EP1437460B1 - Verstärkungsverfahren einer Mauerwerkstrukture - Google Patents

Verstärkungsverfahren einer Mauerwerkstrukture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1437460B1
EP1437460B1 EP04250084A EP04250084A EP1437460B1 EP 1437460 B1 EP1437460 B1 EP 1437460B1 EP 04250084 A EP04250084 A EP 04250084A EP 04250084 A EP04250084 A EP 04250084A EP 1437460 B1 EP1437460 B1 EP 1437460B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcing member
masonry
holes
flat plate
reinforcing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04250084A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1437460A1 (de
Inventor
William George Edscer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bersche-Rolt Ltd
Original Assignee
Bersche-Rolt Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bersche-Rolt Ltd filed Critical Bersche-Rolt Ltd
Publication of EP1437460A1 publication Critical patent/EP1437460A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1437460B1 publication Critical patent/EP1437460B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C2003/023—Lintels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the reinforcement of masonry structures above a pre-existing opening and particularly but not exclusively to the reinforcement of masonry over window and door openings.
  • GB-A-2 271 601 discloses such a reinforcement method.
  • masonry was supported over window and door openings by forming an arch or, in order to reduce costs, by inserting wood, steel or stone beams in the form of lintels over the openings.
  • angled lintels or flat plate lintels were generally inserted into the brickwork, these consisting of elongate lengths of supporting material.
  • the lintel rested on brickwork piers provided at each side of the window, the load from the brickwork above being transferred by the lintel onto those piers. This technique may also be used to reinforce arches.
  • the above lintels have a tendency to fail.
  • the flat plate inherently lacks vertical stiffness and may bend under the load imposed by the masonry.
  • Angled lintels are stronger as they include a flat lower plate and an additional plate located at right angles to the lower plate. However, unless the vertical part of the angle is screwed to the inner leaf of a wall, the lintel may twist, allowing the bricks to move and cracks to appear in the brickwork over the opening.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a masonry structure 10 made up of bricks 11 and provided with a window opening 12 therein.
  • a window frame 13 is located within the opening 12 (see Figs. 2 and 3 which illustrate two alternative arrangements).
  • the masonry structure 10 has been reinforced using a method according to the invention.
  • a reinforcing member in the form of a flat plate 14 has been inserted into a horizontal elongate groove 16 provided in the masonry structure.
  • the groove 16 is provided partly in a bed joint 18. If the bed joint is too high (as on the right hand side of the window opening 12), a slot 17 is cut into the brickwork (see brick 11a).
  • the flat plate 14 is inserted into the groove 16 such that it lies in a generally horizontal plane.
  • the flat plate 14 may be positioned next to the window frame 13, as in Fig. 2, if there is sufficient room. If the window frame obstructs this positioning, a bottom corner 15 of a brick (see brick 11 b in Fig. 3) may be cut away.
  • the flat plate may be inserted with the window in position.
  • the window could be removed first, with the brickwork temporarily propped.
  • the flat plate 14 is illustrated in more detail in Fig. 4.
  • the flat plate is planar and has a length which is chosen such that it is greater than the length of the window opening.
  • the width of the flat plate 14 is typically around 30mm and its thickness is typically 3 or 4 mm.
  • the flat plate 14 is provided with a number of holes 20 spaced apart along its length, for example around 100mm apart.
  • the holes have diameters of around 8mm and are preferably countersunk to receive a screw head.
  • the holes may be located centrally across the width of the flat plate 14 (as indicated on the left side of Fig. 4) or offset (as indicated on the right side of Fig. 4). However these two are alternatives and would not appear on the same flat plate, Fig. 4 being only for illustration purposes.
  • the holes 20 may be arranged in a staggered pattern as illustrated in Fig. 5.
  • the fixings may have mushroom heads or may have no heads but be screwed through a plate with threaded holes.
  • the holes 22 in the flat plate 14 are preferably positioned under the centres of the bricks.
  • securing elements in the form of stainless steel screws 22 are screwed through the holes 20 into the bricks 11 above the flat plate 14, directly above the window opening 12.
  • holes for the screws may be drilled initially and plastic plugs 26 inserted therein to receive the screws 22.
  • a bonding resin may be used to hold the screws 22 in place.
  • the flat plate 14 may be put into position first and holes drilled subsequently into the bricks 11 above, using the holes 20 as guides.
  • the screws 22 are inserted at a slight angle to the vertical, for ease of insertion.
  • the flat plate 14 is stiffened by the brickwork 24 above and the two together act as a single composite unit to form a beam which supports the weight imposed by the brickwork above the window.
  • the screws hold the plate 14 firmly in position and prevent any sideways movement. If sideways movement did take place, the plate 14 and the bricks 11 above would no longer effectively form a composite unit, the plate would bend and a beam would not be formed.
  • the invention is particularly applicable where there are only a few courses of bricks, for example up to about five or six above the opening. However, if there are greater numbers of courses above the opening, the screws 22 may be extended to encompass two or more layers of bricks thus forming a stronger beam which could support a greater load of brickwork above.
  • the holes may be more numerous towards the outer edges of the flat plate 14 in order to ensure that the flat plate works in tension.
  • the grooves or holes into which the ends of the flat plate are inserted are filled with mortar to ensure that there is no movement of the plate ends.
  • the above described preferred embodiment thus provides an improved method of reinforcing a masonry structure above a pre-existing opening in the structure, which is safe, convenient and economical.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Door And Window Frames Mounted To Openings (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zum Verstärken einer Mauerwerk-Struktur (10) oberhalb einer schon bestehenden Öffnung (12) in der Struktur, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    - Einführen mindestens eines Teils eines länglichen Verstärkungsgliedes (14) in die Struktur, wobei das Verstärkungsglied (14) eine Vielzahl von Löchern (20) enthält, die sich durch das Verstärkungsglied hindurch erstrecken; und
    - Befestigen des Verstärkungsgliedes (14) an einer unteren Oberfläche jedes Elements einer Vielzahl von Mauerwerk-Elementen (11) oberhalb des Verstärkungsgliedes (14) und unmittelbar oberhalb der schon bestehenden Öffnung (12), indem man Befestigungs-Elemente (22) durch die Löcher (20) hindurch in die Mauerwerk-Elemente einführt, um oberhalb der schon bestehenden Öffnung einen Träger zu bilden, wobei der Träger aus dem Verstärkungsglied und den daran befestigten Mauerwerk-Elementen besteht.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der so gebildete Träger im wesentlichen horizontal ist.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren einen Schritt enthält zum Bilden eines länglichen Schlitzes (16) in der Struktur und Einführen mindestens eines Teils des Verstärkungsgliedes (14) in den Schlitz (16).
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schlitz (16) im wesentlichen horizontal ist und zumindest teilweise in Mörtel zwischen den Mauerwerk-Elementen gebildet wird.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verstärkungsglied (14) ein im wesentlichen planares Plattenglied enthält, das in die Mauerwerk-Struktur eingeführt wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verstärkungsglied (14) aus einem Material besteht, das gegenüber Zugbelastung stabil ist.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (20) so angeordnet sind, dass sie gleichmässig über die Länge des Verstärkungsgliedes (14) positioniert sind.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (20) zu den Enden des Verstärkungsgliedes (14) hin näher beieinander sind.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der eingeführte Teil des Verstärkungsgliedes (14) mittels Schrauben (22) an den darüberliegenden Mauerwerk-Elementen (11) befestigt wird.
EP04250084A 2003-01-11 2004-01-09 Verstärkungsverfahren einer Mauerwerkstrukture Expired - Lifetime EP1437460B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0300623 2003-01-11
GBGB0300623.6A GB0300623D0 (en) 2003-01-11 2003-01-11 Reinforcement of masonry structures

