EP1434708A2 - Mixed-use railway unit for combined rail/road transport of road vehicles - Google Patents

Mixed-use railway unit for combined rail/road transport of road vehicles

Info

Publication number
EP1434708A2
EP1434708A2 EP02800638A EP02800638A EP1434708A2 EP 1434708 A2 EP1434708 A2 EP 1434708A2 EP 02800638 A EP02800638 A EP 02800638A EP 02800638 A EP02800638 A EP 02800638A EP 1434708 A2 EP1434708 A2 EP 1434708A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
road
railway
unit according
vehicles
transported
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02800638A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1434708B1 (en
Inventor
Robert Lohr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lohr Industrie SA
Original Assignee
Lohr Industrie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lohr Industrie SA filed Critical Lohr Industrie SA
Publication of EP1434708A2 publication Critical patent/EP1434708A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1434708B1 publication Critical patent/EP1434708B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
    • B61D47/005—Loading or unloading devices combined with road vehicles carrying wagons, e.g. ramps, turntables, lifting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mixed-use rail unit for combined rail / road transport of road vehicles or other road loads and their loading / unloading.
  • Vehicles taken out of the production lines are stored in the manufacturer's external storage areas until they are picked up for removal.
  • the manufacturers' sites have traditionally been connected to the rail network.
  • the vehicles to be removed are loaded from the storage areas on trains presenting a succession of specialized wagons each comprising a double stage of loading and transport.
  • connecting walkways interconnect the floors of the same level of the successive specialized wagons of the train.
  • the vehicles are moved and then loaded onto one of the floors from the rear of the train, by their own means, one after the other in line until the succession of wagons is filled over its entire length. The other stage of the train is then loaded in the same way.
  • the train unloading operations are carried out in reverse order. Unloading being carried out only from the rear of the train, this mode of transport does not in practice make it possible to selectively and unload optimal, throughout the rail journey, some of the vehicles transported by train depending on their final destination. This is why the manufacturers have organized near certain railway stations regrouping zones intended to receive in large quantities the vehicles transported by the train.
  • the vehicles are all unloaded from the train one after the other by their own means, in the reverse order of their loading onto the train, possibly transported by road on units or sets of road transport of vehicles designed specifically for this type of transport known under the generic name of car transporter vehicles, and finally parked in the regrouping areas.
  • car transporter will be given the most general meaning, namely a carrier of all types of road vehicles.
  • the vehicles After storage in the regrouping area, the vehicles are distributed and loaded according to their final destinations on car transport vehicles. They are then routed, as the case may be, either to their final destination, or to secondary consolidation areas from where they will ultimately be routed by road on other car transporters to the delivery point at customers.
  • the vehicles delivered are subject to at least three loading and unloading cycles which inevitably generate each risk of damage to the vehicles transported.
  • the wagons intended for the transport of vehicles moreover have on the lower loading plane a non-planar rolling path due to the presence of the bogies of the wagons.
  • the ground clearance of vehicles manufactured today is lower, especially at the front, this also generates during loading and unloading the risk of interference during crossing of the elevated taxiways provided above the wagon bogies.
  • the vehicles to be delivered are parked outside on areas generally neither covered nor closed. Until delivery to the customer, the vehicles thus remain exposed to significant risks of damage. They are also subject to soiling. In order to ensure better preservation, the manufacturers condition the vehicles to protect them from minor deterioration. Prior to their delivery, it is therefore necessary to remove the protections from the packaging and wash the vehicle, which incurs additional costs.
  • Rail motorways are thus suitable for the transport of trucks and harnessed road units, but they do not allow the transport of a trailer alone.
  • these embodiments have the drawback of seeing the motor vehicle of the road assemblies immobilized during the entire duration of the transport.
  • car transporter units and road assemblies adapted to ensure optimal or at least profitable vehicle transport have loading heights incompatible with the use of rail motorways in the transport configuration.
  • a car transporter road vehicle loaded on a rail motorway wagon exceeds the railway gauge dedicated to these motorways.
  • Rail motorways do not by design have any element of protection for the vehicles transported and the risk of damage to these vehicles remains significant. This type of transport does not provide the necessary flexibility since all articulated road vehicles are all transported in the same train to a main station serving other destinations by road.
  • Rail motorways are organized so generally by shuttles on predefined railway lines, which does not allow efficient service to all destinations.
  • Specialized so-called railroad stations require significant infrastructure and extensive space for maneuvers and are often far from the final destination. To reuse the train, it must be unloaded in its entirety because it consists of vehicles loaded one behind the other.
  • the manufacturers' sites have not been adapted or organized to date to allow, using road transport vehicles, the removal of manufactured vehicles from the factory.
  • a third alternative would be to use wagons specially designed for the transport of semi-trailers by rail.
  • a large part of the corresponding achievements is incompatible with the car transporter road assemblies offering the most efficient useful load volume: these are in particular harnessed assemblies composed of a truck and a trailer or even a bodywork removable on which a trailer is articulated.
  • the mixed-use rail transport unit according to the invention is located in the field of road vehicle transport and aims to be used for direct rail transport of road vehicles on removable retractable or erasable supports adapted and in another configuration of being able to be used to transport a unit or a car transporter road assembly, preferably without its power unit.
  • the term “road unit” or “road combination” is understood to mean, without this list being exhaustive, a truck, a trailer, a semi-trailer, a removable bodywork, a swap body, a container or a coupled or coupled assembly of these road vehicles.
  • the rail unit has a pivoting carrying structure thanks to known lifting and pivoting means, allowing the wagon to be set obliquely for its loading / unloading. Therefore, in a train comprising railway transport units according to the invention, it is possible to load and unload the units independently of each other. In addition, as it is the railway unit which is loaded, the vehicles do not have to pass through raised areas of bogie passage as is the case in conventional car transport wagons. This puts 03/031247
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the empty conveyor rail structure in one of its versions
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the empty conveyor rail structure in one of its versions
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the transport railway structure loaded with minivan type cars
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the structure conveyor loaded in onospace type cars
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the conveyor rail structure containing an articulated road assembly loaded with cars
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the conveyor rail structure of FIG. 5,
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are two perspective views illustrating the loading or unloading in cars of the railway structure
  • Figures 9 and 10 are two perspective views illustrating the entry or exit of an articulated road assembly of the transporting railway structure.
  • the mixed-use rail transport unit consists of a carrying rail structure 1 hooked or fixed or otherwise connected in a lockable and detachable manner by at least one of its ends 2 and 3 to the rolling assembly of adjacent end, front 4 or rear 5.
  • Each end rolling assembly consists of an end platform 6 or 7 mounted on one or more bogies or on one or more axles.
  • the supporting railway structure 1 is of the type with lateral clearance by pivoting either at the end directly around an end pivoting center or supported by an end crossmember pivotally mounted on the next wagon, or central by any suitable means.
  • It may be a pivoting center, central or end, associated with a rectilinear element for joining and retaining the end platforms 6 and 7 in combination with motorized lifting-pivoting means provided by example on tracks in loading and unloading stations. It can also be an end pivot center allowing the railway structure to offset more weakly, but condemning in operation the pivot end and this around a pivot crosspiece carried by the next wagon.
  • any set of lateral clearance can be used obliquely, but preferably by pivoting.
  • the carrying railway structure 1 according to the invention has means suitable for carrying out the direct transport of road vehicles, for example cars such as 8 or vans or vans such as 9 or the transport of units or road units 10 specifically provided for the transport of road vehicles.
  • road vehicles for example cars such as 8 or vans or vans such as 9 or the transport of units or road units 10 specifically provided for the transport of road vehicles.
  • the carrier rail structure 1 as a whole will first be described as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • This lowered bottom 11 constitutes a lower loading floor 12 reinforced locally if necessary by stiffeners.
  • This floor is preferably thin in order to gain useful loading volume and thus to allow two levels of loading in road vehicles or a road unit 10 transporting road vehicles without its power unit. It is even made in a preferred version as thin as possible. It can have on the underside, as can be seen more particularly in FIG. 6, a central channel 13 resulting from a recessed longitudinal cavity serving as a housing for a mechanical connection 14 of constant length between the two end platforms 6 and 7 and this in order to keep them at a fixed distance from each other during loading / unloading operations.
  • One of the ends, only 2 or 3 or both ends 2 and 3 of the carrying railway structure 1 has (s) attachment and dissociable and lockable fixing means on the facing face or on the top of the platform (s) (s) -form (s) corresponding (s) 6 or 7 or 6 and 7 for assembly-association after loading and disassembly-dissociation before unloading.
  • the supporting rail structure 1 continues on one side, for example towards the front, by a projecting overhanging end which, for example, engages in a complementary stabilization structure as described in parallel protection.
  • the lowered bottom 11 is extended upwards by lateral side walls 15 and 16 mechanically connected to the latter and constituting with the lowered bottom 11 most of its bodywork and its structural elements.
  • These sidewall walls 15 and 16 serve as support structures on which are mounted support means 17 adjustable in height and removable, retractable or erasable, intended to constitute an upper loading floor 18 supporting a plurality of road vehicles in position transport as shown in Figures 2 and 4 and which disappears from this space in the transport configuration of a road unit ( Figure 6).
  • These support means 17 are formed of support elements intended to support for each of them and each time with its opposite counterpart or all by itself a road vehicle or a part thereof. These support means (17) are retractable, removable or erasable, for example against or in each of the sidewall sides (15) and (16).
