EP1417163A1 - Verfahren zur synthese von terminalen olefinen durch kombination von isomerisierender metathese und isomerisierender transalkylierung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur synthese von terminalen olefinen durch kombination von isomerisierender metathese und isomerisierender transalkylierungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1417163A1 EP1417163A1 EP02764776A EP02764776A EP1417163A1 EP 1417163 A1 EP1417163 A1 EP 1417163A1 EP 02764776 A EP02764776 A EP 02764776A EP 02764776 A EP02764776 A EP 02764776A EP 1417163 A1 EP1417163 A1 EP 1417163A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fraction
- olefins
- olefin
- carbon number
- metathesis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010555 transalkylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000000540 fraction c Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 C 4 olefin Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N (3e,6e)-deca-3,6-diene Chemical compound CCC\C=C\C\C=C\CC GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001399 aluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940077746 antacid containing aluminium compound Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexene Chemical compound CCC=CCC ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013844 butane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical class CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical group [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UVPKUTPZWFHAHY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-ethylhexanoate;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O UVPKUTPZWFHAHY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRTIUDXYIUKIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloocta-1,5-diene;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].C1CC=CCCC=C1.C1CC=CCCC=C1 JRTIUDXYIUKIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetylene Natural products CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003918 fraction a Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIEKYBOPAVTZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L naphthalene-2-carboxylate;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 UIEKYBOPAVTZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DVTHIMLUHWEZOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);octanoate Chemical compound [Ni+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O DVTHIMLUHWEZOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C15/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts
- C07C15/02—Monocyclic hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/02—Alkenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C6/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions
- C07C6/02—Metathesis reactions at an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond
- C07C6/04—Metathesis reactions at an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond at a carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/10—Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
- C07C2523/04—Alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/28—Molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/30—Tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/36—Rhenium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- C07C2523/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
- C07C2523/755—Nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/20—Carbon compounds
- C07C2527/232—Carbonates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of long-chain ⁇ -olefins with a narrow molecular weight distribution, the process comprising an isomerizing metathesis and an isomerizing transalkylation as process steps.
- the process is preferably suitable for the production of ⁇ -olefins having 6 to 15 carbon atoms.
- the process can be used to produce linear ⁇ -olefins with 8 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably with 9 to 11 carbon atoms, and ⁇ -olefins with 10 to 15 carbon atoms, which have a certain proportion of branching.
- olefins Due to their carbon double bond, via which the introduction of a large number of functional groups is possible, olefins represent the most important class of basic chemicals for the chemical industry.
- olefins which, as is known to the person skilled in the art, are divided into different classes, for example in short - And long-chain, linear and branched olefins or olefins with internal and terminal double bonds exist in a wide variety of manufacturing processes.
- the cracking of saturated hydrocarbons is the most frequently used process for the preparation of olefins. However, this is particularly suitable for the production of short-chain olefins in the C number range up to max. 4th
- Linear, higher ⁇ -olefins with C numbers of approximately C 6 to C 20 represent a class of olefins which, after further processing, have found a wide range of uses in the production of detergents, plasticizers and lubricating oils. There are only a limited number of manufacturing processes for this class of olefins. The dehydration of natural alcohols and the cracking of higher paraffins (wax splitting) are insignificant. The majority of linear ⁇ -olefins are produced by transition metal-catalyzed oligomerization of ethylene using the Ziegler process or the so-called SHOP process of Shell, which enables highly linear olefin fractions with ⁇ -olefin contents of> 95% to be obtained.
- Aluminum alkyls are used as catalysts in the Ziegler process, while phosphine-modified nickel complexes are used as active species in the oligomerization reaction in the SHOP process.
- the length distribution of the carbon chain follows the so-called Schulz-Flory distribution with a high proportion of short-chain ⁇ -olefins. The proportion of a particular ⁇ -olefin decreases exponentially with increasing carbon number.
- No. 3,491,163 discloses a build-up reaction for olefins which is not based on a transition metal-catalyzed oligomerization.
- propylene is first subjected to a metathesis reaction.
- the resulting C section freed from lighter and heavier olefins, is then used in an isomerizing metathesis reaction, after which the resulting C 5 and C 6 olefin section is separated from the lighter and heavier isomers and used again in an isomerizing metathesis.
- the resulting desired product namely C 7 -C 1 0 - olefins is isomerized, then freed of lighter and heavier fractions and then isomerized one last time and metathesis.
- the respectively separated light and heavy olefins are returned and used again in the reaction or, in the case of ethylene, used in a build-up reaction.
- a mixture of C ⁇ -C 15 olefins with an internal double bond is obtained.
