EP1442806A1 - Apparatus for hydroforming a hollow body - Google Patents

Apparatus for hydroforming a hollow body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1442806A1
EP1442806A1 EP04290264A EP04290264A EP1442806A1 EP 1442806 A1 EP1442806 A1 EP 1442806A1 EP 04290264 A EP04290264 A EP 04290264A EP 04290264 A EP04290264 A EP 04290264A EP 1442806 A1 EP1442806 A1 EP 1442806A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
tool
hollow body
hydroforming
parts
Prior art date
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Granted
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EP04290264A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1442806B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Chopard
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HYDROPROCESS
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Bourgogne Hydro Technologie
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Publication of EP1442806A1 publication Critical patent/EP1442806A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/039—Means for controlling the clamping or opening of the moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for forming a metallic hollow body or the like by the introduction inside said hollow body of a fluid under high pressure according to a process known as hydroforming.
  • the pressure of the hydroforming fluid can reach 6000 bars, the tools of these devices are particularly bulky in order to withstand the efforts pressure induced inside the mold.
  • the tool is fixed and positioned under the press, the press frame as a whole being fitted with one or more cylinders for closing the tooling, so that said built is also very bulky which requires a major civil engineering which considerably increases the cost of these devices and ultimately hydroformed parts.
  • the device is made up a fixed top hat and a fixed bottom base defining between them a hydroforming space intended for receive a mold assembly including a tray lower and upper plateau, both globally rectangular.
  • the lower base of the device includes guidance extending from the hydroforming space to a loading-unloading position, and possibly preforming, located outside said hydroforming area.
  • the device includes, for elsewhere, means for moving the mold in order to move from its loading-unloading position to its hydroforming position in space hydroforming which has just a height greater than that of the mold assembly.
  • Said mandrel is suitable for being positioned at the inside of the tubular part to be formed, placed itself inside the tool which has a recess globally cylindrical central when the different tool parts are assembled.
  • the source of fluid. under pressure is connected to the mandrel placed inside of the tubular part to be formed.
  • This type of device has the disadvantage of not not allow the forming of parts of complex shapes, parts to be able to accommodate the mandrel.
  • One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy all these disadvantages by proposing a device hydroforming of simple and inexpensive design to optimize the tools and reduce the size of these devices.
  • a device for forming a hollow body metallic or the like by introduction inside said hollow body of a fluid under high pressure comprising on the one hand, at least one tool consisting of at least two parts respectively provided with a draft and suitable for accommodate the metal hollow body to be formed, and other share a frame consisting of a hollow part open to at minus one of its ends and able to accommodate the tool, said tool being introduced into the frame by translation along the axis of said frame;
  • the piece hollow of revolution forming the frame is open to both ends to allow introduction alternately two tools, identical or not, on one side and then the other of said frame.
  • the device for forming a metallic hollow body or the like comprises a frame 1 consisting of a cylindrical part comprising a concentric cylindrical central recess 2 capable of accommodating a tool 3 consisting of two semi-cylindrical mold parts 3 a , 3 b .
  • Each semi-cylindrical part 3 a , 3 b comprises a draft 4 a , 4 b capable of accommodating a cylindrical metallic hollow body 5, for example, the shape of the drafts 4 a , 4 b corresponding to the shape of the part that is desired obtain, when the two parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3 are assembled, as indicated by the arrows a in FIG. 1.
  • the tool 3 After having positioned the metallic hollow body 5 in the undercuts 4 a , 4 b of the parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3 which has been joined, by means, for example of jacks not shown in the figures, the tool 3 which then has a cylindrical shape is introduced into the central cylindrical recess 2 of the frame 1 by translation along the axis of revolution A, shown in dotted lines in Figure 1, of said frame 1.
  • the tool 3 further comprises an inlet channel 6 extending from a first end of said tool 3 and opening into the volume delimited by the bodies 4 a , 4 b of said tool 3 and an outlet channel 7 extending from the opposite end of said tool 3 and opening into said volume delimited by the bodies 4 a , 4 b of the tool 3.
  • a pressurized fluid called fluid d hydroforming is introduced through the inlet channel 6 inside the hollow body 5 positioned in the tool 3, the outlet channel 7 being closed by closing means, not shown in the figure.
  • Supply means 8 supply the hydroforming fluid at a hydroforming pressure P1 of up to 6000 bars.
  • the outlet channel 7 is open to allow the hydroforming fluid introduced into the tool 3 to escape, as indicated by arrow c.
  • said movement for closing the tool 3 can be accompanied various preforming functions of the metal hollow body 5 with or without pressurized fluid, such as, for example, stamping, elongation of the hollow body, etc.
  • the tool 3 comprises more of two parts thus forming several joint planes, at at least two separate joint planes, which allow hydroforming parts with complex shapes.
