EP1433190B1 - Fuse element and method for making same - Google Patents
Fuse element and method for making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1433190B1 EP1433190B1 EP02760023A EP02760023A EP1433190B1 EP 1433190 B1 EP1433190 B1 EP 1433190B1 EP 02760023 A EP02760023 A EP 02760023A EP 02760023 A EP02760023 A EP 02760023A EP 1433190 B1 EP1433190 B1 EP 1433190B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- melting point
- fuse element
- high melting
- silver
- central
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical group [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn] GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
- H01H85/11—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with applied local area of a metal which, on melting, forms a eutectic with the main material of the fusible member, i.e. M-effect devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fuse technology. It relates more particularly to a fuse element flat - or wafer - intended, in particular, to react to low current overloads but long.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a fuse element.
- the plate comprises, in series, a plurality of central portions each disposed between two lateral portions.
- the central portion consists of a low melting point core and a high melting point sheath surrounding the core.
- the core consists of a low melting strand bundle and a high melting point die surrounding the strands.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the parts of the fuse element are formed and joined by rolling.
- the central portion can either come from a sheathed wire having a low melting point core surrounded by a high melting point sheath, or from a composite wire formed of a bundle of low strands. melting point embedded in a high melting point matrix.
- FIG. 1 shows, at 10, a fuse element in the form of a thin elongate wafer having, typically, a length of 10 to 100 mm, a width of 2 to 15 mm and a thickness of 0.02 to 0.5 mm.
- This plate generally comprises, conventionally, notches or holes which reduce the section so as to optimize the short circuit function of the fuse.
- the side portions 14 are made of a metal having good electrical conductivity and a high melting point, such as copper and silver.
- the central portion 12 consists of a core 16, roughly rectangular section, and a sheath 18 surrounding the core. It occupies 15 to 60% by weight of the central portion 12, the sheath 18 thus occupying 40 to 85%.
- the core 16 is essentially formed of a low melting point metal, preferably tin. As an indication, it may be a tin-silver alloy or tin-zinc comprising 80 to 98% tin.
- Sheath 18 is essentially formed of a metal having good electrical conductivity and a high melting point, such as copper and silver.
- the plate 10 always comprises a central portion 12 and two side portions 14. These are identical to those of the embodiment of the figure 1 but the central portion 12 consists of a bundle of strands 20 with a low melting point distributed in a matrix 22 with a high melting point.
- the strands 20 occupy 15 to 60% by weight of the central portion 12, the matrix 22 thus occupying 40 to 85%.
- the strands 20 are of the same nature as the core 16 and the matrix 22 of the same nature as the sheath 18.
- the two side parts are made of copper, while the high melting portion of the central portion is made of silver.
- the manufacture of the fuse element described above uses rolling techniques well known to those skilled in the art. It will therefore suffice to indicate that one starts from two strips of copper or silver intended to constitute the lateral parts 14 and, to make the central part 12, either of a sheathed wire having a tin core surrounded by a sheath of silver or copper, or a composite wire formed of a bundle of tin strands embedded in a matrix of silver or copper.
- the rolling then makes it possible to weld the two strips and the wire by crushing them and then to roll them up to the required thickness.
- the strip resulting from these operations is finally cut in the direction of its width to obtain the plates as shown in the figures.
- the laminated structure has copper on the outside and silver on the inside, it is interesting to note that at their junction with the central silver portion 12, the two copper side portions 14 have convex ends. . This simply results from the fact that the silver of the central part is less hard than the copper or the silver of the lateral parts. When rolling, they encroach on the central part.
- FIG. 3 shows a wafer 10 'according to the invention comprising several central parts 12, three in the embodiment shown, each inserted between two side portions 14.
- the central portions 12 may be constituted either as shown in FIG. figure 3 , a core 16 and a sheath 18 surrounding it is, as shown on the figure 2 , a bundle of strands 20 distributed in a matrix 22.
- Such a structure may be preferred for certain applications, in particular because it allows a faster response to overloads.
Landscapes
- Fuses (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à la technologie des fusibles. Elle concerne, plus particulièrement, un élément de fusible plat - ou en plaquette - destiné, notamment, à réagir à des surcharges de courant faibles mais de longue durée. L'invention concerne aussi un procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de fusible.The present invention relates to fuse technology. It relates more particularly to a fuse element flat - or wafer - intended, in particular, to react to low current overloads but long. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a fuse element.
Il est connu, pour réaliser ce type de fusible, de déposer une parcelle d'un métal à bas point de fusion, tel que l'étain, désignée par l'expression "point M", au centre d'un ruban d'argent qui réagit, de manière classique aux fortes surcharges de courant (courts-circuits) mais reste insensible aux faibles surcharges de longue durée.It is known, to achieve this type of fuse, to deposit a parcel of a low melting point metal, such as tin, designated by the term "M point", in the center of a silver ribbon which reacts, in a classical way, to strong overloads of current (short-circuits) but remains insensitive to weak overloads of long duration.
