EP1433954B1 - Axial piston machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an axial piston machine according to the preamble of claim 1 or 2.

An axial piston machine according to the preamble of Claim 1 is described in DE 94 088 60 U1. at this known axial piston machine, of the Schrägachsenbauweise is, is on the circumference of the drive flange a Zählkranz formed so that it in cross section seen at each point of its circumference the same radial Has expansion, and thereby low churning losses generated. The count ring interacts with a sensor, in the radial plane of the counter ring on the housing is fastened.

An axial piston machine according to the preamble of Claim 2 is in Schrägachsenbauweise in EP 0 640th 183 B1. In this previously known Axial piston machine have the piston to their Drive shaft facing ends ball heads, with which they are mounted pivotally in spherical caps of the drive shaft. A retraction device is in this axial piston machine not shown for reasons of simplification. The Drive shaft is at its inner end as a flange formed on the conveyor elements in different Embodiments for in the housing interior of the Axial piston machine arranged fluid are arranged. According to Fig. 1 and 2 of this document are the Conveying elements formed by blades, which are approximately radially from the circumference of a rotating body forming Drive flange protrude and at a radially are mounted extending mounting flange, the by means of screws on the cylinder drum facing Side of the drive flange is attached. According to FIGS. 4 and 5 This document are acting as a centrifugal pump radially extending blades provided between the Drive flange and the cylinder drum are arranged and can either be assembled into a paddle wheel or in one piece with a vertically projecting Mounting plate formed and via this means Mounting screws on the free, the cylinder drum facing end face of the drive flange are attached. The blades form pumping devices with which in Functional operation of the axial piston machine in its Housing interior classified fluid to a Outlet opening is conveyed to the blades in the Peripheral wall of the housing radially opposite and with connected to a tank.

The invention is based on the object Axial piston machine according to the preamble of claim 1 to simplify. It should in particular be a simple and fast manufacturing can be achieved, so that preferably also lower the manufacturing cost should.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 solved. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

In both solutions according to the invention is in each case a essential feature of the embodiment according to the invention, namely the one mark and the other the Conveying elements, formed on the return pulley. In the Retraction disc is a component on which the relevant features of the invention easily and quickly can be prefabricated so that it in the course of his Production with the inventive design can be prefabricated and other parts of the Axial piston machine can remain unchanged or additional components, as in the prior art are required, can be omitted.

Because of the omission of additional components is in the embodiments according to the invention also the assembly or Disassembly simplified. It is particularly advantageous the features of the invention on the rotary body to train in one piece. This can be done in an advantageous way by punching and possibly also shaping and / or bending respectively. The embodiments of the invention allow thus also an advantageous production.

Fig. 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Axialkolbenmaschine im axialen Schnitt;

Fig. 2

eine Rückzugsscheibe in der Vorderansicht; und

Fig. 3

eine erfindungsgemäße Axialkolbenmaschine im Axialschnitt in abgewandelter Ausgestaltung.

The invention will be explained with reference to advantageous embodiments of several embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

an axial piston according to the invention in axial section;

Fig. 2

a rear window in front view; and

Fig. 3

an axial piston according to the invention in axial section in a modified embodiment.

In the axial piston machines 1 shown by way of example these are those in bent-axis construction. These have a closed housing 2, with a cup-shaped housing part 3, the housing interior. 4 detachably closed by a so-called connection part 5 is that by hinted screws 6 is bolted to the free edge of the housing part 3. in the Housing 2 is a drive shaft 7 rotatably mounted, which is the Bottom wall 3a of the cup-shaped housing 3 in one Through hole 8 passes through. Especially one Oblique-axis machine is adjustable throughput volume the cup-shaped housing part 3 in the region of his Peripheral wall 3b formed kinked, so that the Longitudinal central axes 9a, 9b bent against each other or kinked arranged housing part sections a include acute angle W. The drive shaft 7 is in arranged on the bottom side housing portion section and through at least one rolling bearing stored therein. The bottom wall 3a can be formed by that in the peripheral wall 3b a Shutter 3c used sealed and axially is fixed, the through hole 8, the drive shaft. 7 interspersed with movement and through a sealing ring is sealed therein. At present Embodiment are two pieces axially side by side arranged rolling bearings 11a, 11b for rotatably supporting the Drive shaft 7 is provided in the region of the peripheral wall 3b the bottom side housing portion in a sit corresponding bearing bore.

On the inside of the connecting part 5 is a Control disc 14 with two diametrically opposed opposite and approximately parallel to the central axis 9b the control disk 14 extending control channels 15, the each with a supply line and a Discharge line in the connection part 5 are connected. At the Inside the control disk 14 is a cylinder drum 16 on which a coaxial guide hole 17 and several about axially parallel and distributed on the circumference arranged piston holes 18 which at their the Control channels 15 facing ends by tapered Supply and discharge channels 19 with the control channels 15 are connected. The guide hole 17 and the Piston holes 18 open on the control disk 14 facing away End of the cylinder drum 16.