  • a tool 3 comprising n parts, n being a integer preferably greater than two, present n-1 joint plans.
  • the devices of the prior art comprising a hydraulic press have a single joint plane which prevents demolding of the hydroformed part which can only be carried out according to a single plan, the production of parts of complex shapes.
  • the devices of the art front can obviously include drawers retractable housed in the tool, which strikes considerably the manufacturing costs of these tooling.
  • the different parts of the tool 3 according to the invention include advantageously internal means such as locks in order to join two adjacent parts of the tool 3, punches or the like, driven by means of external control for the realization of forms special.
  • the parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3 comprise hydrostatic compensation means consisting of a recess 9 a and 9 b respectively practiced on the outer surface of parts 3 a and respectively 3 b of the tool 3, said recesses 9 a , 9 b forming with the inner wall of the frame 1 a chamber 10 a , 10 b supplied with fluid under pressure, at a pressure P2 and respectively P3, the pressures P2 and P3 being identical or not, by a channel 11 a and respectively 11 b formed in said frame 1.
  • the chambers 10 a , 10 b are supplied with fluid under pressure by supply means 12 a and respectively 12 b which are independent of the means for supplying pressurized fluid introduced inside the hollow body 5 positioned in the tool 3.
  • the supply channels 11 a , 11 b , of the chambers of the hydrostatic compensation means 10 a , 10 b can be formed in parts 3 a and 3 b of the tool 3 without thereby departing from the scope of the 'invention.
  • Each chamber 10 a , 10 b of the hydrostatic compensation means advantageously comprises a coating consisting of a membrane 13 a and respectively 13 b of hermetic synthetic material filling said chamber 10 a or 10 b in a similar manner to a balloon in order to ensure the sealing of said chamber 10 a , 10 b .
  • the tool 3 comprises three parts 3 a , 3 b , 3 c consisting respectively in a cylinder section respectively provided with a draft 4 a , 4 b , 4 c able to receive the metallic hollow body 5 to be formed, the frame 1 having, in the same manner as above, a cylindrical shape comprising a central recess 2 also cylindrical. It will thus be observed that the central recess 2 of the frame 1 which has a circular section provides a perfect distribution of the hydrostatic pressures represented by the arrows d, the hydrostatic pressure which is applied to the interior wall of the frame 1 being radial, during the hydroforming of the hollow body 5.
  • the frame 1 can consist of a hollow part of revolution of any section having also a central section recess any, such as, for example, ovoid, rectangular, etc ...; the tool then having a section identical to the section of the central recess 2 of the frame 1, without as well go beyond the scope of the invention.
  • the frame 1 consists of a cylindrical part comprising a central frustoconical recess, the tool 3 then also having a shape truncated.
  • the latter consists of a frame 1 of generally parallelepiped shape having a central recess 2 frustoconical in section in the shape of a regular hexagon, c 'is to say a central recess 2 of section in the shape of a regular hexagon whose section narrows from its upper end to its bottom, said central recess 2 being oriented upwards.
  • the central recess 2 of the frame 1 is suitable for receiving a tool 3 consisting of two parts 3 a and 3 b respectively provided with a draft 4 a , 4 b in which the metal hollow body 5 to be formed is positioned.
  • the device further comprises a tubular structure 14 consisting of uprights 15 of cross members 16 and side members 17 extending above the frame 1 and carrying pipes 18 for supplying pressurized fluid connected to a generator of pressurized fluid 19 controlled by a control panel 20.
  • the tool 3 is introduced by vertical translation into the central recess 2 of the frame 1 by moving the frame 1 up along the uprights 15 of the structure 14 by means of hydraulic cylinders by example, not shown in FIG. 4.
  • the remains 4 a , 4 b of the tool 3 can include drawing means, such as an undercut for example, which stamps the hollow body 5 during introduction of the tool 3 in the recess 2 of the frame.
  • pressurized water is introduced into the hollow body 5 during said pre-forming, the pressure of the water preferably being slightly lower. to the pressure exerted by the undercut on the hollow body 5.
  • tool 3 can be introduced. in the central recess 2 of the frame 1 fixed by a vertical translation of said tool 3 by means of jacks without going beyond the ambit of the invention.
  • central recess 2 of frame 1 can have a regular polygon section or irregular.
  • the frame 1, the central recess 2, the tool 3 include sealing means not shown in the figures as well as sensors positioned in particular in the undercuts 4 a , 4 b of the tool 3 so to measure the pressures, without departing from the scope of the invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a tool (3) made up of two parts (3a,3b) respectively equipped with a taper (4a,4b) to accommodate a hollow metallic body (5) to be formed. The tools are introduced into a frame (1) by a translational motion along a rotating axis (A) of the frame. The frame includes a hollow body pre-forming unit at a time of closing movement of the tool parts.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour le formage d'un corps creux métallique ou analogue par l'introduction à l'intérieur dudit corps creux d'un fluide sous haute pression suivant un procédé dit d'hydroformage.The present invention relates to a device for forming a metallic hollow body or the like by the introduction inside said hollow body of a fluid under high pressure according to a process known as hydroforming.