Lorsqu'un courant de faible surcharge circule dans le ruban d'argent pendant une durée importante, sa température s'élève progressivement jusqu'à faire fondre la parcelle d'étain. L'alliage de l'argent et de l'étain produit un eutectique ayant un point de fusion beaucoup plus faible que l'argent mais une résistance électrique suffisante pour provoquer la fusion du ruban à cet endroit. Typiquement, cette structure "point M" permet que la fusion intervienne à une température de 200 à 300 °C, alors que la température de fusion normale de l'argent est de 962 °C.When a low overload current flows through the silver ribbon for a long time, its temperature rises progressively to melt the tin plot. The alloy of silver and tin produces a eutectic having a much lower melting point than silver but sufficient electrical resistance to cause the ribbon to melt there. Typically, this "M-point" structure allows melting to occur at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C, while the normal melting temperature of silver is 962 ° C.
Les documents
La présente invention a pour but de fournir une structure d'élément de fusible en plaquette qui, notamment, améliore l'efficacité de l'effet du "point M" et simplifie fortement sa fabrication.It is an object of the present invention to provide a wafer fuse element structure which, in particular, improves the efficiency of the "M-point" effect and greatly simplifies its manufacture.
Pour atteindre ce but, l'élément de fusible selon l'invention est constitué d'une plaquette comportant au moins trois parties coplanaires et de même épaisseur réunies par soudage, à savoir:
- une partie métallique centrale comportant une portion à point de fusion élevé et une portion à bas point de fusion noyée dans la portion à point de fusion élevé, et
- deux parties métalliques latérales à point de fusion élevé.
- a central metal portion having a high melting portion and a low melting portion embedded in the high melting portion, and
- two side metal parts with a high melting point.
Il peut être avantageux d'adopter une structure dans laquelle la plaquette comporte, en série, une pluralité de parties centrales disposées chacune entre deux parties latérales.It may be advantageous to adopt a structure in which the plate comprises, in series, a plurality of central portions each disposed between two lateral portions.
Dans une première forme de réalisation avantageuse, la partie centrale est constituée d'un noyau à bas point de fusion et d'une gaine à point de fusion élevé entourant le noyau.In a first advantageous embodiment, the central portion consists of a low melting point core and a high melting point sheath surrounding the core.
Dans une deuxième forme de réalisation avantageuse, la partie centrale est constituée d'un faisceau de brins à bas point de fusion et d'une matrice à point de fusion élevée entourant les brins.In a second preferred embodiment, the core consists of a low melting strand bundle and a high melting point die surrounding the strands.
L'élément de fusible selon l'invention comporte encore les principales caractéristiques suivantes:
- la portion à bas point de fusion de la partie centrale comporte essentiellement de l'étain;
- la portion à bas point de fusion est un alliage étain-argent ou étain-zinc comprenant de 80 à 98% d'étain;
- la portion à bas point de fusion occupe de 15 à 60% en poids de la partie centrale;
- la portion à point de fusion élevé de la partie centrale est en cuivre ou en argent;
- les parties latérales sont en cuivre ou en argent; et
- de façon particulièrement avantageuse, les parties latérales sont en cuivre et la portion à point de fusion élevé de la partie centrale est en argent.
- the low-melting portion of the central portion essentially comprises tin;
- the low-melting portion is a tin-silver or tin-zinc alloy comprising 80 to 98% tin;
- the low-melting portion occupies from 15 to 60% by weight of the central portion;
- the high melting portion of the central portion is copper or silver;
- the side parts are copper or silver; and
- particularly advantageously, the side portions are of copper and the high melting portion of the central portion is silver.
Le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que les parties de l'élément de fusible sont formées et réunies par laminage.The method according to the invention is characterized in that the parts of the fuse element are formed and joined by rolling.
De manière avantageuse, la partie centrale peut soit provenir d'un fil gainé possédant une âme à bas point de fusion entourée d'une gaine à point de fusion élevé, soit provenir d'un fil composite formé d'un faisceau de brins à bas point de fusion noyés dans une matrice à point de fusion élevé.Advantageously, the central portion can either come from a sheathed wire having a low melting point core surrounded by a high melting point sheath, or from a composite wire formed of a bundle of low strands. melting point embedded in a high melting point matrix.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre, faite en regard du dessin annexé, dans lequel :
- les
figures 1 et 2 représentent deux modes de réalisation de l'élément de fusible, et - la
figure 3 représente un élément de fusible à plusieurs parties centrales.