- the method described in WO 97/34854 allows the production of linear ⁇ -olefins.
- the process is characterized in that an olefin mixture of olefins with an internal double bond having 6 to 30 carbon atoms is metathetized under non-equilibrium conditions.
- the resulting product is separated into a low-boiling olefin component and a higher-boiling olefin component. Both fractions consist of internal olefins.
- the higher-boiling fraction is then subjected to a metathesis with ethylene (ethenolysis), the ⁇ -olefins mentioned being formed in the process.
- there is no build-up reaction to olefins but only the conversion of an olefin cut with an internal double bond into an olefin cut with terminal double bonds.
- olefin mixtures which, in addition to linear ⁇ -olefins in the carbon number range up to C 15 , in particular C 10 to C 15 , have a variable proportion of branched ⁇ -olefins in this carbon range have recently gained economic importance.
- Such olefin mixtures are used for the production of surfactants, for example for the production of alkylbenzenes and surfactant alcohols, which are used as detergent raw materials.
- the process should preferably be linear ⁇ -olefins in the carbon number range from C 8 to C 1 , in particular C 9 to Cn, and branched ⁇ -olefins in the carbon number range from C 10 to C 15 or mixtures of these branched olefins with linear ⁇ -olefins of the same carbon number range.
- the present invention relates to a method which also achieves the object presented above.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of long-chain ⁇ -olefins with a narrow molecular weight distribution, comprising the following process steps:
- Trialkylaluminum compound under isomerizing conditions whereby an olefin corresponding to the alkyl radical is released and the olefins used attach to the aluminum with isomerization and formation of corresponding alkylaluminum compounds
- the metathesis reaction i) can be carried out in such a way that the product obtained has a high proportion of higher olefins by appropriately guiding the circulating currents and skillfully setting the suitable reaction conditions. It is thus possible to build up the carbon chain through the metathesis reaction.
- Suitable starting materials for the metathesis reaction i) are, on the one hand, short-chain linear olefins with carbon numbers from 4 to 10, which can originate, for example, from steam or so-called FCC crackers.
- such sections contain cis / trans-butenes, cis / trans-pentenes and cis / trans-hexenes with different positions of the double bond.
- olefins with the desired carbon number or olefin mixtures in the desired carbon number range, which originate from the Fischer-Tropsch process.
- a C -C 6 olefin mixture is preferably used.
- C 4 olefins are particularly suitable as starting material.
- butene mixtures such as those obtained in the dehydrogenation of butanes or by dimerization of ethene, can be used.
- Butanes contained in the C4 fraction are inert. Dienes, alenes or enynes that are present in the mixture used are removed using common methods such as extraction or selective hydrogenation.
- the butene content of the C4 fraction preferably used in the process is 1 to 100% by weight, preferably 60 to 90% by weight.
- the butene content relates to 1-butene and 2-butene. Since olefin-containing C4-hydrocarbon mixtures are available at low cost, the use of these mixtures improves the added value of steam cracker by-products. Products with high added value are also preserved.
- a C4 fraction is preferably used which is obtained in steam or FCC cracking or in the dehydrogenation of butane.
- Raffinate II is particularly preferably used as the C4 fraction, with the C4 stream being freed from disturbing impurities, in particular oxigenates, by appropriate treatment on adsorber protective beds, preferably on high-surface area aluminum oxides and / or molecular sieves.
- Raffinate II is obtained from the C4 fraction by first extracting butadiene and / or subjecting it to selective hydrogenation. After separation of isobutene, the raffinate II is then obtained. Suitable processes are disclosed in DE 100 13 253.7 by the applicant.
- branched C 4 -C 10 olefins can also be used in metathesis i).
- This variant is interesting in the cases in which ⁇ -olefins are to be produced which are branched or mixtures which contain such branched olefins together with linear ⁇ -olefins.
- These branched olefins or the mixtures containing them are preferably used, for example, for the production of alkylbenzenes or alkylbenzenesulfonates.
- Another possibility of obtaining branched olefins is to carry out a metathesis reaction under conditions in which a so-called isomerization of the hydrocarbon chain occurs. This is explained further below.
- the metathesis process i) is carried out on a catalyst which catalyzes the metathesis reaction and at the same time the double bond isomerization of the olefins formed.
- a metathesis catalyst and an isomerization catalyst can be present separately in the reactor.
- the metathesis and the isomerization reaction can be carried out in separate reactors, one of which contains the isomerization catalyst and the other contains the metathesis catalyst. First the metathesis and then the isomerization can be carried out, but the metathesis can also follow the isomerization.
