EP1428237B1 - Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren abschalten eines elektrischen verbrauchers - Google Patents
Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren abschalten eines elektrischen verbrauchers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1428237B1 EP1428237B1 EP02772194A EP02772194A EP1428237B1 EP 1428237 B1 EP1428237 B1 EP 1428237B1 EP 02772194 A EP02772194 A EP 02772194A EP 02772194 A EP02772194 A EP 02772194A EP 1428237 B1 EP1428237 B1 EP 1428237B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- output switch
- safety switching
- safety
- switching apparatus
- coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a safety switching device for safely switching off an electrical consumer, in particular an electric machine, with at least an output switch for interrupting an external power supply path, wherein the output switch at least two Has switch positions, and with a control unit, the Switching position of the output switch controls, further with means, Based on which the control unit an actual switching position the output switch monitored, the said Means an RF generator for generating an RF test signal and include a resonant circuit as a coupling circuit.
- Such a safety switching device is EP 0 681 310 A1 known.
- Generic safety switching devices are mainly used in the industrial sector to electrically driven Machines, such as large press brakes, CNC-controlled Machining centers or robots, in a reliable way at least to switch off in certain areas.
- a common use case is the shutdown of the machine when a safety door is opened a light barrier is interrupted or an emergency stop button is pressed.
- the signals of such signal generator are fed to the generic safety switching devices, depending on the corresponding machine or machine areas switch off.
- the actual shutdown process i.e. the interruption of a power supply to the machine must doing so in a very reliable manner, otherwise the health or even the lives of operators are at risk.
- Generic safety switching devices are therefore by the competent supervisory authorities, such as in Germany the professional associations, only admitted to the enterprise, if they have certain minimum requirements for intrinsic error security fulfill. Generally, a safety switching device must even then a reliable and fail-safe Shut down the machine if possible within the safety switching device or the associated with it Signalers errors or malfunctions occur.
- WO 01/37302 A1 is a safety switching device described, the output side two relays as output switch having.
- the normally open contacts of the two relays are connected in series in a conventional manner to a redundancy and thus to achieve increased security when switching off.
- Each of the two relays has several working contacts, so that, for example, all three phases of a three-phase connection can be turned off. Additionally owns
- Each of the two relays has an auxiliary contact, which is connected to the normally open contacts mechanically forced. By the mechanisehe Forced operation ensures that the switching position the normally open contacts with the switching position of the auxiliary contact corresponds. About the auxiliary contact thus the switching position the working contacts are monitored.
- EP 0 681 310 A1 shows a generic Safety switching device, in which the switching position of Output switch is monitored by a coupling circuit so um the output switch is arranged around that the output switch either shorts the RF test signal, i. practically completely suppressed or left unaffected. As can be seen on the basis of the embodiments shown, required such an arrangement relatively many components.
- the Switching position of the output switch with the aid of an RF test signal monitored, in addition to the actually switching Load current is passed through the output switch.
- the Frequencies of the load currents to be switched usually very are low (in the range of 16 2/3 to 400 Hz), is suitable a high frequency signal very good, as it is technically simple Way by known per se filtering measures of the load current can be separated again.
- the frequency of the Test signal in the range of 2 MHz to 100 MHz. on the other hand if the test signal used here is a electrical signal, causing the electrically effective switching position the output switch are particularly well monitored can.
- the safety switching device according to the invention has the Advantage that the use of positively driven relay or Sagittarius can be dispensed with, reducing production costs can be lowered. In addition, the safety switching device according to the invention more compact and with a smaller one Space requirement can be realized.
- Another advantage is that with the inventive measure also the switching position of semiconductor devices reliable way can be monitored. This can be the underlying device concept also for future generations use of safety switching devices.
- the coupling circuit includes at least one separating element that galvanically isolates the RF generator from the at least one output switch separates.
- the output circuit of the safety switching device can be realize potential-free, whereby both the safety as well as the variety of applications of the invention Device is increased.
- the monitoring circuit usually only with low voltages and streaming works that way in front of the usually considerable protected by larger load currents, with which the monitored Machine is supplied.
- the separating element includes at least one coupling capacitor.
- the coupling capacitor includes a PCB capacity.
- the inventive Device in this embodiment even smaller, i. With an even smaller footprint, be realized.
- the aforementioned measure includes the printed circuit board capacitance conductor areas, the on different layers of an at least two-layer circuit board are arranged.
