EP1403193B1 - Container for transporting valuable fragile objects - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an art object transport box for transporting high-quality, highly sensitive art objects, in particular paintings, having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

The teaching of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the preferred field of application for framed paintings. It should always be borne in mind, however, that the teaching of the invention is also applicable to other correspondingly high-quality and highly sensitive objects of art such as wooden panels, altar panels, relief representations and possibly also statuettes.

To transport the paintings in painting frames are made as transport holders made of wood, flat boxes used in which the paintings located in the frame in soft padding material, especially in foam plastic, is inserted. These boxes are then transported standing. On all sides the painting is surrounded by padding material so as not to be damaged during vibrations and impacts during transport.

The EP 0 636 546 A2 describes as a special protective measure a combination of a special transport holder for painting frames and a separate transport box, in which the transport bracket is installed. Such a transport box with internal transport holder can then be used in turn in an outer transport box, which in turn is lined with shock absorbing materials, in particular foam plastic materials. From this known transport box for transporting high-quality, highly sensitive objects, the invention proceeds.

For itself, it is known to use in transport boxes of the type in question shock absorption systems of different types, all of which have the purpose to suspend the highly sensitive object as low as possible mechanical loads during transport.

For itself, it is also known, the interior of a transport box with an insulating material, eg. As one consisting of compressed wood fibers insulation board, lining a fiber board, which also regulates the humidity in the interior of the box.

A particular problem with the well-known for decades art object transport boxes for transporting high-quality, highly sensitive art objects is the heat protection, in particular the fire protection. So far, one has not come out here on an exterior painting of the outer transport box with fire protection paint. But even without assuming a fire situation, the previously known transport crates are still problematic in terms of maintaining a certain temperature in the interior, where the highly sensitive art object is located. One must remember that such transport crates are exposed during transport between the continents, for example by waiting at airports, etc. large fluctuations in the outside temperature. So far, it has not been possible to design transport boxes of the type in question such that they provide a sufficiently constant inside temperature for the highly sensitive art object.

Also suitable for transporting objects of art transport boxes are known, which are lined inside with so-called. Vacuum insulation panels more or less over the entire surface ( EP-A-1 177 984 ; US-A-2002/0017841 ; US-A-5,316,171 ). Vacuum insulation panels are film-coated, evacuated thermal insulation panels ( EP-A-1 177 984 ), the core of which is regularly an open-pore polyurethane or polystyrene foam ( EP-A-1 160 524 ) or honeycomb-like made of thermoplastic material ( US-A-5,316,171 ).

The teaching of the present invention is based on the problem, the known, initially explained art object transport box to design such that the transported, high-quality and highly sensitive art object, such. For example, a framed painting is protected from exposure to extreme cold or heat for a significant period of time.

The above-mentioned problem is solved in an art object transport box having the features of the preamble of claim 1 by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

For use in the art object-Transporikiste invention under the particular aspect of fire protection vacuum insulation panels are used, which consist in the core of pressed into a plate silica powder (silica material) with embedded fiber materials. The pressure stable core is wrapped with a non-woven material used for pressure distribution and finally closed with a high-vacuum-tight and in particular metallized plastic film. The high-vacuum-tight, fully welded outer foil prevents new air entry into the core of the vacuum insulation panel.

Although vacuum insulation panels have been known for many years. In the field of art object transport boxes for transporting high-quality, highly sensitive art objects, vacuum insulation panels have hitherto not been used.

Vacuum insulation panels have standard thicknesses of 10 to 20 mm up to 40 mm. You can therefore be used to save space in the generic transport crates. If the shell is undamaged, a thermal conductivity below 0.005 W / mK is achieved. That's a tenth of the thermal conductivity of conventional insulation materials. Even if the high-vacuum-tight casing is damaged, the thermal conductivity at approx. 0.02 W / mK is only half that of conventional insulating materials such as foam or mineral fiber. The interior of the transport box, in which the highly sensitive object is located, is thus much better protected by vacuum insulation panels against temperature changes in the environment than by conventional insulation materials.

