EP1413827A1 - Antirefluxiver, statischer Rauchgasabsauger - Google Patents

Antirefluxiver, statischer Rauchgasabsauger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1413827A1
EP1413827A1 EP03364024A EP03364024A EP1413827A1 EP 1413827 A1 EP1413827 A1 EP 1413827A1 EP 03364024 A EP03364024 A EP 03364024A EP 03364024 A EP03364024 A EP 03364024A EP 1413827 A1 EP1413827 A1 EP 1413827A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base
smoke extractor
extractor device
duct
cap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03364024A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Zaniewski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1413827A1 publication Critical patent/EP1413827A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/02Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/12Devices for fastening the top or terminal to chimney, shaft, or flue
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00Ventilation
    • F24F7/02Roof ventilation
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/02Tents combined or specially associated with other devices
    • E04H15/10Heating, lighting or ventilating
    • E04H15/14Ventilating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a static "anti-reflective" smoke extractor, which is intended to be placed at the outlet of a chimney flue of any room, for example of a dwelling, individual or collective, to accelerate the aspiration burnt gases and / or stale air from the room in the duct under the action of the wind, and avoid reversals of circulation towards the inside of the room.
  • Such a device is generally mounted on the roof of the room.
  • the smoke extractor device according to the invention is, more specifically, a static type device, devoid of moving parts and whose operation results solely from the action of the wind, unlike some devices with dynamic action provided with means of mechanical aspiration, such as a turbine.
  • a static device comprises, conventionally, an annular base (horizontal) mounted around the outlet mouth of the conduit (vertical) and surmounted by a cap (approximately horizontal).
  • the cap is held at a certain distance above the mouth by means of suitable spacers, such as a series of vertical fixing rods.
  • the space between the base and the cap favors the passage of the wind.
  • the cap When the wind is very plunging, oriented downwards in a direction close to the vertical, the cap prevents the wind from entering the chimney flue and then obstructing the evacuation of smoke.
  • the upper face of the base and the underside of the cap are shaped so that the passage which they delimit has a decreasing section, the minimum section forming an adequate constriction situated in the central part of the apparatus, at the level of the axis of the duct.
  • the assembly is symmetrical with respect to this axis.
  • the top of the base and the bottom of the cap have the shape of a curved bowl, for example in a portion of a sphere, the convexities of which face each other, in order to obtain a gentle variation of the section, facilitating good flow. gases.
  • the cap also has the function of preventing rain from falling into the duct.
  • Certain embodiments use a base and a cap whose opposite faces are conical (or frustoconical), as in the documents FR 1 403 955, FR 2 034 434, FR 2 374 591 and US 3 347 147 ( Figure 3) for example.
  • the underside of the cap has a concave underside.
  • the present invention aims to provide a smoke extractor of the kind defined above which is effective regardless of the wind direction, this by selecting specific shapes of the base and the cap, combining them, and adding a fin whose shape is also specific.
  • An object of the invention is to avoid in all circumstances the backflow of smoke in the duct, including in the most delicate situations, in particular in the event of a rising wind.
  • the static extractor must generate in the duct a depression which increases with the speed of the wind and which consequently opposes the inversions of circulation which can come from plunging winds pushing from the top of the duct, but also, more particularly, from the phenomenon siphoning (suction) from the bottom of the duct concerned, caused by certain facades sheltered from the wind, and where the depression is greater than that of said duct (when the latter is devoid of extractor, or is equipped with an inefficient extractor).
  • the proposed arrangement achieves these objectives, without practically affecting the simplicity of design or operation of the device, or its cost price.
  • the smoke extractor device which is the subject of the invention is intended to be placed at the outlet of a vertical cylindrical chimney flue of any room, for example of a dwelling, individual or collective, to favor the suction of burnt gases and / or stale air from the room to the outside.