Dans le domaine des dispositif d'hydroformage de corps creux métalliques notamment, communément appelés cellules d'hydroformage, on connaít bien des dispositifs constitués d'un outillage comprenant un moule en deux parties entre lesquelles est positionné le corps creux à former, ledit moule étant positionné sous une presse pour compenser la pression hydrostatique du fluide introduit à l'intérieur du corps creux.In the field of hydroforming devices metallic hollow bodies in particular, commonly called hydroforming cells, we know many devices consisting of a tool comprising a mold in two parts between which the hollow body is positioned at forming, said mold being positioned under a press to compensate for the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid introduced to inside the hollow body.

La pression du fluide d'hydroformage pouvant atteindre 6000 bars, les outillages de ces dispositifs sont particulièrement volumineux afin de résister aux efforts induits par la pression s'exerçant à l'intérieur du moule. De manière classique l'outillage est fixe et positionné sous la presse, le bâti de la presse de forme globalement parallélépipédique étant muni d'un ou plusieurs vérins pour assurer la fermeture de l'outillage, de sorte que ledit bâti est également très volumineux ce qui nécessite un génie civil important qui grève considérablement le coût de ces dispositifs et in fine des pièces hydroformées.The pressure of the hydroforming fluid can reach 6000 bars, the tools of these devices are particularly bulky in order to withstand the efforts pressure induced inside the mold. Conventionally, the tool is fixed and positioned under the press, the press frame as a whole being fitted with one or more cylinders for closing the tooling, so that said built is also very bulky which requires a major civil engineering which considerably increases the cost of these devices and ultimately hydroformed parts.

Afin de limiter l'encombrement de ces dispositifs, on a déjà imaginés des dispositifs comprenant un outillage mobile qui permet de charger la pièce à former dans le moule à l'extérieur du bâti de presse ; c'est le cas par exemple du brevet européen EP 0 686 440 décrivant un dispositif pour hydroformage. Le dispositif est constitué d'un chapeau supérieur fixe et une base inférieure fixe définissant entre eux un espace d'hydroformage destiné à recevoir un ensemble de moule comprenant un plateau inférieur et un plateau supérieur, tous deux globalement rectangulaires. La base inférieure du dispositif comprend un guidage s'étendant depuis l'espace d'hydroformage jusqu'à une position de chargement-déchargement, et éventuellement de préformage, située à l'extérieur dudit espace d'hydroformage. Le dispositif comprend, par ailleurs, des moyens de déplacement du moule afin de le déplacer depuis sa position de chargement-déchargement jusqu'à sa position d'hydroformage dans l'espace d'hydroformage qui présente une hauteur tout juste supérieure à celle de l'ensemble de moule.In order to limit the size of these devices, we has already imagined devices including a tool mobile which allows the workpiece to be loaded into the mold on the outside of the press frame; this is the case with example of European patent EP 0 686 440 describing a hydroforming device. The device is made up a fixed top hat and a fixed bottom base defining between them a hydroforming space intended for receive a mold assembly including a tray lower and upper plateau, both globally rectangular. The lower base of the device includes guidance extending from the hydroforming space to a loading-unloading position, and possibly preforming, located outside said hydroforming area. The device includes, for elsewhere, means for moving the mold in order to move from its loading-unloading position to its hydroforming position in space hydroforming which has just a height greater than that of the mold assembly.

Bien que ce type de dispositif présente un volume et un poids moindre que les dispositifs d'hydroformage à chargement sous presse, leur encombrement reste néanmoins trop important.Although this type of device has a volume and less weight than hydroforming devices loading in press, their size nevertheless remains too important.

Afin de remédier à cet inconvénient, on à déjà imaginé des dispositifs pour le formage d'un corps creux métallique ou analogue par l'introduction à l'intérieur dudit corps creux d'un fluide sous haute pression suivant un procédé dit « d'hydroformage » comprenant un bâti constitué d'une pièce creuse ouverte apte à accueillir l'outillage, ledit outillage étant introduit dans le bâti par translation le long de l'axe de révolution dudit bâti. C'est le cas, par exemple, du brevet américain US 6 305 204 décrivant un dispositif d'hydroformage de pièces tubulaires. Ce dispositif comprend une source de fluide sous pression, un bâti cylindrique comprenant un évidement central cylindrique, une pièce tubulaire à former et un outillage comprenant une ou plusieurs parties dans lequel est apte à être introduit un mandrin globalement cylindrique. Ledit mandrin est apte à être positionné à l'intérieur de la pièce tubulaire à former elle-même placée à l'intérieur de l'outillage qui présente un évidement central globalement cylindrique lorsque les différentes pièces de l'outillage sont assemblées. La source de fluide. sous pression est connectée au mandrin placé à l'intérieur de la pièce tubulaire à former.In order to remedy this drawback, we have already imagined devices for forming a hollow body metallic or the like by introduction inside said hollow body of a fluid under high pressure according to a process called "hydroforming" comprising a frame consisting of an open hollow part able to accommodate the tool, said tool being introduced into the frame by translation along the axis of revolution of said frame. This is the case, for example, of US patent US 6,305,204 describing a hydroforming device for parts tubular. This device includes a source of fluid under pressure, a cylindrical frame comprising a recess cylindrical central, a tubular part to be formed and a tool comprising one or more parts in which is able to be inserted globally cylindrical. Said mandrel is suitable for being positioned at the inside of the tubular part to be formed, placed itself inside the tool which has a recess globally cylindrical central when the different tool parts are assembled. The source of fluid. under pressure is connected to the mandrel placed inside of the tubular part to be formed.

Ce type de dispositif présente l'inconvénient de ne pas permettre le formage de pièces de formes complexes, les pièces devant être aptes à accueillir le mandrin.This type of device has the disadvantage of not not allow the forming of parts of complex shapes, parts to be able to accommodate the mandrel.

L'un des buts de l'invention est donc de remédier à tous ces inconvénients en proposant un dispositif d'hydroformage de conception simple et peu onéreuse permettant d'optimiser les outillages et de réduire l'encombrement de ces dispositifs.One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy all these disadvantages by proposing a device hydroforming of simple and inexpensive design to optimize the tools and reduce the size of these devices.

