EP1420214B1 - Air-conditioning system for rooms - Google Patents

Air-conditioning system for rooms Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1420214B1
EP1420214B1 EP02425690A EP02425690A EP1420214B1 EP 1420214 B1 EP1420214 B1 EP 1420214B1 EP 02425690 A EP02425690 A EP 02425690A EP 02425690 A EP02425690 A EP 02425690A EP 1420214 B1 EP1420214 B1 EP 1420214B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
air
fan
convectors
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02425690A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1420214A1 (en
Inventor
Valerio Giordano Riello
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aermec SpA
Original Assignee
Aermec SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aermec SpA filed Critical Aermec SpA
Priority to EP02425690A priority Critical patent/EP1420214B1/en
Priority to AT02425690T priority patent/ATE400777T1/de
Priority to DE60227533T priority patent/DE60227533D1/de
Priority to CA002447397A priority patent/CA2447397A1/en
Priority to US10/697,296 priority patent/US20040188082A1/en
Priority to NO20035013A priority patent/NO327264B1/no
Priority to RU2003132884/06A priority patent/RU2319078C2/ru
Priority to PL03363400A priority patent/PL363400A1/xx
Publication of EP1420214A1 publication Critical patent/EP1420214A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1420214B1 publication Critical patent/EP1420214B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0096—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater combined with domestic apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an air-conditioning system for rooms according to the precharacterizing portion of claim 1.
  • the air of a room within a house should have particular features, for instance an hygrometric degree of 50% to 60%.
  • the human body can adjust its own temperature through condensing and dissipating mechanisms.
  • the house should be heated during winter in all the rooms it is made up of, whereas it should be cooled during summer only in some rooms, i.e. those which are used more frequently, leaving aside for instance the bathroom and the kitchen. This requires quite different operating features in both systems concerning capacity, pump flow rate, pressure drop during water supply and so on.
  • Patents US 2,121,625 , US 2,984,460 , US 3,425,485 , US 3,906,742 , US 4,798,240 and DE 2,140,018 describe central heating and cooling installations comprising a plurality of heat exchangers, each of which being arranged in a room of the various houses.
  • said heat exchangers are connected to a single boiler and to a single cooling device.
  • Such type of systems disadvantageously has a high thermal inertia, which can occur within an air-conditioning system.
  • EP-A-0 468 318 discloses such an air conditioner with a boiler for the heating system and a cooling module connected to the return tube of the fan convector and connected also to a refrigerated water accumulator.
  • EP-A-0 508 245 discloses also an air conditioner with a cooling module and a heating system.
  • the accumulator of this system acts as hot water accumulator in winter and as cold water accumulator in summer.
  • This inertial reservoir acts as reserve of cooled water allowing to increase the system capacity and to obtain a longer life for cooling machines due to a smaller number of starts of said machines.
  • the introduction of the storage reservoir therefore enables a higher flexibility due to the possibility of operating also at temperatures slightly differing from design temperature, and above all enables a great operating economy due to the possibility of installing machines with reduced power.
  • the monobloc unit is bulky, cumbersome and noisy, it should almost always be arranged outside the house to be conditioned, so that during summer the removed heat is not dispersed within the room itself.
  • the storage reservoir is equipped with a water inlet/outlet valve, i.e. with a valve allowing the reservoir to be completely emptied before winter and with a valve allowing said reservoir to be refilled before summer.
  • Another solution to prevent water contained in the inertial reservoir from freezing consists in using electric heaters, which keep water within the reservoir liquid, thus ensuring that the heating and cooling system cannot be damaged due to the user's carelessness or to a very cold weather.
  • Electric heaters are for instance electric resistors that in order to carry out their function must absorb electric energy and turn it into heat. Obviously, such a contrivance results in that part of the advantages obtained with a storage reservoir are erased by the dissipation of energy necessary to supply said electric resistors. The dissipation of electric energy will be higher the greater the reservoir volume and the colder winter weather is.
  • the present invention aims at carrying out an air-conditioning system for external use without the disadvantages of prior art.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to supply an integrated heating and cooling unit that requires the least possible maintenance by the user.
  • said aim is achieved by means of an air-conditioning system for rooms according to claim 1.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically an embodiment of the present invention consisting of a block 1 comprising a cooling circuit 2, a control unit 3 and a storage reservoir 4, a heating system 8 associated to said block 1 and a plurality of fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn.
  • the block 1 and the heating system 8 thereto associated constitute the monobloc system that integrates all components for heating/conditioning the house.
  • the cooling circuit 2 is connected by means of a connection pipe A to a three-way switching valve V1, the latter being able to connect said cooling circuit 2 to a plurality of fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn by means of a intake pipe 5.