  • a static device comprising a horizontal annular base mounted around the outlet outlet of the duct (vertical) and surmounted by a cap (approximately horizontal), provided with a peripheral annular flange (also horizontal), which is kept at a certain distance above the mouth by means of suitable spacers, such as vertical fixing rods, the assembly being symmetrical with respect to the axis of the conduit, the space between the base and the cap authorizing and promoting the passage of the wind, the upper face of the base and the underside of the cap being shaped so that the passage which they delimit has a decreasing section, from the outside to the inside, the section minimum forming an adequate constriction located in the central part of the device, at the level of the axis of the duct, capable of inducing suction from the bottom upwards in the duct, by the Venturi effect, this with a proportional flow onnel at wind speed.
  • the smoke extractor device illustrated in FIG. 1 is shown mounted on the upper end of a cylindrical chimney flue C, of vertical axis Z-Z ', which projects from a roof T.
  • This device comprises a base 1, and an upper part 2, composed of a cap 3 and a fin 4.
  • the base is a body of revolution, for example of tubular cylindrical sheet, comprising a lower sleeve 12, an upper sleeve 13, and an annular part 10-11 connecting these two sleeves.
  • the upper face 10 of this part is smooth and has a curved shape, of convexity directed upwards and outwards.
  • Its section is in an arc, preferably close to the quarter circle, centered at the middle zone of the wall of the lower sleeve 12.
  • the annular part of the base therefore has the general shape of a meniscus, crossed by a central opening.
  • the upper cylindrical portion 13 forms a sharp angle with the arcuate wall 10.
  • the internal diameter of the portion 12 corresponds, apart from the interlocking clearance, to the external diameter of the conduit C on which it is fitted.
  • the fixing is ensured by a collar (metal wire) 7 housed in a groove defined by an annular bead of the lower sleeve 12, as will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.
  • the upper sleeve 13 has a diameter substantially identical to that of the conduit C and abuts against the upper edge thereof.
  • the cap 3 coaxially overhangs the mouth of the conduit and the base.
  • the cap 3 is kept fixed, at a certain height above the mouth of the conduit, in this case by means of spacers. It is a plurality of fine vertical rods 5 (partially shown in the drawing so as not to affect readability), which are distributed annularly, regularly, to form a cylindrical grid capable of preventing the intrusion of volatile.
  • Each rod is fixed at its lower end to the base 1, by means of an appropriate fixing member 50.
  • the lower end portion of each rod is advantageously threaded.
  • Its upper end portion 6 is fixed, for example by bolting and / or riveting, both to the plate 30 and to the cover 32.
  • the vertical rods 5 not only ensure the mounting of the cap 3 above the base 1, but also fixedly hold the cover 32 at a certain distance above the flange 31, leaving a gap between these two elements.
  • annular "k" which allows the passage of the wind.
  • the rods 5 are wires of circular section, of small diameter, so that they do not disturb the flow of wind and gases during their passage through the device.
  • the diameter D 2 of the plate 30 is slightly smaller than the external diameter D 1 of the base 1.
  • the diameter of the cover 32 is slightly larger than the diameter of the central opening of the plate 30.
  • a discoid deflector plate 4 or fin in the shape of a slightly curved cap (or bowl), with its convexity facing downwards.
  • This adjustment can be carried out initially, in a wind tunnel, according to the requirements of the aforementioned standard P-50 413.
  • D 1 has a value between 1.5 D and 2 D approximately.
  • H is the distance from the plate 30 above the mouth of the conduit, H is advantageously between 0.45 and 0.75 D approximately, and preferably between 0.55 and 0.65 D.
  • H is for example equal to 0.60 D , or close to this value.
  • the corner sector B 1 AB 2 (which goes all around the mouth of the duct) corresponds to the directional zone of the winds in which the smoke extraction is possible.
  • the angle B 0 AB 1 represents a sector of plunging winds, favorable for obtaining depressions and flow rates which meet the requirements of the above-mentioned standard.
  • the angle B 0 AB 2 represents a sector of ascending winds for which it is more difficult to obtain a suitable aspiration.
  • the orientation of the wind is located in a favorable angular zone, of relatively low incidence compared to the horizontal.
  • the low pressure area is referenced ZD.
  • FIG. 2A shows a situation of substantially horizontal lateral wind V.
  • the convergence of the air current between the convex curved surfaces 10 of the base and the fin causes a Venturi effect which promotes the suction of the fumes F leaving the conduit, which emerge from the other side, in the depression zone ZD , carried away by this current ( V + F ).
