EP1400045A1 - Procede, dispositif et systeme pour transmettre des donnees - Google Patents

Procede, dispositif et systeme pour transmettre des donnees

Info

Publication number
EP1400045A1
EP1400045A1 EP01940052A EP01940052A EP1400045A1 EP 1400045 A1 EP1400045 A1 EP 1400045A1 EP 01940052 A EP01940052 A EP 01940052A EP 01940052 A EP01940052 A EP 01940052A EP 1400045 A1 EP1400045 A1 EP 1400045A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
communication device
communication
time slots
data
repeater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01940052A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Weilin Liu
Thomas Kaltenschnee
Andrew Lunn
James Aldis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ascom Intermediate AG
Original Assignee
Ascom Powerline Communications AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ascom Powerline Communications AG filed Critical Ascom Powerline Communications AG
Publication of EP1400045A1 publication Critical patent/EP1400045A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • H04J3/1694—Allocation of channels in TDM/TDMA networks, e.g. distributed multiplexers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/58—Repeater circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5408—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines using protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5445—Local network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5462—Systems for power line communications
    • H04B2203/5479—Systems for power line communications using repeaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transmitting data between a plurality of communication devices, wherein a plurality of data frames, each with a plurality of time slots, are transmitted in succession.
  • the invention further relates to a communication device and a corresponding arrangement for the transmission of data.
  • the transmission signals are typically subject to various disturbances, for example an attenuation which is dependent on the respective transmission channel.
  • the attenuation depends, for example, on the transmission distance.
  • other influences such as the number of branches or the material of the cables also influence the resulting damping.
  • Too high attenuation means that a signal and the data it transmits can no longer be received correctly.
  • the transmission medium i.e. H. the transmission line is typically interrupted and the repeater is used there.
  • this has two interfaces, whereby it amplifies a signal received via the first interface via the second interface. This means that a received signal cannot go directly to the output and continue to spread there. I.e. Communication independent of the repeater between two devices on each side of the repeater is not possible, even if this would be possible in principle in terms of attenuation.
  • the repeater is not inserted into the transmission line, but connected to it, so that any signal can be passed unimpeded past the repeater.
  • precise coordination is necessary in this case as to who can use the transmission line, when and how. This is usually done by dividing the transmission line into a plurality of transmission channels, for example by means of FDMA (frequency division multiple access), CDMA (code division multiple access) or TDMA (time division multiple access) or corresponding mixed forms, whereby one or more transmission channels are permanently assigned to the respective communication partners.
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset which makes it possible to avoid the disadvantages existing in the prior art and in particular enables efficient data transmission with an increased transmission range.
  • the data is transmitted between a plurality of communication devices using a method based on the TDMA method.
  • a plurality of data frames are transmitted one after the other.
  • Each data frame comprises a plurality of so-called timeslots, the number of timeslots per frame generally remaining constant.
  • the data is sent by combining a certain number of bits into a so-called burst and sending them out in a timeslot.
  • Each frame has a certain structure.
  • signals are often transmitted which are used by the communication partners for synchronization.
  • the data is transmitted in the remaining timeslots of a frame, whereby in principle any device can use any timeslot to send or receive the data.
  • the data is divided into small data packets, which are each sent or received in a timeslot.
  • Transmission medium is e.g. B.
  • mediating communication device hereinafter referred to as repeater
  • the time slots to be used must be coordinated so that there are no undesired interferences, ie the repeater does not receive data from the master and the slave at the same time. This is done by the master allocating the timeslots in one of the next frames in a certain frame. In particular, the master informs the repeater in a first frame which timeslots of the next or next but one or any subsequent frame it may use for communication with the slave.
  • the repeater not only increases the range of data transmission, it is also possible to vary the bandwidth required for communication between the repeater and the slave from frame to frame.
  • the master can, for example, increase the number of timeslots for communication between the repeater and slave depending on the amount of data, which of course also applies to the communication between master and repeater itself. This is particularly advantageous if different types of data transmission (surfing the Internet, voice signals) are to be realized.
  • the repeater uses the timeslots assigned to it is basically up to it. However, communication with the slave must be restricted to the assigned time slots.
  • the repeater therefore advantageously tells the slave which timeslots it can use to communicate with the repeater.
  • the repeater like the master before, makes a timeslot allocation and communicates this to the slave.
