EP1412184B1 - Printing groups of a printing press - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a printing unit of a printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.

By the DE 198 03 809 A1 is known a printing unit whose form cylinder has at its periphery in the circumferential direction one, and in the longitudinal direction a plurality of printing plates. A cooperating with the forme cylinder transfer cylinder has a double circumference and is performed in the circumferential direction with a blanket and in the longitudinal direction with two, but circumferentially offset from each other arranged Drucktüchem.

By the DE 25 28 008 A is a six newspaper pages wide direct printing unit with a form cylinder, an impression cylinder and an inking unit known. On a same problem associated with the channel arrangement is pointed out for offset printing with form and transfer cylinder.

Also the DE 25 100 57 A1 discloses a printing machine with direct printing method, wherein the cooperating with a counter-pressure cylinder form cylinder carries six on its width and on its circumference two printing plates.

By the JP 56-021860 A is a printing unit with form, transfer and impression cylinder known, each of the three cylinders is driven by its own drive motor.

The DE 196 03 663 A1 shows a bridge printing unit, each with its own drive motor driven printing cylinder. The forme cylinders are each driven via a drive pinion associated with the drive motor, the transfer cylinders are driven by coaxially arranged stators and cylinder pins designed as rotors.

In the EP 06 99 524 A2 are individually driven form, transmission and impression cylinder, each with its own drive motor disclosed, each designed as rotors extensions of the cylinder pin act together with stators.

By the DE 34 09 194 A1 discloses a drive of a pair of cylinders, wherein a straight-toothed pinion of a drive motor drives on a straight-toothed gear of a transfer cylinder, which is driven by a helical toothing on a forme cylinder.

By the DE 197 55 316 C2 a drive of a printing unit is known, wherein two cooperating cylinders each have a drive motor and a transmission arranged between the drive motor and the respective cylinder.

The EP 1 037 747 B1 discloses a printing group with cylinders of the same size, each cylinder having its own frame-mounted drive motor. The rotor of these drive motors is for example directly, ie without translation, or via a transmission, for. B. integrated planetary gear, connected to the pins of the cylinder. Between the drive motors and the associated pin of the cylinder, a compensation clutch is arranged. Between the pins of the movable blanket cylinder and the respective associated drive motor, a double-jointed coupling is arranged rotationally fixed.

By the US 62 98 779 B1 is a drive of a printing unit known, wherein for the purpose of rotary drive a drive motor via a transmission more Distribution cylinder of an inking unit and a second drive motor via another gear drives a dampening drive cylinder. The gears are arranged between two frame walls.

The DE 44 30 693 A1 shows a printing unit with a color and a dampening unit, wherein the distribution cylinder of the ink cylinder can be driven either by means of a separate drive motor axially, or in one embodiment via a gear connection together by a drive motor. An axial stroke can be generated by linear motors on each of the distribution cylinders.

The invention has for its object to provide a printing unit of a printing press.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The achievable with the invention advantages are in particular that with the same number of printing units, a very high capacity, or with the same product size, a smaller number of printing units with a corresponding reduction of drive and control effort is created. At the same time a high rigidity is made possible and a high variability is generated.

In the arrangement of several blankets in the longitudinal direction of the transfer cylinder on the transfer cylinder, the slots or channels used to attach the ends of the blankets against each other in the circumferential direction of the transfer cylinder - in three rubber blankets preferably by 180 ° alternately - be arranged offset.

Advantageous in terms of flexibility in operation and trouble-free operation, it is the printing cylinder at least in pairs with its own drive motor equip.

The use of drive motors on each of the printing unit cylinders further increases flexibility and decouples the cylinders on the drive side.

Particularly advantageous is the arrangement and dimensioning of gears between all cylinders and the drive motors in terms of compliance with the optimum speed range for the drive motors. In particular, for changing different operating conditions, such as occur during setup and re-acceleration and stationary operation during printing, a reduction between the rotation of the motor shaft and the cylinder of z. B. 2: 1 to 10: 1, in particular between 2: 1 and 5: 1 of particular advantage (at speeds of cylinders double the circumference, that is, from about 850 to 1,000 mm, in particular from 900 to 940 mm). The engines run in a preferred range between 1,000 to 3,000 rpm, in particular between 1,500 and 2,500 rpm. These ranges are values for operation during production. Of course, these can be considerably lower for setup.

The use of designed as a planetary gear reduction is suitable in a particularly advantageous embodiment in terms of a compact space and a large range to be realized ratios.

In a likewise advantageous embodiment, it is provided to encapsulate each transmission for itself. This can be done in a structurally separate from the drive motor way, or even so that drive motor and transmission are combined to form a unit.

In a further development of the invention, the transmission of a purpose of adjusting the side register axially moving cylinder is designed so that the axial movement has no effect on the circumferential register, as for example in Helical gearing is usually the case. Also, no axially variable in length coupling or electronic readjustment of the circumferential register is required for this case.

Through the use of gear units with normal surface finish is, although to a limited extent, a pivoting movement, eg. B. for the purpose of turning on and off, without having to move the drive motor or without having to move the axes of a rotor and a frame-fixed stator against each other. The drive of each individual cylinder by means of its own drive motor allows the most diverse set-up and maintenance of the cylinder largely independently of each other and of any retracted printing material.

Of advantage is the execution of the axially mutually displaceable gear especially in connection with the individual encapsulation and the individually driven cylinders, since on the one hand over several components reaching oil space is avoided and can be saved for the second considerably in space.

The rotary drive of the cylinder takes place in an advantageous embodiment by means of their own, mechanically independent from the drive of each other cylinder drive motors, which are preferably arranged fixed to the frame. The latter has the advantage that the drive motors do not have to be moved.

To compensate for the pivoting movement of the transfer cylinder, the angle and offset compensating coupling is then arranged between the transfer cylinder and the drive motor, which is designed as a double joint or in an advantageous embodiment as an all-metal coupling. The all-metal coupling simultaneously compensates for the offset and the resulting change in length, the rotational movement is transmitted without play.