  • a plurality flat support supports for example individual ones such as 19 whose position is adjustable in height.
  • These are, for example trays 20 formed of decking elements or other made removable or retractable between a retracted position of rest and an active working position in which the trays 20 counterparts are erected horizontally and can come to junction or overlapping by their lateral edges, making it possible to constitute, by their longitudinal succession, a horizontal rolling and support plane over which the vehicles pass during the loading or unloading phases and on which the vehicles rest in the transport position.
  • the internal longitudinal edges opposite these plates 20 are either contiguous as shown in the figures, or separated to reduce the width of these plates 20.
  • planar supports because of their generally planar shape. It is understood that these can have protrusions or recesses or any other specific conformation.
  • An alternative embodiment consists in providing these flat supports 19, in particular these plates 20 each articulated by one of its longitudinal sides on for example a longitudinal element, profiled edge or other of the adjacent side wall 15 or 16 or on one or two successive uprights 21 or vertical area (s) of reinforcement, for example by pivot hinges of the hinge type or the like allowing the flat support supports 19, in particular to the plates 20, to be erased by folding against the face internal of the adjacent side wall and to stand in a horizontal position to be immobilized in this position by appropriate means.
  • uprights or lifting posts for example of the type of those known for car-carrier vehicles or more generally vehicle-carriers.
  • the place where the forces are transmitted to the adjacent side wall and to the frame are mechanically reinforced by doublings, by stiffeners or other means.
  • the height of these flat supports, in particular of these plates 20, relative to the lower loading plane is adjustable by a known mechanism, for example rack, screw and translation nut or any other appropriate means.
  • these flat support supports 19 or trays 20 will be chosen to be as small as possible to make them lighter and therefore easier to transport, handle and store, and to facilitate their deletion when they are not in use. .
  • the sidewall walls 15 and 16 can extend vertically upwards up to the limit authorized by the applicable railway gauge, which makes it possible to protect, during their transport, the vehicles loaded on the two floors of the carrying railway structure 1.
  • the sidewall walls 15 and 16 can be in many different forms and variants. Unable to describe them all, a limited number of examples have been chosen and developed below.
  • side walls 15 and 16 without any intermediate stud.
  • These consist of a general frame defining a circumscribed surface covered with one or more juxtaposed sheets of sheet metal.
  • the areas in line with the joints with the removable retractable or erasable support plates, are reinforced. If necessary, the sheet is reinforced on its rear face along a vertical zone extending between each articulation to a support plate and the connection corresponding to the support rail structure 1.
  • flank 15 and 16 with thin protection for example a sheet veil or a sheet of flexible material of a textile or plastic element, for example a tarpaulin covering the entire lateral surface and bearing on uprights 21
  • this type of side walls 15 and 16 requires a minimum frame to support, at the level of each articulation or attachment point, the weight of the loaded plates 20. Amounts, posts or other suitable means must be provided for this purpose.
  • the sidewall walls 15 and 16 may each be formed from uprights mechanically connected each to the edges or to the edge profiles 22 of the lower loading floor 12. If necessary, the uprights 21 will be mechanically stabilized and braced and joined at their upper part by an upper mechanical connection which can constitute the mechanical base of the roof structure.
  • a closing door is provided on one of the front faces. If necessary, the door is fitted to the only accessible front face. It is intended for the passage of operators and any person having to access the interior. The opposite front face is then closed for security reasons.
  • Means for immobilization and stowage means are also provided on the lower loading plane 12, these being specific either to the road units transported or to the road vehicles transported. It is the same on the upper loading floor 18 for road vehicles.
  • Road vehicles are moved by their own means by operators to the place they will occupy for their transport.
  • an inclined access ramp such as 23 adjustable in height at at least two positions on its inclined plane 24 allows road vehicles to access the lower loading floor 12 and the upper loading plane 18 respectively in its low and high position.
  • the loading, then unloading is carried out stage by stage, the cars being arranged one after the other in the appropriate locations along the useful space existing on the flat supports 19 or trays 20 of the upper stage on the floor upper loading 18 and lower loading floor 12.
  • the upper space of the supporting railway structure can be opened or closed by a covering structure 25. This can be flexible or else rigid and articulated. If it is chosen for the upper central space to remain open, there is no structure or predisposition for closing.
  • a roof 28 in the form for example of two folding shells 29 and 30 closing the upper space by juxtaposition of their free edges, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, makes it possible to quickly carry out the operations of loading and unloading and to ensure sufficient protection against bad weather, dust and any disturbance coming from outside.
  • the profile of the folding hulls 29 and 30 is such that their lower part remains rising over a certain length so as to provide a free space in extension of the side walls of flank 15 and 16, sufficient space not to interfere with the posts 31 of the articulated road units 10 transported.
  • These folding protective shells 29 and 30 serve in the open position of bodyguards for operators.
  • the profile of the lower part 32 of the wagon is such that it makes the best use of the possibilities of the railway gauge, in particular in its lower limit.
  • the lower loading floor 12 is thus located by construction at a low level and in general as low as the lower limit of the railway gauge as shown in FIG. 6 allows.
  • the lower longitudinal edges 33 and 34 of the wagon must be raised to avoid interfering with the track devices.
  • these raising structures or supports 37 are spaced towards the inside of the carrying railway structure 1 by a distance compatible with the average track width of the vehicle-transported road assemblies.
  • the carrying railway structure according to the invention can admit an articulated road unit 10 transporting road vehicles without its power unit unit formed for example of a trailer and a removable body mounted on the truck.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show the case of transporting an articulated road unit 10 without its truck.
  • the loading and unloading of this road unit 10 is carried out in the pivoted position of the rail structure 1 using the access ramp 23 with two height-adjustable positions and the motor-tractor unit used for the maneuvers of this articulated road unit 10.
  • the roof 28 is fully opened by folding the two shells 29 and 30 outwards to allow the entry of the road unit with the pneumatic suspensions inflated in the running state. .
  • the dissociation with the motorcycle-tractor road group takes place and the latter is released for other uses.
  • the carrier body 1 of the articulated road assembly 10 is then fixed to the carrier rail structure, and this preferably body to body. In certain cases, to gain useful loading height, the suspension of the articulated road assembly is deflated. This operation must of course take place before securing the structures.
  • the pivoting roof shells 29 and 30 are then folded down to close in order to completely close the conveyor rail unit.
  • Unloading is carried out in reverse, the motor-tractor unit comes in reverse gear at the entrance to the carrying railway structure.
  • the articulated road unit 10 is ready for road transport after its association with the body structure carrying the road vehicles and opening the roof then, if necessary, inflating the suspensions under road driving conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a mixed-use railway unit characterized in that it comprises a pivoting railway structure (1) consisting of a low-frame base (11) forming a lower loading floor (12) and two flank lateral walls (15) and (16), comprising each support means (17) combined with means for supporting directly transported vehicles, retractable or foldable in inactive position and brought in horizontal working position to form an upper floor for road vehicles to be transported, the lateral walls (15) and (16) being optionally prolonged by a retractable, detachable or foldable covering structure (25). The invention is applicable to mixed rail/road transport of road vehicles either directly or by loading vehicle-carrying trucks on the railway car.

Description

Unité ferroviaire à usage mixte pour le transport combiné rail/route de véhicules routiers. Mixed-use rail unit for combined rail / road transport of road vehicles.
La présente invention se rapporte à une unité ferroviaire à usage mixte pour le transport combiné rail/route de véhicules routiers ou d'autres charges routières et leur chargement/déchargement.The present invention relates to a mixed-use rail unit for combined rail / road transport of road vehicles or other road loads and their loading / unloading.
La livraison des véhicules routiers tels que, sans que cette liste ne soit limitative, automobiles, tracteurs, camions, châssis-cabines, etc. depuis' le lieu de leur production jusqu'aux points de livraison à la clientèle s ' organise actuellement de la façon suivante.The delivery of road vehicles such as, without this list being exhaustive, automobiles, tractors, trucks, chassis cabs, etc. from 'the place of their production to the points of delivery to customers' is currently organized as follows.