  • the repeater is the master for its slaves. In order for the slave to be able to use the correct timeslots in a certain frame, the repeater must inform him of this at least one frame in advance. This in turn means that the repeater receives the timeslot allocation from the master at least one frame earlier. That is, the repeater notifies the slave of the timeslot allocation in one of the frames between the first and the subsequent frame.
  • the master is therefore preferred tell the repeater in a first frame the timeslot allocation for the next but one frame, ie the third frame, whereupon the repeater forwards this information to the slave in the second frame. This ensures that the slave also uses the correct timeslots in the third frame.
  • the time slots can be allocated in any way.
  • the master can transmit corresponding information to the repeater in any timeslot that is provided for the communication between master and repeater. It is also possible to use other, independent transmission channels for this. However, a special control timeslot reserved for this purpose is advantageously used to transmit this information. This is typically the first timeslot of each frame (which is not mandatory, however) and is therefore referred to below as the frame header.
  • the frame header can also include other information, such as the synchronization data already mentioned above or any commands to another device.
  • an additional frame header typically the second timeslot of a frame, is preferably not used for this.
  • the first or the second frame header are therefore exclusively from the master or Repeater used to send information or commands to the respective controlled devices.
  • the master will not assign any of the frame headers to another device for communication.
  • the described method is in principle also suitable for data transmission by radio or by means of wavelengths in the optical spectral range. However, it is preferably used to transmit data over a wired communication network. It is particularly suitable for the transmission of data via a power supply network which is typically connected to several users, who may have a bandwidth requirement that varies greatly over time.
  • a user is typically connected to a slave with a device for data processing, for example a computer, a fax machine or also a data-capable mobile radio device, it being possible for one user to serve several users.
  • the time slots are allocated by the master, for example in the frame header.
  • this includes a "time slot card", a so-called “slot map”. It defines which device can use which timeslots in which frame, whereby each timeslot is individually assigned to a device.
  • the master sends such a slot map with the timeslot allocation for one of the next frames, the allocation typically always being valid for the same frame, for example the one after that. Every slave or repeater with which the master communicates directly receives this slot map and consequently knows which timeslots in the relevant frame it must use to send or receive data.
  • a simpler and preferred method of making this assignment is not to assign each individual timeslot to a slave, but to do this for several timeslots at the same time.
  • the master advantageously defines a division point for a specific subsequent frame, the repeater being able to use all timeslots on one side of the division point for communication with the slave. Typically, the repeater will use the timeslots from the split point to the end of a frame.
  • the master continues to determine the time slots to be used individually for communication with its slaves or repeaters. In general, however, the frame headers are not assigned to any other device, since they are used to transmit the timeslot allocation. In principle, the division point could be determined anew for each frame.
  • the repeater does not have to wait for the slot allocation of its master, but can, with knowledge of a constant division point, the time slots assigned to it split up earlier among his slaves. This enables the communication protocols to be considerably simplified.
  • the slow adaptation of the division point can take place, for example, on the basis of statistics of the user behavior.
  • timeslot allocation can also be done by using any subset of the available timeslots, i. H. without the frame header.
  • a repeater for communication with its slaves could be assigned each time slot with an even or odd number, or certain sets of time slots were predefined.
  • the repeater only uses the time slots of this subset for communication with its slaves and the master only uses time slots outside this subset for direct communication with its slaves and repeaters.
  • the master provides the repeater with certain resources that the repeater can use independently.
  • a timeslot allocation is also carried out.
  • the timeslots can be allocated individually using a slot map.
  • each repeater For communication with the slave, each repeater will now divide the timeslots assigned to it by the master, as described above, into send and receive timeslots and will tell the slave which timeslots it may use in which frame.
  • This principle also works if the repeater has to ensure communication between the master and several slaves.
  • the master may become easy select the division point so that the repeater has enough time slots available to divide it between the different slaves.
  • the timeslot allocation by the repeater is of course also possible by dividing the available timeslots into several areas by means of one or, if necessary, several division points, with each slave being assigned an area.
  • a second repeater can also be connected in between.
  • the data is transmitted from the first to the slave via the second repeater.
  • the first repeater takes on the role of the master and takes a timeslot allocation for the communication between the second repeater and the slave. However, he can only distribute those timeslots that have been assigned to him by the correct master. The allocation takes place in a frame between the frame in which the master allocates its slots to it and the frame for which these slots have been allocated to it.