The drive of the forme cylinder has z. B. between the pin and drive motor, the at least one axial relative movement between the cylinder and the drive motor female coupling, which, in order to accommodate manufacturing tolerances and possibly required adjustment movements of the forme cylinder for adjustment purposes, at least slight angles and offset can be compensated. This is also carried out in an advantageous embodiment as an all-metal coupling, which receives the axial movement through the form-fitting in the axial direction with the pin or a shaft of the drive motor disk packs.

In an embodiment with individually or in pairs driven printing cylinders and additionally individually or in pairs driven rollers of a paint or dampening unit, z. B. Reibzylindem, the individual or pairwise encapsulation brings significant advantages in terms of effort and space on the drive side. The creation and sealing of an extended oil space between side walls of the printing press is no longer necessary.

In comparison to an axial rotary drive of the cylinders, rollers or distribution cylinders directly via a motor shaft, the drive via a gearbox on the one hand to meet the requirement for optimal speed ranges account. This is especially in the case of a paint or dampening unit with distribution cylinder in view of the "restless" and non-uniform load of great advantage.

A drive technology separation of the rotational and axial movement in the inking and / or dampening unit allows in an embodiment of the invention on the one hand an oil-free and thus cost-effective and environmentally friendly design. On the other hand, it offers procedurally increased flexibility. For example, in a start-up phase of the printing machine, inking or moistening of the inking unit or dampening unit can be carried out without a traversing movement. During printing, the frequency of traversing is independent of a speed of the Reibzylinders or Production speed adjustable, z. B. to keep constant under changing operating conditions. Thus, an optimal ratio between lateral movement and peripheral speed is adjustable without the need for adjustable gear and an oil chamber would be required.

The independence of the rotary drive of the cylinder and the inking, opens up the possibility of varying the peripheral speeds between the cylinders and / or the inking, and a high flexibility in the setup operation (temporally independent washing, printing form change, pre-inking, blanket wash, etc.) to achieve ,

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine Vorderansicht auf ein Doppeldruckwerk unter Verzicht auf die Darstellung des Farb- und des Feuchtwerkes für das rechte Zylinderpaar;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Zylinderanordnung gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Vorderansicht auf ein Dreizylinderdruckwerk;

Fig. 4

eine Vorderansicht auf ein Druckwerk mit einem Satellitenzylinder;

Fig. 5

eine Vorderansicht auf ein Druckwerk mit zwei Satellitenzylinder;

Fig. 6

eine Vorderansicht auf ein Y-Druckwerk mit einem durch ein zusätzliches Zylinderpaar erweiterten Doppeldruckwerk;

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung einer vier Druckwerke aufweisenden Druckeinheit in "Gummi-gegen-Gummi" Ausführung;

Fig. 8

eine schematische Darstellung einer vier Druckwerke aufweisenden Druckeinheit in der Ausführung einer "Satellitendruckeinheit";

Fig. 9

eine Seitenansicht für die Antriebe aus Fig. 7;

Fig. 10

eine Seitenansicht für die Antriebe aus Fig. 8;

Fig. 11

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für den Antrieb eines Druckwerks unter Verwendung von Umlaufgetrieben (symbolisch dargestellt);

Fig. 12

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für den Antrieb eines Druckwerks unter Verwendung von Standgetrieben mit Außenverzahnung;

Fig. 13

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel für den Antrieb eines Druckwerks unter Verwendung von innenverzahnten Standgetrieben;

Fig. 14

ein Doppeldruckwerk mit einzeln angetriebenen Zylindern;

Fig. 15

eine Belegung des Formzylinders mit zwölf Zeitungsseiten;

Fig.

16 eine Belegung des Formzylinders mit vierundzwanzig Tabloidseiten;

Fig. 17

eine Belegung des Formzylinders mit achtundvierzig stehenden Seiten im Buchformat;

Fig. 18

eine Belegung des Formzylinders mit achtundvierzig liegenden Seiten im Buchformat.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a front view of a double printing unit waiving the representation of the inking and dampening for the right cylinder pair;

Fig. 2

a plan view of the cylinder assembly according to Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a front view of a three-cylinder printing unit;

Fig. 4

a front view of a printing unit with a satellite cylinder;

Fig. 5

a front view of a printing unit with two satellite cylinders;

Fig. 6

a front view of a Y-printing unit with an expanded by an additional pair of cylinders double printing;

Fig. 7

a schematic representation of a four printing units having printing unit in "rubber-against-rubber"design;

Fig. 8

a schematic representation of a four printing units having printing unit in the execution of a "satellite printing unit";

Fig. 9

a side view of the drives Fig. 7 ;

Fig. 10

a side view of the drives Fig. 8 ;

Fig. 11

a first embodiment for the drive of a printing unit using planetary gears (shown symbolically);

Fig. 12

a second embodiment for driving a printing unit using stationary gears with external teeth;

Fig. 13

a third embodiment of the drive of a printing unit using internally toothed stationary transmissions;

Fig. 14

a double printing unit with individually driven cylinders;

Fig. 15

an assignment of the forme cylinder with twelve newspaper pages;

FIG.

Fig. 16 shows an occupancy of the forme cylinder with twenty-four tabloid sides;

Fig. 17

an occupancy of the forme cylinder with forty-eight standing pages in book format;

Fig. 18

an assignment of the forme cylinder with forty eight pages in book format.

A printing press, in particular a rotary printing press, has at least one printing unit 01, by means of which ink from an inking unit 02 via at least one formed as a cylinder 03 rotational body 03, z. B. a forme cylinder 03, on a substrate 04, z. B. a printing material 04, short web 04, can be applied. In the present example, an embodiment of the printing unit for double-sided rubber-to-rubber printing ( Fig. 1 ), the printing unit 01 is executed as an offset printing unit 01 for the wet offset and additionally has a dampening unit 06 and another designed as a cylinder 07 rotating body 07, a so-called. Transfer cylinder 07, on. The transfer cylinder 07 forms a pressure point with an abutment-forming impression cylinder 07. In the example of Fig. 1 the printing cylinder is designed as a transfer cylinder 07 of a second printing unit 01, wherein the two cooperating printing units 01 in this embodiment form a so-called double printing unit for the two-sided printing. The same parts are given the same reference numerals, as far as they are not necessary for differentiation. However, a difference in the spatial position may exist and, in the case of the assignment of the same reference numbers, is generally disregarded.