A cet effet et conformément à l'invention, il est proposé un dispositif pour le formage d'un corps creux métallique ou analogue par l'introduction à l'intérieur dudit corps creux d'un fluide sous haute pression suivant un procédé dit d'hydroformage, ledit dispositif comportant d'une part, au moins un outillage constitué d'au moins deux parties respectivement munies d'une dépouille et aptes à accueillir le corps creux métallique à former, et d'autre part un bâti constitué d'une pièce creuse ouverte à au moins l'une de ses extrémités et apte à accueillir l'outillage, ledit outillage étant introduit dans le bâti par translation le long de l'axe dudit bâti ; ce dispositif est remarquable en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de préformage du corps creux lors du mouvement de fermeture des parties de l'outillage.To this end and in accordance with the invention, it is proposed a device for forming a hollow body metallic or the like by introduction inside said hollow body of a fluid under high pressure according to a process known as hydroforming, said device comprising on the one hand, at least one tool consisting of at least two parts respectively provided with a draft and suitable for accommodate the metal hollow body to be formed, and other share a frame consisting of a hollow part open to at minus one of its ends and able to accommodate the tool, said tool being introduced into the frame by translation along the axis of said frame; these measures is remarkable in that it includes means of preforming of the hollow body during the closing movement parts of the tooling.

On comprend bien que contrairement aux dispositifs d'hydroformage de l'art antérieur où les contraintes induites par la pression d'hydroformage étaient reprises par deux plateaux parallèles maintenus en position par une presse hydraulique, les contraintes induites par la pression d'hydroformage sont uniformément réparties sur la paroi intérieure du bâti, lesdites contraintes étant radiales à l'axe de révolution dudit bâti, ce qui permet de réduire considérablement les dimensions d'un tel bâti. De plus, il n'est plus nécessaire de préformer la pièce dans des machines-outils spécifiques préalablement à l'hydroformage.We understand that unlike the devices hydroforming of the prior art where the constraints induced by hydroforming pressure were taken up by two parallel plates held in position by a hydraulic press, the stresses induced by the hydroforming pressures are evenly distributed over the inner wall of the frame, said constraints being radial to the axis of revolution of said frame, which allows considerably reduce the dimensions of such a frame. Of more, it is no longer necessary to preform the part in specific machine tools prior to hydroforming.

De manière particulièrement avantageuse, la pièce creuse de révolution formant le bâti est ouverte à ses deux extrémités afin de permettre l'introduction alternativement de deux outillages, identiques ou non, d'un côté puis de l'autre dudit bâti.Particularly advantageously, the piece hollow of revolution forming the frame is open to both ends to allow introduction alternately two tools, identical or not, on one side and then the other of said frame.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre de plusieurs variantes d'exécution données à titre d'exemples non limitatifs du dispositif pour le formage d'un corps creux métallique conforme à l'invention en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique en coupe longitudinale du dispositif d'hydroformage conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une représentation schématique en coupe transversale du dispositif d'hydroformage suivant l'invention représenté sur la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une représentation schématique en coupe longitudinale d'une variante d'exécution du dispositif d'hydroformage suivant l'invention.
  • la figure 4 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'une variante d'exécution du dispositif d'hydroformage selon l'invention.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of several variant embodiments given by way of nonlimiting examples of the device for forming a metallic hollow body in accordance with the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. which :
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of the hydroforming device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation in cross section of the hydroforming device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of an alternative embodiment of the hydroforming device according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic perspective representation of an alternative embodiment of the hydroforming device according to the invention.

En référence à la figure 1, le dispositif pour le formage d'un corps creux métallique ou analogue conforme à l'invention comprend un bâti 1 consistant dans une pièce cylindrique comportant un évidement central cylindrique concentrique 2 apte à accueillir un outillage 3 constitué de deux parties de moule hémicylindriques 3a,3b. Chaque partie hémicylindrique 3a,3b comprend une dépouille 4a,4b apte à accueillir un corps creux métallique cylindrique 5, par exemple, la forme des dépouilles 4a, 4b correspondant à la forme de la pièce que l'on souhaite obtenir, lorsque les deux parties 3a, 3b de l'outillage 3 sont assemblées, comme l'indique les flèches a de la figure 1. Après avoir positionné le corps creux métallique 5 dans les dépouilles 4a, 4b des parties 3a, 3b de l'outillage 3 que l'on a joint, au moyen, par exemple de vérins non représentés sur les figures, l'outillage 3 qui présente alors une forme cylindrique est introduit dans l'évidement central cylindrique 2 du bâti 1 par translation le long de l'axe de révolution A, représenté en traits pointillés sur la figure 1, dudit bâti 1. L'outillage 3 comprend, par ailleurs, un canal d'entrée 6 s'étendant depuis une première extrémité dudit outillage 3 et débouchant dans le volume délimité par les dépouilles 4a, 4b dudit outillage 3 et un canal de sortie 7 s'étendant depuis l'extrémité opposée dudit outillage 3 et débouchant dans ledit volume délimité par les dépouilles 4a, 4b de l'outillage 3. Un fluide sous pression dit fluide d'hydroformage est introduit par le canal d'entrée 6 à l'intérieur du corps creux 5 positionné dans l'outillage 3, le canal de sortie 7 étant obturé par des moyens de fermeture, non représentés sur la figure. Des moyens d'alimentation 8 fournissent le fluide d'hydroformage à une pression d'hydroformage P1 pouvant atteindre 6000 bars.With reference to FIG. 1, the device for forming a metallic hollow body or the like according to the invention comprises a frame 1 consisting of a cylindrical part comprising a concentric cylindrical central recess 2 capable of accommodating a tool 3 consisting of two semi-cylindrical mold parts 3 a , 3 b . Each semi-cylindrical part 3 a , 3 b comprises a draft 4 a , 4 b capable of accommodating a cylindrical metallic hollow body 5, for example, the shape of the drafts 4 a , 4 b corresponding to the shape of the part that is desired obtain, when the two parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3 are assembled, as indicated by the arrows a in FIG. 1. After having positioned the metallic hollow body 5 in the undercuts 4 a , 4 b of the parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3 which has been joined, by means, for example of jacks not shown in the figures, the tool 3 which then has a cylindrical shape is introduced into the central cylindrical recess 2 of the frame 1 by translation along the axis of revolution A, shown in dotted lines in Figure 1, of said frame 1. The tool 3 further comprises an inlet channel 6 extending from a first end of said tool 3 and opening into the volume delimited by the bodies 4 a , 4 b of said tool 3 and an outlet channel 7 extending from the opposite end of said tool 3 and opening into said volume delimited by the bodies 4 a , 4 b of the tool 3. A pressurized fluid called fluid d hydroforming is introduced through the inlet channel 6 inside the hollow body 5 positioned in the tool 3, the outlet channel 7 being closed by closing means, not shown in the figure. Supply means 8 supply the hydroforming fluid at a hydroforming pressure P1 of up to 6000 bars.