Of particular importance is the use of vacuum insulation panels also in terms of fire protection. The core of vacuum insulation panels can have significant temperature resistance. The high-sensitive object located in the interior is thus protected over a considerable period of time from the direct action of flames, even if in the event of fire, of course, a significant increase in temperature in the interior can not be avoided. Rescue operations for such an object can thus be carried out before the object itself is seriously damaged.

Of particular importance is the design of the vacuum insulation panels with a core of microporous silica. Silica powders have the same chemical structure as sand. Through a suitable manufacturing process For example, extremely fine-grained powder particles having an amorphous structure can be produced. A pressed into a plate silica powder with embedded fiber materials therefore has cavities in the highly porous structure, which are smaller by a factor of 20 to 100 than in all other materials. Thus, the vacuum requirements of the vacuum insulation panel are much lower than in the prior art. Already with a rough vacuum of 10 to 100 mbar one can achieve a very low thermal conductivity. Of particular importance in this case is the high temperature resistance of the pressed silica powder, which still guarantees serious fire protection for the highly sensitive object located inside the transport box at up to 1,000 ° C., even if the plastic material forming the envelope has long been incinerated.

For the teaching of the present invention, it does not matter whether the transportable, high-quality and highly sensitive object is stored directly in the transport box according to the invention, or whether there is still a separate box for receiving the object within the transport box according to the invention. It can therefore also be provided that the object is first packaged in a known transport bracket or crate and this is then taken up by the transport box according to the invention.

Moreover, preferred embodiments and further developments of the teaching are the subject of the further subclaims.

Fig. 1

in einer perspektivischen Ansicht eine aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Holz-Transportkiste mit eingebauter Transporthalterung,

Fig. 2

in einer perspektivischen Ansicht eine teilweise mit Vakuumisolationspaneelen ausgekleidete Transportkiste in einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 3

in einer Draufsicht eine beispielhafte Anordnung von Vakuumisolationspaneelen,

Fig. 4 a), b)

in einer Schnittdarstellung zwei beispielhafte Anordnungen von Vakuumisolationspaneelen im Bereich der Kanten der erfindungsgemäßen Transportkiste,

Fig. 5

die einzelnen Materialschichten bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel eines Vakuumisolationspaneels,

Fig. 6

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Transportkiste, und zwar einen besonders großflächigen Deckel mit einer besonderen konstruktiven Ausgestaltung.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a purely preferred embodiments illustrative drawing. In the drawing shows

Fig. 1

in a perspective view of a known from the prior art wooden transport box with built-in transport bracket,

Fig. 2

in a perspective view of a partially lined with vacuum insulation panels transport box in a preferred embodiment,

Fig. 3

in a plan view an exemplary arrangement of vacuum insulation panels,

Fig. 4 a), b)

in a sectional view two exemplary arrangements of vacuum insulation panels in the region of the edges of the transport box according to the invention,

Fig. 5

the individual material layers in one embodiment of a vacuum insulation panel,

Fig. 6

a further embodiment of a transport box according to the invention, namely a particularly large-area lid with a special structural design.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a known from the prior art transport box 1 with a transport holder 2 arranged therein for receiving a framed painting (see EP 0 636 546 A2 ). In the Fig. 1 illustrated transport box 1 is composed of a frame with four walls 3, one of a board and four triangular boards formed, forming the bottom wall 4, on which the transport bracket 2 is mounted, and a (not shown) forming the lid wall. 5 For reasons of weight saving, no completely closed bottom 4 is provided in the transport box 1 shown. However, there are also transport crates 1 are known in which the bottom is formed by a completely closed wall 4. The latter embodiment represents the starting point for the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the transport box according to the invention 1. As well as the transport box known from the prior art, the transport box 1 according to the invention consists of a frame consisting of four walls 3, a wall forming the bottom 4 and a (not shown) the Cover forming wall 5 together. Whether the frame of the transport box 1 is ultimately formed from exactly four walls 3 or from a different number of walls 3, is not important. However, since a framed painting is generally rectangular, a four-walled frame 3 is preferred. It is crucial that the transport box is completely closed, the walls 3, 4 thus adjacent to each other flush. In the Fig. 2 illustrated transport box 1 can both for receiving a separate Transport bracket 2 and another transport box serve as well as the object to be transported record directly.

