EP1435481B1 - Schutzvorrichtung für in die Erde versenkbare Flüssiggasbehälter - Google Patents

Schutzvorrichtung für in die Erde versenkbare Flüssiggasbehälter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1435481B1
EP1435481B1 EP03078057A EP03078057A EP1435481B1 EP 1435481 B1 EP1435481 B1 EP 1435481B1 EP 03078057 A EP03078057 A EP 03078057A EP 03078057 A EP03078057 A EP 03078057A EP 1435481 B1 EP1435481 B1 EP 1435481B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
accordance
sack
protection system
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03078057A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1435481A1 (de
Inventor
Giovanni Poillucci
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP03078057A priority Critical patent/EP1435481B1/de
Publication of EP1435481A1 publication Critical patent/EP1435481A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/007—Underground or underwater storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0188—Hanging up devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0308—Protective caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/238—Filling of insulants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/015—Facilitating maintenance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/037—Handling leaked fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
    • F17C2260/053—Reducing corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/025—Mixing fluids different fluids
    • F17C2265/027—Mixing fluids different fluids with odorizing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0142—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed underground
    • F17C2270/0144—Type of cavity
    • F17C2270/0147—Type of cavity by burying vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0142—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed underground
    • F17C2270/0157—Location of cavity
    • F17C2270/016—Location of cavity onshore