Après le formage du corps creux métallique 5, le canal de sortie 7 est ouvert pour permettre l'échappement du fluide d'hydroformage introduit dans l'outillage 3, comme l'indique la flèche c. After the metal hollow body 5 has been formed, the outlet channel 7 is open to allow the hydroforming fluid introduced into the tool 3 to escape, as indicated by arrow c.

De manière particulièrement avantageuse, en référence à la figure 1, lors du mouvement de fermeture des parties 3a, 3b de l'outillage 3, comme l'indique les flèches a, ledit mouvement de fermeture de l'outillage 3 peut être accompagné de diverses fonctions de préformage du corps creux métallique 5 avec ou sans fluide sous pression, tel que, par exemple, un emboutissage, un allongement du corps creux, etc ...Particularly advantageously, with reference to FIG. 1, during the closing movement of the parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3, as indicated by the arrows a , said movement for closing the tool 3 can be accompanied various preforming functions of the metal hollow body 5 with or without pressurized fluid, such as, for example, stamping, elongation of the hollow body, etc.

Selon une première variante d'exécution particulièrement avantageuse, l'outillage 3 comprend plus de deux parties formant ainsi plusieurs plans de joints, au moins deux plans de joints distincts, qui permettent de réaliser l'hydroformage de pièces de formes complexes. On notera qu'un outillage 3 comprenant n parties, n étant un nombre entier de préférence supérieur à deux, présente n-1 plans de joint. De plus, on observera que les dispositifs de l'art antérieur comprenant une presse hydraulique présentent un seul plan de joint qui empêche, le démoulage de la pièce hydroformée ne pouvant s'effectuer que suivant un seul plan, la réalisation de pièces de formes complexes. Afin de palier cet inconvénient, les dispositifs de l'art antérieur peuvent bien évidemment comprendre des tiroirs escamotables logés dans l'outillage, ce qui grève considérablement les coûts de fabrication de ces outillages. According to a first variant of execution particularly advantageous, the tool 3 comprises more of two parts thus forming several joint planes, at at least two separate joint planes, which allow hydroforming parts with complex shapes. We note that a tool 3 comprising n parts, n being a integer preferably greater than two, present n-1 joint plans. In addition, it will be observed that the devices of the prior art comprising a hydraulic press have a single joint plane which prevents demolding of the hydroformed part which can only be carried out according to a single plan, the production of parts of complex shapes. In order to overcome this drawback, the devices of the art front can obviously include drawers retractable housed in the tool, which strikes considerably the manufacturing costs of these tooling.

Par ailleurs, les différentes parties de l'outillage 3 suivant l'invention comprennent avantageusement des moyens internes tels que des verrous afin de joindre deux parties de l'outillage 3 adjacentes, des poinçons ou similaires, pilotés par des moyens de commande extérieurs pour la réalisation de formes particulières.Furthermore, the different parts of the tool 3 according to the invention include advantageously internal means such as locks in order to join two adjacent parts of the tool 3, punches or the like, driven by means of external control for the realization of forms special.

Selon une caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse du dispositif conforme à l'invention, en référence à la figure 1, les parties 3a, 3b de l'outillage 3 comprennent des moyens de compensation hydrostatique consistant dans un creux 9a et respectivement 9b pratiqués sur la surface extérieure des parties 3a et respectivement 3b de l'outillage 3, lesdits creux 9a, 9b formant avec la paroi intérieure du bâti 1 une chambre 10a, 10b alimentée en fluide sous pression, à une pression P2 et respectivement P3, les pressions P2 et P3 étant identiques ou non, par un canal 11a et respectivement 11b pratiqué dans ledit bâti 1. Les chambres 10a, 10b sont alimentées en fluide sous pression par des moyens d'alimentation 12a et respectivement 12b qui sont indépendants des moyens d'alimentation en fluide sous pression introduits à l'intérieur du corps creux 5 positionné dans l'outillage 3.According to a particularly advantageous characteristic of the device according to the invention, with reference to FIG. 1, the parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3 comprise hydrostatic compensation means consisting of a recess 9 a and 9 b respectively practiced on the outer surface of parts 3 a and respectively 3 b of the tool 3, said recesses 9 a , 9 b forming with the inner wall of the frame 1 a chamber 10 a , 10 b supplied with fluid under pressure, at a pressure P2 and respectively P3, the pressures P2 and P3 being identical or not, by a channel 11 a and respectively 11 b formed in said frame 1. The chambers 10 a , 10 b are supplied with fluid under pressure by supply means 12 a and respectively 12 b which are independent of the means for supplying pressurized fluid introduced inside the hollow body 5 positioned in the tool 3.