  • FIG. 2B shows a situation of upward inclined lateral wind V.
  • the convergence of the air flow between the convex curved surfaces 10 of the base and the fin again causes a Venturi effect which favors the suction of the fumes F leaving the duct, which emerge on the other side in depression , carried away by this current ( V + F ).
  • Part V ' of the wind in the upper zone of the air flow, passes over the fin 4, and enters the device via the space j located under the cover 3, avoiding a harmful phenomenon of reflection (rebound) of this part against the fin, which could generate a downward current in the center of the duct, which would disturb the extraction of fumes.
  • Part of the flow comes out of the extractor device through the spaces j and k located on the opposite side.
  • FIG. 2C shows a situation of inclined downward side wind V.
  • V + F the current
  • a part V ' of the wind, in the lower zone of the air flow, is deflected by the border zone of the base and is channeled towards the outside. It therefore has no disturbing effect on the output.
  • Figure 2D shows a situation of strongly inclined upward side wind V, which is close to the critical angle constituted by the half-line AB 2 .
  • a portion V 1 of the air flow strikes the plate 30 and is deflected by it. It passes between the fin 4 and the cover, and exits on the other side, through the passages k (portion V " ) and j (portion V ' ).
  • Part V 2 of the wind in the external zone of the flow of air, passes by the cover and continues freely upward movement.
  • Part V 3 of the wind in the internal zone of the air flow, licks the arched underside of the base 1 and forms a vortex.
  • the vortex flow is subdivided into a part W 1 which externally circumvents the lower edge of the base, and rises, and a part W 2 which continues its movement by following the underside of the base, surrounding the duct C, to return the low pressure zone ZD .
  • FIG. 2E shows a situation of a strongly inclined downward side wind V, which is close to the half-line B 1 A.
  • the cap 3 protects the inlet of the conduit C from the downward air flow V.
  • the entire flow is directed towards the zone ZD , causing the desired suction F in the duct, the fumes F2 being expelled from the leeward side.
  • the upper sleeve - or flange - 13 which borders the central opening of the base and forms an edge at a sharp angle (relative to its curved face 10), plays an important role in “breaking” and deflecting the air currents licking the face 10, preventing them from entering the duct and disturbing the desired Venturi effect.
  • the cover 32, as well as the fin which is integral therewith, are advantageously removable (easily removable), constituting a sweeping pad which does not require for this operation the dismantling of the rest of the 'apparatus.
  • the aforementioned peripheral gap k existing between this cover 32 and the plate 30 allows controlled air leakage in certain plunging wind situations, in particular in the direction B 1 A.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show devices having a cap in one piece.
  • FIG. 3 has a central area recessed upwards, with a flat bottom, and a plane annular rim, while that in FIG. 4 is a simple discoid plate 3 ".
  • each of these two embodiments is generally similar to that of the first, as described above with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2E.
  • the base 1 can be produced in different ways, in particular by forming a tubular blank, for example by hydroforming with axial compression and radial expansion in a suitable mold.
  • the upper part 13-10 is fixed to the lower part 12-11 in the outermost region of the base.
  • parts 10 and 11 have annular flanges 100-110 by which they are welded to each other.
  • the parts 11 have an annular rim 110 on which the end 101 of the part 10 is crimped.
  • the base 1 consists of a mass 8 of poured concrete, integral with the conduit C which it surrounds, the overhanging sleeve part 13 being preserved.
  • the base 1 is also made of poured concrete.
  • embedded metallic inserts 50 opening upwards into the curved upper face of the base and used for fixing the spacer rods 5.
  • These are for example nuts into which the portions of the screw are screwed. 'lower end, threaded for this purpose, of said rods.
  • the base is made of metal or concrete, or even of another material, its external wall can be smooth, as for the embodiments previously described, or be striated.
  • FIG. 9 This possibility is illustrated in Figure 9 where the base 1 'has an upper face 10' which has annular grooves 102, configured in the form of stair treads. Its outline is generally inscribed in a surface of revolution of section in an arc of a circle (or close to the arc of a circle).