- the metathesis catalyst contains a compound of a metal from groups VIb, VEb or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
- the metathesis catalyst preferably contains an oxide of a metal from group VIb or VIIIb of the periodic table of the elements.
- the metathesis catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Re 2 O 7 , WO 3 and MoO 3 .
- the isomerization catalyst contains a metal from Groups Ia, Ila, Illb, IVb, Vb or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements or a compound thereof.
- the isomerization catalyst is preferably selected from the group consisting of Re 2 O 7 , RuO 2 , NiO, MgO, Na and K CO 3 .
- Homogeneous isomerization catalysts for example Ni (0) with aluminum alkyls or metallocenes of Ti, Zr or Hf, can also be used.
- a catalyst is preferably used which is active both as a metathesis and as an isomerization catalyst.
- a catalyst has a combination of the catalyst components mentioned above, that is to say contains a compound of a metal from groups VIb, Vllb or VIII for catalyzing the metathesis and an element from groups Ia, Ila, Illb, IVb, Vb or VIII of the periodic table Elements for the catalysis of the isomerization reaction.
- Preferred and particularly preferred mixed catalysts each contain at least one of the compounds mentioned above as preferred and particularly preferred.
- the catalysts are generally supported on the usual materials known to the person skilled in the art.
- suitable materials include SiO 2 , ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , MgO, B 2 O 3 or mixtures of these materials, for example ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 / B 2 O 3 / SiO 2 .
- the isomerizing metathesis i) is generally carried out at temperatures of 20 to 450 ° C. If the production of linear ⁇ -olefins is desired, that is Temperature in the metathesis reaction i) preferably in the range from 40 to 100 ° C. In the case of the production of branched ⁇ -olefins, the metathesis i) is preferably carried out at temperatures from 80 to 150 ° C.
- the pressures used are from 1 to 60 bar, preferably 10 to 45 bar, in particular 30 to 35 bar.
- reaction parameters known to the person skilled in the art
- the isomerizing metathesis can be carried out in such a way that a high proportion of olefins in the desired C number range is obtained.
- reaction parameters include, for example, the C number range of the starting olefms, the choice of catalysts, the reaction temperature, the residence time, the degree of discharge of the product formed, and the composition and degree of recycling of the olefin fraction, which are obtained after the isomerizing metathesis and the subsequent separation become.
- the metathesis reaction i) can be carried out in such a way that the olefins used branch off.
- This branching can be achieved, for example, by using a catalyst with acidic centers and / or choosing a sufficiently high reaction temperature.
- a linear C 4 cut is used in the metathesis reaction i) and is metathetized under conditions in which branching occurs.
- a C 10 -C 15 olefin fraction with at least a portion of branched olefins is obtained as fraction b), which is then converted to a C 10 -C 15 ⁇ -olefin fraction in step iv).
- a C 10 -C 10 -branched olefins can be used as a starting material in the reaction.
- a linear C 4 cut is used in the isomerizing metathesis reaction i), a linear C 8 -C 12 olefin fraction is obtained as fraction b) and this is converted into a linear C 8 - in step iv) C 12 - ⁇ -olefin fraction implemented.
- a C 9 -C ⁇ -olefin fraction is obtained in b) and this is converted into a C 9 -C 11 - ⁇ -olefin fraction in iv).
- the isomerizing metathesis reaction i) can be carried out continuously or batchwise. Deactivation of the catalyst system is often observed after a certain time. This can be remedied by regenerating the catalysts, generally by heating in an oxygen-containing nitrogen stream and burning off the organic deposits.
- the product mixture obtained after the isomerizing metathesis i) is then separated using the customary methods, preferably by distillation.
- the desired olefin fraction b), which is subsequently used in the isomerizing transalkylation or, if desired, is further processed into valuable products, can be obtained in this way. This desired fraction is preferably the C 8 -C 12 fraction in the case of linear olefins or the C 10 -C 15 fraction in the case of branched olefins.
- a low boiler fraction a) which contains C 2 - and C 3 -olefins. These are separated and processed in the usual procedures.
- a light olefin fraction c) is also isolated which contains olefins whose carbon number range is from C 4 to below the carbon number of the desired olefin fraction. This fraction is returned to the isomerizing metathesis. This light fraction is preferably the C -C 7 olefin fraction.
- a heavy olefin fraction d) which contains olefins whose carbon number range is at values which are higher than the carbon numbers of the desired olefin fraction. If appropriate, this fraction can also be returned to the isomerizing metathesis reaction, alternatively it can also be wholly or partly mixed with fraction b) in the transalkylation reaction iv).