Il est bien évident que les moyens d'alimentation en fluide sous pression des moyens de compensation hydrostatiques peuvent assurer l'alimentation en fluide sous pression introduit à l'intérieur du corps creux 5 positionné dans l'outillage 3.It is quite obvious that the means of supplying fluid under pressure compensation means hydrostatic can supply fluid under pressure introduced inside the hollow body 5 positioned in the tool 3.

Par ailleurs, les canaux d'alimentation 11a, 11b, des chambres des moyens de compensation hydrostatiques 10a, 10b peuvent être pratiqués dans les parties 3a et 3b de l'outillage 3 sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.Furthermore, the supply channels 11 a , 11 b , of the chambers of the hydrostatic compensation means 10 a , 10 b can be formed in parts 3 a and 3 b of the tool 3 without thereby departing from the scope of the 'invention.

Chaque chambre 10a, 10b des moyens de compensation hydrostatiques comprend avantageusement un revêtement consistant dans une membrane 13a et respectivement 13b en matériau synthétique hermétique remplissant ladite chambre 10a ou 10b de manière analogue à un ballon afin d'assurer l'étanchéité de ladite chambre 10a, 10b.Each chamber 10 a , 10 b of the hydrostatic compensation means advantageously comprises a coating consisting of a membrane 13 a and respectively 13 b of hermetic synthetic material filling said chamber 10 a or 10 b in a similar manner to a balloon in order to ensure the sealing of said chamber 10 a , 10 b .

Il est bien évident que seule l'une des parties 3a, 3b de l'outillage 3 peut comprendre des moyens de compensation hydrostatiques sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that only one of the parts 3 a , 3 b of the tool 3 can comprise hydrostatic compensation means without departing from the scope of the invention.

Selon une variante d'exécution du dispositif conforme à l'invention, en référence à la figure 2, l'outillage 3 comprend trois parties 3a, 3b, 3c consistant respectivement dans une section de cylindre respectivement munie d'une dépouille 4a, 4b, 4c apte à accueillir le corps creux métallique 5 à former, le bâti 1 présentant de la même manière que précédemment une forme cylindrique comportant un évidement central 2 également cylindrique. On observera ainsi que l'évidement central 2 du bâti 1 qui présente une section circulaire procure une parfaite répartition des pressions hydrostatiques représentées par les flèches d, la pression hydrostatique qui s'applique sur la paroi intérieure du bâti 1 étant radiale, lors de l'hydroformage du corps creux 5.According to an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, with reference to Figure 2, the tool 3 comprises three parts 3 a , 3 b , 3 c consisting respectively in a cylinder section respectively provided with a draft 4 a , 4 b , 4 c able to receive the metallic hollow body 5 to be formed, the frame 1 having, in the same manner as above, a cylindrical shape comprising a central recess 2 also cylindrical. It will thus be observed that the central recess 2 of the frame 1 which has a circular section provides a perfect distribution of the hydrostatic pressures represented by the arrows d, the hydrostatic pressure which is applied to the interior wall of the frame 1 being radial, during the hydroforming of the hollow body 5.

Il est bien évident que le bâti 1 peut consister dans une pièce creuse de révolution de section quelconque comportant un évidement central de section également quelconque, telle que, par exemple, ovoïde, rectangulaire, etc ...; l'outillage présentant alors une section identique à la section de l'évidement central 2 du bâti 1, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that the frame 1 can consist of a hollow part of revolution of any section having also a central section recess any, such as, for example, ovoid, rectangular, etc ...; the tool then having a section identical to the section of the central recess 2 of the frame 1, without as well go beyond the scope of the invention.

Par ailleurs, selon une autre variante d'exécution du dispositif conforme à l'invention, en référence à la figure 3, le bâti 1 consiste dans une pièce cylindrique comportant un évidement central de forme tronconique, l'outillage 3 présentant alors une forme également tronconique.Furthermore, according to another alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, with reference to the Figure 3, the frame 1 consists of a cylindrical part comprising a central frustoconical recess, the tool 3 then also having a shape truncated.