  • Figure 10 illustrates the possibility of mounting the appliance on a rectangular or square chimney flue.
  • a tubular support leg P is provided , in the form of a sleeve, the cross section of which is gradually variable to make a smooth transition from its base (rectangular or square) to its upper mouth (circular).
  • the foot P is fixed at its base on the conduit C ' .
  • the device similar to those previously described, comprises a section of circular duct TC dimensioned so as to be able to be fitted without significant play and fixed in the upper mouth of the foot P by any appropriate means such as sealing with mortar, bonding, riveting. or bolting for example.
  • the foot P provides a sealed connection between the interior spaces of the chimney and the circular duct section.
  • the chimney C ' is for example made of concrete.
  • the support leg P can be made of concrete or metal.
  • the support leg P shown in FIG. 11 is "straight"; it allows the appliance to be connected in line with the chimney.
  • the support leg P ' shown in Figure 12 is "oblique"; it allows the device to be mounted along an axis Z-Z ' offset from the axis WW' of the chimney. This type of foot is particularly useful when it comes to equipping two adjacent chimneys each with a device according to the invention.
  • the base 1 illustrated in FIG. 13 comprises upper 10 and lower 11 parts in the form of stamped sheets fixed to one another at their periphery, for example by riveting or welding.
  • Fixing lugs 121 for example four in number, distributed at right angles, are also fixed at this level at their upper end. Their lower end is fixed to a cylindrical sleeve 12 capable of fitting together with a slight clearance on the conduit C.
  • this sleeve is formed a circular groove 120, which forms a semi-cylindrical annular bead 120 projecting outwards.
  • This groove receives a tightening wire 7 adapted to secure the sleeve 12 (and correspondingly the entire apparatus) with the outlet of the conduit C so convenient and effective, this through one (or more) presser shoe (s).
  • Figure 14 shows such a shoe 9.
  • plastic material for example, it has approximately the shape of a pin comprising a discoid head 90 and a cylindrical rod 91, the outer wall of which is corrugated.
  • the rod is split axially, up to the head 90, so as to present a lumen 92 whose width is substantially equal to the diameter of the wire 7.
  • the latter is a flexible metallic steel wire, but nevertheless semi-rigid, and mechanically resistant.
  • the bead 120 is crossed by two diametrically opposite windows, located at this groove.
  • one of these windows is a horizontal radial hole in which it is possible to insert the rod 91, from the inside to the outside of the sleeve 12, by trapping in said slot 92 the wire 7.
  • the elasticity of the material of this rod, and its deformability due to the presence of the slot, allow this insertion.
  • the sinking of the rod can be carried out "fully” in said window, so that the head 90 is set back, towards the outside, with respect to the wall of the conduit C , shown in broken dashed lines in the figure 14.
  • the annular reliefs of the rod 91 retain it in this recessed position, which does not interfere with the positioning by axial interlocking of the sleeve 12 on the conduit.
  • An operating handle 900 pierced with two parallel holes is threaded over said ends 71 (see FIG. 15).
  • the fixing is obtained by rotation R of this handle on itself, in order to twist the ends 71 and cause the cable 7 to be tightened on the conduit C.
  • the shoe 9 is then applied forcefully, by its head 90, against the duct, ensuring its blocking.
  • the sleeve 12 is itself immobilized in rotation and in translation relative to the cable, a perfect fixing of the base is obtained at the end of the conduit.
  • the handle 900 can be removed, and the excess wire twisted if necessary cut.
  • shoes 9 are provided on the wire 7, for example three shoes distributed at 120 ° (see FIG. 15) so that a retainer satisfactory wire loop is ensured inside the bead 120 during assembly, and that the clamping forces developed by the pads are regularly distributed around the periphery of the conduit C.
  • FIG. 18 the line of which in broken lines QR shows a profile strictly in "quarter circle”, centered in O on the wall of the conduit, at the base of the base 1a, respectively 1b, while the line TC corresponds to a truncated cone open at the bottom and with a half-angle at the apex ⁇ equal to 45 degrees, or close to this value.
  • the lower faces 11a, 11b, of the base 1a, respectively 1b have a slightly concave shape as shown in FIG. 18.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
EP03364024A 2002-10-21 2003-10-20 Antirefluxiver, statischer Rauchgasabsauger Withdrawn EP1413827A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0213106 2002-10-21
FR0213106A FR2846073B1 (fr) 2002-10-21 2002-10-21 Extracteur statique antireflueur pour fumees