  • the master must make the timeslot allocation at least three frames in advance. Then the first repeater can allocate the slots assigned to it by the master of the frame after the next but one for the second repeater and finally the allocation of the timeslots allocated to it by the first repeater of the next frame for it for the slave.
  • repeaters can only allocate subsequent devices for those timeslots that have been assigned to them by their respective higher-level device.
  • those timeslots of a frame that the master also uses to communicate with the first repeater are advantageously used for communication between the slave and the second repeater ,
  • caution is advised here as interference can occur when receiving data from the first repeater.
  • the second repeater sends data to the slave in a certain timeslot, these are also transmitted to the first repeater, which may also receive data from the master in this timeslot.
  • the second repeater can simultaneously receive data from the slave and from the first repeater in a certain timeslot, the first repeater actually communicating with the master.
  • the separation of the transmission channels can be achieved, for example, by using different frequency ranges for communication between the master and the first repeater than for communication between the second repeater and the slave.
  • other types of multi-axis utilization of a transmission medium such as a type of CDMA method, could also be used.
  • the transmission or reception time slots are preferably synchronized in such a way that the first and the second repeater each send and receive data simultaneously. This prevents the first repeater from receiving data from the second repeater when the master sends it data and from the second repeater receiving data from the first repeater when the slave is sending data.
  • the master therefore preferably communicates with several communication devices simultaneously. I.e. In one frame, it can send broadcast messages that are received by several devices at the same time as well as send different data to different receivers or receive data from one or more devices.
  • the method described above can also be implemented as a computer program product, for example as software or firmware, which is either stored in a corresponding memory of a communication device or on a corresponding storage medium.
  • a communication device has a processor on which the program can run.
  • Communication devices such as those used to carry out the method described above, have a network interface for connection to a line-bound communication network. They also have means for sending and receiving data via the communication network, the data being transmitted in a plurality of frames, each with a plurality of timeslots, as already described.
  • the transmission / reception means are designed in such a way that the data can be transmitted via the respective communication network.
  • the transmission / reception means for a telephone line will be designed differently than for a power cable.
  • a repeater also includes second means for controlling the time slots to be used for sending and receiving. These means serve both to control the timeslots assigned to it by the master for communication with the slave or another repeater for sending and receiving, and to further allocate these timeslots to the communication devices subordinate to it.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for the transmission of data via a power supply network and is preferably used accordingly.
  • the data are usually sent in such a way that the data is modulated onto a high-frequency carrier signal and is capacitively coupled into the power network. Accordingly, the data are decoupled and demodulated when received.
  • a communication device could be supplied with any energy source, for example with a battery, an accumulator or via an external power supply.
  • the network interface is not only designed for connecting to the network for the purpose of data transmission, but preferably also for supplying the communication device with electrical energy from the power supply network.
  • a repeater only fulfills the function of forwarding data between a master and its slaves.
  • One user is at a slave connected.
  • the repeater has a user interface to which a user or the corresponding data processing device can be connected directly.
  • the repeater therefore not only passes data back and forth between the master and slave, but also provides the user with a direct connection to the master. A user can therefore be connected to the repeater like a normal slave.
  • This configuration can be expanded practically as desired. I.e. any number of other slaves can be connected to the communication network. Depending on the specific design of the respective communication network, these can either communicate directly with the master, or they can communicate with the master via an existing or a new repeater.
  • a communication network can also exist side by side and use the same transmission medium, for example a power supply network, for data transmission.
  • suitable means must be used to ensure that they do not interfere with each other. This is the case if they are far enough apart, for example that the attenuation is so great that no device in one communication network can hear one device in the other.
  • An FDMA method is also suitable for the logical separation of the communication networks, so that each network uses its own frequency or its own frequency range.
  • a certain synchronization of the transmission or reception time slots can also help to reduce the mutual interference.
  • a user can be connected to each slave or repeater to transmit data. The users can both communicate with one another and transmit data from or to an external network.