The forme cylinder 03 has a circumference U z. B. between 850 and 1,000 mm, in particular from 900 to 940 mm. The scope is z. B. suitable for receiving two stationary printed pages in broadsheet format by means of a aufgestbaren in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 03 flexible pressure plate 05 whose arranged at both ends, curved edges each in a longitudinally parallel to the circumference slit inserted and possibly in this addition by means of spring force , Pressure medium or an effective during operation centrifugal force operable means can be fixed. The slots have on the lateral surface in the circumferential direction z. B. a width of less than or equal to 3 mm. The slots for in the axial direction juxtaposed printing plates are in an advantageous embodiment in each case in alignment, z. B. as a continuous slot, arranged. But they can also be arranged offset in the circumferential direction to each other. Conveniently, the slot in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 03 leading edge of the pressure plate 05 is inclined with its opening on the circumference in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 03.

The length of the bale of the forme cylinder 03 is z. B. 1,850 to 2,400 mm, in particular 1,900 to 2,300 mm and is in the axial direction for receiving z. B. dimensioned at least six juxtaposed standing printed pages in broadsheet format (see Fig. 2 right). Among other things, it depends on the nature of the product to be produced, whether in each case only one pressure side or several pressure sides in the axial direction are arranged side by side on a pressure plate 05. The printing plates 05 are easily mounted in the circumferential direction on the forme cylinder 03 and in the in Fig. 2 shown embodiment as each equipped with in the axial direction of a printed page single printing plate individually.

The transfer cylinder 07 also has a circumference z. B. between 850 and 1,000 mm, in particular from 900 to 940 mm, and is in the longitudinal direction next to each other z. B. occupied with three blankets 10. The ends of the blankets 10 can not be stretched and fastened in an axis-parallel, open at the periphery of the transfer cylinder 07 channel. In Fig. 1 and 2 however, the blankets 10 are each on a support plate, not shown, for. B. metal plate, attached, the rubber Mituch 10 protruding ends are each equipped with a curved edge, which are analogous to the pressure plate 05 in an axially parallel slot on the circumference of the transfer cylinder 07 plugged in and optionally additionally fixed against slipping out in this. The slots have on the lateral surface in the circumferential direction z. B. a width of less than or equal to 3 mm. The blankets 10 each extend to almost the entire circumference of the transfer cylinder 07. The slots for the blankets 10, the vibration behavior of the printing unit in the case of operation favorably influencing, alternately z. B. offset by 180 ° to each other, being in Fig. 1 only the slot for the front blanket 10 is visible. There are advantageously three slots in the longitudinal direction of the transfer cylinder 07 arranged side by side, of which at least two circumferentially offset from each other, however.

A ratio of a length of the cylinders 03; 07 to the diameter is 5.8 to 8.8, especially 6.3 to 8.0. The length of bales of cylinders 03; 07 lies here as for the forme cylinder 03 mentioned above between 1,850 mm and 2,400 mm, in particular between 1,900 mm and 2,300 mm, while the diameter z. B. from 260.bis 340 mm, in particular from 280 to 300 mm.

The also as a printing cylinder 03; 07 designated cylinder 03; 07 have in an advantageous embodiment, at least in pairs per printing unit 01 (example in Fig. 8 represented) on one of further printing units 01 independent drive motor 08. This can on one of the two printing cylinder 03; 07 drive directly or via a gear (pinion, timing belt) and from there to the other, or parallel to both printing cylinder 03; 07. In this embodiment favors z. B. a gearless drive the oil-free drive or a closed, z. B. encapsulated transmission for only the two mutually associated printing cylinder 03; 07 the saving of an oil space between frame walls.

In an advantageous because even more flexible, and especially suitable for an oil-free drive embodiment, each of the printing cylinder 03; 07 own drive motor 08, which again axially z. B. via a gear 09 or laterally offset via a transmission (pinion, timing belt) on the respective printing cylinder 03; 07 drives ( Fig. 1 ).

In addition to the described for four juxtaposed printed pages designed variant of a printing unit according to the invention and printing units can be realized, which in Longitudinal with more than six standing print pages in broadsheet format equipped cylinder have.

The drive motors 08 are advantageously designed as electric motors, in particular as asynchronous motors, synchronous motors or DC motors.

Contrary to the representation, it is also possible to operate such a printing unit in dry offset or with a wet liquid containing as a color additive.

Instead of finite blankets, it is also possible to perform the transfer cylinder without slot for axially slidable on the periphery by means of an air cushion rubber blanket sleeve. For this purpose, however, the transfer cylinder for a change of the blanket sleeve on one side of its storage in the machine frame must be freed.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a three-cylinder printing unit with one consisting of a transfer cylinder 07 and a forme cylinder 03, too Fig. 2 identically shaped cylinder pair, the transfer cylinder 07 cooperates with a printing cylinder 07 in the same size as an impression cylinder 07 a vertically passing between two cylinders printing material 04 occupying one side with color occupying.

The drive is done in a similar way to Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 4 shows a pressure cylinder 28 in the form of a satellite cylinder 28, which cooperates with the transfer cylinder 07 of each of a forme cylinder 03 and a transfer cylinder 07 existing pairs of cylinders, a satellite cylinder 28 wrapped around the printing substrate 04 in four pressure points in succession on the same page, each with a color becomes.

The drive of each cylinder 03; 07; 28 takes place, for example, again by means of a respective drive motor 08; 29 via a respective gear 09; 31. In another embodiment, not shown, the forming and transfer cylinders 03; 07 but also in pairs of a common drive motor 08; be driven.

In Fig. 5 operate two printing cylinders each in the form of a satellite cylinder 28 each with two transfer cylinders 07 each consisting of a forme cylinder 03 and a transfer cylinder 07 cylinder pair together, one the two satellite cylinder 28 in a row wrapping substrate 04 at two pressure points per satellite cylinder 28 each on the same side in a row is occupied by a color.