- the
Figures 1 and 2 represent two embodiments of the fuse element, and - the
figure 3 represents a fuse element with several central parts.
On se référera, tout d'abord, à la
La plaquette 10, découpée dans une bande, comporte trois parties coplanaires, juxtaposées dans le sens de sa longueur et réunies par soudage, à savoir:
- une partie centrale 12 ayant, typiquement, une longueur de 2 à 10 mm, et
- deux parties latérales 14.
- a
central portion 12 having, typically, a length of 2 to 10 mm, and - two
side parts 14.
Les parties latérales 14 sont réalisées en un métal présentant une bonne conductivité électrique et un point de fusion élevé, tel que le cuivre et l'argent.The
Dans le mode de réalisation de la
Le noyau 16 est essentiellement formé d'un métal à bas point de fusion, avantageusement de l'étain. A titre indicatif, il peut s'agir d'un alliage étain-argent ou étain-zinc comprenant de 80 à 98% d'étain.The
La gaine 18 est essentiellement formée d'un métal présentant une bonne conductivité électrique et un point de fusion élevé, tel que le cuivre et l'argent.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté à la
Les brins 20 occupent 15 à 60 % en poids de la partie centrale 12, la matrice 22 en occupant donc 40 à 85 %.The
Les brins 20 sont de même nature que le noyau 16 et la matrice 22 de même nature que la gaine 18.The
Ainsi est réalisé, selon deux modes différents illustrés par les
On notera que, selon un mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux de l'invention, les deux parties latérales sont en cuivre, alors que la portion à point de fusion élevé de la partie centrale est en argentIt will be noted that, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the two side parts are made of copper, while the high melting portion of the central portion is made of silver.
Grâce à cette structure qui augmente considérablement les surfaces de contact entre l'étain et l'argent ou le cuivre, la formation de l'eutectique à bas point de fusion intervient plus rapidement que dans le cas des structures de l'art antérieur, utilisant une parcelle d'étain simplement déposée sur le fusible. L'efficacité du "point M" s'en trouve fortement améliorée. La quantité de matière nécessaire est donc réduite, ce qui abaisse le prix de revient du fusible. De plus, l'élément sensible ne comportant plus la bosse que constitue la parcelle d'étain, il est plus facile à manipuler.Thanks to this structure which considerably increases the contact surfaces between tin and silver or copper, the formation of the eutectic with a low melting point occurs more rapidly than in the case of the structures of the prior art, using a piece of tin simply deposited on the fuse. The effectiveness of the "M-point" is greatly improved. The amount of material required is reduced, which lowers the cost price of the fuse. In addition, the sensitive element no longer has the bump that is the parcel of tin, it is easier to handle.
La fabrication de l'élément de fusible décrit ci-dessus fait appel aux techniques de laminage, bien connues de l'homme de métier. On se contentera donc d'indiquer que l'on part de deux bandes de cuivre ou d'argent destinées à constituer les parties latérales 14 et, pour réaliser la partie centrale 12, soit d'un fil gainé possédant une âme en étain entourée d'une gaine d'argent ou de cuivre, soit d'un fil composite formé d'un faisceau de brins d'étain noyés dans une matrice d'argent ou de cuivre. Le laminage permet alors de souder les deux bandes et le fil en les écrasant puis de les laminer jusqu'à l'épaisseur demandée. La bande qui résulte de ces opérations est finalement découpée dans le sens de sa largeur pour obtenir les plaquettes telles que représentées sur les figures.The manufacture of the fuse element described above uses rolling techniques well known to those skilled in the art. It will therefore suffice to indicate that one starts from two strips of copper or silver intended to constitute the
Lorsque la structure laminée comporte du cuivre à l'extérieur et de l'argent à l'intérieur, il est intéressant de noter qu'à leur jonction avec la partie centrale en argent 12, les deux parties latérales en cuivre 14 ont des extrémités convexes. Cela résulte simplement du fait que l'argent de la partie centrale est moins dur que le cuivre ou l'argent des parties latérales. Lors du laminage, celles-ci empiètent donc sur la partie centrale.When the laminated structure has copper on the outside and silver on the inside, it is interesting to note that at their junction with the
On se référera, pour terminer, à la
Claims (13)
- A fuse element consisting of a strip (10, 10') comprising, at least, three coplanar sections (12, 14) having the same thickness that are clad-welded together by fusing them, namely:- a central metallic section (12) comprising a part (18) with a high melting point and a part (16) with a low melting point embedded in the part (18)with a high melting point;characterized in that it comprises two lateral metallic sections (14) with a high melting point.
- The fuse element as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said strip (10') comprises, in series, a plurality of central sections (12) and a plurality of lateral sections (14) surrounding said central sections.
- The fuse element as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the central section (12) is composed of a core (16) with a low melting point and a sheath (18) with a high melting point surrounding said core.