  • Said cooling circuit 2 is further connected by means of a connection pipe B to a circulation pump P1; said circulation pump P1 takes water to circulate in the cooling system 2 from the storage reservoir 4 by means of a connection pipe C.
  • Said storage reservoir 4 is connected in its turn to a plurality of fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn by means of a return pipe 7.
  • the storage reservoir 4 has in common with said plurality of fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn the connection to the heating system 8, which takes place by means of a connection pipe D.
  • connection pipe D is the extension of the return tube 7 of the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn.
  • the control of the cooling circuit 2, of the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn as well as of the heating system 8 is in charge of the electronic control unit 3, said control unit 3 being able to control all devices by means of a plurality of electric connections 9 in a per se known way.
  • the latter consists of a compressor 10, of a capacitor 11, of a lamination element 12 (or capillary) and of an evaporator 13, each of said components being connected to the other by means of connection pipes E.
  • the compressor 10 is the core of the cooling circuit 2 and its function is to compress a cooling fluid, for instance freon or halogenated fluids, and to bring it to high pressure by heating it.
  • a cooling fluid for instance freon or halogenated fluids
  • a rotary compressor is used, whose great advantage with respect to traditional compressors is the absence of alternating movements and therefore of vibrations, thus ensuring silence and absence of vibrations to the user's immediate comfort.
  • an exchanger 14 Downstream from the compressor 10 an exchanger 14 is connected, on which a fan 15 is axially placed.
  • Said exchangers 14 are finned-tube exchangers and consist for instance of tubes made of scored copper or of stainless steel.
  • the fins of the exchangers (not shown in Figure 1 ) can be made for instance of aluminum, copper or aluminum treated for environments with aggressive agents.
  • the lamination element 12 (also known as capillary) enables, as is well known, the expansion of the fluid and further allows to adjust the flow rate of said fluid.
  • Said lamination element 12 consists for instance of a copper tube with a length of 1-2 meters, wound on itself and having a diameter of some tenths of millimeter.
  • the lamination element 12 is preceded by a dehydrating filter 12a and is followed by a silencer 12b.
  • the function of the dehydrating filter 12a is to eliminate water residues from the cooling fluid, thus ensuring the compressor 10 a longer life, whereas the function of the silencer 12b, which can be for instance an absorption or resonance silencer, is to soften noises made by the cooling circuit 2 as a whole.
  • the passage of the cooling fluid through the tube constituting the lamination element 12 results in a pressure reduction, without allowing a heat exchange with outside.
  • the cooling fluid is therefore brought to an evaporation temperature, which is far lower that room temperature.
  • the cooling fluid gets through the evaporator 13, which is carried out for instance using the technology, well known to a technician skilled in the art, of exchangers with welded-brazed plates.
  • the evaporator 13 is structurally the same as the capacitor 11 but has an exactly symmetrical function with respect to the latter; here the cooling liquid changes in opposite direction, i.e. shifts from liquid to vapor by absorbing heat from the environment.
  • the cooling fluid overheated at a high pressure gets from the compressor to the capacitor, then starts giving heat to the colder room air getting through it, i.e. at first temperature sinks due to the discharge of sensitive heat, until the state of saturated vapor is reached, i.e. constant pressure P and temperature T.
  • This stage is followed by the condensing of the fluid, i.e. the state shift, from vapor to saturated liquid by means of the plate evaporator 13.
  • the cooling fluid here as gas
  • the cooling fluid must turn completely into gas within this evaporator and then, by getting through the connection pipes in the opposite direction, gets back to the compressor 10.
  • cooling circuit described above from the static and dynamic point of view can also comprise other devices so as to work as a heat pump.
  • the lamination element 12 consists, as is well known to a technician in the field, of a capillary for cold operation, an additional capillary for heat pump operation and a unidirectional bypass valve.
  • a four-way valve for cycle inversion and a storage reservoir for cooling liquid should also be present.
  • the cooling circuit 2 is connected to the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn through the three-way switching (or mixing) valve V1 by means of the intake pipe 5.
  • the valve V1 is equipped with an electric motor (not shown in Figure 1 ), and on the basis of the electric signals sent by the electronic control unit 3 to said electric motor (which can be for instance an incremental motor) said three-way valve V1 can be opened/closed.
  • the valve V1 therefore allows the fluid connection through the intake pipe 5 to the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn acting as heating/cooling terminals whose radiant kit will be supplied according to the present invention with hot water during winter and with cooled water during summer.
  • These fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn generate a forced air flow by means of the fan 16 they are equipped with, which flow involves the whole room generating an active air circulation, preventing the formation of stagnant areas and stratifications and keeping a pleasant and uniform air movement.