Again, the drive of each cylinder 03; 07; 28 by means of their own drive motor 08; 29 via a gear 09; 31. The satellite cylinder 28 may optionally (shown in phantom) also be driven together by a drive motor 29.

Fig. 6 indicates one Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 analog designed double printing, which is extended by a cylinder from a transfer cylinder 07 and a forme cylinder 03 to a Y-printing unit, wherein the transfer cylinder 07 with the stationary mounted in the machine frame transfer cylinder 07 of the double printing a printing substrate 04 on one side additionally occupying a color working together

The drive is z. As in the o.g. Versions.

As in Fig. 7 schematically illustrated for the upper two printing units 01, the inking units 02 each have a plurality of rollers 11; 12; 13; 14, of which in the figures, the application rollers 11, the transfer roller 13, and the distribution cylinders 12 and 14th are named. The transport of the ink from a supply system or a supply to the distribution cylinder 14 can take place in different ways. The two distribution cylinders 12; 14 of the inking unit 02 rotate body 12; 14, which are rotatable about their longitudinal axis, but are mounted movably in the axial direction relative to the cooperating rollers. In the embodiment, the distribution cylinders 12; 14 via a gear 16 preferably together by means of a drive from the printing cylinder 03; 07 independent, common drive motor 17 rotationally driven. If necessary, they can also be driven in rotation individually via a respective gear 16 and a separate drive motor 17. From another by the drive of the printing cylinder 03; 07 independent drive means 18, z. B. a drive motor 18 ( Fig. 9 ) They are about another gear 19, z. B. via a crank mechanism 19, preferably together in the axial direction of the distribution cylinder 12; 14 moves, ie they exert an iridescent motion to a, preferably adjustable, stroke of an Amplitute. Are several distribution cylinders 12; 14 together via a gear 19 axially driven, so in an advantageous embodiment phase and / or stroke of the traversing movement of each individual jointly axially driven distribution cylinder 12; 14 independently adjustable. The axial drives are in Fig. 7 not shown. Reference numerals have been given only for the "right half" of the printing unit, since the left side corresponds to the right mirrored.

It may instead of or in addition to the friction cylinders 12; 14 also other rollers 11; 13 etc. of the inking unit 02 individually or jointly rotationally driven by a gear 16.

Also, the dampening unit 06 has in the present embodiment, the upper printing units 01 a plurality of rollers 20; 21; 22; 25 at least one applicator roller 20, two distribution cylinders 21; 22 and a transfer roller 25. Again, for example, the distribution cylinder 21; 22 via a gear 23 by means of a common Drive motor 24 rotationally and via a gear 26 by means of a common drive means 27, for. B. a drive motor 27, movable in the axial direction. It may instead of or in addition to the Reibzylindem 21; 22 also other rollers 20; 25; etc. of the dampening unit 06 individually or jointly rotationally driven by a gear 23.

At least one of two co-operating transfer cylinder 07 is, for example, by means of a symbolically shown eccentric from the other transfer cylinder 07 and depending on the leadership of the web 04 at the same time off this. However, it is also possible for both jointly acting transfer cylinders 07 to be pivotably mounted.

In an advantageous development, the transfer cylinders 07 are so far away from each other, that the web 04 can be guided without contact between them during production. Thus, in the so-called. Imprinterbetrieb once the transfer cylinder 07 of the upper printing unit 01 be employed for printing, while a setup in the rear printing unit 01 takes place, and vice versa.

It is also possible to mount the forme cylinder 03 in such a way that, during the imprinter operation, a guide of the web 04 is maintained by the transfer cylinder 07, while the forme-shaped forme cylinder 03 is equipped with a new printing forme 05.

In Fig. 8 an embodiment of an embodiment of the printing unit is shown as a satellite printing unit. The transfer cylinder 07 of the printing unit 01 forms a pressure point with a rotating body 28 designed as a satellite cylinder 28. The satellite cylinder 28 is again driven by a separate drive motor 29 via a gear 31 individually rotatory. In a non-illustrated embodiment, the satellite printing unit has two such satellite cylinder 28, which each individually, or but also together by a common drive motor 29 via the gear 31 are driven. The axial drives are in Fig. 8 not shown.

Exemplary is in Fig. 8 also the pairwise drive of the printing cylinder 03; 07 shown on a drive wheel of the forme cylinder 03 driving pinion as part of the transmission 09. From the drive wheel of the forme cylinder 03 can then be driven off to a drive wheel of the transfer cylinder 07. This can by means of gear connection as part of, z. B. encapsulated, gear 09 or via belts. However, the drive can also be done on the transfer cylinder 07 and from there on the forme cylinder 03 ..

In the Fig. 7 and 8th On the basis of the upper printing units 01 described embodiment is to be transferred to the lower printing units 01 and vice versa. Exemplary are in Fig. 7 and 8th in the lower printing units 01, however, ink 02 and dampeners 06 each having only one distribution cylinder 12; 21 shown. These are in an advantageous embodiment in each case by means of the drive motor 17; 24 via the gear 16; 23 rotatory (shown), and by means of the drive motor 18; 27 via the transmission 19; 26 in the axial direction (not shown) driven.

Fig. 9 and 10 put the in Fig. 7 and 8th shown embodiments in a vertical section, but with the representation of the rollers 11; 13 was waived. Likewise, the dampening units 06 (if available) are not visible in this illustration. For the dampening 06, however, the corresponding to the inking units 02 is applicable. For this reason, the reference numerals for the distribution cylinders 21; 22, for the gear 23; 26 and the drive motors 24; 27 in Fig. 9 and 10 put in parenthesis to the reference numerals of the inking units 02.