In the illustrated embodiment, the transport box 1 is already partially lined on its inside with vacuum insulation panels 6. In the illustrated embodiment, the vacuum insulation panels 6 are arranged directly on the walls 3, 4. However, it is conceivable that between the vacuum insulation panels 6 and the walls 3, 4 other materials, such as insulation boards or a layer of foam plastic are arranged.

In the present case, the vacuum insulation panels 6 are arranged in two layers, in such a way that the joints 7 are displaced from one position relative to the joints 7 of the adjacent layer. In special cases, several layers may be provided. It is also possible to line the interior of the transport box 1 with only a single layer of vacuum insulation panels 6. However, a multi-layer insulation layer with mutually offset joints 7 has the advantage that on the one hand thermal bridges are largely avoided and on the other hand, the fire behavior is significantly improved. Through several layers of vacuum insulation panels 6, the insulation safety of the transport box 1 can be increased, since at a possible panel defect still dam the underlying or underlying vacuum insulation panels 6.

In Fig. 3 an example is shown in a plan view how vacuum insulation panels 6 in the transport box 1 can be arranged one above the other. The upper layer of vacuum insulation panels 6 is rotated at an angle of 90 ° to the underlying layer. It can be clearly seen that the joint 7 between the two underlying vacuum insulation panels 6 is almost completely covered by the upper layer (dashed line). But it is also possible that the vacuum insulation panels 6 of the upper layer arranged in parallel alignment with those of the lower layer, but laterally offset therefrom (see Fig. 2 ). Other possibilities are also conceivable, as long as the joints 7 a layer are covered by the vacuum insulation panels 6 another location.

The above also applies to the edges 8 of the transport box 1, ie the area in which two walls, for example, the wall forming the bottom 4 and a wall 3 of the frame, adjacent to each other. Also in this area, the vacuum insulation panels 6 should be arranged so that thermal bridges are largely avoided. Examples of optimal arrangements of vacuum insulation panels 6 in the region of the edges 8 show the Fig. 4a ) and b).

In Fig. 4a ) the edge 8 between the two walls 3 and 4 arranged at right angles to each other is shown in cross-section. There, a vertical vacuum insulation panel 6 was first attached to the wall 3 so that its end face 9 touches the wall 4 forming the bottom. Subsequently, another vacuum insulation panel 6 was placed flat on the wall 4 and pushed so far to the left until it rests flush against the side surface of the first attached vacuum insulation panel 6. Subsequently, a second layer of vacuum insulation panels 6 was arranged in a corresponding manner. Here too, it has been emphasized that the end face 9 of the arranged on one wall vacuum insulation panel 6 touches the side surface of the arranged on the other wall vacuum insulation panel 6. In this way, so also in the edge and corner of the transport box 1 thermal bridges are avoided, whereby the insulation and ultimately the fire behavior can be improved.

Fig. 4b ) shows a variant of the in Fig. 4a ) arrangement of the vacuum insulation panels 6 in the region of the edge 8 between the wall 3 and the wall 4. In a corresponding manner, the vacuum insulation panels 6 can also be arranged on all other edges 8 of the transport box 1.

To attach the vacuum insulation panels 6 to the walls 3, 4, 5, these are glued in particular there. Furthermore, it is expedient to protect the vacuum insulation panels 6 of two adjacent layers from slipping. For this purpose, the layers are advantageously firmly connected to each other, in particular glued together. This also increases the stability of the transport box 1.