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a gas tank with protection system for underground installation and a method of assembling the tank.
  • a known technique for the underground installation of a metal cylinder containing gas for example liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consists of excavating a trench wider than the diameter of the tank and deeper than the height of the tank, subsequently lowering the tank into the trench and backfilling the space between the tank and the walls of the trench with sand (a sand layer having a thickness of at least 30 cm is needed in the case of tank with a diameter of 110 cm).
  • the tank is provided with short supporting legs and a closable hatch of which the top is level with the surface of the ground.
  • Ballast usually consisting of cement, is attached to the bottom of the tank to avoid it being lifted out of the ground by hydrostatic forces in case of flooding.
  • the tank is usually covered with a paint layer, usually a layer of thermo-hardening epoxy paint, and, immediately after being buried, connected to a sacrificial anode, which usually consists of one or more sacks containing magnesium, in accordance with the known technique of cathodic protection.
  • a paint layer usually a layer of thermo-hardening epoxy paint
  • a sacrificial anode which usually consists of one or more sacks containing magnesium, in accordance with the known technique of cathodic protection.
  • a waterproof container capable of housing the tank after the excavation of the trench.
  • This container may be an in-situ concrete structure or could be a prefabricated container made of plastics or some other rigid material.
  • the tank is placed inside the container and fixed to it, possibly by means of a structure that comprises a watertight sleeve at the summit of the tank and a removable cover to close the free end of the sleeve.
  • This second technique offers better safety guarantees in case of accidental gas losses, especially as far as pollution of the surrounding ground is concerned, and does not call for cathodic protection, but is more complicated and therefore also more expensive.
  • One aim of the present invention is to provide a gas tank for underground installation complete with a protection system that will offer the same safety guarantees against pollution as are offered by the second solution described above, but will also be at least as simple and economic as the first solution.
  • Another aim of the invention is to provide a method for assembling such a tank.
  • a tank 10 containing liquefied petroleum gas is enveloped in a sack made of a material that is substantially impermeable to gas and water, for example consisting of at least one layer of waterproofed synthetic jute and/or cloth capable of resisting substantial loads, separated from the walls of the tank by means of a layer 12 of some inert gas permeable material, sand for example.
  • the sack 11 with its contents is buried in a trench.
  • the tank 10 is a steel recipient consisting of a cylindrical part and two end caps and is arranged in the trench with its longitudinal axis in a vertical position.
  • an access pit 17 that contains the usual service, control and safety accessories, typically a pipe link for removing gaseous phase from the tank, a safety valve, a level gauge to indicate the level of the liquid phase, a filling valve and an outlet valve for the liquid phase.
  • the lower end cap is provided with supporting legs 13 welded or otherwise attached to the cap; nevertheless, the invention can be advantageously implemented also with a tank devoid of such supporting legs: in that case, as will be explained further on, the tank will be provided with means of support of some other type.
  • the access pit 17 consists of a metal sleeve attached to the upper end cap, the sleeve having its free upper end at the same level as the ground, where it is closed by a removable cover 18.
  • the tank 10 and the sleeve 17 are lined by a protective layer of insulating material, for example a thermo-hardening epoxy resin paint.
  • the sleeve of the access pit 17 may also be made of other corrosion-resisting materials, moulded plastic and high-density polyethylene being two cases in point.
  • the opening of the sack 11 is tightened around the upper end cap of the tank at the base of the sleeve 17, using appropriate means, for example, a cable contained in a channel formed by bending the edge of the sack opening backwards.
  • Two or more handles 19, which could be straps of synthetic jute, are fixed to the sack 11 to permit it being lifted complete with its contents.
  • Small sacks 20 containing magnesium are buried in the vicinity of the sack 11 and are electrically connected (though this is not shown on the drawing) to the tank 10, so that they may act as sacrificial anodes for cathodic protection purposes.
  • the sack 11, the sand layer 12, the epoxy paint layer covering the surface of tank 10 and the cathodic protection device jointly constitute an efficient protection system. More particularly, in case of losses due to a leak in tank 10, the impermeable bag 11 will prevent the gas passing into the ground, the sand layer 12 prevents the formation of potentially dangerous gas bubbles and at the same time, being permeable for gas, permits possible losses to rise out of the ground, so that they can be detected by appropriate sensors and alarm devices or directly by the supervisory personnel, always provided that the gas - as is required by safety regulations - contains odorizing substances. Any leak gas flows towards the outside through the sack opening, which usually is not gas tight although closed around the base of the sleeve of the access pit 17.
  • a suitable gas vent passage for example a tube that connects the gap between tank and sack with the inside of the access pit 17.
  • This tube can be used advantageously also for introducing into the gap a gauge to detect any gas leak.
  • the lining layer of epoxy resin and the cathodic protection device prevent corrosion of the steel tank due to the effect of stray currents. All said and done, the resulting installation will have a long maintenance-free useful life.
  • the permeable material has a specific weight greater than water, as is the case of the sand 12 utilized in the embodiment just described, there will be no need to attach ballast to the tank to counteract the hydrostatic forces set up if the ground were to become flooded.
  • the sand itself, in fact, provides efficient weighting: in the case of a 1000-litre tank, for example, a sand layer about 3 cm thick will be quite sufficient to assure both this protective function and the ballast function. All that has to be done to perform the latter function is to close the sack 11 on the tank 10, as will be explained later.
  • the ballast weight has to be limited, moreover, it is obviously possible to add some other granular material of low specific weight to the sand, for example, granules of expanded polystyrene.
  • the sack here indicated by 11', is comprised advantageously, at least in part, of a material with micrometric pores through which water cannot pass as a liquid but can pass only in molecular form.
  • the moisture of the soil can migrate to the sand layer through the micrometric pores in the sack. Due to this effect the cathodic protection can be embodied into the gap between tank and sack, as shown in figure 10; therefore, the tank complete with cathodic protection can be assembled in the factory, which makes greatly easier its installation.
  • the sacrifical anodes of a cathodic protection system are each made up of a metal core, typically magnesium, positioned into a small sack together with a granular backfill.
  • the backfill comprises typically gypsum, bentonite and sodium sulphate and, when suitably moistened, has the function of reducing the anode electrical resistance towards ground.
  • the water molecules passing through the micrometric pores provide the necessary moisture to carry out this function.