In Fig. 9 have two rollers 11; 12; 13; 14, here the distribution cylinder 12; 14, the upper inking unit 02 on the common drive motor 17. The transmission 16, z. B. a Gear train 16, is executed in this execution completed against its environment. For this purpose, this is only the two Reibzylindem 12; Assigned 14 gear 16 arranged in a only this gear 16 associated housing 32. This housing 32 may, for example, have an open side, which together with a side frame 33 forms a closed, encapsulated space 37. The exemplary only a driven roller 11; 12; 13; 14, z. B. a distribution cylinder 12 having lower inking unit 02 also has only this roller 11; 12; 13; 14, z. B to the one distribution cylinder 12, associated with housing 32, which together with the side frame 33 forms a gear 16, encapsulated space 37.

The drive motor 18 and the gear 19 for the axial movement are arranged for example on another side of the machine.

The printing cylinder 03; 07 all have their own drive motor 08 and in this embodiment only the respective gear 09 receiving housing 34.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 10 points in contrast to Fig. 9 the printing unit on or the satellite cylinder 28, which or which is driven by its own or a common drive motor 29 via the gear 31 or be. Also, this or this is associated with a separate housing 36 in this embodiment, which receives the transmission 31 and encapsulated to the outside.

The two printing cylinders 03; 07 have in this example in pairs the common drive motor 08 and the respective gear 09 receiving housing 34.

Based Fig. 10 was shown in the lower part of an embodiment for driving a printing unit, which rotatably driven by means of the drive motor 17 via the encapsulated gear 16, provided with wells in the surface roller 41, z. As grid or Aniloxwalze 41, has. The anilox roller 41 gives the color z. B. from one or two applicator rollers 11, not shown. It does not perform any axial, iridescent movement.

The gear 09; 16; 23; 31 are thus as individually encapsulated gear 09; 16; 23; 31 executed, which several cylinders 03, 07; 28 or rollers 12, 14; 21, 22 of a same assembly or a single cylinder 03; 07; 28 or a single roller 12; 14; 21; 22; 41 are assigned. As an assembly here z. B. the pair of printing cylinders 03, 07, the rollers 11, 12; 13, 14, in particular the distribution cylinders 12, 14 of the inking unit 02, and the rollers 20, 21; 22, 25, in particular the distribution cylinder 21; 22 of the dampening system 06 to understand.

The gear 09; 16; 31 are through the respective housing 32; 34; 36 in a closed, spatially confined space 37; 38; 39 arranged, in which lubricant such. B. oil may be present without this from the room 37; 38; 39 can escape and without the need for a multi-walled side frame.

Particularly advantageous, especially with a single drive of a roller 11; 12; 13; 14; 20; 21; 22; 25; 41, a friction cylinder 12; 14; 21; 22, a printing cylinder 03; 07 or a satellite cylinder 28, is the arrangement of a drive motor 17; 24; 29 with an attached or flanged on the drive motor and individually encapsulated gear 09; 16; 23; 31, such as a sealed recirculating or reduction gearbox.

In an advantageous embodiment, all gear 09; 16; 23; 31 or at least the transmission of the color 02 and / or dampening 06 as a reduction gear 16; 23 executed. The gear 16; 23 for the pairwise drive of two distribution cylinders 12, 14; 21, 22 are preferably formed so that the two distribution cylinders 12, 14; 21, 22 have the same direction of rotation, ie when trained as Zahnradzug between drive wheels of both distribution cylinders 12, 14; 21, 22 an intermediate wheel is arranged. The drive by means of the drive motor 17; 24 can then take place on one of the drive wheels or on the intermediate wheel. The gear 09; 16; 23; 31 can also be a traction mechanism, z. B. a belt drive, in particular a toothed belt, or in an advantageous embodiment, one or more of the gear 09; 16; 23; 31 be designed as a traction mechanism with traction means, in particular with toothed belt. Z. b. a transmission 09; 16; 23; 31, z. B. for driving one or more of the distribution cylinders 12, 14; 21, 22, be designed as a belt drive with toothed belt.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmission 16; 23 of the iridescent distribution cylinders 12, 14; 21, 22 formed so that the rotary drive motor 17; 24 can be arranged fixed to the frame. This is for example via a straight toothing or by an o. G. Belt drive with an axially movable drive wheel or a wide drive wheel possible, on which the belt, z. B. a toothed belt, upon movement of the distribution cylinder 12, 14; 21, 22 can spiral.

The axial drive or its axial movement on the distribution cylinder 12, 14; 21, 22 transmitting or deforming gear 19; 26 is not in a lubricant or oil chamber in an advantageous embodiment. If a lubricant is required, the gear 19; 26 at least as an outwardly closed, encapsulated transmission 19; 26 executed, which only that of this transmission 19; 26 driving drive motor 18; 27 is assigned. In Fig. 10 is exemplified for this purpose, a housing 42 shown by dashed lines. Also, one or more distribution cylinders 12, 14; 21, 22 axially driving gear 19; 26 may have a traction mechanism, in particular a toothed belt, or be designed as such.

In the case of the axial drive by means of the drive motor 18; 27 is the gear 19 which converts the rotary motion into an axial stroke; 26 outside a bale of the distribution cylinder 12, 14; 21, 22, but not in an extended one common oil or Schmiemittelraum together with gears other assemblies, such. B. an adjacent paint or dampening 02; 06 or a printing cylinder 03; 07, arranged The drive motor 18; 27 itself, however, a specially encapsulated, not shown gear, z. B. have a reduction and / or an angular gear. The transforming and / or reducing gear 19; In this embodiment, for example, 26 is embodied as a crank mechanism having an eccentric, as a stop running in a curved groove or in another way

In a development of the axial drive is not by means of the drive motor 18; 27 running drive means 18; 27 but z. B. by means of a pressure medium acted upon piston or magnetic force. In this case, z. B. a coupling the transmitting or transforming gear 19; 26 dar. These drive variants are, for example, together with the individually encapsulated rotary drive advantage.