In Fig. 5 an embodiment of a vacuum insulation panel 6 is shown. Clearly visible is the multi-layered structure. The core 10 of the vacuum insulation panel 6 may be made of a pyrogenic and / or a microporous Material, in particular of a silica material (silica powder, pressed) exist. The use of this material allows the core 10 to be evacuated without the external loading pressure compressing the core 10. Especially silica material has the advantage that extremely fine-grained powder particles are produced with a glassy structure by a special manufacturing process, so that cavities in a highly porous structure arise during pressing into plates, which are smaller by a factor of 20 to 100 than in all other materials , such as B. organic foams. The compression of the fine-grained silica material is expediently done by embedding fiber material of appropriate consistency, so that the overall structure compact and coherent fails. Incidentally, silica material has the advantages of temperature resistance explained in the general part of the specification.

If only the insulation properties, but not the fire protection properties of the transport box 1 are to be improved, it is also possible to choose vacuum insulation panels 6 with a core 10 made of open-cell polyurethane or polystyrene foams or glass fiber webs. Also such vacuum insulation panels 6 have a low thermal conductivity and keep the external load pressure.

The pressed core 10 of in Fig. 5 illustrated vacuum insulation panel 6 is initially covered by a nonwoven layer 11, which is then surrounded by a metallized plastic film 12. The plastic film 12 is a special gas-tight film that is free of thermal bridges.

Furthermore, in Fig. 5 a tab-shaped weld 13 shown, which is provided due to the production of the plastic film 12. So that the vacuum insulation panels 6 in the transport box 1 adjoin one another optimally in order to achieve the lowest possible heat transfer at the joints 7, the tabs or welds 13 should not be arranged in the area in which the vacuum insulation panels 6 touch. The vacuum insulation panels 6 should therefore have a largely smooth surface in the region of the edge, possibly a flat weld seam. It is essential that there are no protruding tabs in the region of the edge which would prevent the immediately adjacent arrangement of adjacent insulation panels 6.

So that the framed painting or another high-quality, highly sensitive object is optimally protected against excessive moisture inside the transport box 1 during transport or storage, a moisture-absorbing medium should be provided. These can be porous, z. B. of pressed wood fiber plates - namely so-called fiber insulation panels 14 - or be other body. If the transport box 1 is exposed for an extended period of time to an extremely dry or warm environment, a moisture-releasing medium may also be provided to prevent the transport goods from drying out. In this way, even with changing environmental conditions, the moisture in the interior of the transport box 1 can be kept relatively constant for a long time.

It has already been explained extensively that it may be important for certain highly sensitive objects to keep the temperature inside the transport box 1 as constant as possible. It is obvious that the temperature stability inside the transport box 1 depends on how much heat-storing mass is present in the interior of the transport box. Heat-storing mass can be introduced by additionally existing internals, additional material layers and of course by the object itself, which has, for example, a solid frame. Often, however, the highly sensitive object is still a very small object with little mass. In particular, in such a case, it may be advisable to additionally provide targeted in the interior of a heat-storing material. This is very effective, in particular, if it is a material that acts as a latent heat storage, in particular on the basis of a phase change. Such materials are available per se on the market, they are introduced according to the invention targeted in the transport box to ensure an increased temperature stability in the interior for the highly sensitive object.

It has already been pointed out above that a box-in-box system can be provided. In such a case, it is recommended that at least one plate of the inner transport box is formed by a Faserdämmplatte 14.

Finally, a shock absorption system should be provided inside the transport box 1, which protects the object from shocks and shocks. For this purpose, for example, one or more foam layers inside the Transport box 1 may be arranged. These may be provided between the walls 3, 5 and the vacuum insulation panels 6 and / or between the vacuum insulation panels 6 and the cargo. The foam layers can also additionally increase the thermal insulation. Ultimately, a shock absorption system will be understood to mean any construction that, in one way or another, supports the highly sensitive object to minimize mechanical stresses on the object.