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1413827A1 true EP1413827A1 (de) 2004-04-28

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EP03364024A Withdrawn EP1413827A1 (de) 2002-10-21 2003-10-20 Antirefluxiver, statischer Rauchgasabsauger

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EP (1) EP1413827A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2846073B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2503315A (en) * 2012-06-20 2013-12-25 New World Energy Entpr Ltd Air handling system using Venturi effect

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2352132A1 (fr) * 1976-05-21 1977-12-16 Zaniewski Michel Coffrage perdu pour moulage sur chantier de dispositif aspirateur de fumee
FR2543265A1 (fr) * 1983-03-22 1984-09-28 Zaniewski Michel Dispositif modulaire de protection de cheminee participant a l'extraction des fumees et utilise comme registre
EP0214087A1 (de) * 1985-08-09 1987-03-11 Roweco Kaminhaube zur Überwachung des Zuges in einem Kaminrohr
FR2678357A1 (fr) * 1991-06-25 1992-12-31 Bourlon Michel Aspirateur statique antirefouleur.
FR2711770A1 (fr) * 1993-10-25 1995-05-05 Zaniewski Michel Perfectionnements aux dispositifs modulaires permettant l'assemblage d'appareils d'extraction des fumées ou d'aération des locaux.
FR2758177A1 (fr) * 1997-01-03 1998-07-10 Liddell International Aspirateur statique antirefouleur

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE851533C (de) 1951-01-10 1952-10-06 Klaus Weltner Schornstein- oder Entlueftungsaufsatz
BE567183A (de) 1957-04-27
FR1403955A (fr) 1964-06-08 1965-06-25 Aspirateur statico-dynamique de fluides gazeux
US3345931A (en) 1964-12-03 1967-10-10 Gulf Research Development Co Venturi ejector including automatically movable disc members
US3347147A (en) 1967-03-02 1967-10-17 Ben O Howard Exhauster including venturi means
FR2034434A6 (de) 1969-03-31 1970-12-11 Vonlanthen Jean
CH552176A (fr) 1972-05-01 1974-07-31 Pernet Edmond Cape de cheminee.
FR2374591A1 (fr) 1976-12-14 1978-07-13 Amphoux Andre Aspirateur statico-dynamique de fluides gazeux
BE901401A (nl) 1984-12-27 1985-04-16 Neefs Anthony Inrichting voor het bevorderen van de trek in gasafvoerkanalen.
DE69628094T2 (de) 1995-07-12 2004-04-01 Hodgson, Robert, Chichester Schornsteinkopf

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2352132A1 (fr) * 1976-05-21 1977-12-16 Zaniewski Michel Coffrage perdu pour moulage sur chantier de dispositif aspirateur de fumee
FR2543265A1 (fr) * 1983-03-22 1984-09-28 Zaniewski Michel Dispositif modulaire de protection de cheminee participant a l'extraction des fumees et utilise comme registre
EP0214087A1 (de) * 1985-08-09 1987-03-11 Roweco Kaminhaube zur Überwachung des Zuges in einem Kaminrohr
FR2678357A1 (fr) * 1991-06-25 1992-12-31 Bourlon Michel Aspirateur statique antirefouleur.
FR2711770A1 (fr) * 1993-10-25 1995-05-05 Zaniewski Michel Perfectionnements aux dispositifs modulaires permettant l'assemblage d'appareils d'extraction des fumées ou d'aération des locaux.
FR2758177A1 (fr) * 1997-01-03 1998-07-10 Liddell International Aspirateur statique antirefouleur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2503315A (en) * 2012-06-20 2013-12-25 New World Energy Entpr Ltd Air handling system using Venturi effect

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2846073B1 (fr) 2005-01-14
FR2846073A1 (fr) 2004-04-23

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