The variants shown in the embodiments for the individual or paired rotary drives and the associated gear 09; 16; 23; 31 and the individual or pairwise axial drives and their associated gear 19; 27 are in the above "and" below "shown printing units 01 of FIGS. 7 to 10 each shown by way of example for the purpose of a rational representation. In particular, a printing unit may have four printing units 01, all of which have an inking unit 02, each with two friction cylinders 12; 14 and a dampening unit 06 each having a distribution cylinder 21. It can also all inking units 02 instead of the driven distribution cylinder 12; 14 have the driven anilox roller 41. Also for the combination of the drives of the cylinder 03; 07; 28 with those of the inking or dampening 02; 06 are the versions of the FIGS. 7 and 9 according to the explanations FIG. 8 and 10 to transfer and vice versa. So z. B. all cylinders 03; 07; (28) and all rollers (11) to be driven; 12; (13); 14; (20); 21; 22; (25); 41, depending on the design, a separate rotary drive motor 08; 17; 24; (29) via a respective individually encapsulated gear 09; 16; 23; (31). Also the differently presented and above mentioned variants for the axial drive are additionally mutually applicable to the various printing units 01.

Thus, for example, the printing unit having four printing units 01, the printing cylinder 03; 07 is rotationally driven in each case by means of its own drive motor 08 via its own encapsulated gear 09, while the inking and dampening unit 02; 06 each two distribution cylinders 12, 14; 21, 22, which in pairs by means of a common drive means 17; 24 via an enclosed gear 16; 23 rotatory, and in pairs by means of a common drive means 18; 27 via a transmission 19; 26 is axially driven

For a printing unit, a same embodiment is preferably selected for the configuration of all the printing units 01 forming the printing unit. The choice of design depends on the degree of flexibility desired, the cost and choice of ink 02 or dampening unit 06 (one or two distribution cylinders 12, 14, 21, 22, short inking unit with anilox roller 41, etc.).

In the following embodiments ( Fig. 11 to Fig. 13 ) are advantageous embodiments for the above individual drive the cylinder 03; 07; 28 is shown

The forme cylinder 03 is the front side via the gear 09 with the drive motor 08 for the rotary drive in operative connection.

Also designed as a transfer cylinder 07 second cylinder 07 is the front side via the gear 09 with a drive motor 08 for the rotary drive in operative connection.

The second cylinder 07 can also be used as a counter-pressure cylinder 07 for direct printing processes be executed, between form and impression cylinders 03, 07 a pressure point is formed.

The two cylinders 03; 07 are not in positive drive connection with each other and are mechanically independent of each other driven by the respective drive motor 08 via the respective gear 09.

In a print-on position of the transfer cylinder 07 acts on the printing substrate 04, with the third cylinder 28 designed as a counter-pressure cylinder 28 together. The third cylinder 28 can be used in the case of a double printing unit ( Fig. 1 . 2 . 6 . 7 . 9 ) be executed for the simultaneous perfecting in the "rubber-against-rubber" principle as a transfer cylinder 07, which cooperates with the other, not shown forme cylinder 03. In the embodiment ( Fig. 11 ), the third cylinder 28 is designed as a satellite cylinder 28, which on its circumference with further, the cylinder pair 03; 07 corresponding cylinder pairs can act together.

The third cylinder 28 is without a mechanical drive connection (apart from the friction gear, which form the rolling cylinders 03; 07) to the first two cylinders 03; 07 drivable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the third cylinder 28 is also operatively connected via the gear 31 to the own drive motor 29 for the rotary drive.

In a further development of the invention, at least the forme cylinder 03 for adjusting the side register along its axial direction by up to an amount .DELTA.L designed to be movable, and preferably by a zero position in both directions. This amount ΔL is preferably between 0 and ± 4 mm, in particular between 0 and ± 2.5 mm. This is done by means of a drive device, not shown, preferably arranged on the side opposite the rotary drive side of the cylinder 03.

The gear 09; 31, in particular the gear 09 of the forme cylinder 03, has at least one pair of positively cooperating members with normal surface closure, which in principle in different ways, for. B. can be realized as a traction mechanism or gear transmission. Advantageous embodiments are based on the following embodiments ( Fig. 11 to 13 ).

In the embodiment according to Fig. 11 are the gear 09; 31 as a gear 09; 31 with coaxial axis position, z. B. as planetary gear in particular a planetary gear 09; 31 executed (in the Fig. 11 not detailed, but only symbolically represented). The axles of the gear 09; 31 and the shafts of the drive motors 08; 29 are each coaxial with the axis of rotation of the cylinder 03; 07; 28 arranged. The compact design by means of gears 09; 31 with coaxial axial position, in particular the planetary gear 09; 31 allows a very space-saving arrangement. The large range of possible over- or reduction ratios in such transmissions 09; 31 allows the use of drive motors 08; 29 small drive power while ensuring optimal speed ranges. In conjunction with each specially driven cylinder 03; 07; 28 are drive motors 08; 29 same drive power used.

The planetary gear 09; 31 can also with the drive motors 08; 29 form a unit and be connected directly to these.

In an advantageous embodiment, each gear 09; 31 by itself through the cover 34; 36 encapsulated (indicated by dashed lines in the figures) performed so that neither penetrate contamination inside, nor possibly in the interior of existing lubricant, in particular low-viscosity lubricant such. As oil, can escape to the outside of the lubricant space thus formed. The individual encapsulation has great advantages in terms of maintenance, replacement of individual components and the compact design of the drive system. Especially in connection with the straight toothing, which is designed to be axially movable relative to each other, the encapsulation and the lubricant at the same time allows the low-friction operation of the gear connection and low wear during axial movement.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 12 are the gear 09; 31 as a gear 09; 31 with parallel axis position, in particular as a gearbox 09; 31 executed with fixed axes. One on the journal of the respective cylinder 03; 07; 28 rotatably arranged gear 43 meshes with a second gear 44, z. B. a pinion 44 which rotatably with a shaft of the drive motor 08; 29 is connected. The gear 09; 31 may also have a larger gear chain or other, different gear parts. The gears 43; 44, in particular in the case of the transfer and the impression cylinder 07; 28 associated gears 43; 44 be executed obliquely interlocked for the purpose of higher load capacity. In the event that the adjustment of the side register next to the forme cylinder 03 itself also gear 09 and drive motor 08 of the forme cylinder 03 are moved, or that in the case of frame-fixed drive motor 08 and pinion precautions for the correction of the circumferential register are made in adjusting the page register , also the gears 43; 44 be executed obliquely interlocked on the forme cylinder 03.