  • the granular backfill needs not to be concentrated into a small sack but can be placed loose in the gap between sack and tank, thus being part of the granular material that forms the gas permeable material.
  • This latter material is preferably a differentiated granulometry material distributed in layers having granulometry that varies progressively from the bottom upward, i.e. in such a way that the material with higher granulometry is closer to the ground surface, i.e. to the edge of the trench that contains the assembly, and the material with lower granulometry is at the trench bottom.
  • the sacrifical anodes together with the resistivity reducing granular material, either assembled in small sacks or in loose form, are disposed preferably in the lowest part of the trench.
  • the backfill of the cathode protection system is moistened during assembling so that the cathodic protection can be activated before the tank is installed.
  • the tank and the protection system in accordance with the invention can be assembled before being buried in the ground, so that the actual installation by the final user is greatly simplified. Indeed, he will have to do no more than excavate a trench just slightly greater than the volume of the fully assembled tank with its sack containing the gas permeable lining layer, possibly containing a cathodic protection system already wired and ready for activation, lower the assembly into the trench, burying the sacrificial anodes if they are not in the sack, and then backfilling the residual voids with appropriately compacted earth or other suitable material.
  • an appropriate supporting structure 14 can be used to keep the tank in a vertical position in the trench during installation and permit its being readily moved also with hoist trucks before it is installed.
  • the embodiment with legs integrally attached to the tank may be convenient when the tank to be installed is already provided with legs, the embodiment, without such legs makes it possible to obtain a more uniform distribution of the sand between the tank and the sack and avoids the local stresses to which the sack is subjected at the positions corresponding to the legs.
  • the tank and protection system in accordance with the invention may be assembled before the tank is installed. More particularly, a tank already painted in the customary manner, with a thermo-hardening epoxy resin for example, is inserted in a sack of waterproofed synthetic jute or a material with micrometric pores for example, that is slightly larger than the tank. During this operation, as also during the subsequent operation, the sack is kept open and detached from the surface of the tank, which can be done, for example, by inserting a removable frame. Thereafter sand and/or some other permeable inert material is filled into the space between the tank and the sack possibly in differentiated granulometry layers and with such a moisture grade to activate the cathodic protection.
  • the use of a frame for keeping the sack open may be avoided by spraying the sand, if necessary in combination with air, under pressure through a multiplicity of appropriate nozzles arranged around the open mouth of the sack.
  • the tank, the sack and the sand may be convenient to subject the tank, the sack and the sand to vibration, thereby facilitating a uniform distribution and compaction of the sand in the available space.
  • FIGs 3, 4 and 5 illustrate three possible conformations of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve has a lower edge 30 that is bent towards the interior and provided with through holes for fixing it to the upper end cap of the tank 10 by means of bolts 31 integral with the cap.
  • the sleeve 17 has similar lower edge 30, but bent outwards. In all three cases the sleeve 17 is shaped in such a way as to be provided with a perimetral groove that constitutes a seating 32 for the tightening cable 33 of the sack 11 within the loop formed by the folded edge of the sack mouth.
  • FIGS 6 and 7 in which identical or corresponding parts are always identified by means of the reference numbers already used in Figure 1, show a cylindrical tank 10 substantially similar to the one in Figure 1, but designed to be buried with its axis horizontal rather than vertical.
  • the sleeve 17 is here replaced by closed structure 50 that forms an access pit surrounding the service, control and safety accessories, which in this case are mounted on the cylindrical part of the tank.
  • the sack 11 in this case has a mouth that substantially extends for the entire length of the tank and is closed by superposing the flaps of the sack mouth and tightening a cable around the access pit 50, this cable being similar to the one of the embodiment illustrated by Figures 1 to 4.
  • the sack 11 may be similar to the one used for installation in the vertical position, with the sole exception of an additional opening that can be closed around the access pit before the sack is filled with sand; in this case the principal opening of the sack is closed completely (once again by means of a cable, for example) around a ringbolt 16 for lifting the tank that is normally provided at the top of one of the end caps of the tank, as is shown in Figures 8 and 9.
  • Two handles 51 constituted, for example, by strips of synthetic jute integral with the sack 11 make it possible for the tank assembly to be lifted.
  • the tank 10 in the embodiment of Figures 6 and 7 rests on two supporting cradles 52, which in the shown example are integral with the tank and are therefore situated within the sack 11, but - as can be seen from the embodiment shown in Figures 8 and 9 - could also be replaced by a structure 15 arranged at the bottom of the assembly in such a way as to constitute a support for the already assembled tank.
  • the tank with protection system in accordance with the invention completely complies with the aims the invention set out to achieve.
  • it assures complete safety as far as pollution of the surrounding ground is concerned, may be assembled in a very simple manner and can be installed underground in an equally simple manner, because it calls for nothing other than the excavation of a trench without any special containing or enveloping structures, nor does it require additional materials to be taken to the place where the tank is to be installed.
  • it does not need any separate ballasting, because the function of the ballast is performed by the sand contained in the sack and the trench that has to be excavated is smaller than the one that would be needed to install the tank in accordance with the known techniques.
  • the tank in accordance with the invention also offers another advantage as compared with the prior art inasmuch as it makes it possible to wholly avoid a typical problem of tanks painted with thermo-hardening epoxy resins.
  • these resins rapidly lose their characteristics of protecting the surface to which they have been applied when they become exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Since this radiation is present in the radiation spectrum of the sun, tanks treated in this manner cannot be left for any substantial length of time in the open, and this creates serious storage problems. Since in accordance with the invention the pure and simple tank is placed inside a sack and is covered by a layer of sand immediately after being painted with an epoxy resin, the paint is efficiently screened against the ultraviolet radiation and therefore this problem will never arise.
  • the screen can be further improved by using a sack made of a material that is opaque to ultraviolet radiations.
  • factory assembly of the tank with its protection system completely eliminates the risk of the protective layer being damaged during transport and installation, which would be detrimental as far as corrosion protection of the underlying metal is concerned.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)