  • the master or another communication device is connected to a backbone network, for example the Internet or a public or private telephone network.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an arrangement of communication devices for data transmission
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the timeslot allocation for the frames
  • FIG. 5 shows a frame from FIG. 4 with a possible timeslot allocation
  • FIG. 6 shows a frame from FIG. 4 with a different timeslot allocation
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement for data transmission via two repeaters; 8 shows a plurality of frames for data transmission in an arrangement according to FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 shows a frame from FIG. 8 with a possible timeslot allocation and one
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of an application of the invention in a
  • Fig. 1 1 is a schematic representation of an application of the invention in one
  • Low-voltage power supply network with a plurality of buildings in different configurations.
  • FIG. 1 shows a communication network 1 with a tree-like structure and a plurality of devices connected to it, which transmit data to one another via the communication network 1.
  • the communication network 1 is, for example, a branch of a higher-level network, which can also have other branches of this type.
  • the devices are each configured differently, so that a kind of hierarchy arises, with the top device, the master 2, at the root of the communication network 1, i. H. the branch of the parent network shown is connected.
  • Several slaves 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 and a repeater 4 are connected to branches 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 of communication network 1.
  • the master 2 typically communicates with further communication devices (not shown) further up in the tree-like structure of the higher-level network, this configuration is advantageous. However, it is not mandatory.
  • the master could also be connected to one of the branches 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 of the communication network 1.
  • Master 2 is to be regarded as a higher-level communication device that exchanges data with the subordinate devices, slaves 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4. Master 2 can communicate directly with slaves 3.1 and 3.2, since the quality of the transmitted signals enables correct reception. On the other hand, the signals from master 2 to slaves 3.3 and 3.4 or vice versa are impaired so much that they can no longer be received correctly.
  • a repeater 4 is therefore provided, which ensures communication between the master 2 and the two slaves 3.3 and 3.4.
  • Repeater 4 is a kind of slave for master 2 and a kind of master for slaves 3.3 and 3.4.
  • the master 2 coordinates the communication within the communication network 1, i. H. it determines which device can use which of the possible transmission channels and when.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plurality of such frames 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, which are transmitted one after the other over the communication network 1.
  • the frame 5.4 is shown in somewhat more detail in FIG. It is divided into a plurality of timeslots 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, ..., ⁇ .n, the division being exactly the same for each frame 5.1 to 5.4.
  • a synchronization sequence (not shown) is also sent in each frame 5.1 to 5.4 and / or in each timeslot 6.1 to ⁇ .n.
  • Master 2 controls the channel assignment by assigning the individual timeslots 6.1 to ⁇ .n of each frame 5.1 to 5.4. I.e. Master 2 determines when which device can use which timeslot of a frame to send or receive data.
  • each frame 5.1 to 5.4 are again shown in FIG. 4, with the individual timeslots, in the present example there being 20 timeslots, each frame 5.1 to 5.4 are recognizable.
  • two timeslots of each frame 5.1 to 5.4 are specially marked.
  • One of these special timeslots contains, for example, the synchronization sequence, the slot allocation and other data for controlling the communication. Since it is typically the first timeslot of each frame 5.1 to 5.4, it is referred to as a so-called frame header 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4.
  • the master 2 thus announces the slot allocation. That is, In each frame header 7.1 to 7.4, the master 2 transmits information about the slot allocation of future frames to the affected devices.
  • the situation for the communication network 1 from FIG. 1 is shown.
  • master 2 cannot transmit data directly to slaves 3.3 and 3.4. It therefore reserves a few timeslots of each frame for communication between repeater 4 and slaves 3.3 and 3.4 and transmits this information in frame header 7.1 to 7.4 to repeater 4.
  • the latter receives this information and divides the timeslots assigned to it by master 2 into the both slaves 3.3 and 3.4 and transmits this information to the affected slaves 3.3 and 3.4. Since the first timeslot of each frame 5.1 to 5.4 is already occupied by master 2, it uses a further timeslot reserved for this purpose, for example the second timeslot of each frames 5.1 to 5.4. This is referred to as repeater frame header 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 or 8.4.
  • the master 2 transmits the information about the timeslot allocation of the frame after next in the frame header 7.1 or 7.2 of a particular frame 5.1 or 5.2 5.3 or 5.4, which is indicated by the arrows 9.1 and 9.2.
  • Repeater 4 which receives this information, can thus forward its slot allocation to the two slaves 3.3 and 3.4 in the next frame 5.2 or 5.3.
  • master 2 apart from the reserved timeslots, ie the frame headers 7.1 to 7.4 and 8.1 to 8.4, allocate all timeslots of each frame can.