The gear 09; 31 according to the embodiment according to Fig. 12 can also be designed as a form-fitting belt drive in a variant, not shown, or have such.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 13 are the gear 09; 31 as in the second embodiment as a gear train 09; 31 with fixed axes, but an internal toothing on the cylinder 03; 07; 28 connected gear 43 running executed. Between this gear 43 and the pinion 44 of the drive motor 08; 29, one or more gears 46, comparable to the planetary wheels of a Be arranged planetary gear, which or which, however, have a frame-fixed axis of rotation. Despite the possibility of a high reduction ratio, the gear 09; 31 as a gear 09; 31 may be formed with a coaxial axle position.

In a variant of the embodiment according to Fig. 13 the gear 46 can also be omitted, the axes of the drive motor 08; 29 and the respective cylinder 03; 07; 28 may be parallel and not coaxial in this case.

Particularly advantageous for all of the aforementioned embodiments, the frame-fixed arrangement of the drive motors 08; 29 and the drive motor 08; 29 associated part of the transmission 09; 39 and the transmission housing or the cover 34; 36th

In the embodiments according to Fig. 11 to 13 is in an advantageous embodiment, at least a pair of cooperating members of the forme cylinder 03 associated gear 09 running straight teeth and allows a relative movement of the two members to each other in the axial direction. In the embodiment according to Fig. 11 Such a pair of links may not be in Fig. 11 designated sun gear and one or more planet gears, in the embodiment according to Fig. 12 the pinion 44 and the gear 43, and in the embodiment according to Fig. 13 the gear 46 and one of the gears 43 or 44 be.

With respect to an axial movement of the forme cylinder 03 relative to each movable members of the forme cylinder 03 associated gear 09 are dimensioned so that in any permitted for operation position of the forme cylinder 03, the maximum load of the positive connection of the mutually movable members, z. B. the teeth, with respect to wear and breakage is exceeded.

For example, as in Fig. 11 to 13 indicated, at least one of Gears in the planetary gear 09, at least one of the gears 43; 44; the gear train 09 from the second embodiment, or at least one of the gears 43; 44 or possibly 46 of the gear train 09 from the third embodiment widened in the axial direction. The width is chosen so that with axial displacement of the forme cylinder 03 by an amount ± .DELTA.L sufficient coverage of the teeth is ensured. The forme cylinder 03 can thus be moved axially without the drive motor 08 and a housing of the transmission 09 also having to be moved.

For installation and maintenance of the drive motor 08; 29 is, with the exception of the embodiment, in which drive motor 08; 29 and gear 09; 31 form a connected assembly, in each case between the drive motor 08; 29 and gear 09; 31 a non-switchable, but releasable coupling (not shown) providable. When arranging such assemblies, it is advantageous, a non-switchable, but releasable coupling (not shown) between the gear 09; 31 and cylinder 03; 07; 28 to arrange.

It is in a variant to the FIGS. 7 to 10 possible to abort from the forme cylinder 03 on one or more rollers of the forme cylinder 03 associated color 02 and possibly dampening 06. This can be done for example via a gear train, z. B. via an unillustrated, connected to the forme cylinder 03 gear.

However, it is advantageous in terms of as trouble-free and feedback-free drive of the printing unit as in the FIGS. 7 to 10 shown when the rollers or the roller of the only schematically indicated inking unit 02 are driven or is, as in Fig. 12 by way of example also for the exemplary embodiments Fig. 11 and 13 is shown. Again, the individual encapsulation of great advantage in terms of accessibility and contamination of the printing press. The same applies to any existing dampening unit 06. Inking unit and dampening roller or cylinder However, if necessary, they can also be driven jointly by a drive motor.

Is a distribution cylinder 12; 21 by the drive motor 17; 24 via the gear 16; 23 driven, this is to be carried out in an advantageous manner corresponding to that of the forme cylinder 03, so that the axial traversing movement without effect on the position remains in the circumferential direction.

On the transfer cylinder 07 can in an advantageous embodiment ( Fig. 14 ) in frame-fixed drive motor 08 between transfer cylinder 07 and drive motor 08 an angle and offset compensating coupling 47 may be arranged to the arrival and Abstellbewegung of the transfer cylinder 03; 07 balance. This can be designed as a double joint or in an advantageous embodiment as all-metal coupling 47 with two torsionally rigid but axially deformable plate packs. The all-metal coupling 47 can simultaneously compensate for the offset and the change in length caused thereby. It is essential that the rotational movement is transmitted without play.

In the case of the coaxial drive of the forme cylinder 03 with a drive motor 08 fixed to the frame, the drive of the forme cylinder 03 between the pin and the drive motor 08 can have a coupling 48 which receives at least one axial relative movement between the cylinder 03 and the drive motor 08 for adjusting the side register. To accommodate also manufacturing tolerances and possibly required movements of the forme cylinder 03 for adjustment purposes, the coupling 48 is designed as at least slight angle and offset compensating coupling 48. This is also carried out in an advantageous embodiment as all-metal coupling 48 with two torsionally rigid but axially deformable plate packs. The linear movement is absorbed by the plate packs connected in a form-fitting manner in the axial direction with the journal of the forme cylinder 03 or a shaft of the output from the gearbox 09 or the drive motor 08.

The forme cylinder 03 is as in Fig. 15 shown in the circumferential direction with two and in the longitudinal direction with at least six standing printed pages in the broadsheet format equippable. Alternatively, this forme cylinder 03 is also optionally in the circumferential direction with four and in the longitudinal direction with at least six lying printed pages in tabloid format ( Fig. 16 ) or in the circumferential direction with four and in the longitudinal direction with at least twelve stationary printed pages in book format ( Fig. 17 ) or in the circumferential direction with eight and in the longitudinal direction with at least six lying printed pages in book format ( Fig. 18 ) by means of in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 03 each one and its longitudinal direction at least one can be fitted on this, flexible pressure plate.