Selon une dernière variante d'exécution du dispositif suivant l'invention, en référence à la figure 4, ce dernier est constitué d'un bâti 1 de forme globalement parallélépipédique comportant un évidement central 2 tronconique de section en forme d'hexagone régulier, c'est-à-dire un évidement central 2 de section en forme d'hexagone régulier dont la section se rétrécie depuis son extrémité supérieure jusqu'à son fond, ledit évidement central 2 étant orienté vers le haut. L'évidement central 2 du bâti 1 est apte à recevoir un outillage 3 constitué de deux parties 3a et 3b respectivement munies d'une dépouille 4a, 4b dans laquelle est positionné le corps creux métallique 5 à former. Le dispositif comprend, par ailleurs, une structure tubulaire 14 constituée de montants 15 de traverses 16 et de longerons 17 s'étendant au dessus du bâti 1 et portant des tuyaux 18 d'alimentation en fluide sous pression connectés à un générateur de fluide sous pression 19 piloté par un tableau de commande 20. L'outillage 3 est introduit par translation verticale dans l'évidement central 2 du bâti 1 en déplaçant vers le haut le bâti 1 le long des montants 15 de la structure 14 au moyen de vérins hydrauliques par exemple, non représentés sur la figure 4. Les dépouilles 4a, 4b de l'outillage 3 peuvent comprendre des moyens d'emboutissage, tels qu'une contre-dépouille par exemple, qui emboutit le corps creux 5 lors de l'introduction de l'outillage 3 dans l'évidement 2 du bâti. Afin d'éviter toute détérioration dudit corps creux 5 lors de son pré-formage par emboutissage, de l'eau sous pression est introduite dans le corps creux 5 au cours dudit pré-formage, la pression de l'eau étant de préférence légèrement inférieure à la pression exercée par la contre dépouille sur le corps creux 5.According to a last alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, with reference to FIG. 4, the latter consists of a frame 1 of generally parallelepiped shape having a central recess 2 frustoconical in section in the shape of a regular hexagon, c 'is to say a central recess 2 of section in the shape of a regular hexagon whose section narrows from its upper end to its bottom, said central recess 2 being oriented upwards. The central recess 2 of the frame 1 is suitable for receiving a tool 3 consisting of two parts 3 a and 3 b respectively provided with a draft 4 a , 4 b in which the metal hollow body 5 to be formed is positioned. The device further comprises a tubular structure 14 consisting of uprights 15 of cross members 16 and side members 17 extending above the frame 1 and carrying pipes 18 for supplying pressurized fluid connected to a generator of pressurized fluid 19 controlled by a control panel 20. The tool 3 is introduced by vertical translation into the central recess 2 of the frame 1 by moving the frame 1 up along the uprights 15 of the structure 14 by means of hydraulic cylinders by example, not shown in FIG. 4. The remains 4 a , 4 b of the tool 3 can include drawing means, such as an undercut for example, which stamps the hollow body 5 during introduction of the tool 3 in the recess 2 of the frame. In order to avoid any deterioration of said hollow body 5 during its pre-forming by stamping, pressurized water is introduced into the hollow body 5 during said pre-forming, the pressure of the water preferably being slightly lower. to the pressure exerted by the undercut on the hollow body 5.

Il va de soi que l'outillage 3 peut être introduit dans l'évidement central 2 du bâti 1 fixe par une translation verticale dudit outillage 3 au moyen de vérins hydrauliques sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It goes without saying that tool 3 can be introduced. in the central recess 2 of the frame 1 fixed by a vertical translation of said tool 3 by means of jacks without going beyond the ambit of the invention.

Par ailleurs, il va de soi que l'évidement central 2 du bâti 1 peut présenter une section de polygone régulier ou irrégulier.Furthermore, it goes without saying that the central recess 2 of frame 1 can have a regular polygon section or irregular.

Il est bien évident que le bâti 1, l'évidement central 2, l'outillage 3 comprennent des moyens d'étanchéité non représentés sur les figures ainsi que des capteurs positionnés notamment dans les dépouilles 4a, 4b de l'outillage 3 afin de mesurer les pressions, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that the frame 1, the central recess 2, the tool 3 include sealing means not shown in the figures as well as sensors positioned in particular in the undercuts 4 a , 4 b of the tool 3 so to measure the pressures, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Enfin, il est bien évident que les exemples que l'on vient de donner ne sont que des illustrations particulières, en aucun cas limitatives quant aux domaines d'application de l'invention.Finally, it is quite obvious that the examples that we just gave are just illustrations particular, in no way limiting as to the areas of application of the invention.

Claims (13)