  • Each fan-convector F1, ..., Fn is equipped with a thermostat (not shown in Figure 1 ) so as to adjust temperature and with a speed variator for the fans 16 allowing to choose the speed of thermal adjustment for the room.
  • the three-way switching valve V1 is also connected, as already described, to the connection tube D acting as return tube of the heating system 8.
  • the heating system 8 can be for instance an independent gas boiler or a centralized installation or a district heating system (not shown in Figure 1 ).
  • FIG. 2 shows the layout of a gas boiler comprising an inner hydraulic circuit including a heat exchanger 17, a series of burners 18 supplied by a tube 19 in which a throttle valve 20 is arranged, a circulation pump 21, a hot water heater 22 for domestic hot water getting into the tube 23 and out of the tube 24 through the tap 25, an expansion vessel 26, a three-way valve 27 and a throttle valve 28 to bypass the boiler during summer.
  • the boiler 8 comprises also the connection pipe D acting as intake tube and the connection pipe E acting as return tube for the connection to the cooling circuit 2.
  • the three-way valve 27 is controlled by a transducer 29 fitted into the outlet tube 24 of the hot water heater 22. This transducer 29 automatically switches the three-way valve 27 so as to put in communication hot water getting out of the heat exchanger 17 with the hot water heater 22 whenever the tap 25 is opened for supplying hot water for domestic use.
  • the working of the air-conditioning system provides that the throttle valve 28 is closed and that the cooling circuit 2 is operated by the control unit 3 so as to circulate the cooling fluid within the heat exchanger in said cooling circuit 2.
  • the three-way valve V1 is switched by the control unit 3, i.e. by the electronic control unit, so as to connect the connection tube A of the cooling circuit 2, more precisely the outlet tube of the evaporator 13, to the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn through the intake tube 5.
  • control unit 3 actuates the pump P1 so that water coming back from the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn gets through the evaporator 13 of the cooling circuit 2 and then reaches the finned-tube exchanger 14.
  • the refrigerated water is stored in the storage reservoir 4 before reaching the batteries of the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn.
  • the storage unit 4 acts in this first operating configuration as storage unit for cold water getting out through the connection pipe B in the evaporator 13 to enter into the intake pipe 5 of the fan-convectors F1, .., Fn.
  • the fans 16 of the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn can be operated separately by the control unit 3, it is possible to cool during summer either all rooms in the house or only the rooms chosen by the user.
  • the cooling circuit 2 includes, as is well known to a technician in the field, all safety devices, not shown in Figures 1-4 , that are required by the regulations on accident prevention.
  • the boiler 8 allows to heat the rooms of each detached house or block of flats since water within the hydraulic circuit leading to the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn (i.e. intake tube 5) is circulated by the pump 21 within the boiler 8.
  • Hot water can thus circulate in the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn and therefore heats the rooms of the house, whereas the cooling circuit 2 according to the present invention is bypassed by means of the three-way valve V1.
  • control unit 3 does not switch on the pump 1 and the cooling circuit 2.
  • the storage reservoir 4 does not act any more as cold water storage unit but as thermal inertia for water contained within the evaporator 13.
  • the cooling unit i.e. the block 1 comprising the cooling circuit 2, the control unit 3 and the storage reservoir 4, is placed outside the house, no problem arises involving the freezing of the connection tubes during winter, because the latter do not contain water but a cooling fluid that does not freeze.
  • the storage reservoir 4 does not freeze during winter because hot water coming back from the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn heats by convection the content of said reservoir 4 preventing its freezing.
  • hot water within the return tube 5 of the fan-convectors F1, ..., Fn by convection can keep water contained in the storage reservoir 4 liquid (i.e. prevents its freezing) also during winter.
  • the present invention it is possible to obtain a storage reservoir 4 without inlet/outlet tap and/or electric heaters, thus carrying out an air-conditioning system that is more efficient and therefore environmentally friendlier than installations of prior art, and further carrying out an air-conditioning system that does not require maintenance operating during season shifts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
EP02425690A 2002-11-12 2002-11-12 Air-conditioning system for rooms Expired - Lifetime EP1420214B1 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02425690A EP1420214B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2002-11-12 Air-conditioning system for rooms
AT02425690T ATE400777T1 (de) 2002-11-12 2002-11-12 System zur klimatisierung von räumen
DE60227533T DE60227533D1 (de) 2002-11-12 2002-11-12 System zur Klimatisierung von Räumen
CA002447397A CA2447397A1 (en) 2002-11-12 2003-10-29 Air-conditioning system for rooms
US10/697,296 US20040188082A1 (en) 2002-11-12 2003-10-31 Air-conditioning system for rooms
NO20035013A NO327264B1 (no) 2002-11-12 2003-11-11 Klimaanlegg for rom
RU2003132884/06A RU2319078C2 (ru) 2002-11-12 2003-11-11 Система кондиционирования воздуха для помещений
PL03363400A PL363400A1 (en) 2002-11-12 2003-11-12 Air conditioning system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02425690A EP1420214B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2002-11-12 Air-conditioning system for rooms