The execution of the cylinder 03; 07 "three times wide", d. H. with an above-mentioned length, in contrast to double-circumference and double-width printing machines, alternatively allows a higher number of printable pages with the same number of printing units, or a reduction of printing units with the same number of pages, which significantly reduces the effort.

Thus, a printing machine for the printing of a product of 96 four-color pages in collective production, ie, the two circumferentially successively arranged on the forme printing plates represent different sides, advantageous, with a total of only 32 pressure points are provided. These are in an advantageous embodiment in each case according to the Fig. 4 . 8th or 10 arranged in groups of four in so-called nine-cylinder or satellite printing units around a common satellite cylinder 28. Two such satellite printing units each form a turret by these two satellite printing units are arranged one above the other. Thus, said printing machine has four such printing towers, which are arranged, for example, symmetrically on both sides of a common folder construction with folding apparatus. The folder is operable for this production in collective operation. The printing press is, if the output of copies should be increased without Collect to a product of 48 pages suitable.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

Printing unit, offset printing unit

02

inking

03

Cylinder, rotary body, forme cylinder, printing cylinder

04

Substrate, substrate web, web

05

printing plate

06

dampening

07

Cylinder, rotary body, transfer cylinder, impression cylinder, printing cylinder

08

drive motor

09

transmission

10

blanket

11

Roller, applicator roller

12

Roller, distribution cylinder

13

Roller, transfer roller

14

Roller, distribution cylinder

15

-

16

transmission

17

drive motor

18

Drive means, drive motor

19

transmission

20

Roller, applicator roller

21

Roller, distribution cylinder

22

Roller, distribution cylinder

23

transmission

24

drive motor

25

Roller, transfer roller

26

transmission

27

drive motor

28

Printing cylinder, satellite cylinder

29

drive motor

30

-

31

transmission

32

casing

33

side frame

34

Housing, cover

35

-

36

casing

37

room

38

room

39

room

40

-

41

Roller, anilox roller, anilox roller

42

casing

43

gear

44

Gear, second, pinion

45

-

46

gear

47

clutch

48

clutch

.DELTA.L

Amount of axial movement (03)

Claims (18)

1. Printing unit of a printing press comprising at least two cylinders (03; 07) which have, in the region of their body in the axial direction, a length which substantially corresponds to six widths of a newspaper page in broadsheet format, and comprising an inking unit (02), characterized in that in each case a drive motor (08) mechanically independent of the other cylinder (03; 07) and intended for rotational driving is coordinated with the first cylinder (03; 07) in the form of forme cylinder (03) and with the second cylinder (03; 07) in the form of transfer cylinder (07), in that a gear (09; 31) mechanically independent of another drive motor (29; 08; 17; 24), self-contained and spatially separated from a further gear (09; 16; 31) and in the form of a reduction gear is arranged between drive motor (08; 29) and coordinated cylinder (03; 07; 28), in that the inking unit (02) is rotationally driven by a drive motor (17) mechanically independent of the driving of the cylinders (03; 07), in that a gear (16) mechanically independent of another drive motor (08; 17; 24; 29), self-contained and spatially separated from a further gear (09; 16; 31) is arranged between the drive motor (17) of the inking unit and one or two distribution rollers (12; 14) of the inking unit (02).
2. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the printing unit has a cylinder (28) which is in the form of a counter pressure cylinder (28) and is driven mechanically independently by a separate drive motor (29).
3. Printing unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive motor (08; 29) of the cylinder (03; 07; 28) is arranged fixed to the frame.
4. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the gear (09; 16; 31) is in the form of a gear (09; 16; 31) having a normal surface contact.
5. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the drive connection between the cylinder (03) in the form of a forme cylinder (03; 07) and coordinated drive motor (08) is designed so as to take up a relative movement between forme cylinder (03) and the drive motor (08).
6. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that a coupling (47) compensating an angle and/or offset is arranged between drive motor (08) and the cylinder (07) in the form of a transfer cylinder (07).
7. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (03) in the form of a forme cylinder (03) has a circumference for two portrait or landscape printed pages.
8. Printing unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body of the cylinder (02; 07; 28) has a ratio of its length to its diameter of from 5.8 to 8.8, in particular from 6.3 to 8.0.
9. Printing unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body of the cylinder (03; 07) has a length of 1850 mm to 2400 mm, in particular of 1900 mm to 2300 mm.
10. Printing unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body of the cylinder (03; 07) has a diameter of 260 to 340 mm, in particular of 280 to 300 mm.
11. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inking unit (02) has two rollers (11; 12; 13; 14) which can be driven together by means of the drive motor (17) via a self-contained gear (16).
12. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inking unit (02) has two rollers (11; 12; 13; 14) which can each be driven by means of a separate drive motor (17) via in each case a self-contained gear (16).
13. Printing unit according to Claim 2, characterized in that the printing unit (01) has a damping unit (06) which has at least one roller (20; 21; 22; 25) and can be driven mechanically independently of the driving of the forme cylinder (03) and of the driving of the inking unit (02) by a separate drive motor (24) via a separate, self-contained gear (23).
14. Printing unit according to Claim 2, characterized in that the printing unit (01) has a damping unit (06) which has at least one roller (20; 21; 22; 25) and can be driven mechanically independently of the driving of the forme cylinder (03) and which is rotationally driven by a drive motor (24) in common with the inking unit (02), via a self-contained gear (23).
15. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (07) in the form of a transfer cylinder (07) has, on its lateral surface, three packings (10) arranged side by side in the axial direction, extending in each case substantially around the total circumference and arranged offset alternately to one another by 180° in the circumferential direction.
16. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (03) in the form of a forme cylinder (03) has, on its lateral surface, six printing plates (05) side by side in the axial direction and in each case at least two printing plates (05) one behind the other in the circumferential direction.
17. Printing unit according to Claim 16, characterized in that the six printing plates arranged side by side are arranged flush in each case.
18. Printing unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the printing unit is in the form of a printing unit for offset printing.

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