- the coupling circuit includes at least two coupling capacitors.
- the resonant circuit acts with at least an ohmic resistance, whose voltage drop a measure of the actual switching position of the output switch is.
- the current flowing into the resonant circuit is preferred led over the mentioned ohmic resistance.
- This Measure it is possible to use a simple threshold switch too use to determine the switching position of the output switch.
- the tap of a voltage drop across the ohmic Resistance is very simple with known means and cost-effective possible. Overall, this allows the production costs the device according to the invention even further to reduce.
- the output switch with connected at least one terminal, wherein between the Output switch and the terminal a high-frequency (HF) Filter is arranged.
- HF high-frequency
- Fig. 1 is an arrangement for fail-safe monitoring of Switching position of an output switch in its entirety with the reference numeral 10 denotes.
- the assembly 10 includes a control unit 12 which is in known manner, the switching position of an output switch 14 controls.
- the output switch 14 is in the present case shown as a relay contact.
- the principle of the arrangement 10 can equally well on semiconductor switches, such as For example, MOS transistors are used.
- Reference numeral 16 denotes an HF generator which via a galvanic separating element 18 in such a way with the output switch 14 is connected that an RF test signal, not shown here (RF voltage and / or RF current) via the output switch 14 is guided.
- the separator 18 includes according to a preferred embodiment the invention two coupling capacitors 20, 22, through the a direct current bridging the output switch 14 in prevented in any case.
- the RF generator 16 includes a not separately shown here Sensor element, which is a change of the RF test signal detected depending on the switching position of the output switch 14. For example, depending on the Switching position of the output switch 14, the resonant frequency of the HF generator 16, via the coupling capacitors 20, 22nd flowing HF current or the power converted in the HF generator. The detected change is via a readback line 24 of the control unit 12 communicated. As a result, can the control unit 12 the actual switching position of the output switch 14 always with the set nominal switching position compare and thus monitor the output switch 14. The control unit 12 can ensure the proper operation of all Check assemblies in a kind of self-test by the Output switch 14 is switched and checks whether the response on line 24 matches the expected value.
- Sensor element is a change of the RF test signal detected depending on the switching position of the output switch 14. For example, depending on the Switching position of the output switch 14, the resonant frequency of the HF generator 16, via the coupling capacitors 20, 22nd flowing HF current or the power converted in the HF generator
- the reference numeral 26 is to illustrate the principle of Arrangement 10 a consumer shown schematically in the concrete application, for example, a machine to be shut down is.
- the machine 26 is powered by the power 28 powered, the output switch 14 in the power supply path 30 is arranged.
- This can be the power supply 28 instead of the DC voltage source also shown a Be AC voltage source.
- Fig. 2 is a preferred realization of the two coupling capacitors 20, 22, wherein like reference numerals denote the same elements as in Fig. 1.
- the circuit components of the arrangement 10 are known per se Way arranged on a circuit board 40.
- the circuit components such as the RF generator 16 and the control unit 12 (shown here as IC) via Tracks 42 interconnected.
- the two coupling capacitors 20, 22 are formed by conductor surfaces 44, 46, on different layers of the two-ply in this case Printed circuit board 40 are arranged. Between the metallic conductor surfaces 44, 46 is thus the plastic material the circuit board 40, which in a conventional manner a Capacity is formed. Due to the described arrangement may help in the analysis of sources of error within the arrangement 10 are excluded that one or both coupling capacitors 20, 22 undergo an electrical short circuit. This error exclusion is due to existing, more relevant Standards.
- Safety switching device usually as a compact and fully functional unit is delivered.
- the invention is not limited to safety relays and also can with complex, programmable safety controllers be used.
- the safety relay is a compact unit in known manner installed in a device housing. At an outside of the housing are in known per se Way terminals. A terminal is connected to a phase of the power supply 28. A second terminal is connected to the machine 26 to be shut down connected. Between the terminals is located thus the power supply path 30, in which the output switch in series 14 is arranged.
- the representation of the safety relay is out here For reasons of clarity simplified. In practice usually two output switch 14 serially to each other in the power supply path 30 to provide redundancy at shutdown to get the machine 26. In addition, owns the safety switching device according to the invention in the rule further, parallel to the output switch 14 arranged output switch and corresponding terminals, via the other phases of the power supply 28 can be performed. Such embodiments are known per se and therefore here not shown in more detail.