- The fuse element as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the central section (12) is composed of a bundle of strands (20) with a low melting point and of matrix (22) with a high melting point that surrounds said strands.
- The fuse element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the part of the central section (12) with a low melting point is mainly composed of tin.
- The fuse element as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the part with a low melting point is a tin-silver or tin-zinc alloy containing from 80 to 98% tin.
- The fuse element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the part with a low melting point takes up from 15 to 60% by weight of the central section (12).
- The fuse element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the part of the central section (12) with a high melting point is made of copper or silver.
- The fuse element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the lateral sections (14) are made of copper or silver.
- The fuse element as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the lateral sections (14) are made of copper and the part of the central section (12) with a high melting point is made of silver.
- A method for the manufacture of the fuse element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that its sections (12, 14) are formed and clad-welded together by rolling.
- The method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the central section (12) originates from a clad wire having a central core with a low melting point surrounded by a sheath with a high melting point.
- The method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the central section (12) originates from a composite wire formed from a bundle of strands with a low melting point that are embedded in a matrix with a high melting point.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02760023A EP1433190B1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-09-20 | Fuse element and method for making same |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01810962A EP1300867A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2001-10-03 | Fuse link and method of manufacture |
EP01810962 | 2001-10-03 | ||
PCT/CH2002/000520 WO2003030199A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-09-20 | Fuse element and method for making same |
EP02760023A EP1433190B1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-09-20 | Fuse element and method for making same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1433190A1 EP1433190A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
EP1433190B1 true EP1433190B1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
Family
ID=8184176
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01810962A Withdrawn EP1300867A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2001-10-03 | Fuse link and method of manufacture |
EP02760023A Expired - Lifetime EP1433190B1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-09-20 | Fuse element and method for making same |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01810962A Withdrawn EP1300867A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2001-10-03 | Fuse link and method of manufacture |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7312688B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1300867A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4088586B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE419640T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60230650D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1433190T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003030199A1 (en) |
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DE102007014334A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fusible alloy element, thermal fuse with a fusible alloy element and method for producing a thermal fuse |
US20090189730A1 (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-07-30 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Low temperature fuse |
JP2009199880A (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2009-09-03 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Fusible link |
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EP2698847B1 (en) | 2012-01-03 | 2020-03-04 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Battery pack and connecting bar applied thereto |
KR101401477B1 (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2014-05-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Connecting element for secondary battery, Battery module and Battery pack comprising the same |
DE102012214896A1 (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-02-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Battery and motor vehicle |
JP6420053B2 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2018-11-07 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Fuse element and fuse element |
KR101690295B1 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2017-01-09 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Overcurrent shut-off device and Secondary battery comprising the same |
JP6437239B2 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2018-12-12 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Fuse element, fuse element |
JP6184805B2 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2017-08-23 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Interrupting element and interrupting element circuit |
CN107078001B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2019-05-10 | Soc株式会社 | The manufacturing method and paster fuse of paster fuse |
JP6719983B2 (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2020-07-08 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Fuse element, fuse element, protection element, short-circuit element, switching element |
JP6912314B2 (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2021-08-04 | ショット日本株式会社 | Protective element |
KR102019069B1 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-09-06 | 에이에프더블류 주식회사 | Manufacturing method of a bus bar for fuse |
JP7433783B2 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2024-02-20 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Fuse elements, fuse elements and protection elements |
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US4357588A (en) * | 1981-06-03 | 1982-11-02 | General Electric Company | High voltage fuse for interrupting a wide range of currents and especially suited for low current interruption |
GB2120027B (en) * | 1982-05-07 | 1986-01-29 | Dorman Smith Fuses | Fusible element |
JP3562685B2 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2004-09-08 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Fuse and manufacturing method thereof |
JP3562696B2 (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 2004-09-08 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of fuse element |
EP1134769A1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-19 | Cooper Bussmann UK Limited | A method of applying M-effect material |
-
2001
- 2001-10-03 EP EP01810962A patent/EP1300867A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-09-20 AT AT02760023T patent/ATE419640T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-20 WO PCT/CH2002/000520 patent/WO2003030199A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-09-20 DE DE60230650T patent/DE60230650D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-20 EP EP02760023A patent/EP1433190B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-20 JP JP2003533301A patent/JP4088586B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-20 US US10/491,525 patent/US7312688B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-20 DK DK02760023T patent/DK1433190T3/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60230650D1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
US20050040926A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
US7312688B2 (en) | 2007-12-25 |
DK1433190T3 (en) | 2009-04-20 |
JP2005505110A (en) | 2005-02-17 |
EP1433190A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
ATE419640T1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
WO2003030199A1 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
JP4088586B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
EP1300867A1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
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