Claims (25)

  1. Ein Tank mit einem Schutzsystem zur unterirdischen Installation, wobei das Schutzsystem einen Sack (11) aufweist, der den Tank (10) enthält, der aus einem Material hergestellt ist, das im Wesentlichen für Gas und Wasser impermeabel ist, wobei das Schutzsystem ferner ein gaspermeables Material (12) aufweist, das derart in einem Zwischenraum zwischen Tank und Sack angeordnet ist, um eine Schicht um den Tank zu bilden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    - der Tank ein Gastank ist;
    - der Sack eine Öffnung aufweist, die an dem Tank geschlossen ist; und
    - die Schutzeinrichtung ferner eine kathodische Schutzeinrichtung umfasst, die in der Schicht von gaspermeablem Material (12) vorliegt.
  2. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem das gaspermeable Material (12) ein spezifisches Gewicht aufweist, das größer als dasjenige von Wasser ist.
  3. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 2, bei dem das permeable Material (12) Sand in einer Menge aufweist, die ausreichend ist, um einen Ballast zu bilden, um zu verhindern, dass der Tank in Wasser schwimmt.
  4. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Sack (11) zumindest eine Schicht synthetischer Jute aufweist.
  5. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Sack (11) ein Gewebe aufweist, das in der Lage ist, erheblichen Belastungen zu widerstehen.
  6. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Sack (11) ein Material aufweist, das für ultraviolette Strahlung undurchlässig ist.
  7. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem ein Gasabzugsdurchlass zwischen dem Zwischenraum und der Außenseite des Sacks bereitgestellt ist.
  8. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 7, bei dem der Gasabzugsdurchlass ein Rohr für ein Gaserfassungsmessgerät aufweist.
  9. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Schutzsystem eine Schicht von isolierendem Material aufweist, die auf die Oberfläche des Tanks (10) aufgebracht ist.
  10. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 9, bei dem das isolierende Material ein wärmehärtbares Epoxidharz aufweist.
  11. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Schutzsystem eine Einrichtung (20) zum kathodischen Schutz aufweist.
  12. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Sack ein Material (11') mit Mikrometerporen aufweist, durch die Wasser nicht als eine Flüssigkeit hindurchgehen kann, sondern nur in molekularer Form hindurchgehen kann.
  13. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 12, bei dem das gaspermeable Material (12) ein granulares Material mit differenzierter Granulometrie aufweist, das so verteilt ist, dass sich ein Material mit höherer Granulometrie näher an der Sacköffnung befindet.
  14. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 13, bei dem die kathodische Schutzeinrichtung eine anodische Opfereinrichtung, eine elektrisch leitfähige Einrichtung, die die anodische Opfereinrichtung mit dem Tank verbindet, und eine granulare Einrichtung zum Verringern von elektrischem Widerstand aufweist, die sich in Kontakt mit der anodischen Opfereinrichtung befindet.
  15. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 14, bei dem die granulare Einrichtung zum Verringern von elektrischem Widerstand ein Teil des granularen Materials mit differenzierter Granulometrie ist.
  16. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 14 oder 15, bei dem die anodische Opfereinrichtung einen Metallkörper aufweist, der angepasst ist, um als eine Anode relativ zu dem Metall des Tanks wirksam zu sein.
  17. Ein Tank gemäß Anspruch 16, bei dem der Metallkörper Magnesium aufweist.
  18. Ein Tank gemäß einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 17, bei dem die granulare Einrichtung zum Verringern von elektrischem Widerstand Gips, Bentonit und Natriumsulfat aufweist.
  19. Ein Tank gemäß einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 18, bei dem die granulare Einrichtung zum Verringern von elektrischem Widerstand einen solchen Feuchtigkeitsgrad aufweist, um einen kathodischen Schutz zu aktivieren.
  20. Ein Tank gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der eine Trageeinrichtung (13, 52) aufweist, die mit dem Tank integriert ist.
  21. Ein Tank gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19, der eine Trageeinrichtung (14, 15) außerhalb des Sacks (11) aufweist.
  22. Ein Verfahren zum Assemblieren eines Gastanks mit einem Schutzsystem für eine unterirdische Installation, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dasselbe die folgenden Operationen aufweist:
    - Platzieren des Tanks (10) in einem Sack (11), der aus einem Material hergestellt ist, das im Wesentlichen für Gas und Wasser impermeabel ist;
    - Platzieren eines kathodischen Schutzsystems in dem Sack (11);
    - Verbinden des kathodischen Schutzsystems mit dem Tank (10);
    - Halten des Sacks (11) getrennt von der Oberfläche des Tanks (10), so dass ein Raum zwischen dem Tank und dem Sack bleibt, und
    - Füllen zumindest eines Teils des Raums mit einem gaspermeablen Material (12), um eine Schicht um den Tank zwischen dem Tank und dem Sack zu bilden, wobei das kathodische Schutzsystem in der Schicht vorliegend resultiert.
  23. Ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 22, bei dem die Operation des zumindest teilweisen Füllens des Raums mit einem gaspermeablen Material das Schütten von Sand in den Raum aufweist.
  24. Ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 22 oder 23, das eine Aktion eines Rüttelns des Tanks (10) und des permeablen Materials (12) während des Schüttens aufweist.
  25. Ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 22, 23 oder 24, bei dem der Sack (11') ein Material (11') mit Mikrometerporen aufweist, durch die Wasser nicht als eine Flüssigkeit hindurchgehen kann, sondern nur in molekularer Form hindurchgehen kann.
EP03078057A 2002-10-30 2003-09-26 Schutzvorrichtung für in die Erde versenkbare Flüssiggasbehälter Expired - Lifetime EP1435481B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03078057A EP1435481B1 (de) 2002-10-30 2003-09-26 Schutzvorrichtung für in die Erde versenkbare Flüssiggasbehälter