Fig. 6 shows a construction which is modified to take into account the high weight of the plates of the transport box 1 for large dimensions of several meters constructive. In the illustrated embodiment, it is provided that in particularly large areas, in particular of the bottom 4 or the cover 5, shown here, the surface 15 is divided by webs 16 in several, in particular in three fields 17, in which then arranged individual vacuum insulation panels 6, in turn are glued. One recognizes in Fig. 6 two webs 16 on the inside of the lid 5. The webs 16 are here sheathed with insulating material 18, to form the smallest possible thermal bridges (section, not to scale). In the illustrated embodiment according to Fig. 6 is indicated by dash-dotted lines, moreover, that the vacuum insulation panels 6 are thereby stabilized and fixed in the fields 17 on the inside of the lid 5 between the webs 16, that here still on the webs 16, a Faserdämmplatte 14 is attached. Here, at the same time, the moisture control of the interior of the transport box 1 has been achieved and the stable fixation of the vacuum insulation panels 6 on the surface 15 has been achieved.

It is also known, for fixing the vacuum insulation panels 6, so that their slippage and displacement is avoided, tension straps o. The like. Provide, which are attached to the edges of the wall, in particular the lid 5.

Claims (10)

1. Art object transport case for the transport of valuable, highly sensitive art objects, comprising a frame which preferably consists of four walls (3), a wall (4) which forms the base, and a wall (5) which forms the lid, wherein the transport case (1) can be fully closed and is lined internally with vacuum insulation panels (6), which in the core (10) consist of pyrogenic silica powder, compressed into a board, with embedded fibre materials.
2. Transport case according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in the region of two mutually adjoining walls (3, 4), the end face (9) of the vacuum insulation panels (6) disposed on one wall is in contact with the side face (9) of the vacuum insulation panels (6) disposed on the other wall.
3. Transport case according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least two layers of vacuum insulation panels (6) are provided and are arranged such that the joints (7) of one layer are offset in relation to the joints (7) of the adjoining layer(s), and such that, preferably, the joints (7) of one layer run transversely to the joints (7) of the adjoining layer(s).
4. Transport case according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels (6) are connected fixedly to the walls (3, 4, 5), in particular are glued to these, and in that, if present, the mutually adjoining layers are fixedly connected to one another, in particular are glued to one another.
5. Transport case according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels (6), in the region of the edge, have a continuously largely smooth surface, i.e. in the region of their edge have no protruding butt straps or weld seams (13).
6. Transport case according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that inside the transport case (1), within the interior enclosed by the vacuum insulation panels (6), a moisture-absorbing and/or moisture-releasing medium is provided, the moisture-absorbing and/or moisture-releasing medium preferably having at least one fibre insulating board (14).
7. Transport case according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that inside the transport case (1), within the interior enclosed by the vacuum insulation panels (6), a mass of sufficient heat-storing capacity, possibly a mass of additional heat-storing capacity in addition to the object itself, possibly in the form of a latent heat store, is provided, and/or in that inside the transport case (1), within the interior enclosed by the vacuum insulation panels (6), a shock absorption system is provided, on or in which the object to be transported is stored.
8. Transport case according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that inside the transport case (1) there is provided a transport case, once again closed, in which the object to be transported is stored, in particular in that the shock absorption system inside the transport case (1) is realized, for its part, as a closed transport case, the at least one fibre insulating board (14) preferably forming a board, in particular the lid, of the inner transport case.
9. Transport case according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, between the walls (3, 5) of the transport case (1) and the vacuum insulation panels (6) and/or on the inner sides of the vacuum insulation panels (6), at least one layer of foamed plastic is provided.
10. Transport case according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, if the dimensions of the walls, in particular of the base (4) or the lid (5), are particularly large, the area (15) is divided by crosspieces (16) into a plurality of, in particular three fields (17), in which individual vacuum insulation panels (6) are then disposed, in particular are glued in place, in that, on the inner side of the particularly large area lined with vacuum insulation panels (6), a stabilizing plate, in particular a fibre insulating board (14), is preferably disposed, in particular is attached to the crosspieces (16) and thus additionally fixes the vacuum insulation panels (6), and/or the crosspieces (16) are clad, at least on three sides, with insulating material (18), which is realized or equipped so as to be fire-retardant.

Images