Les véhicules sortis des chaînes de fabrication sont stockés sur des aires extérieures de stockage du constructeur jusqu'à leur prise en charge pour enlèvement. Pour permettre la diffusion de cette importante quantité de véhicules dans des conditions acceptables, les sites des constructeurs ont été traditionnellement raccordés au réseau ferroviaire. Les véhicules à enlever sont chargés à partir des zones de stockage sur des trains présentant une succession de wagons spécialisés comportant chacun un double étage de chargement et de transport. Pendant les phases de chargement et de déchargement du train, des passerelles de liaison relient entre eux les étages de même niveau des wagons spécialisés successifs du train. Les véhicules sont déplacés puis chargés sur l'un des étages depuis l'arrière du train, par leurs propres moyens, l'un après l'autre en file jusqu'à remplissage de la succession de wagons sur toute sa longueur. On charge ensuite de la même façon l'autre étage du train. Les opérations de déchargement du train s ' effectuent dans l'ordre inverse. Le déchargement ne s 'effectuant que par l'arrière du train, ce mode de transport ne permet pas en pratique de décharger sélectivement et de façon optimale, tout au long du parcours ferroviaire, certains des véhicules transportés par le train en fonction de leur destination finale. C'est pourquoi les constructeurs ont organisé à proximité de certaines gares ferroviaires des zones de regroupement destinées à accueillir en grandes quantités les véhicules transportés par le train. Lorsque le train arrive à la gare ferroviaire, les véhicules sont tous déchargés du train 1 ' un après 1 ' autre par leurs propres moyens , dans l'ordre inverse de leur chargement sur le train, éventuellement transportés par route sur des unités ou ensembles de transport routiers de véhicules conçus spécifiquement pour ce type de transport connus sous le nom générique de véhicules porte-voitures, et finalement parqués sur les zones de regroupement. On attribuera à ce terme porte-voitures le sens le plus général à savoir un porteur de tout type de véhicules routiers .Vehicles taken out of the production lines are stored in the manufacturer's external storage areas until they are picked up for removal. To allow the distribution of this large quantity of vehicles in acceptable conditions, the manufacturers' sites have traditionally been connected to the rail network. The vehicles to be removed are loaded from the storage areas on trains presenting a succession of specialized wagons each comprising a double stage of loading and transport. During the loading and unloading phases of the train, connecting walkways interconnect the floors of the same level of the successive specialized wagons of the train. The vehicles are moved and then loaded onto one of the floors from the rear of the train, by their own means, one after the other in line until the succession of wagons is filled over its entire length. The other stage of the train is then loaded in the same way. The train unloading operations are carried out in reverse order. Unloading being carried out only from the rear of the train, this mode of transport does not in practice make it possible to selectively and unload optimal, throughout the rail journey, some of the vehicles transported by train depending on their final destination. This is why the manufacturers have organized near certain railway stations regrouping zones intended to receive in large quantities the vehicles transported by the train. When the train arrives at the railway station, the vehicles are all unloaded from the train one after the other by their own means, in the reverse order of their loading onto the train, possibly transported by road on units or sets of road transport of vehicles designed specifically for this type of transport known under the generic name of car transporter vehicles, and finally parked in the regrouping areas. This term car transporter will be given the most general meaning, namely a carrier of all types of road vehicles.
Après stockage sur la zone de regroupement, les véhicules sont répartis et chargés en fonction de leurs destinations finales sur des véhicules porte- voitures. Ils sont alors acheminés, selon les cas, soit jusqu'à leur destination finale, soit jusqu'à des zones de regroupement secondaires d'où ils seront finalement acheminés par route sur d'autres véhicules porte- voitures jusqu'au point de livraison à la clientèle.After storage in the regrouping area, the vehicles are distributed and loaded according to their final destinations on car transport vehicles. They are then routed, as the case may be, either to their final destination, or to secondary consolidation areas from where they will ultimately be routed by road on other car transporters to the delivery point at customers.
En définitive, les véhicules livrés font l'objet d'au moins trois cycles de chargement et de déchargement qui génèrent inévitablement chacun des risques de détérioration aux véhicules transportés. Les wagons destinés au transport des véhicules présentent par ailleurs sur le plan de chargement inférieur un chemin de roulage non plan du fait de la présence des bogies des wagons . La garde au sol des véhicules fabriqués de nos jours étant plus basse, notamment à l'avant, ceci génère en outre lors du chargement et du déchargement des risques d'interférence lors du franchissement des voies de roulage surélevées ménagées au-dessus des bogies du wagon. Entre les cycles de déchargement les véhicules à livrer sont parqués à l'extérieur sur des aires en général ni couvertes ni closes. Jusqu'à leur livraison au client, les véhicules restent ainsi exposés à d'importants risques de dégradations. Ils sont également sujets à des salissures. Afin d'assurer une meilleure préservation, les constructeurs conditionnent les véhicules pour les protéger des détériorations mineures. Préalablement à leur livraison, il faut donc enlever les protections du conditionnement et laver le véhicule, ce qui engage des coûts supplémentaires .Ultimately, the vehicles delivered are subject to at least three loading and unloading cycles which inevitably generate each risk of damage to the vehicles transported. The wagons intended for the transport of vehicles moreover have on the lower loading plane a non-planar rolling path due to the presence of the bogies of the wagons. The ground clearance of vehicles manufactured today is lower, especially at the front, this also generates during loading and unloading the risk of interference during crossing of the elevated taxiways provided above the wagon bogies. Between the unloading cycles, the vehicles to be delivered are parked outside on areas generally neither covered nor closed. Until delivery to the customer, the vehicles thus remain exposed to significant risks of damage. They are also subject to soiling. In order to ensure better preservation, the manufacturers condition the vehicles to protect them from minor deterioration. Prior to their delivery, it is therefore necessary to remove the protections from the packaging and wash the vehicle, which incurs additional costs.
Par ailleurs ce mode d'acheminement traditionnel nécessite de gérer et de maintenir 1 ' infrastructure des zones de stockage et de regroupement, ce qui augmente le coût de revient du transport. La multiplication des transferts d'un véhicule de chargement à l'autre, qu'il soit ferroviaire ou routier, impose une gestion efficace de la disponibilité et de la présence dans les délais de l'ensemble des véhicules utilisés pour le transport. Cette logistique ne permet de raccourcir ni facilement ni de façon significative la durée s ' écoulant entre la fabrication des véhicules et leur livraison finale aux clients, alors que dans le contexte concurrentiel exacerbé vécu actuellement par les constructeurs, il leur apparaît incontournable de réduire les coûts auxquels ils s ' exposent et notamment les coûts induits par le transport, de raccourcir les délais de livraison et la durée d'immobilisation des produits fabriqués, et d'améliorer la prévention des risques de détérioration des produits.Furthermore, this traditional mode of transport requires managing and maintaining the infrastructure of the storage and regrouping zones, which increases the cost price of transport. The proliferation of transfers from one loading vehicle to another, whether rail or road, requires effective management of the availability and on-time presence of all the vehicles used for transport. This logistics does not make it possible to shorten either easily or significantly the time elapsing between the manufacture of vehicles and their final delivery to customers, whereas in the fiercely competitive context currently experienced by manufacturers, it appears to them essential to reduce costs to which they are exposed and in particular the costs induced by the transport, to shorten the delivery times and the duration of immobilization of the manufactured products, and to improve the prevention of the risks of deterioration of the products.
Pour éviter certains de ces inconvénients, il pourrait être envisagé de charger les véhicules à transporter directement sur des véhicules routiers, qui eux-mêmes seraient transportés par le train. Il est connu notamment de transporter des véhicules routiers sur des autoroutes ferroviaires constituées d'une succession de wagons plats sur lesquels les véhicules routiers accèdent directement à partir du quai par leurs propres moyens. Comme dans le cas des wagons porte-voitures décrits plus haut, le train ne peut être chargé et déchargé qu'en file par l'une de ses extrémités ce qui amène aux mêmes inconvénients que dans le premier cas. Arrivés à la gare de destination les véhicules routiers transportés quittent le train par leurs propres moyens 1 ' un après 1 ' autre en roulant sur les plates-formes successives du train puis accèdent au quai de même hauteur et rejoignent la destination suivante par le réseau routier. Les autoroutes ferroviaires sont ainsi adaptées au transport de camions et d'ensembles routiers attelés mais elles ne permettent pas en l'état, le transport d'une remorque seule. Ces réalisations présentent d'une part l'inconvénient de voir immobilisé le véhicule à moteur des ensembles routiers pendant toute la durée du transport. Par ailleurs, les unités et ensembles routiers porte- voitures adaptés pour assurer un transport optimal ou tout au moins rentable de véhicules présentent en configuration de transport des hauteurs de chargement incompatibles avec l'utilisation des autoroutes ferroviaires. Un véhicule routier porte-voitures chargé sur un wagon d'autoroute ferroviaire dépasse du gabarit ferroviaire dédié à ces autoroutes . Les autoroutes ferroviaires ne comportent par conception aucun élément de protection des véhicules transportées et le risque de dégradation à ces véhicules reste important. Ce type de transport ne confère pas la souplesse nécessaire car l'ensemble des véhicules routiers articulés sont tous transportés dans le même train à une gare principale desservant par la route d'autres destinations. Les autoroutes ferroviaires sont organisées de façon générale en navettes sur des lignes ferroviaires prédéfinies, ce qui ne permet pas de desservir efficacement toutes les destinations. Les gares spécialisées dites ferroroutières nécessitent d'importantes infrastructures et d'espaces étendus pour les manoeuvres et se trouvent souvent sensiblement éloignées de la destination finale. Pour réutiliser le train, il faut le décharger en entier car celui-ci est constitué de véhicules chargés les uns derrière les autres. Dans la pratique, les sites des constructeurs ne sont pas adaptés ni organisés à ce jour pour permettre, à l'aide de véhicules routiers porte- voitures, l'enlèvement en usine des véhicules fabriqués . Une troisième alternative consisterait à utiliser des wagons spécialement conçus pour le transport ferroviaire de semi-remorques . Une grande partie des réalisations correspondantes est incompatible avec les ensembles routiers porte-voitures offrant le volume utile de chargement le plus performant : il s'agit notamment d'ensembles attelés composés d'un camion et d'une remorque ou encore d'une carrosserie déposable sur laquelle est articulée une remorque. Mais les réalisations selon cette troisième alternative ne sont pas non plus compatibles avec l'organisation