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1437460A1 EP1437460A1 (de) 2004-07-14
EP1437460B1 true EP1437460B1 (de) 2006-12-13

Family

ID=9950983

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04250084A Expired - Lifetime EP1437460B1 (de) 2003-01-11 2004-01-09 Verstärkungsverfahren einer Mauerwerkstrukture

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1437460B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE348232T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004003594T2 (de)
GB (2) GB0300623D0 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103470064A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2013-12-25 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 一种框架填充墙洞口加大的结构
CN104405139B (zh) * 2014-12-03 2017-01-11 西南科技大学 石砌墙体加固方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2131076B (en) * 1982-12-02 1986-04-03 Denis George Mcmahon Making an opening in a wall
GB8918282D0 (en) * 1989-08-10 1989-09-20 Priest Dennis Building methods and equipment
GB2249120B (en) * 1991-01-26 1993-04-07 Executive Insulation Structural repair process
GB2271601A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-04-20 Clifford Latchford Propless lintel
WO1995007400A1 (en) * 1993-09-09 1995-03-16 William George Edscer Method for reinforcing a cavity wall
FR2786216A1 (fr) * 1998-11-24 2000-05-26 Betag Bureau D Etudes Tech Ame Procede de reparation ou de renforcement de structures en beton arme existantes
GB0107702D0 (en) * 2001-03-28 2001-05-16 Tellum Brian Remedial external support lintel
GB2398338A (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-08-18 Pam Ties Ltd Structural reinforcement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2397089A (en) 2004-07-14
EP1437460A1 (de) 2004-07-14
ATE348232T1 (de) 2007-01-15
DE602004003594D1 (de) 2007-01-25
DE602004003594T2 (de) 2007-10-25
GB0400365D0 (en) 2004-02-11
GB2397089B (en) 2006-03-22
GB0300623D0 (en) 2003-02-12

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