In the piston holes 18 are piston 21 axially back and forth displaceable, preferably also slightly pendulum, stored, with their the control disk 14 facing Limiting ends working chambers 22 in the piston holes 18 and with their control disc 14 facing away from the head ends protrude from the cylinder drum 16 and means Support joints 23, in particular ball joints, all sides pivotally connected to the drive shaft 7 are connected. The Support joints 23 are located at a right angle to Central axis section 9a extending storage level E, the due to the acute angle to each other Housing part sections obliquely to the central axis portion 9b extends. In a manner comparable to the piston 21 is a center pin 24 and formed by a Support joint 25 pivotally connected to the drive shaft 7, which extends into the guide hole 17 and therein axially movable back and forth with little movement play is stored. Between the center pin 24 and the Cylinder drum 16 is a compression spring 26, in particular a spiral spring, arranged the cylinder drum 16th against the control disk 14 with a certain axial Force pretension. In the present embodiment is the compression spring 26 in a frontally opening hole arranged in the center pin 24, wherein they are located at the bottom of Lugs supported and against an inner shoulder surface 27 of the Cylinder drum 16 acts.

In the present embodiment, the Support joints 23 for the piston 21 and preferably also the support joint 25 for the center pin 24 respectively a hemispherical dome 28 in the inner, preferably flat end face 29 of the drive shaft 7 and a common for all piston 21 retraction disc 31st formed, which engages behind the spherical piston ends and thus prevents it from getting out of the cups 28 einfernen. The return pulley 31 has in number and in the position of the cap 28 arranged return holes 32, whose edges the associated ball head 21 a engage behind and thus form-fitting against a Move out of the dome 28 prevent. in principle it is sufficient for this purpose, if the hole edges the ball heads 21a behind, where they are smaller than the Diameter of the ball heads 21a and their equator. In order to Functional operation to keep friction and wear low, it is advantageous in each case the hole wall surface 32 a of Retraction holes 32 so conical form that they tangentially abuts the associated ball head 21a or form such a spherical segment that the Hole wall surface 32a flat on the spherical surface of the associated ball head 21a is applied. In the former case results in a linear system between the Ball head 21a and the Lochfwandläche 32a. In the second case results between these two surfaces a planar Investment. The support bearing 25 for the center pin 24 can with a dome 28 in the drive shaft 7 and a return hole 32 may be formed in the return pulley 31 accordingly.

The return pulley 31 is detachably connected to the drive shaft 7 fastened, preferably screwed. This can be a Serve plurality of screws 33, the paraxial Feedthrough holes 34 in the retraction disk 31 pass through and into corresponding threaded holes 34a in the Drive shaft 7 are screwed.

At the periphery of preferably as a thin parallel disc trained return pulley 31 is a sprocket 35 with in the circumferential direction of equal teeth 35 a and Tooth gaps 35b formed. In a small, preferably radial distance from the sprocket 35 is a Sensor 36 attached to the housing 2, which is in rotation the axial piston machine 1 due to him passed by the teeth 35a and the tooth spaces 35b Conditional differences generated signals that are not in one represented signal processing device for Speed measurement can be used. Such a sensor 36 is known and need not be further described become. The signals can z. B. by the detection of Magnetic field changes are generated during the Penetration of the teeth 35a and tooth spaces 35b of a Sensor associated magnetic field. It is because of that Advantageously, the retraction disc 31 made of metal, especially steel, or alloyed steel. Of the Sensor may also comprise a photosensitive element, that the shadowing caused by the teeth 35a perceives.

The sensor 36 is preferably in the housing interior 4 arranged, in the present embodiment the peripheral wall 3b from the outside in a through hole 37th encompassed and z. B. is inserted or screwed, preferably in a in the peripheral wall 3b screwed socket 38. The sensor 36 is through a electrical line 39 with an associated electronic control device connected. As part of the Invention can instead of the number wreath 35 marks Be provided 39 of any kind, to which the sensor 36th reacts to the delivery of signals. At a photosensitive sensor 36 may, for. B. light / dark contrast markers 39 be provided.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, wherein the same or comparable parts provided with the same reference numerals are extending, the teeth 35a axially parallel, wherein they can be bent accordingly. Here, the Radial dimension a of the teeth 35a be smaller than that in Circumferential direction dimension b. The in the Circumferentially directed dimension c of the tooth spaces 35b may correspond to the dimension b. To a small axial Length and reach of the cylinder drum 16 It is this that does not affect the occupied space advantageous that the teeth 35a of FIG. 3 in the the cylindrical drum 16 facing away from the axial direction extend, leaving a radial distance from the circumference may have the drive shaft 7.

Since the cross-sectional size of the drive shaft 7 is lower can be measured as that of the calotte 28 assumed cross-sectional size, it is advantageous to Drive shaft 7 at its the cylinder drum 16 facing inner end with a flange 7a form, in which the Dome 28 and support joints 23 are formed.