- the heavy fraction is preferably C 13+ olefins in the production of linear olefins or the C 1 -C fraction in the case of the production of branched olefins.
- the desired fraction b) include in particular C ⁇ -C 15 olefins after hydroformylation and alkoxylation as detergents and cleaning agents, C 10 -C 14 olefins after conversion to alkylbenzenes or alkylbenzenesulfonates as detergents and cleaning agents, and C 6 -C 10 olefins after hydroformylation and hydrogenation to so-called plasticizer alcohols.
- Fraction b) which contains olefins with the desired chain length, can therefore optionally be removed from the synthesis sequence without further functionalization in step iv) and processed further to give the product.
- the desired olefin fraction b) is preferably used according to the invention in step iv) in a transalkylation.
- transalkylation is understood to mean the reaction of an internal olefin with a trialkylaluminum compound under isomerizing conditions.
- the internal olefin rearranges to a mixture of internal and terminal olefins with double bond isomerization, with only the terminal olefins reacting to form an aluminum alkyl. This releases an olefin that corresponds to the alkyl radical that was previously bound to the aluminum.
- the trialkylaluminum compound formed is reacted with an ⁇ -olefin, preferably a lower olefin.
- the desired ⁇ -olefin or mixtures thereof are produced by displacement.
- the olefins formed correspond to the alkyl radicals which have formed in iv) after isomerization of the internal olefins and addition to the trialkylaluminum compound.
- the olefin which is released in the reaction of the trialkylaluminum compound with the linear internal olefin is isolated and, in step v), is reacted with the trialkylaluminum compound formed in order to release the desired ⁇ -olefins.
- the transalkylation is preferably carried out by the processes described in the applications EP-A 505 834 and EP-A 525 760.
- a linear, internal olefin which has 4 to 30 carbon atoms, or a mixture of such olefins with internal double bonds, is reacted with a trialkylaluminum compound, the molar ratio of the linear olefins with internal double bonds to the trialkylaluminum being 1 to a maximum of 50/1.
- the reaction takes place in the presence of a catalytic amount of a nickel-containing isomerization catalyst which effects the isomerization of the internal olefinic double bond, whereby at least a small amount of linear ⁇ -olefin is produced.
- the alkyl groups are then displaced from the trialkylaluminum and a new alkylaluminum compound is formed in which at least one of the alkyl groups bonded to the aluminum is a linear alkyl derived from the corresponding linear ⁇ -olefin.
- the Alkyl aluminum compound optionally in the presence of a displacement catalyst, reacted with a 1-olefin to displace the linear alkyl from the alkyl aluminum compound and to produce a free, linear ⁇ -olefin.
- the isomerization catalyst is selected from nickel (II) salts, nickel (II) carboxylates, nickel (II) acetonates and nickel (0) complexes, which can be stabilized with a trivalent phosphorus ligand.
- the isomerization catalyst is selected from the group consisting of nickel bis 1,5-cyclooctadiene, nickel acetate, nickel naphthenate, nickel octanoate, nickel 2-ethylhexanoate and nickel chloride.
- the transalkylation reaction can also be carried out according to other variants which are familiar or accessible to the person skilled in the art.
- the variant in which linear, rather than branched, olefins are used is particularly important.
- isomerization catalysts which contain no Ni or no Ni compound can be used.
- the aluminum alkyls used in the transalkylation are known to the person skilled in the art. They are selected based on availability or, for example, aspects of reaction management. Examples of these compounds include triethyl aluminum, tripropyl aluminum, tri-n-butyl aluminum and triisobutyl aluminum. Tripropyl aluminum or triethyl aluminum is preferably used.
- fraction d which contains long-chain olefins, or a part thereof, is also introduced into the transalkylation reaction.
- ⁇ -olefins of C 10 -C 1 are important for the preparation of surfactant alcohols and of alkylbenzenes (by reaction with benzene), whereby exclusively linear C 10 -C 1 - ⁇ -olefins and also olefins are used which, in addition to linear olefins, have a certain proportion of branched olefins.
- Linear ⁇ -olefins of C 6 -C 10 are processed into plasticizer alcohols after hydroformylation, linear C 6 -C 8 - ⁇ -olefins are preferably used in LLDPE (Linear Low Density Polyethylene).
- LLDPE Linear Low Density Polyethylene
- 70 g 3 -hexene (96%) was calcined at 200 ° C. without maintaining pressure in a 270 ml autoclave for 10 hours in the presence of 20 g 10% Re 2 O 7 / Al 2 O 3 (12 hours at 550 ° C. in an air stream , cooled under N 2 ) stirred. After cooling, there were still 20 g of oligomer mixture (29% based on sample weight) in the autoclave (distribution: C: 7.5% C 6 : 70.4%, C 7 : 7.4%, C 8 : 5.1%, C 9 : 3.8%, C 10 : 2.8%, C ⁇ : 1.9%, C 12 1.3%, C 13+ : 2.5%).