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02425656 2002-10-30
EP02425656 2002-10-30
EP03078057A EP1435481B1 (de) 2002-10-30 2003-09-26 Schutzvorrichtung für in die Erde versenkbare Flüssiggasbehälter

Related Child Applications (1)

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EP05106252 Division 2005-07-08

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EP1435481A1 EP1435481A1 (de) 2004-07-07
EP1435481B1 true EP1435481B1 (de) 2006-02-01

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EP (1) EP1435481B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE317090T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60303417D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2257640T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1435481E (de)
SI (1) SI1435481T1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102588727B (zh) * 2012-03-02 2014-04-16 冉训 一种高压燃料气地下储气井用多层储气井筒体的成型方法
US10837601B2 (en) 2018-10-29 2020-11-17 Ronald R. Mercer Subterranean gas storage assembly
US11680684B2 (en) 2021-04-16 2023-06-20 Bedrock Gas Solutions, LLC Small molecule gas storage adapter
US12025277B2 (en) 2021-04-16 2024-07-02 Michael D. Mercer Subsurface gas storage system

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR748880A (fr) * 1932-04-04 1933-07-12 Perfectionnements aux réservoirs pour hydrocarbures ou autres liquides dangereux
AT231903B (de) * 1961-09-19 1964-02-25 Bp Benzin Und Petroleum Ag Ein Austreten von Inhaltsstoffen in das umgebende Medium verhindernde Umhüllung für in die Erde versenkte Gefäße sowie Verfahren zur Registrierung von Undichtigkeiten so umhüllter Gefäße
GB1194147A (en) * 1968-03-09 1970-06-10 Richard Heath Rohmer System for the Underground Storage of Liquids.
FR2689960B1 (fr) * 1992-04-09 1994-05-27 Etienne Leflaive Citerne de stockage de gaz liquefie.
ES2124514T3 (es) * 1995-07-07 1999-02-01 Tosto Walter Serbatoi Spa Contenedor protector para la instalacion subterranea de tanques para gas licuado a presion.
BE1013583A6 (fr) * 2000-06-30 2002-04-02 J Remacle Ets Cuve a hydrocarbure.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1435481A1 (de) 2004-07-07
PT1435481E (pt) 2006-06-30
ATE317090T1 (de) 2006-02-15
DE60303417D1 (de) 2006-04-13
ES2257640T3 (es) 2006-08-01
SI1435481T1 (sl) 2006-08-31

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