Dispositif pour le formage d'un corps creux métallique (5) ou analogue par l'introduction à l'intérieur dudit corps creux (5) d'un fluide sous haute pression suivant un procédé dit d'hydroformage, ledit dispositif comportant d'une part, au moins un outillage (3) constitué d'au moins deux parties (3a, 3b) respectivement munies d'une dépouille (4a, 4b) et aptes à accueillir le corps creux métallique (5) à former, et d'autre part un bâti (1) constitué d'une pièce de révolution creuse ouverte à au moins l'une de ses extrémités et apte à accueillir l'outillage (3), ledit outillage (3) étant introduit dans le bâti (1) par translation le long de l'axe de révolution (A) dudit bâti (1) caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de préformage du corps creux (15) lors du mouvement de fermeture des parties (3a, 3b) de l'outillage (3).Device for forming a metallic hollow body (5) or the like by introducing into said hollow body (5) a fluid under high pressure according to a process known as hydroforming, said device comprising a part, at least one tool (3) consisting of at least two parts (3 a , 3 b ) respectively provided with a draft (4 a , 4 b ) and able to receive the metallic hollow body (5) to be formed, and on the other hand a frame (1) consisting of a hollow part of revolution open at at least one of its ends and capable of accommodating the tool (3), said tool (3) being introduced into the frame ( 1) by translation along the axis of revolution (A) of said frame (1) characterized in that it comprises means for preforming the hollow body (15) during the closing movement of the parts (3 a , 3 b ) of the tools (3). Dispositif suivant la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que les moyens de préformage consistent en des moyens d'emboutissage du corps creux (15).Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the preforming means consist of means for stamping the hollow body (15). Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de préformage consistent en des moyens d'allongement du corps creux (15).Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the preforming means consist of means for extending the hollow body (15). Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la pièce creuse de révolution formant le bâti (1) est ouverte à ses deux extrémités.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow part of revolution forming the frame (1) is open at its two ends. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 4 caractérisé en ce que le bâti (1) consiste dans une pièce cylindrique en parallélépipédique comportant un évidement central (2) de section quelconque, l'outillage (3) présentant une section identique.Device according to any one of claims 1 or 4 characterized in that the frame (1) consists of a cylindrical parallelepiped part comprising a central recess (2) of any section, the tool (3) having an identical section. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que l'évidemment central (2) du bâti (1) présente une section circulaire afin d'assurer une parfaite répartition des pressions hydrostatiques lors de l'hydroformage du corps creux (5).Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the central recess (2) of the frame (1) has a circular section in order to ensure perfect distribution of the hydrostatic pressures during the hydroforming of the hollow body (5). Dispositif suivant la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que l'évidement central (2) du bâti présente une section en forme de polygone régulier ou irrégulier.Device according to claim 5 characterized in that the central recess (2) of the frame has a section in the shape of a regular or irregular polygon. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6 caractérisé en ce que le bâti (1) comporte un évidemment central (2) de forme troncônique, l'outillage (3) présentant également une forme troncônique.Device according to any one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that the frame (1) comprises a central recess (2) of frusto-conical shape, the tool (3) also having a frusto-conical shape. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des parties (3a) ou (3b) de l'outillage (3) comprend des moyens de compensation hydrostatique.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the parts (3 a ) or (3 b ) of the tool (3) comprises hydrostatic compensation means. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de compensation hydrostatique consistent dans au moins un creux (9a, 9b) pratiqué sur la surface extérieure d'au moins une partie (3a, 3b) de l'outillage (3), ledit creux (9a, 9b) formant avec la paroi intérieure du bâti (1) une chambre (10a, 10b) alimentée en fluide sous pression par un canal (11a, 11b) pratiqué dans ledit bâti (1).Device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the hydrostatic compensation means consist in at least one recess (9, 9b) formed on the outer surface of at least one part (3, 3b) of the tool ( 3), said recess (9 a , 9 b ) forming with the inner wall of the frame (1) a chamber (10 a , 10 b ) supplied with pressurized fluid through a channel (11 a , 11 b ) formed in said frame (1). Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 ou 10 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens d'alimentation (12a, 12b) en fluide sous pression des moyens de compensation hydrostatique indépendants des moyens d'alimentation en fluide sous pression introduit à l'intérieur du corps creux (5) positionné dans l'outillage (3).Device according to any one of Claims 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises means for supplying (12 a , 12 b ) pressurized fluid hydrostatic compensation means independent of the means for supplying pressurized fluid supplied inside the hollow body (5) positioned in the tool (3). Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 11 caractérisé en ce que la chambre (10a, 10b) des moyens de compensation hydrostatique comprend un revêtement procurant l'étanchéité de ladite chambre (10a, 10b).Device according to any one of claims 10 or 11 characterized in that the chamber (10 a , 10 b ) of the hydrostatic compensation means comprises a coating providing the sealing of said chamber (10 a , 10 b ). Dispositif suivant la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce que le revêtement consiste dans une membrane (13a,13b) en matériau synthétique hermétique remplissant la chambre (10a, 10b).Device according to claim 12 characterized in that the coating consists of a membrane (13 a , 13 b ) of hermetic synthetic material filling the chamber (10 a , 10 b ).
EP04290264A 2003-01-31 2004-02-02 Apparatus for hydroforming a hollow body Expired - Lifetime EP1442806B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0301111A FR2850593B1 (en) 2003-01-31 2003-01-31 DEVICE FOR HYDROFORMING A HOLLOW BODY
FR0301111 2003-01-31

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EP1442806A1 true EP1442806A1 (en) 2004-08-04
EP1442806B1 EP1442806B1 (en) 2008-03-26

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AT (1) ATE390223T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004012630T2 (en)
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FR (1) FR2850593B1 (en)

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CN111601670A (en) * 2018-03-15 2020-08-28 宝马股份公司 Mold for molding and method for manufacturing component

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US6305204B1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2001-10-23 The Boeing Company Bulge forming machine

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FR1526444A (en) * 1966-06-03 1968-05-24 Tokyu Car Corp Hydraulic Pressure Shock Stamping Tool
US3685327A (en) * 1969-11-12 1972-08-22 Masanobu Nakamura Bulging apparatus
US5170557A (en) * 1991-05-01 1992-12-15 Benteler Industries, Inc. Method of forming a double wall, air gap exhaust duct component
EP0686440A1 (en) * 1994-05-12 1995-12-13 Benteler Industries, Inc. Hydroforming apparatus
US5987950A (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-11-23 Cosma International Inc. Hydroforming of a tubular blank having an oval cross section
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111601670A (en) * 2018-03-15 2020-08-28 宝马股份公司 Mold for molding and method for manufacturing component
US11666959B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2023-06-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Forming tool and method for producing a component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2850593B1 (en) 2006-09-08
EP1442806B1 (en) 2008-03-26
DE602004012630T2 (en) 2009-04-30
ES2305674T3 (en) 2008-11-01
FR2850593A1 (en) 2004-08-06
ATE390223T1 (en) 2008-04-15
DE602004012630D1 (en) 2008-05-08

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