If the markings 39 are formed by molded parts, It is advantageous, these moldings in one piece to the Forming return pulley 31, as in a sprocket 35 is possible. It is advantageous in the further, the teeth 35a by punching on the return pulley 31 in one piece train. The retracting disk can be a total of are produced by punching, z. B. by punching a corresponding board, in particular by punching a sheet. The teeth can be bent and the Hole edges of the return holes 32 embossed or by pressure be deformed.

It is advantageous that located in the housing interior 4 Fluid of the axial piston machine 1 preferably continuously circulate. For this purpose, the above-described moldings or teeth 35a as Conveying elements 40 serve, wherein the fluid to a Outlet opening 41 in the peripheral wall 3b and through a from the outlet opening 41 to a tank extending Promote pipe (not shown). Under Considering this aspect, it is advantageous to the also markings 39 and teeth 35a forming Conveying elements to form by blades that the Improve delivery performance. In such a Embodiment in which the teeth 35a conveying elements of a Make conveyor, it is advantageous to the existing annular space between the conveyor elements 40 and the peripheral wall 3b in the region of the outlet opening 41 larger form, as in the remaining area or this annulus to increase continuously towards the outlet opening 41. Such an enlargement can be especially with achieve little structural effort when the Outlet opening 41 is arranged on the side, to which the Cylinder drum 16 and the surrounding Housing part section are inclined. Here, the Annulus enlargement by the inclination of a corresponding be exploited inclined peripheral wall section, with 42 is designated.

If the storage level E at the end of the drive shaft. 7 runs, it requires a considerable thickness of Rückzugscheibe 31, to a secure grip behind the To reach piston heads 21a. In the embodiment According to Fig. 3, the bearing plane E with respect to the end face offset by the offset v in the drive shaft 7 in. The hole surfaces 32a are preferably segmented or annular bearing lugs 43 formed by the Hole edge of the retraction holes 32 to the drive shaft 7 back stand out and in corresponding extensions 44 of the Bulk 28 protrude, extending to about the equator of the Dome 28 extend. The bearing approaches 43 are preferably integrally formed. It can be around Edge regions of an associated ball head 21a act, the bent in accordance with the axially projecting shape and / or are formed by pressure. This embodiment allows the thickness d of the return pulley 31 to be small measured, z. B. smaller than the axial length of Bearing approaches 43. Again, the retraction disc is 31 preferably a stamped part or a punched / bent part, or Stamping / molding.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1 is the Axial piston machine 1 with respect to their throughput volume not adjustable. It is a so-called Constant machine. In the embodiment of FIG. 3 is the throughput volume of the axial piston machine can be reduced or enlargeable. For this purpose, a known, generally designated 45 adjusting device with a Adjustment member 46, the z. B. with the control disk 14 in Active connection is and with the cylinder drum 16th between a minimum position and a maximum position adjustable and preferably also in intermediate positions is adjustable. The minimum and maximum position is bounded by lateral stops 47, 48, by the Circumferential wall 3b formed by adjusting screws could be.

Claims (8)

1. Axial piston engine (1) with a housing (2), in the housing interior (4) of which is rotatably mounted a drive shaft (7) and a cylinder drum (16) arranged axially next to this, where the longitudinal centre axes (9a, 9b) of the drive shaft (7) and cylinder drum (17) run obliquely to each other at an angle (W) where in the cylinder drum (16) are arranged several piston holes (18) extending approximately parallel to its centre axis (9b) and in which pistons (21) are guided displaceably axially to and fro, the piston ends of which facing the drive shaft (7) are connected swivellably all round to the drive shaft (7) via support joints (25), wherein a return plate (31) common to all support joints (23) is provided which prevents the piston ends from detaching axially from the support joints (23), and wherein a sensor (36) is provided to determine the rotation speed of the drive shaft (7) and co-operates with markings (39) arranged distributed in the peripheral direction on a component rotating in function mode with the drive shaft (7), characterised in that the markings (39) are arranged in the peripheral area of the return plate (31).
2. Axial piston engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the markings (39) are formed by impellers (40) or teeth (35a) of a crown gear (35).
3. Axial piston engine according to claim 2, characterised in that the impellers (40) or teeth (35a) protrude radially or axially from the return plate (31).
4. Axial piston engine according to claim 3, characterised in that the impellers (40) or teeth (35a) are formed as one piece on the return plate (31) by punching.
5. Axial piston engine according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the impellers (40) or teeth (35a) are arranged on the periphery of the return plate (31) and are bent axially.
6. Axial piston engine according to claim 2, characterised in that the sensor (36) is arranged in the housing interior (4), preferably extending from the outside through a passage hole (37) in the housing (2).
7. Axial piston engine according to claim 6, characterised in that in the area adjacent to the impellers (40) or teeth (35a) of the housing (2) is arranged an outlet hole (41) which can preferably be closed by a closing part e.g. a screw plug.
8. Axial -piston engine according to claim - 7, characterised in that the outlet hole (41) lies in a wall area (42) of the housing (2) which limits an annular chamber enlarging in the peripheral direction towards the outlet hole (41) between the impellers (40) or teeth (35a) and the housing (2).

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