  • Repeater 4 on the other hand, can only distribute the time slots of a frame assigned to it by master 2.
  • the slot allocation by the master 2 or the repeater 4 can vary from frame to frame, for example depending on the amount of data to be transmitted.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example allocation of the time slots 6.1 to 6.20 of the frame 5.3, in the event that only a little data has to be transmitted from the master 2 to the slaves 3.3 and 3.4 or vice versa.
  • Timeslot 6.1 is the frame header 7.3 used by the master 2 and the timeslot 6.2 is the repeater frame header 8.3 used by the repeater 4.
  • Timeslots 6.3 to 6.18 are reserved by master 2 for data exchange with those communication devices with which it can communicate directly, in the present example for data exchange with slaves 3.1 and 3.2 and repeater 4.
  • the last two timeslots 6.19 and 6.20 have he assigned the repeater 4 for its data exchange with the slaves 3.3 and 3.4.
  • the assignment can be made in such a way that the master 2 determines for each timeslot who can use it. For example, a large number of bits are reserved in the frame header. For example, one or more bits can be reserved for a timeslot, whereby the master 2 can determine who can use the corresponding timeslot in the respective frame by suitable selection of the individual bits. Likewise, a certain number of bits could also be reserved for each device, whereby the master can determine which timeslots the corresponding device may use by suitable selection of the values.
  • the assignment can also be made by the master 2 jointly determining the use by the repeater 4 for a specific subset of the timeslots. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, he can define a division point 10 and only announce the position of this division point 10. The repeater 4 then knows that it can, for example, use all the time slots 6.19, 6.20 from the division point 10 to the end of the frame 5.3 for communication with the slaves 3.3 and 3.4. Repeater 4 can now further split these two timeslots 6.19 and 6.20 evenly between the two slaves 3.3 and 3.4, for example, assign a timeslot to each. In principle, it has exactly the same options for splitting its timeslots as Master 2 for splitting all timeslots on its slaves or repeaters.
  • the master 4 does not expect traffic from or to the slaves 3.3, 3.4, it can also place the division point 10 in such a way that only a single timeslot is available for the two slaves 3.3 and 3.4. In this case, if one of the slaves 3.3, 3.4 needs more bandwidth, it sends a corresponding request to the repeater in this single timeslot, which then assigns more timeslots to this slave. A very specific timeslot within a frame can be reserved for such requests, which all slaves can access. Occasionally there may be collisions if two slaves want to access this timeslot at the same time, but this is not a problem, because an unsuccessful contact can be repeated immediately or after a random waiting time.
  • the master 2 will make a slot allocation according to FIG. 6. It defines the division point 10 in such a way that the repeater 4 has the time slots 6.1 1 to 6.20 available.
  • Master 2 knows whether a large amount of data is to be transmitted either because he wants to transmit it to a slave himself, or he receives a message from the corresponding slave via repeater with a request for more bandwidth. Master 2 will then, if it has free capacity, increase the number of timeslots for the corresponding repeater and transmit the new timeslot allocation to it. The repeater will then assign the requesting slave more time slots for the transmission of data to it.
  • FIG. 7 shows another configuration of a communication network 1.1.
  • Two repeaters 4.1, 4.2 are provided for communication between the master 2.1 and the slave 3.5.
  • FIG. 8 shows a sequence of frames 1 1.1, 1 1.2, 1 1.3 and 1 1.4, as can be used for communication in a configuration according to FIG. 7.
  • Each frame 1 1.1 to 1 1.4 again has 20 timeslots and the respective frame headers 7.5, 7.6, 7.7 and 7.8 are recognizable again.
  • the master 2.1 transmits here in the frame header 7.5 of a particular frame 1 1.1, in contrast to FIG. 4, the information about the timeslot allocation of the third frame 1 1.4 next, which is indicated by the arrow 9.3 is indicated.
  • This configuration is used when the distance between Master 2 and Slave 3.5 is so great that a single repeater is not sufficient to ensure communication.
  • the first repeater 4.1 transmits the information about the timeslot allocation in the respective repeater frame header 8.5 to 8.8 for the frame after the next but one to the second repeater 4.2 and the latter repeats one or more of the timeslots of a frame assigned to it by the repeater 4.1 in one of each Repeater frame headers 8.9 to 8.12 back to slave 3.5. Typically, he will use the third timeslot of each frame 1 1.1 to 1 1.4 for this, which consequently must not be used for data transmission. I.e. the first repeater 4.1 allocates the information about the timeslot occupancy in frame 1 1.4 to the second repeater 4.2 in frame 1 1.2 and the second repeater 4.2 transmits its allocation of the timeslots in frame 1 1.3 to the slave 3.5.