actuelle des usines des constructeurs de véhicules qui ne sont équipées que pour un enlèvement par train traditionnel. De plus, de nombreuses réalisations ne permettent pas, lors du transport d'une semi-remorque routière porte-voitures de se conformer au gabarit ferroviaire imposé pour la circulation du train. Par ailleurs, les wagons ne comportent pas en général, d'équipements de protection des véhicules transportés . Pour des raisons d'optimisation en souplesse, en coût et en temps, on souhaite remédier à tous ces inconvénients et, dans ce sens, réduire le nombre d'opérations intermédiaires de chargement/déchargement jusqu'à la destination finale, opérations qui représentent un risque de détérioration, des temps morts, des parcages coûteux et une logistique complexe et de ce fait difficile à améliorer.To avoid some of these drawbacks, it could be envisaged to load the vehicles to be transported directly onto road vehicles, which themselves would be transported by train. It is known in particular to transport road vehicles on rail motorways consisting of a succession of flat wagons on which road vehicles access directly from the platform by their own means. As in the case of the car transport wagons described above, the train can only be loaded and unloaded in line by one of its ends, which leads to the same drawbacks as in the first case. Arrived at the destination station, the transported road vehicles leave the train on their own, one after the other, rolling on the successive platforms of the train, then reach the platform of the same height and reach the next destination by road network. . Rail motorways are thus suitable for the transport of trucks and harnessed road units, but they do not allow the transport of a trailer alone. On the one hand, these embodiments have the drawback of seeing the motor vehicle of the road assemblies immobilized during the entire duration of the transport. In addition, car transporter units and road assemblies adapted to ensure optimal or at least profitable vehicle transport have loading heights incompatible with the use of rail motorways in the transport configuration. A car transporter road vehicle loaded on a rail motorway wagon exceeds the railway gauge dedicated to these motorways. Rail motorways do not by design have any element of protection for the vehicles transported and the risk of damage to these vehicles remains significant. This type of transport does not provide the necessary flexibility since all articulated road vehicles are all transported in the same train to a main station serving other destinations by road. Rail motorways are organized so generally by shuttles on predefined railway lines, which does not allow efficient service to all destinations. Specialized so-called railroad stations require significant infrastructure and extensive space for maneuvers and are often far from the final destination. To reuse the train, it must be unloaded in its entirety because it consists of vehicles loaded one behind the other. In practice, the manufacturers' sites have not been adapted or organized to date to allow, using road transport vehicles, the removal of manufactured vehicles from the factory. A third alternative would be to use wagons specially designed for the transport of semi-trailers by rail. A large part of the corresponding achievements is incompatible with the car transporter road assemblies offering the most efficient useful load volume: these are in particular harnessed assemblies composed of a truck and a trailer or even a bodywork removable on which a trailer is articulated. But the achievements according to this third alternative are also not compatible with the current organization of factories of vehicle manufacturers who are only equipped for removal by traditional train. In addition, many embodiments do not allow, during the transport of a car carrier road semi-trailer to comply with the railway gauge imposed for the movement of the train. In addition, wagons generally do not include protective equipment for the vehicles transported. For reasons of optimization in flexibility, cost and time, we wish to remedy all these drawbacks and, in this sense, reduce the number intermediate loading / unloading operations to the final destination, operations which represent a risk of deterioration, downtime, costly parking and complex logistics and therefore difficult to improve.
Il faut ainsi introduire le maximum de souplesse dans l'organisation des convois et dans le transport, mais aussi dans la composition et la structure même de ceux-ci. Il faut également ménager la possibilité de rester compatible en utilisation avec l'organisation et les moyens actuels des constructeurs de véhicules.It is thus necessary to introduce maximum flexibility in the organization of convoys and in transport, but also in the composition and the very structure of these. It is also necessary to allow the possibility of remaining compatible in use with the current organization and means of vehicle manufacturers.
A cet effet, l'unité ferroviaire de transport à usage mixte selon l'invention se situe dans le domaine du transport des véhicules routiers et a pour but de servir au transport ferroviaire direct des véhicules routiers sur des supports amovibles escamotables ou effaçables adaptés et dans une autre configuration de pouvoir servir à transporter une unité ou un ensemble routier porte-voitures, de préférence sans son unité motrice. On entend indifféremment par unité routière ou par ensemble routier, sans que cette liste soit exhaustive, un camion, une remorque, une semi-remorque, une carrosserie déposable, une caisse mobile, un conteneur ou un ensemble attelé ou accouplé de ces véhicules routiers.To this end, the mixed-use rail transport unit according to the invention is located in the field of road vehicle transport and aims to be used for direct rail transport of road vehicles on removable retractable or erasable supports adapted and in another configuration of being able to be used to transport a unit or a car transporter road assembly, preferably without its power unit. The term “road unit” or “road combination” is understood to mean, without this list being exhaustive, a truck, a trailer, a semi-trailer, a removable bodywork, a swap body, a container or a coupled or coupled assembly of these road vehicles.
L'unité ferroviaire présente une structure porteuse pivotante grâce à des moyens de levage et de pivotement connus, permettant la mise en oblique du wagon pour son chargement/déchargement. De ce fait, dans un train comportant des unités ferroviaires de transport selon l'invention, il est possible de charger et de décharger les unités indépendamment les unes des autres. En outre, comme c'est l'unité ferroviaire qui est chargée, les véhicules n'ont pas à franchir des zones surélevées de passage de bogies comme c'est le cas dans les wagons porte-voitures classiques. Ceci met 03/031247The rail unit has a pivoting carrying structure thanks to known lifting and pivoting means, allowing the wagon to be set obliquely for its loading / unloading. Therefore, in a train comprising railway transport units according to the invention, it is possible to load and unload the units independently of each other. In addition, as it is the railway unit which is loaded, the vehicles do not have to pass through raised areas of bogie passage as is the case in conventional car transport wagons. This puts 03/031247
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fin à l'une des sources de détériorations inhérentes à ces wagons.one of the sources of deterioration inherent in these wagons.
Ainsi, il devient possible de transporter dans les meilleures conditions de souplesse et de rentabilité les véhicules routiers depuis leur lieu de fabrication jusqu'au lieu de livraison au client, tout en tenant compte des installations existantes des usines avec lesquelles s ' organise actuellement ce transport. On peut optimiser dans tous les cas les opérations de chargement/déchargement et réduire leur nombre. Il devient ainsi possible, aux différentes destinations, de vider ou de charger, partiellement ou totalement, seulement certains des wagons, sans devoir évacuer ou charger tout le train comme dans le cas des autoroutes ferroviaires ou des wagons porte-voitures traditionnels. La logistique devient plus simple et plus discrète. Elle offre de nouvelles possibilités de planification de la distribution des véhicules à livrer.Thus, it becomes possible to transport road vehicles in the best conditions of flexibility and profitability from their place of manufacture to the place of delivery to the customer, while taking into account the existing installations of the factories with which this transport is currently organized. . We can optimize in all cases the loading / unloading operations and reduce their number. It thus becomes possible, at the different destinations, to empty or load, partially or totally, only some of the wagons, without having to evacuate or load the whole train as in the case of rail motorways or traditional car transport wagons. Logistics becomes simpler and more discreet. It offers new possibilities for planning the distribution of vehicles to be delivered.
Par ailleurs, les besoins de délestage du réseau routier amplifient les avantages spécifiques de la présente invention.Furthermore, the load shedding needs of the road network amplify the specific advantages of the present invention.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description qui suit, donnée à titre d'exemple et accompagnée des dessins qui représentent :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear in the description which follows, given by way of example and accompanied by the drawings which represent:
. la figure 1 est une vue de profil de la structure ferroviaire transporteuse vide dans une de ses versions,. FIG. 1 is a side view of the empty conveyor rail structure in one of its versions,
. la figure 2 est une vue en coupe de la structure ferroviaire transporteuse vide dans une de ses versions,. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the empty conveyor rail structure in one of its versions,
. la figure 3 est une vue de profil de la structure ferroviaire transporteuse chargée en voitures du type monospace,. FIG. 3 is a side view of the transport railway structure loaded with minivan type cars,
. la figure 4 est une vue frontale de la structure transporteuse chargée en voitures du type onospace, . la figure 5 est une vue de profil de la structure ferroviaire transporteuse contenant un ensemble routier articulé chargé en voitures, . la figure 6 est une vue frontale de la structure ferroviaire transporteuse de la figure 5, . les figures 7 et 8 sont deux vues en perspective illustrant le chargement ou le déchargement en voitures de la structure ferroviaire transporteuse, . les figures 9 et 10 sont deux vues en perspective illustrant l'entrée ou la sortie d'un ensemble routier articulé de la structure ferroviaire transporteuse .. Figure 4 is a front view of the structure conveyor loaded in onospace type cars,. FIG. 5 is a side view of the conveyor rail structure containing an articulated road assembly loaded with cars,. FIG. 6 is a front view of the conveyor rail structure of FIG. 5,. FIGS. 7 and 8 are two perspective views illustrating the loading or unloading in cars of the railway structure,. Figures 9 and 10 are two perspective views illustrating the entry or exit of an articulated road assembly of the transporting railway structure.
L'unité ferroviaire de transport à usage mixte selon l'invention se compose d'une structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 accrochée ou fixée ou autrement reliée de façon verrouillable et désolidarisable par au moins une de ses extrémités 2 et 3 à l'ensemble roulant d'extrémité adjacent, avant 4 ou arrière 5. Chaque ensemble roulant d'extrémité se compose d'une plateforme d'extrémité 6 ou 7 montée sur un ou des bogie(s) ou bien sur un ou des essieu(x).The mixed-use rail transport unit according to the invention consists of a carrying rail structure 1 hooked or fixed or otherwise connected in a lockable and detachable manner by at least one of its ends 2 and 3 to the rolling assembly of adjacent end, front 4 or rear 5. Each end rolling assembly consists of an end platform 6 or 7 mounted on one or more bogies or on one or more axles.
La structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 est du type à dégagement latéral par pivotement soit d'extrémité directement autour d'un centre de pivotement d'extrémité ou supportée par une traverse d'extrémité montée pivotante sur le wagon suivant, soit central par tout moyen adapté.The supporting railway structure 1 is of the type with lateral clearance by pivoting either at the end directly around an end pivoting center or supported by an end crossmember pivotally mounted on the next wagon, or central by any suitable means.
Il peut s'agir d'un centre de pivotement, central ou d'extrémité, associé à un élément rectiligne de jonction et de retenue des plates-formes d'extrémité 6 et 7 en combinaison avec des moyens motorisés de levage-pivotement prévus par exemple sur les voies dans les gares de chargement et de déchargement. II peut s'agir aussi d'un centre de pivotement d'extrémité permettant à la structure ferroviaire de se désaxer plus faiblement, mais condamnant en exploitation 1 ' extrémité de pivotement et ceci autour d'une traverse de pivotement portée par le wagon suivant.It may be a pivoting center, central or end, associated with a rectilinear element for joining and retaining the end platforms 6 and 7 in combination with motorized lifting-pivoting means provided by example on tracks in loading and unloading stations. It can also be an end pivot center allowing the railway structure to offset more weakly, but condemning in operation the pivot end and this around a pivot crosspiece carried by the next wagon.
De façon plus générale, on peut utiliser un ensemble quelconque de dégagement latéral en oblique mais de préférence par pivotement.More generally, any set of lateral clearance can be used obliquely, but preferably by pivoting.
La structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 selon 1 ' invention présente des moyens adaptés pour réaliser le transport direct de véhicules routiers par exemple de voitures telles que 8 ou de camionnettes ou fourgonnettes telles que 9 ou le transport d'unités ou d'ensembles routiers 10 spécifiquement prévus pour le transport de véhicules routiers.The carrying railway structure 1 according to the invention has means suitable for carrying out the direct transport of road vehicles, for example cars such as 8 or vans or vans such as 9 or the transport of units or road units 10 specifically provided for the transport of road vehicles.
On décrira d ' abord la structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 dans son ensemble telle que représentée sur les figures 1 à 6.The carrier rail structure 1 as a whole will first be described as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6.
Il s'agit d'une structure présentant un fond surbaissé 11 par exemple jusqu'au minimum admissible par la réglementation ferroviaire et à profil de forme générale concave.It is a structure with a lowered bottom 11, for example up to the minimum admissible by railway regulations and with a generally concave profile.
Ce fond surbaissé 11 constitue un plancher inférieur de chargement 12 renforcé au besoin localement par des raidisseurs. Ce plancher est de préférence mince pour gagner en volume utile de chargement et admettre ainsi deux niveaux de chargement en véhicules routiers ou un ensemble routier 10 transporteur de véhicules routiers sans son unité motrice. Il est même réalisé dans une version préférée le plus fin possible. II peut présenter en sous face comme on peut le constater plus spécialement sur la figure 6 un canal central 13 résultant d'une cavité longitudinale en retrait servant de logement à une liaison mécanique 14 de longueur constante entre les deux plates-formes d'extrémité 6 et 7 et ceci en vue de les maintenir à une distance fixe l'une de l'autre lors des opérations de chargement/déchargement. Une des extrémités, 2 ou 3 seulement ou les deux extrémités 2 et 3 de la structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 présente(nt) des moyens d'accrochage et de fixation dissociables et verrouillables sur la face en regard ou sur le dessus de la ou des plate( s ) -forme( s ) correspondante( s ) 6 ou 7 ou 6 et 7 en vue de l'assemblage-association après chargement et du démontage-dissociation avant le déchargement.This lowered bottom 11 constitutes a lower loading floor 12 reinforced locally if necessary by stiffeners. This floor is preferably thin in order to gain useful loading volume and thus to allow two levels of loading in road vehicles or a road unit 10 transporting road vehicles without its power unit. It is even made in a preferred version as thin as possible. It can have on the underside, as can be seen more particularly in FIG. 6, a central channel 13 resulting from a recessed longitudinal cavity serving as a housing for a mechanical connection 14 of constant length between the two end platforms 6 and 7 and this in order to keep them at a fixed distance from each other during loading / unloading operations. One of the ends, only 2 or 3 or both ends 2 and 3 of the carrying railway structure 1 has (s) attachment and dissociable and lockable fixing means on the facing face or on the top of the platform (s) (s) -form (s) corresponding (s) 6 or 7 or 6 and 7 for assembly-association after loading and disassembly-dissociation before unloading.
La structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 se poursuit d'un côté par exemple vers l'avant, par une extrémité en saillie en porte-à-faux venant par exemple s ' encliqueter dans une structure complémentaire de stabilisation comme décrit dans une protection parallèle. Le fond surbaissé 11 se prolonge vers le haut par des parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16 reliées mécaniquement à celui-ci et constituant avec le fond surbaissé 11 l'essentiel de sa carrosserie et de ses éléments structurels. Ces parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16 servent de structures de support sur lesquelles viennent se monter des moyens de soutien 17 réglables en hauteur et amovibles, escamotables ou effaçables, destinés à constituer un plancher supérieur de chargement 18 supportant une pluralité de véhicules routiers en position de transport comme représenté sur les figures 2 et 4 et qui disparaît de cet espace dans la configuration de transport d'un ensemble routier (figure 6) .The supporting rail structure 1 continues on one side, for example towards the front, by a projecting overhanging end which, for example, engages in a complementary stabilization structure as described in parallel protection. The lowered bottom 11 is extended upwards by lateral side walls 15 and 16 mechanically connected to the latter and constituting with the lowered bottom 11 most of its bodywork and its structural elements. These sidewall walls 15 and 16 serve as support structures on which are mounted support means 17 adjustable in height and removable, retractable or erasable, intended to constitute an upper loading floor 18 supporting a plurality of road vehicles in position transport as shown in Figures 2 and 4 and which disappears from this space in the transport configuration of a road unit (Figure 6).
Ces moyens de soutien 17 sont formés d'éléments de supports destinés à supporter pour chacun d'entre eux et à chaque fois avec son homologue en regard ou à lui tout seul un véhicule routier ou une partie de celui-ci. Ces moyens de soutien (17) sont escamotables, amovibles ou effaçables par exemple contre ou dans chacune des parois latérales de flanc (15) et (16).These support means 17 are formed of support elements intended to support for each of them and each time with its opposite counterpart or all by itself a road vehicle or a part thereof. These support means (17) are retractable, removable or erasable, for example against or in each of the sidewall sides (15) and (16).
On peut citer à tire d'exemple une pluralité de supports plans porteurs par exemple individuels tels que 19 dont la position est réglable en hauteur. Il s'agit, par exemple de plateaux 20 formés d'éléments de platelage ou autre réalisés amovibles ou escamotables entre une position effacée de repos et une position active de travail dans laquelle les plateaux 20 homologues sont dressés à l'horizontale et peuvent venir à jonction ou à recouvrement par leurs bords latéraux, permettant de constituer par leur succession longitudinale un plan horizontal de roulage et de soutien sur lequel passent les véhicules au cours des phases de chargement ou de déchargement et sur lequel reposent les véhicules en position de transport. Les bords longitudinaux intérieurs en regard de ces plateaux 20 sont soit jointifs comme représenté sur les figures soit écartés pour réduire la largeur de ces plateaux 20.We can cite by way of example a plurality flat support supports, for example individual ones such as 19 whose position is adjustable in height. These are, for example trays 20 formed of decking elements or other made removable or retractable between a retracted position of rest and an active working position in which the trays 20 counterparts are erected horizontally and can come to junction or overlapping by their lateral edges, making it possible to constitute, by their longitudinal succession, a horizontal rolling and support plane over which the vehicles pass during the loading or unloading phases and on which the vehicles rest in the transport position. The internal longitudinal edges opposite these plates 20 are either contiguous as shown in the figures, or separated to reduce the width of these plates 20.
Ces plateaux 20 porteurs des véhicules routiers transportés directement sont appelés supports plans en raison de leur forme générale plane. Il est bien entendu que ceux-ci peuvent présenter des saillies ou des retraits ou toute autre conformation spécifique.These trays 20 carrying road vehicles transported directly are called planar supports because of their generally planar shape. It is understood that these can have protrusions or recesses or any other specific conformation.
Une variante de réalisation consiste à prévoir ces supports plans 19, en particulier ces plateaux 20 articulés chacun par un de ses côtés longitudinaux sur par exemple un élément longitudinal, profilé de rive ou autre de la paroi latérale adjacente 15 ou 16 ou sur un ou deux montants 21 successifs ou zone(s) verticale(s) de renforcement, par exemple par des articulations de pivotement du type charnière ou autre permettant aux supports plans porteurs 19, en particulier aux plateaux 20, de venir s'effacer par rabattement contre la face interne de la paroi latérale adjacente et de se dresser en position horizontale pour être immobilisés dans cette position par des moyens appropriés .An alternative embodiment consists in providing these flat supports 19, in particular these plates 20 each articulated by one of its longitudinal sides on for example a longitudinal element, profiled edge or other of the adjacent side wall 15 or 16 or on one or two successive uprights 21 or vertical area (s) of reinforcement, for example by pivot hinges of the hinge type or the like allowing the flat support supports 19, in particular to the plates 20, to be erased by folding against the face internal of the adjacent side wall and to stand in a horizontal position to be immobilized in this position by appropriate means.