- the proportion of C 8-12 was 15%, the C 12+ fraction 3.8%, the degree of branching (determined by means of hydrogenating GC) was 20%.
- the C 8 -C 12 olefin mixture is then subjected to the transalkylation according to the invention.
- the proportion of C 8-12 was 42%, the C 12+ fraction 5%, the degree of branching (determined by means of hydrogenating GC) was 12%.
- the C 8 -C 12 olefin mixture is then subjected to the transalkylation according to the invention.
- 77 g of raffinate II was at 150 ° C. in a 270 ml autoclave within 50 hours in the presence of 20 g of 10% Re 2 O 7 / Al 2 O (calcined in an air stream at 550 ° C. for 12 hours, cooled under N 2 ) relaxed from 36 to 4 bar. After cooling, there were still 7 g of oligomer mixture (10% based on the weight) in the autoclave (C 4-7 : 40%, C 8-11 : 28%, C 12+ : 32%, strong branching). The C 8 -C 2 -olefin mixture is then subjected according to the invention to the transalkylation.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10136048A DE10136048A1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2001-07-25 | Verfahren zur Synthese von terminalen Olefinen durch Kombination von isomerisierender Metathese und isomerisierender Transalkylierung |
| DE10136048 | 2001-07-25 | ||
| PCT/EP2002/008253 WO2003011800A1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-07-24 | Verfahren zur synthese von terminalen olefinen durch kombination von isomerisierender metathese und isomerisierender transalkylierung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1417163A1 true EP1417163A1 (de) | 2004-05-12 |
Family
ID=7692923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02764776A Withdrawn EP1417163A1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-07-24 | Verfahren zur synthese von terminalen olefinen durch kombination von isomerisierender metathese und isomerisierender transalkylierung |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040199035A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1417163A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1547563A (de) |
| AR (1) | AR034888A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10136048A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW588040B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003011800A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030224945A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2003-12-04 | Twu Fred Chun-Chien | Process for well fluids base oil via metathesis of alpha-olefins |
| AR049714A1 (es) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-08-30 | Shell Int Research | Proceso de preparacion de alfa olefinas lineales |
| US7683226B1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2010-03-23 | Uop Llc | Integrated processes for making detergent range alkylbenzenes from C5-C6-containing feeds |
| EP2140935A1 (de) | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-06 | Uop Llc | Selektives Hydrierungsverfahren mit einer geschichteten Katalysatorzusammensetzung und Herstellung des Katalysatoren |
| EP2186786A3 (de) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-09-01 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Verfahren zur Trennung von Olefinen und Paraffinen |
| US9120736B2 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2015-09-01 | Cognis Ip Management Gmbh | Method for producing unsaturated compounds |
| CN118184686A (zh) * | 2024-05-15 | 2024-06-14 | 潍坊达奥催化剂有限公司 | 一种长碳链烷基铝的间歇式制备方法及连续化制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3786112A (en) * | 1971-08-30 | 1974-01-15 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Olefin disproportionation catalyst |
| US3763032A (en) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-10-02 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Increasing the octane of olefinic gasolines using disproportionation alkylation and reforming steps |
| US5124465A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-06-23 | Ethyl Corporation | Aluminum alkyls and linear 1-olefins from internal olefins |
| US5191145A (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1993-03-02 | Ethyl Corporation | Continuous process for preparing aluminum alkyls and linear 1-olefins from internal olefins |
| EP1373169A1 (de) * | 2001-01-25 | 2004-01-02 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Modifiziertes verfahren zur herstellung höherer alpha-olefin |
-
2001
- 2001-07-25 DE DE10136048A patent/DE10136048A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-07-18 TW TW091116018A patent/TW588040B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-24 US US10/483,988 patent/US20040199035A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-24 WO PCT/EP2002/008253 patent/WO2003011800A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-07-24 AR ARP020102780A patent/AR034888A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-24 CN CNA028166949A patent/CN1547563A/zh active Pending
- 2002-07-24 EP EP02764776A patent/EP1417163A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03011800A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10136048A1 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
| WO2003011800A1 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
| CN1547563A (zh) | 2004-11-17 |
| US20040199035A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
| TW588040B (en) | 2004-05-21 |
| AR034888A1 (es) | 2004-03-24 |
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