  • the master 2.1 must allocate the slots at least three frames in advance so that this information can be forwarded to the slave 3.5 in good time.
  • the master 2.1 can allocate even more repeaters in series to bridge even longer distances, whereby the slot allocation must be done earlier by the master 2.1.
  • the same timeslots can be used as for communication between the master 2.1 and the first repeater 4.1. This is possible because the nature of the communication network is such that the transmission signals of the master 2.1 cannot reach the second repeater 4.2. Of course, this also applies in the other direction. If this were not the case, one of the repeaters could be omitted.
  • the master 2.1 sends data to the first repeater 4.1 in a certain timeslot and the second repeater 4.2 sends data to the slave 3.5 in the same timeslot.
  • the first repeater 4.1 may now receive both signals in this timeslot, although only the signals of the master 2.1 are intended for it. The same applies in the event that the first repeater 4.1 sends data to the master
  • the second repeater 4.2 uses a different frequency for communication with the slave 3.5 than the master 2.1 for communication with the first repeater 4.1.
  • the two repeaters 4.1, 4.2 can also be synchronized in such a way that both send and receive data simultaneously in the affected timeslots.
  • Figure 9 shows a correspondingly divided frame 1 1.4. The time slots 6.1,
  • the timeslots 6.15 to 6.20 are provided for communication between the first repeater 4.1 and the second repeater 4.2.
  • the timeslots 6.4 to 6.14 are intended on the one hand for communication between the master 2.1 and the first repeater 4.1 and between the second repeater 4.2 and the slave 3.5. They are divided by a switching point 12 into a transmission area 13 and a reception area 14.
  • the time slots of the transmission area 13 are used by both repeaters 4.1, 4.2 exclusively for transmission and the time slots of the reception area 14 used exclusively for receiving data.
  • the definition of such a switching point 12 can prevent one of the repeaters 4.1, 4.2 from receiving data from the other repeater 4.2, 4.1 inadvertently.
  • FIG 10 shows a possible application of the invention.
  • a transformer station 15 is shown, in which the voltage of a medium-voltage line 16 is transformed with a transformer 17 into a low voltage, which can be tapped from a busbar 18.
  • Three low-voltage lines, so-called feeders 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, are connected to the busbar 18 and supply, for example, three different groups of buildings (not shown) in a quarter with electricity.
  • a master 2.2 is connected to the busbar 18 and a plurality of slaves 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.1 1, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16 are connected to each feeder.
  • master 2.2 cannot communicate directly with slaves 3.8, 3.15 and 3.16.
  • a repeater 4.3 or 4.4 is therefore additionally provided in each of the two feeders 19.1 and 19.3, which ensures communication between the master 2.2 and the slaves 3.8, 3.15 and 3.16 in the manner according to the invention.
  • the allocation of the timeslots by the master 2.2 can, for example, take place in such a way that it defines a division point in each frame, which applies to both repeaters 4.3 and 4.4. I.e. the repeater 4.3 uses the same time slots to communicate with its slave 3.8 as the repeater 4.4 uses to communicate with its slaves 3.15 and 3.16.
  • Figure 1 Another possible application is shown in Figure 1 1. It shows a plurality of buildings 21.1, 21.2, 21.3, 21.4, 21.5, 21.6, which are connected to a low-voltage power supply network 20 for the purpose of power supply.
  • a low-voltage power supply network 20 for the purpose of power supply.
  • each building 21.1, 21.2, 21.3, 21.4, 21.5, 21.6 there is at least one user (not shown) who wants to exchange data with another user and / or want to be connected to an external communication network, such as the Internet 29.
  • an external communication network such as the Internet 29.
  • the main network will be formed by an outdoor master 22 and an outdoor slave 23.1, 23.2, 23.3, 23.4, 23.5 or an outdoor repeater 24 per building, which can communicate with the outdoor master 22 according to the invention.