A cet effet, on peut prévoir selon une variante à titre d'exemple non limitatif, des montants ou des poteaux de levage par exemple du type de ceux connus pour les véhicules porte-voitures ou plus généralement porte-véhicules. Pour chaque poteau, l'endroit où les efforts sont transmis à la paroi latérale adjacente et au châssis sont renforcés mécaniquement par des doublages, par des raidisseurs ou autres moyens.To this end, provision may be made according to a variant by way of nonlimiting example, uprights or lifting posts for example of the type of those known for car-carrier vehicles or more generally vehicle-carriers. For each post, the place where the forces are transmitted to the adjacent side wall and to the frame are mechanically reinforced by doublings, by stiffeners or other means.
Pour s'adapter aux différences dimensionnelles des véhicules routiers transportés, la hauteur de ces supports plans en particulier de ces plateaux 20, par rapport au plan inférieur de chargement est réglable par un mécanisme connu par exemple à crémaillère, à vis et écrou de translation ou tout autre moyen approprié.To adapt to the dimensional differences of the transported road vehicles, the height of these flat supports, in particular of these plates 20, relative to the lower loading plane is adjustable by a known mechanism, for example rack, screw and translation nut or any other appropriate means.
Bien entendu, la largeur de ces supports plans porteurs 19 ou plateaux 20 sera choisie la plus faible possible pour les rendre moins lourds et donc plus faciles à transporter, à manipuler et à ranger, et pour faciliter leur effacement lorsqu'ils ne sont pas utilisés.Of course, the width of these flat support supports 19 or trays 20 will be chosen to be as small as possible to make them lighter and therefore easier to transport, handle and store, and to facilitate their deletion when they are not in use. .
Les parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16 peuvent s'étendre verticalement vers le haut jusqu'à la limite autorisée par le gabarit ferroviaire applicable, ce qui permet de protéger pendant leur transport les véhicules chargés sur les deux étages de la structure ferroviaire porteuse 1.The sidewall walls 15 and 16 can extend vertically upwards up to the limit authorized by the applicable railway gauge, which makes it possible to protect, during their transport, the vehicles loaded on the two floors of the carrying railway structure 1.
Les parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16 peuvent se présenter sous de nombreuses et différentes formes et variantes. Ne pouvant les décrire toutes, un nombre limité d'exemples a été choisi et développé ci- après .The sidewall walls 15 and 16 can be in many different forms and variants. Unable to describe them all, a limited number of examples have been chosen and developed below.
Il existe tout d'abord des parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16 sans aucun montant intermédiaire. Celles-ci sont constituées d'un cadre général définissant une surface circonscrite recouverte d'une ou de plusieurs feuilles juxtaposées de tôle. Les zones au droit des articulations avec les plateaux porteurs amovibles escamotables ou effaçables, sont renforcées. Au besoin, la tôle est renforcée sur sa face arrière le long d'une zone verticale s ' étendant entre chaque articulation à un plateau porteur et le raccordement correspondant à la structure ferroviaire porteuse 1.First, there are side walls 15 and 16 without any intermediate stud. These consist of a general frame defining a circumscribed surface covered with one or more juxtaposed sheets of sheet metal. The areas in line with the joints with the removable retractable or erasable support plates, are reinforced. If necessary, the sheet is reinforced on its rear face along a vertical zone extending between each articulation to a support plate and the connection corresponding to the support rail structure 1.
Il existe ensuite des parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16 à protection mince par exemple un voile de tôle ou une nappe de matière souple d'un élément textile ou plastique, par exemple une bâche recouvrant toute la surface latérale et prenant appui sur des montants 21. En effet, ce type de parois latérales 15 et 16 nécessite une ossature minimale pour supporter, au droit de chaque articulation ou point d'accrochage, le poids des plateaux 20 chargés. Des montants, des poteaux ou autres moyens adaptés doivent être prévus à cet effet.There are then side walls of flank 15 and 16 with thin protection for example a sheet veil or a sheet of flexible material of a textile or plastic element, for example a tarpaulin covering the entire lateral surface and bearing on uprights 21 Indeed, this type of side walls 15 and 16 requires a minimum frame to support, at the level of each articulation or attachment point, the weight of the loaded plates 20. Amounts, posts or other suitable means must be provided for this purpose.
Il existe enfin une autre catégorie que 1 ' on pourrait appeler lourde qui est destinée à transporter en étage supérieur de chargement des véhicules routiers d'un poids plus conséquent. Cette variante présentera bien entendu une structure renforcée en cadre avec un nombre adapté de montants ou de poteaux de rappel 21 disposés à intervalles par exemple réguliers tout le long de la structure ferroviaire porteuse. Ces montants ou poteaux seront placés aux endroits à soutenir à savoir les points d'application et de transfert du poids des véhicules transportés en étage supérieur de chargement Plus particulièrement, les parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16 peuvent être formées chacune de montants reliés mécaniquement chacun aux bords ou aux profilés de rive 22 du plancher inférieur 12 de chargement. Au besoin, les montants 21 seront stabilisés et contreventés mécaniquement et réunis à leur partie supérieure par une liaison mécanique supérieure pouvant constituer la base mécanique de la structure de toit.Finally, there is another category that could be called heavy, which is intended for transporting road vehicles of greater weight to the upper loading stage. This variant will of course have a reinforced frame structure with a suitable number of uprights or return posts 21 arranged at regular intervals, for example, all along the carrying railway structure. These uprights or posts will be placed at the points to be supported, namely the points of application and transfer of the weight of the vehicles transported in the upper loading stage. More particularly, the sidewall walls 15 and 16 may each be formed from uprights mechanically connected each to the edges or to the edge profiles 22 of the lower loading floor 12. If necessary, the uprights 21 will be mechanically stabilized and braced and joined at their upper part by an upper mechanical connection which can constitute the mechanical base of the roof structure.
Selon le type de pivotement de la structure porteuse 1 et de réalisation des parois latérales 15 et 16, mais surtout pour la variante mécaniquement protégée des agressions extérieures, on prévoit une porte de fermeture sux une des faces frontales . Le cas échéant, la porte équipe la seule face frontale accessible. Elle est prévue pour le passage des opérateurs et de toute personne devant accéder à l'intérieur. La face frontale opposée est alors fermée pour des raisons de sécurité.Depending on the type of pivoting of the support structure 1 and of the embodiment of the side walls 15 and 16, but especially for the variant mechanically protected from external aggressions, a closing door is provided on one of the front faces. If necessary, the door is fitted to the only accessible front face. It is intended for the passage of operators and any person having to access the interior. The opposite front face is then closed for security reasons.
Il est en outre prévu sur le plan inférieur 12 de chargement des moyens pour 1 ' immobilisation et des moyens pour l'arrimage, ceux-ci étant spécifiques soit aux ensembles routiers transportés soit aux véhicules routiers transportés . Il en est de même sur le plancher supérieur 18 de chargement pour les véhicules routiers.Means for immobilization and stowage means are also provided on the lower loading plane 12, these being specific either to the road units transported or to the road vehicles transported. It is the same on the upper loading floor 18 for road vehicles.
Les véhicules routiers sont déplacés par leurs propres moyens par des opérateurs jusqu'à l'endroit qu'ils occuperont pour leur transport.Road vehicles are moved by their own means by operators to the place they will occupy for their transport.
A cet effet, comme représenté sur les figures 7 et 8, une rampe inclinée d'accès telle que 23 réglable en hauteur à au moins deux positions de son plan incliné 24 permet l'accès des véhicules routiers au plancher inférieur 12 de chargement et au plan supérieur 18 de chargement respectivement dans sa position basse et haute.To this end, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, an inclined access ramp such as 23 adjustable in height at at least two positions on its inclined plane 24 allows road vehicles to access the lower loading floor 12 and the upper loading plane 18 respectively in its low and high position.
Le chargement, puis le déchargement s'effectuent étage par étage, les voitures étant disposées les unes à la suite des autres aux emplacements appropriés le long de la place utile existant sur les supports plans 19 ou plateaux 20 de l'étage supérieur sur le plancher supérieur 18 de chargement et sur le plancher inférieur 12 de chargement.The loading, then unloading is carried out stage by stage, the cars being arranged one after the other in the appropriate locations along the useful space existing on the flat supports 19 or trays 20 of the upper stage on the floor upper loading 18 and lower loading floor 12.
Les opérations de chargement ou de déchargement s ' effectuent lorsque la structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 est désaxée en oblique par rapport à la voie ferrée c'est-à-dire dans sa position pivotée de chargement ou de déchargement. Comme représenté sur les figures, l'espace supérieur de la structure ferroviaire porteuse peut être ouvert ou fermé par une structure de couverture 25. Celle-ci peut être souple ou bien rigide et articulée. S'il est choisi pour l'espace central supérieur de rester ouvert, il n'existe aucune structure ou prédisposition à la fermeture.Loading or loading operations unloading takes place when the carrying railway structure 1 is offset at an angle to the rail, that is to say in its pivoted position for loading or unloading. As shown in the figures, the upper space of the supporting railway structure can be opened or closed by a covering structure 25. This can be flexible or else rigid and articulated. If it is chosen for the upper central space to remain open, there is no structure or predisposition for closing.