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1420214A1 EP1420214A1 (en) 2004-05-19
EP1420214B1 true EP1420214B1 (en) 2008-07-09

Family

ID=29762768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02425690A Expired - Lifetime EP1420214B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2002-11-12 Air-conditioning system for rooms

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20040188082A1 (xx)
EP (1) EP1420214B1 (xx)
AT (1) ATE400777T1 (xx)
CA (1) CA2447397A1 (xx)
DE (1) DE60227533D1 (xx)
NO (1) NO327264B1 (xx)
PL (1) PL363400A1 (xx)
RU (1) RU2319078C2 (xx)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101340725B1 (ko) * 2006-10-17 2013-12-12 엘지전자 주식회사 수냉식 공기조화기
FR2913757B1 (fr) * 2007-03-14 2009-07-03 Jose Breard Dispositif de couplage d'un systeme de chauffage a liquide caloporteur a un dispositif de refroidissement
GB2453342A (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-08 Smith S Environmental Products Energy efficient fan convector heating unit with interchangeable standard and low energy operating modes
CN102607146B (zh) * 2012-04-06 2014-09-10 谭仲禧 一种中央空调系统及其控制方法
US9562708B2 (en) 2012-12-03 2017-02-07 Waterfurnace International, Inc. Conduit module coupled with heating or cooling module
RU2545126C1 (ru) * 2013-12-23 2015-03-27 Владимир Павлович Лобко Система поддержания температурного режима в помещении
WO2020227160A1 (en) * 2019-05-05 2020-11-12 Chilled Beam Controls, LLC System and apparatus for conditioning of indoor air

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121625A (en) * 1936-11-17 1938-06-21 Gen Electric Heating and cooling system
US2984460A (en) * 1956-05-21 1961-05-16 Bell & Gossett Co Combined heating and cooling system
US3425485A (en) * 1967-06-28 1969-02-04 Borg Warner Air conditioning unit and pump for single pipe system
US3654988A (en) * 1970-02-24 1972-04-11 American Standard Inc Freeze protection for outdoor cooler
US3906742A (en) * 1972-12-04 1975-09-23 Borg Warner Air conditioning system utilizing ice slurries
US4798240A (en) * 1985-03-18 1989-01-17 Gas Research Institute Integrated space heating, air conditioning and potable water heating appliance
IT1246171B (it) * 1990-07-27 1994-11-16 Riello Condizionatori Sas Impianto di riscaldamento e raffreddamento monoblocco
EP0508245B1 (en) * 1991-04-09 1995-11-08 RIELLO CONDIZIONATORI S.p.A. Combined heating and cooling system
US5244037A (en) * 1992-03-23 1993-09-14 Warnke Dallas H Closed loop ground source pressurized system for a heat pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2447397A1 (en) 2004-05-12
NO20035013L (no) 2004-05-13
NO327264B1 (no) 2009-05-25
EP1420214A1 (en) 2004-05-19
RU2319078C2 (ru) 2008-03-10
DE60227533D1 (de) 2008-08-21
RU2003132884A (ru) 2005-04-20
US20040188082A1 (en) 2004-09-30
NO20035013D0 (no) 2003-11-11
ATE400777T1 (de) 2008-07-15
PL363400A1 (en) 2004-05-17

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