hot coke charged in cycles through the check valve 21 into the hopper 6.
  • the intervals for the cycle times of the coke screw depend on the outflow temperature of the gas from the coke box 16.
  • a level indicator is installed which controls the screw conveyor for the coke if necessary and at the same time the pinch valve 19 is opened.
  • the entire gasification channel is covered with a high-quality insulation 29 .
  • the entire carburetor unit can be mounted on a base frame and, thanks to its narrow, long and low form, makes it easy to place indoors.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de production d'un gaz à partir de biomasse ou d'un matériau semblable, dans lequel le matériau est pré-pyrolysé par le biais d'une vis sans fin interne (5), caractérisé en ce que le matériau pré-pyrolysé est transporté de manière mécanique dans un canal de gazéification grâce à un moyen hélicoïdal (9) depuis un puits d'alimentation (6) jusqu'à une évacuation des cendres (11) et le processus de gazéification est ensuite poursuivi sur les gaz ainsi produits dans un conduit à gaz chaud interne (12), auquel de la chaleur est apportée depuis l'extérieur, leur conférant ainsi un temps de séjour plus long.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau pré-pyrolysé est transporté dans un canal de gazéification d'au moins 6,00 m de long.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les gaz sont fournis par le biais d'un canal à gaz (13) à une vis sans fin de coke à double paroi (15) et sont refroidis et purifiés dans un procédé à contrecourant par le biais du coke.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le coke industriel chauffé et chargé est fourni à nouveau par intervalles dans le dispositif de gazéification.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la quantité de coke consommée est automatiquement realimentée dans le réservoir de stockage (16).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une régulation de température est prévue dans le dispositif de gazéification, laquelle est réglée automatiquement par le biais de thermocouples (26) et de clapets à billes réglables en continue (28) à partir d'une régulation à logique programmable (27).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen hélicoïdal entraîné est présent à la fin du conduit à gaz chaud (12), lequel achemine à nouveau les éventuels dépôts pouvant se produire dans le gaz chaud vers la sortie, les gaz étant simultanément placés dans un courant tourbillonnaire.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des tôles déflectrices d'air s se trouvent dans l'espace annulaire de la vis sans fin de coke à double paroi (15), lesquels permettent à l'air de gazéification de circuler de manière circonférentielle autour de la vis sans fin de coke interne (15) et, de ce fait, d'obtenir un chemin plus long pour le refroidissement et simultanément pour le réchauffement de l'air de gazéification est obtenu.
EP03002689.2A 2003-02-12 2003-02-12 Gazéification avec pré-pyrolyse de biomasse et gazéification additionnelle des gaz Expired - Lifetime EP1447438B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03002689.2A EP1447438B1 (fr) 2003-02-12 2003-02-12 Gazéification avec pré-pyrolyse de biomasse et gazéification additionnelle des gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03002689.2A EP1447438B1 (fr) 2003-02-12 2003-02-12 Gazéification avec pré-pyrolyse de biomasse et gazéification additionnelle des gaz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1447438A1 EP1447438A1 (fr) 2004-08-18
EP1447438B1 true EP1447438B1 (fr) 2015-07-08

Family

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EP03002689.2A Expired - Lifetime EP1447438B1 (fr) 2003-02-12 2003-02-12 Gazéification avec pré-pyrolyse de biomasse et gazéification additionnelle des gaz

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Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006019452B4 (de) * 2006-04-24 2008-05-08 Rew Regenerative Energie Wirtschaftssysteme Gmbh Biomassevergaser
ATE551414T1 (de) * 2006-06-07 2012-04-15 Ilw Ingeneurbuero Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dampfvergasung von biomasse
ES2734519T3 (es) * 2010-02-16 2019-12-10 Gim Holding Bv Procedimiento y dispositivo para la obtención de carburantes y gases combustibles a partir de sustancias orgánicas
WO2013059792A1 (fr) 2011-10-21 2013-04-25 Therma-Flite, Inc. Système et procédé de gazéification, et système et procédé de traitement des déchets les comprenant
DE102022001817A1 (de) 2022-05-24 2023-11-30 Biomass-to-hydrogen GmbH Verfahren zur Synthesegasgewinnung aus kohlenstoffhaltigen Reststoffen in einem Reaktor mit Helix-förmiger Durchströmung
CN115247084B (zh) * 2022-07-07 2023-11-03 重庆科技学院 基于生物质自热源热解气化的高品质合成气制备系统

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996032163A1 (fr) 1995-04-11 1996-10-17 Moraski Dennis P Systeme et procede de gaseification de matieres solides biodegradables
AU7318696A (en) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-15 Compact Power Limited Production of heat energy from solid carbonaceous fuels
DK200000417A (da) * 2000-03-15 2001-09-16 Cowi Radgivende Ingeniorer As Fremgangsmåde og anlæg til dekomposition, forgasning og/eller forbrænding af fugtigt brændsel.
EP1323810A1 (fr) 2001-12-12 2003-07-02 von Görtz & Finger Techn. Entwicklungs Ges.m.b.H. Installation de gazéification à tubes doubles

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