S'il est ouvert et prédestiné à la fermeture, il peut se trouver bordé de deux rebords longitudinaux de protection, par exemple des retours de carrosserie 26 et 27 vers l'intérieur utilisés par exemple comme supports longitudinaux de déplacement pour les traverses porteuses d'une protection souple par exemple une bâche (figures 7 à 10). Dans le cas d'un toit continu 28 sur toute la largeur de la structure, celui-ci doit pouvoir s'ouvrir pour faciliter les manoeuvres .If it is open and predestined for closing, it may be bordered by two longitudinal protective flanges, for example bodywork returns 26 and 27 inwards, used for example as longitudinal displacement supports for the sleepers carrying flexible protection, for example a tarpaulin (Figures 7 to 10). In the case of a continuous roof 28 over the entire width of the structure, it must be able to open to facilitate maneuvers.
A cet effet, un toit 28 sous la forme par exemple de deux coques rabattables 29 et 30 venant fermer l'espace supérieur par juxtaposition de leurs bords libres, comme représenté sur les figures 2, 4 et 6, permet de procéder rapidement aux opérations de chargement et de déchargement et d'assurer une protection suffisante aux intempéries, aux poussières et à toute perturbation venant de l'extérieur.To this end, a roof 28 in the form for example of two folding shells 29 and 30 closing the upper space by juxtaposition of their free edges, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, makes it possible to quickly carry out the operations of loading and unloading and to ensure sufficient protection against bad weather, dust and any disturbance coming from outside.
On remarque que le profil des coques rabattables 29 et 30 est tel que leur partie inférieure reste montante sur une certaine longueur de manière à offrir un espace libre en prolongation des parois latérales de flanc 15 et 16, espace suffisant pour ne pas interférer avec les poteaux 31 des ensembles routiers 10 articulés transportés. Ces coques rabattables de protection 29 et 30 servent en position ouverte de garde corps pour les opérateurs .It is noted that the profile of the folding hulls 29 and 30 is such that their lower part remains rising over a certain length so as to provide a free space in extension of the side walls of flank 15 and 16, sufficient space not to interfere with the posts 31 of the articulated road units 10 transported. These folding protective shells 29 and 30 serve in the open position of bodyguards for operators.
Bien entendu, il existe différentes sortes et différents profils de coques en fonction du gabarit ferroviaire en application.Of course, there are different kinds and different hull profiles depending on the railway gauge in application.
Le profil de la partie inférieure 32 du wagon est tel qu'il exploite au mieux les possibilités du gabarit ferroviaire notamment dans sa limite inférieure. Le plancher inférieur 12 de chargement est ainsi situé par construction à un niveau bas et en général aussi bas que le permet la limite inférieure du gabarit ferroviaire tel que représenté sur la figure 6.The profile of the lower part 32 of the wagon is such that it makes the best use of the possibilities of the railway gauge, in particular in its lower limit. The lower loading floor 12 is thus located by construction at a low level and in general as low as the lower limit of the railway gauge as shown in FIG. 6 allows.
Pour des raisons de compatibilité avec les voies, les bords longitudinaux inférieurs 33 et 34 du wagon doivent être relevés pour éviter d'interférer avec les appareils de voies.For reasons of compatibility with the tracks, the lower longitudinal edges 33 and 34 of the wagon must be raised to avoid interfering with the track devices.
Le profil de l'unité ferroviaire transporteuse selon 1 ' invention visible sur la figure 6 montre dans sa partie inférieure une remontée obliqueThe profile of the rail transport unit according to the invention visible in Figure 6 shows in its lower part an oblique rise
35 et 36 assez forte le long de chacun des bords latéraux inférieurs 33 et 34.35 and 36 fairly strong along each of the lower lateral edges 33 and 34.
Ces bords latéraux obliquement relevés 35 etThese obliquely raised lateral edges 35 and
36 représentent cependant un inconvénient pour les ensembles routiers porte-véhicules 10 utilisés ici comme charge transportée. En effet, la largeur de ceux- ci peut être supérieure à la largeur de la partie inférieure du wagon. En raison par ailleurs, des châssis surbaissés de plus en plus utilisés actuellement, il se produirait une interférence avec les bords obliquement relevés 35 et 36 du wagon. Pour y remédier, il est prévu selon l'invention, au besoin, des moyens de roulage à un niveau plus élevé, par exemple des structures longitudinales ou supports de rehausse 37 et 38 appelées trottoirs sur lesquels roulent et reposent les remorques et autres charges routières ainsi transportées. Ces structures ou supports de rehausse 37 et36, however, represent a drawback for the vehicle combinations 10 used here as transported load. Indeed, the width of these can be greater than the width of the lower part of the wagon. In addition, due to the lowered chassis which are used more and more today, interference would occur with the obliquely raised edges 35 and 36 of the wagon. To remedy this, provision is made according to the invention, if necessary, for means of driving at a higher level, for example longitudinal structures or raising supports 37 and 38 called sidewalks on which trailers and other road loads roll and rest. thus transported. These raising structures or supports 37 and
38 à profil en marches d'escalier, sont effaçables par exemple par basculement de manière à dégager un niveau bas pour le transport direct des véhicules routiers portés par le plancher inférieur 12 de chargement.38 with a staircase profile, can be erased for example by tilting so as to release a low level for the direct transport of road vehicles carried by the lower loading floor 12.
Bien entendu, ces structures ou supports de rehausse 37 sont espacés vers l'intérieur de la structure ferroviaire porteuse 1 d'une distance compatible avec la largeur moyenne de voie des ensembles routiers porte-véhicules transportés.Of course, these raising structures or supports 37 are spaced towards the inside of the carrying railway structure 1 by a distance compatible with the average track width of the vehicle-transported road assemblies.
La structure ferroviaire porteuse selon 1 ' invention peut admettre un ensemble routier articulé 10 transporteur de véhicules routiers sans son unité motrice ensemble formé par exemple d'une remorque et d'une carrosserie déposable montée sur le camion.The carrying railway structure according to the invention can admit an articulated road unit 10 transporting road vehicles without its power unit unit formed for example of a trailer and a removable body mounted on the truck.
Les figures 9 et 10 représentent le cas du transport d'un ensemble routier 10 articulé sans son camion.Figures 9 and 10 show the case of transporting an articulated road unit 10 without its truck.
Le chargement et le déchargement de cet ensemble routier 10 s'effectuent en position pivotée de la structure ferroviaire 1 à l'aide de la rampe d'accès 23 à deux positions réglables en hauteur et du groupe routier moto-tracteur utilisé pour les manoeuvres de cet ensemble routier articulé 10. Tout d'abord, le toit 28 est ouvert entièrement par rabattement vers 1 ' extérieur des deux coques 29 et 30 pour permettre l'entrée de l'ensemble routier avec les suspensions pneumatiques gonflées à l'état de roulage. Lorsque l'ensemble routier articulé est entré dans la structure ferroviaire porteuse et se trouve dans la position de transport, la dissociation avec le groupe routier moto-tracteur s ' effectue et ce dernier est libéré pour d'autres utilisations. On fixe ensuite la carrosserie porteuse 1 de l'ensemble routier 10 articulé à la structure ferroviaire porteuse et ceci de préférence carrosserie à carrosserie. Dans certain cas, pour gagner en hauteur utile de chargement, on dégonfle les suspensions de l'ensemble routier articulé. Cette opération doit bien entendu avoir lieu avant l'arrimage des structures. On rabat ensuite en fermeture les coques pivotantes 29 et 30 de toit pour fermer entièrement l'unité ferroviaire transporteuse.The loading and unloading of this road unit 10 is carried out in the pivoted position of the rail structure 1 using the access ramp 23 with two height-adjustable positions and the motor-tractor unit used for the maneuvers of this articulated road unit 10. First of all, the roof 28 is fully opened by folding the two shells 29 and 30 outwards to allow the entry of the road unit with the pneumatic suspensions inflated in the running state. . When the articulated road assembly has entered the carrying railway structure and is in the transport position, the dissociation with the motorcycle-tractor road group takes place and the latter is released for other uses. The carrier body 1 of the articulated road assembly 10 is then fixed to the carrier rail structure, and this preferably body to body. In certain cases, to gain useful loading height, the suspension of the articulated road assembly is deflated. This operation must of course take place before securing the structures. The pivoting roof shells 29 and 30 are then folded down to close in order to completely close the conveyor rail unit.