  • each building 21.1, 21.2, 21.3, 21.4, 21.5, 21.6 has an indoor master 25.1, 25.2, 25.3, 25.4, 25.5, 25.6 and at least one indoor slave 26.1, 26.2, 26.3, 26.4, 26.5, 26.6, 26.7, 26.8, 26.9 or indoor repeaters 27.1, 27.2.
  • a different frequency is used in the outdoor network, for example.
  • the same frequency can be used for data transmission in each building.
  • different frequencies can also be used here.
  • the indoor master 25.1, 25.2, 25.3, 25.4, 25.5, 25.6 is connected to the respective outdoor slave 23.1, 23.2, 23.3., 23.4, 23.5 or outdoor repeater 24, whereby Frequency conversion from the outdoor frequency to the respective indoor frequency takes place.
  • Building 21.3 represents a special case. It is designed as a double house, with each of the two houses 28.1, 28.2 having its own power connection to the low-voltage power supply network 20.
  • the transmission conditions are such that the indoor master 25.3 can communicate both with the indoor slaves 26.3 and 26.4 in house 28.1 and with the indoor repeater 27.2 in house 28.2. Communication between the indoor master 25.3 and the indoor slave 26.5 in house 28.2 is thus ensured by the indoor repeater 27.2.
  • the combination of an outdoor slave with an indoor master is therefore replaced in house 28.2 by a single indoor repeater 27.2, which acts as a master for the indoor slave 26.5. Since each user is connected to one of the indoor slaves or an indoor repeater, they can not only communicate with one another, but also with the Internet 29.
  • the invention allows the range of the data transmission to be increased many times, in particular in the case of wired communication networks.
  • the reduction in the transmission bandwidth that has to be accepted for this is minimal, because the bandwidth available to the individual communication devices can vary and be adapted to the current requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Lors d'une transmission de données par ligne entre un maître et un esclave, un répéteur permet de transmettre les données d'un appareil à un autre, puisqu'une communication directe entre le maître et l'esclave n'est pas possible. Les données sont transmises dans une pluralité de trames (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) transmises les unes après les autres et présentant respectivement une pluralité d'intervalles de temps. Le maître commande et contrôle la transmission des données en régulant dans chaque trame (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) l'utilisation des intervalles de temps de futures trames. A cette fin, il transmet des informations correspondantes dans le premier intervalle de temps de la trame correspondant, l'en-tête de trame (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4). Dans l'exemple décrit, le maître transmet dans chaque trame (5.1, 5.2) la répartition des intervalles de temps (9.1, 9.2) pour chaque trame respective se trouvant deux places avant (5.3, 5.4) au répéteur. Ce répéteur reçoit la répartition des intervalles de temps provenant du maître, établit à son tour une répartition des intervalles de temps pour l'esclave et transmet celle-ci dans la trame correspondante (5.3, 5.4), dans chaque second intervalle de temps (8.2, 8.3) de la trame suivante (5.2, 5.3), à l'esclave, qui peut ensuite utiliser les bons intervalles de temps pour envoyer ou recevoir des données allant au répéteur ou provenant de celui-ci,.
EP01940052A 2001-06-28 2001-06-28 Procede, dispositif et systeme pour transmettre des donnees Withdrawn EP1400045A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2001/000404 WO2003003631A1 (fr) 2001-06-28 2001-06-28 Procede, dispositif et systeme pour transmettre des donnees

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JP4608936B2 (ja) 2004-04-28 2011-01-12 パナソニック株式会社 通信方法および通信装置
CN100401680C (zh) * 2005-03-07 2008-07-09 华为技术有限公司 一种通信设备中时隙资源的管理方法
CN107483140B (zh) * 2016-06-07 2019-03-08 航天恒星科技有限公司 基于tdma的组网方法

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SE500620C2 (sv) * 1992-12-11 1994-07-25 Televerket Repeteringsfunktion vid radiosystem med kort räckvidd
NL1000875C2 (nl) * 1995-07-24 1997-01-28 Nederland Ptt Telecommunicatiesystemen, alsmede basisstation alsmede repeaterstation, alsmede werkwijzen.
US6101171A (en) * 1997-12-19 2000-08-08 Vsli Technology, Inc. Slot by slot PS/CS switching apparatus within the personal handy phone system
DE19849111C1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2001-05-17 Krone Gmbh Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Datenübertragung auf Powerlines
WO2000070828A1 (fr) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Reseau local pour connecter des dispositifs de reseau

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