- the control unit 12 includes a switch that is in known way the current flow through a relay on or off.
- the output switch 14 is one of the normally open contacts of the relay, so that the control unit 12 via the Switch the Wegstel- ment of the output switch 14 control can.
- a relay in alternative embodiments but also semiconductor devices as output switches be used.
- the output switch 14 is in an already described with reference to FIG Way connected to an RF generator 16. additionally to the two coupling capacitors 20, 22 includes the Separating element here a transformer whose inductance together with the coupling capacitors 20, 22 a resonant circuit forms.
- the RF generator in the present embodiment a commercially available RF oscillator of, for example 8 MHz, generates the RF test signal. It will the RF generator 16 via a resistor with an operating voltage provided. To stabilize and smooth the Operating voltage is a capacitor in parallel with the HF generator 16 arranged.
- a threshold switch Parallel to the resistor is a threshold switch arranged with the voltage dropping across the resistor with compares to a reference value.
- the output of the threshold switch is via the readback line 24 of the control unit 12 supplied.
- Another capacitor forms together with a coil an LC filter.
- the LC filter is between the output switch 14 and the one Terminal arranged.
- An identically structured second LC filter is also between the output switch 14 and the second terminal arranged.
- the two LC filters form a bracket, which optionally also further, memorill to the output switch 14 arranged redundant switch contacts encloses.
- the output switch is in operation of the safety relay 14 closed, so that the machine 26 with the power supply 28 is connected. The machine 26 is therefore located in operation.
- the opened output switch 14 provides a capacity in the Order of magnitude of about 1 pF. This capacity determines at open output switch 14 is substantially the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, since the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 20, 22 is about 100 pF. The resonance frequency the resonant circuit corresponds in this switching position of Target frequency of the HF generator 16.
Landscapes
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
- Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Prinzipschaltbild einer Anordnung zur Verwendung in einer erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung, und
- Fig. 2
- eine bevorzugte Ausführung von Koppelkondensatoren, die auch in dem Prinzipschaltbild gemäß Fig. 1 Verwendung finden.
Claims (8)
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers (26), insbesondere einer elektrischen Maschine, mit zumindest einem Ausgangsschalter (14) zum Unterbrechen eines externen Stromversorgungspfades (30), wobei der Ausgangsschalter (14) zumindest zwei Schaltstellungen aufweist, und mit einer Steuereinheit (12), die die Schaltstellung des Ausgangsschalters (14) steuert, ferner mit Mitteln (10; 16, 24), anhand derer die Steuereinheit (12) eine tatsächliche Schaltstellung des Ausgangsschalters (14) überwacht, wobei die genannten Mittel einen HF-Generator (16) zum Erzeugen eines HF-Prüfsignals sowie einen Schwingkreis als Koppelkreis beinhalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgangsschalter (14) in den Schwingkreis eingebettet ist und dass das Prüfsignal auf den Ausgangsschalter (14) übertragen wird.
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Koppelkreis zumindest ein Trennelement (18) beinhaltet, das den HF-Generator (16) galvanisch von dem zumindest einen Ausgangsschalter (14) trennt.
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Koppelkreis (18) zumindest einen Koppelkondensator (20, 22) beinhaltet.
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Koppelkondensator (20, 22) eine Leiterplattenkapazität beinhaltet.
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leiterplattenkapazität Leiterflächen (44, 46) beinhaltet, die auf verschiedenen Lagen einer zumindest zweilagigen Leiterplatte (40) angeordnet sind.
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Koppelkreis (18) zumindest zwei Koppelkondensatoren (20, 22) beinhaltet.
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schwingkreis mit zumindest einem ohmschen Widerstand zusammenwirkt, dessen Spannungsabfall ein Maß für die tatsächliche Schaltstellung des Ausgangsschalters (14) ist.
- Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgangsschalter (14) mit zumindest einer Anschlußklemme verbunden ist, wobei zwischen dem Ausgangsschalter (14) und der Anschlußklemme ein HF-Filter angeordnet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10146753 | 2001-09-22 | ||
DE10146753A DE10146753C1 (de) | 2001-09-22 | 2001-09-22 | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers |
PCT/EP2002/009433 WO2003030198A1 (de) | 2001-09-22 | 2002-08-23 | Siecherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren abschalten eines elektrischen verbrauchers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1428237A1 EP1428237A1 (de) | 2004-06-16 |
EP1428237B1 true EP1428237B1 (de) | 2005-03-30 |
Family
ID=7699915
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02772194A Expired - Lifetime EP1428237B1 (de) | 2001-09-22 | 2002-08-23 | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren abschalten eines elektrischen verbrauchers |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7239048B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1428237B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4067492B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE292321T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10146753C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003030198A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7610119B2 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2009-10-27 | Omron Corporation | Safety controller and system using same |
DE202008011848U1 (de) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-02-11 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronischer Sensor |
JP2010140803A (ja) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-24 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | 接点の自己診断方式 |
DE102009018140A1 (de) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-21 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sichere Schalteinrichtung und modulares fehlersicheres Steuerungssystem |
JP2013072850A (ja) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-22 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | 接点検査装置、接点検査方法及び接点検査システム |
JP5981766B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-09 | 2016-08-31 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電磁開閉器 |
JP6308486B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-13 | 2018-04-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リレー溶着検出装置 |
EP2960922B1 (de) * | 2014-06-24 | 2017-06-14 | ALSTOM Transport Technologies | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Betriebszustandes eines elektromechanischen Relaiskontakts und System mit solch einer Vorrichtung |
US9772367B2 (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-09-26 | Dialog Semiconductor Inc. | Load connection detection |
JP6390454B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-02 | 2018-09-19 | オムロン株式会社 | 継電ユニット、および継電回路の制御方法 |
DE102018114425A1 (de) | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-19 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schaltüberwachungsvorrichtung |
DE102018217135A1 (de) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-10-17 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Potentialfreie Kontaktüberwachungsvorrichtung zur Erfassung des Öffnungszustands eines Schalters |
EP3671797B1 (de) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-05-26 | Schneider Electric Industries SAS | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung |
DE102019205744B3 (de) | 2019-04-18 | 2020-08-06 | Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Erkennen eines Fehlerstroms |
DE102019218919B3 (de) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-03-25 | Siemens Schweiz Ag | Erfassen eines Schaltzustands eines elektromechanischen Schaltelements |
DE102021124133A1 (de) | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-23 | Hiwin Technologies Corp. | Relaissicherheitssystem und roboterarmsteuerung |
US11688573B2 (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2023-06-27 | Hiwin Technologies Corp. | Relay safety system and robotic arm controller |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5613359A (en) | 1979-07-11 | 1981-02-09 | Takashi Henmi | Keresene container from which oil can be freely supplied through lower hose only by hermetically opening and closing upper part of said container such as lid port |
JP3233675B2 (ja) | 1992-03-24 | 2001-11-26 | 東洋通信機株式会社 | 接点情報の収集システム |
JPH06331679A (ja) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-12-02 | Nippon Signal Co Ltd:The | スイッチ回路故障検出装置 |
US5574320A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1996-11-12 | The Nippon Signal Co., Ltd. | Load drive circuit |
DE19960399B4 (de) * | 1999-09-17 | 2004-09-02 | Elan Schaltelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektromechanisches Schaltgerät |
DE19954460C2 (de) * | 1999-11-12 | 2002-02-28 | Pilz Gmbh & Co | Sicherheitsschaltgerät zum Ein- und sicheren Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere einer elektrisch angetriebenen Maschine |
EP1202313A1 (de) * | 2000-10-23 | 2002-05-02 | Safecom Ag | Einrichtung in der Sicherheitstechnik zur Kontrolle der Schaltstellung mechanischer Schaltkontakte |
-
2001
- 2001-09-22 DE DE10146753A patent/DE10146753C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-08-23 JP JP2003533300A patent/JP4067492B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-23 WO PCT/EP2002/009433 patent/WO2003030198A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2002-08-23 EP EP02772194A patent/EP1428237B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-23 AT AT02772194T patent/ATE292321T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-03-12 US US10/800,098 patent/US7239048B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005505109A (ja) | 2005-02-17 |
EP1428237A1 (de) | 2004-06-16 |
WO2003030198A1 (de) | 2003-04-10 |
US7239048B2 (en) | 2007-07-03 |
JP4067492B2 (ja) | 2008-03-26 |
US20040174074A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
DE10146753C1 (de) | 2003-04-24 |
ATE292321T1 (de) | 2005-04-15 |
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