Le déchargement s'effectue de façon inverse, le groupe moto-tracteur vient se présenter en marche arrière à l'entrée de la structure ferroviaire porteuse. L'ensemble routier articulé 10 est prêt au transport routier après son association avec la structure de carrosserie porteuse des véhicules routiers et ouverture du toit puis le cas échéant gonflage des suspensions dans les conditions de roulage sur route. Unloading is carried out in reverse, the motor-tractor unit comes in reverse gear at the entrance to the carrying railway structure. The articulated road unit 10 is ready for road transport after its association with the body structure carrying the road vehicles and opening the roof then, if necessary, inflating the suspensions under road driving conditions.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Unité ferroviaire à usage mixte pour le transport rail/route de voitures routières automobiles, de véhicules routiers porte-voitures ou d'autres véhicules routiers ou charges routières de tout type ou de tout gabarit, constituant des véhicules routiers transportés directement ou des véhicules routiers transportés sur ou dans d'autres véhicules routiers, unité présentant une structure ferroviaire porteuse et pivotante (1) présentant un fond surbaissé (11) caractérisée en ce qu ' elle comporte :1. Mixed-use railway unit for rail / road transport of road motor cars, road vehicles, car carriers or other road vehicles or road loads of any type or size, constituting road vehicles transported directly or vehicles road transported on or in other road vehicles, unit having a load-bearing and pivoting railway structure (1) having a lowered bottom (11) characterized in that it comprises:
.le fond surbaissé (11) constituant un plan inférieur de chargement de tous les véhicules routiers et notamment des véhicules routiers transporteurs de voitures routières automobiles selon un premier usage,the lowered bottom (11) constituting a lower loading plane for all road vehicles and in particular road vehicles transporting road motor cars according to a first use,
. un plancher supérieur de chargement amovible, escamotable ou effaçable supporté par des parois latérales de flanc (15) et (16) de la structure ferroviaire porteuse reliées mécaniquement au fond surbaissé (11) pour constituer un étage supérieur de chargement destiné aux voitures et véhicules routiers transportés directement selon un second usage,. a removable, retractable or erasable upper loading floor supported by lateral side walls (15) and (16) of the carrying railway structure mechanically connected to the lowered bottom (11) to constitute an upper loading floor intended for cars and road vehicles transported directly for a second use,
. deux plates-formes d'extrémité (6) et (7) montées chacune sur un bogie ou sur un ou plusieurs essieux, sur une au moins desquelles vient se monter de façon verrouillable et dissociable une extrémité de la structure ferroviaire porteuse (1),. two end platforms (6) and (7) each mounted on a bogie or on one or more axles, on at least one of which is fitted in a lockable and separable manner at one end of the carrying railway structure (1),
. des moyens réglables de soutien (17) du plancher supérieur de chargement (18), ces moyens de soutien étant amovibles, escamotables ou effaçables en position de repos et amenés en position horizontale de travail pour constituer l'étage supérieur de chargement en vue de supporter directement une pluralité de voitures routières automobiles ou véhicules routiers transportés directement en mode ferroviaire selon le second usage, ces moyens de soutien étant montés sur les parois latérales de flanc (15) et (16) de la structure ferroviaire porteuse (1),. adjustable support means (17) of the upper loading floor (18), these support means being removable, retractable or erasable in the rest position and brought into the horizontal working position to constitute the upper loading stage in order to support directly a plurality of road cars or road vehicles transported directly in rail mode according to the second use, these support means being mounted on the sidewall walls (15) and (16) of the supporting railway structure (1),
. des moyens d'immobilisation portés par la structure ferroviaire porteuse (1) en vue de 1 ' immobilisation et de 1 ' arrimage des véhicules routiers ou d'autres charges routières transportées.. immobilization means carried by the carrying railway structure (1) for the immobilization and stowage of road vehicles or other road loads transported.
2. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu'elle pivote autour de son centre . 2. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in that it pivots around its center.
3. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication3. Railway unit according to claim
1 caractérisé en ce qu'elle pivote autour d'une de ses extrémités .1 characterized in that it pivots around one of its ends.
4. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le fond surbaissé (11) constituant un plancher inférieur (12) de chargement est mince4. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in that the lowered bottom (11) constituting a lower loading floor (12) is thin
5. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le plancher inférieur (12) de chargement présente en sous face un logement longitudinal en retrait (13) pour le passage d'une liaison mécanique (14) entre les plates-formes d ' extrémité ( 6 ) et ( 7 ) .5. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in that the lower floor (12) for loading has a recessed longitudinal housing on the underside (13) for the passage of a mechanical connection (14) between the platforms of end (6) and (7).
6. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que chaque paroi latérale de flanc (15) et (16) est fermée par une protection aux agressions extérieures.6. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in that each side wall of sidewall (15) and (16) is closed by a protection against external aggressions.
7. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que chaque paroi latérale de flanc (15) et (16) est rigide. 7. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in that each sidewall of sidewall (15) and (16) is rigid.
8. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication8. Railway unit according to claim
1 caractérisée en ce que chaque paroi latérale de flanc (15) et (16) est formée d'un matériau souple servant de bâche ou de plusieurs bâches.1 characterized in that each side wall of sidewall (15) and (16) is formed of a flexible material serving as a sheet or several sheets.
9. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que les moyens réglables de soutien (17) sont réglables en hauteur.9. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in that the adjustable support means (17) are adjustable in height.
10. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que les moyens de soutien (17) des véhicules transportés à l'étage supérieur sont articulés à pivotement et escamotables contre ou dans chacune des parois latérales de flanc. 10. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in that the support means (17) of the vehicles transported to the upper floor are pivotally articulated and retractable against or in each of the sidewall walls.
11. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de soutien (17) des véhicules transportés à l'étage supérieur sont des plans porteurs (19) ou plateaux (20), deux plateaux disposés côte à côte formant un emplacement pour un véhicule ou une partie de celui-ci.11. Railway unit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the support means (17) of the vehicles transported to the upper floor are carrier planes (19) or plates (20), two plates arranged side by side forming a location for a vehicle or part of it.
12. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en . ce qu'elle est surmontée par une structure de couverture (25), escamotable amovible ou effaçable. 12. Railway unit according to claim 1 characterized in. which it is surmounted by a cover structure (25), retractable removable or erasable.
13. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication13. Railway unit according to claim
12 caractérisée en ce que la structure de couverture (25) est formée par le retour (26) et (27) de chacun des bords longitudinaux des parois latérales ( 15 ) et (16) vers l'intérieur, l'espace ainsi délimité étant obturé par une couverture souple effaçable.12 characterized in that the covering structure (25) is formed by the return (26) and (27) of each of the longitudinal edges of the side walls (15) and (16) inwards, the space thus defined being closed by a flexible erasable cover.
14. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication14. Railway unit according to claim
I caractérisée en ce que la structure de couverture (25) est un toit ouvrable (28).I characterized in that the cover structure (25) is an openable roof (28).
15. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que le toit ouvrable (28) est formé de deux coques rigides (29) et (30) montées articulées à pivotement sur les bords longitudinaux supérieurs des parois latérales de flanc (15) et (16).15. Railway unit according to the preceding claim characterized in that the opening roof (28) is formed of two rigid shells (29) and (30) pivotally hinged on the upper longitudinal edges of the sidewall walls (15) and ( 16).
16. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 9 caractérisée en ce que les moyens de soutien (17) sont articulés sur des supports réglables en hauteur.16. Railway unit according to claim 9 characterized in that the support means (17) are articulated on supports adjustable in height.
17. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication17. Railway unit according to claim
II caractérisée en ce que les bords longitudinaux des plateaux (20) en regard sont distants l'un de l'autre. II characterized in that the longitudinal edges of the facing plates (20) are distant from each other.
18. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication18. Railway unit according to claim
1 caractérisée en ce que le plancher inférieur (12) de chargement comporte des moyens de roulage des ensembles routiers qui sont des structures de rehausse (37) et (38) en marches d'escalier ou en trottoirs espacés d'une distance inférieure à la largeur moyenne de voie des ensembles routiers transportés sur lesquelles ils roulent et sont transportés permettant de relever le niveau de ces ensembles routiers par rapport à la surface du plancher inférieur (12) de chargement.1 characterized in that the lower loading floor (12) comprises means for rolling the assemblies road vehicles which are raising structures (37) and (38) in staircase steps or in sidewalks spaced less than the average track width of the transported road units on which they roll and are transported making it possible to raise the level of these road units with respect to the surface of the lower loading floor (12).
19. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que les structures de rehausse (37) et (38) sont escamotables.19. Railway unit according to the preceding claim characterized in that the raising structures (37) and (38) are retractable.
20. Unité ferroviaire selon la revendication 11 caractérisée en ce que les plateaux constituant les moyens de soutien de véhicules transportés sur le plan de chargement supérieur (18) comportent des moyens d'arrimage et des moyens de calage pour chaque voiture transportée. 20. Railway unit according to claim 11 characterized in that the plates constituting the support means of vehicles transported on the upper loading plane (18) comprise lashing means and wedging means for each car transported.
EP02800638A 2001-10-09 2002-10-08 Mixed-use railway unit for combined rail/road transport of road vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP1434708B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0112991 2001-10-09
FR0112991A FR2830502B1 (en) 2001-10-09 2001-10-09 RAILWAY UNIT FOR MIXED USE FOR THE COMBINED RAIL / ROAD TRANSPORT OF ROAD VEHICLES
PCT/FR2002/003417 WO2003031247A2 (en) 2001-10-09 2002-10-08 Mixed-use railway unit for combined rail/road transport of road vehicles

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EP1434708A2 true EP1434708A2 (en) 2004-07-07
EP1434708B1 EP1434708B1 (en) 2005-02-02

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CN (1) CN100482508C (en)
AT (1) ATE288374T1 (en)
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DE (1) DE60202890T2 (en)
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FR2830502B1 (en) 2004-05-28
CN100482508C (en) 2009-04-29
FR2830502A1 (en) 2003-04-11
WO2003031247A2 (en) 2003-04-17
AU2002362708A1 (en) 2003-04-22
CN1564764A (en) 2005-01-12
EP1434708B1 (en) 2005-02-02
WO2003031247A3 (en) 2003-10-16
DE60202890D1 (en) 2005-03-10
ATE288374T1 (en) 2005-02-15
DE60202890T2 (en) 2006-04-13

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