EP1397549B1 - Feather-based padding product, preparation method and installation for implementing said method - Google Patents
Feather-based padding product, preparation method and installation for implementing said method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1397549B1 EP1397549B1 EP20020726277 EP02726277A EP1397549B1 EP 1397549 B1 EP1397549 B1 EP 1397549B1 EP 20020726277 EP20020726277 EP 20020726277 EP 02726277 A EP02726277 A EP 02726277A EP 1397549 B1 EP1397549 B1 EP 1397549B1
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- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- feathers
- fibers
- structural
- web
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/02—Cotton wool; Wadding
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/413—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing granules other than absorbent substances
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5412—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/60—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
- Y10T428/2925—Helical or coiled
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/627—Strand or fiber material is specified as non-linear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
- Y10T442/641—Sheath-core multicomponent strand or fiber material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filling product whose base material consists of feathers; it also relates to the process for producing this product and the installation for carrying out the process.
- Feathered fillers find their application in many industries because of their multiple properties and qualities.
- This material is composed of feathers but it is generally composed of feathers, feather quality, feather and / or down according to the uses. It comes mostly loose and its implementation is not easy. It has characteristics close to those of light powdery materials, that is to say that it has no shape and is very volatile.
- JP 61-213087 proposes a leaf-shaped structure in which down, feather or feathers are entangled with animal fiber and are rendered integral by the fusion of a synthetic fiber integrated into the mixture.
- the low melt synthetic fiber is mixed with the lining product to allow glue attachment of the down, feathers and / or feathers to the animal fiber which is longer.
- the present invention provides a filling product based on feathers, feathers and / or duvets which also has a certain coherence, available for example in the form of plates or rolls.
- this product compared to the products described in the aforementioned documents, has the advantage of preserving the properties specific to the feather and down that is to say their insulation power, their property of swelling and the touch of in a general way.
- the invention highlights this product and makes it usable in areas where we seek a high quality of thermal insulation and comfort as in furniture, bedding, car seats for example.
- This product according to the invention is particularly recognizable by the means that allow to give it a shape and volume, better suited to its destination and especially to its implementation in the various industries for which it is intended.
- this filling product consists essentially of feathers and a flexible structure, coherent, in three-dimensional network, which retains and traps said feathers, which structure is made of suitable thermoplastic fibers which are entangled and bound together, and this product results from a method of obtaining detailed below which consists, in a first step, in preparing the fibers by working and then in making an intimate mixture, mechanically, of said fibers and feathers, that is to say of these two products of such a different nature, which mixture is then shaped into a web and then heat treated to perform the welding and / or the bonding of the fibers together.
- the fibers forming this structure consist of bicomponent fibers:
- the component constituting the core is a synthetic fiber made of a material of the stable polymer type at high temperature, that is to say having a softening point high, higher than the temperature of the thermal treatment of the mixture, that is to say 200 ° C for example, the other component on the surface of the fiber, forming a sheath, is made of polymeric material whose softening temperature is less than that of the core, for example between 70 and 180 ° C, to achieve through said heat treatment, a real weld at a point of contact with two of these structural fibers.
- the length of the structural fibers is between 20 and 100 mm with a title of 1 to 25 dtex for example.
- the product may further comprise fibers known as bulk fibers, which have, for example, a crimp, preferably a substantially helical shape, which fibers are either natural, artificial, or synthetic with a temperature of change. a state by degradation or softening which is greater than the solder temperature of the structural fibers, i.e. a temperature close to or greater than that of the core of the structural fibers.
- volume fibers that is to say of crimped fibers, improves the swelling of the product, that is to say its propensity to occupy and maintain a certain volume. Their presence also has the advantage of improving the cohesion of the product because they can also stick on the structural fibers.
- the product according to the invention may also comprise other constituents having one or more particular functions of the anti-bacterial, anti-mite, flame retardant type. These constituents may be specially treated volume fibers or any other complementary fiber or feathers or added particles.
- the filling product consists of feathers, that is to say, feathers, feathers, down, in a proportion of between 10 and 80% by weight, preferably of the order of 30 to 60 % and the complement consists of structural fibers and / or a mixture of structural fibers and complementary fibers, volume fibers or other constituents, in which the structural fibers have a proportion which is, for example, order of 10 to 100% by weight.
- the packing product according to the invention is preferably shaped in the form of a sheet and this sheet may optionally be covered on one of its faces or may be completely wrapped, by means of a coating of non-woven material or a film produced by spraying, which coating may also be of the hot-melt type and it is preferably deposited before the thermal treatment operation of the web so as to weld and / or bond to the structural fibers in particular.
- This coating promotes the retention of feathers and reduces leakage, during cutting operations of the web, near the cutting zone.
- the invention also relates to the general process for producing the filling product detailed previously.
- This process consists in: preparing an intimate and homogeneous mixture comprising feathers, that is to say feathers, feathers, down, and free fibers consisting of at least fibers called structural fibers, - to formulate this mixture in the form of a web and - to effect heat treatment with hot air at a suitable temperature sufficient to weld said structural fibers wherever they are in contact with each other and - to progressively cool the web and its structure , before its conditioning:
- the operation of preparing the mixture of feathers and fibers consists, firstly, in successively depositing on an endless carpet, an appropriate quantity of fibers and then feathers, and to submit this sandwich, to at least a working operation that allows to mix intimately and homogeneously, feathers and fibers before the operation of making the web.
- the fibers before being mixed with the feathers, are subjected to a preliminary operation of working, whether they are structural fibers alone or an assembly consisting of said fibers of structure, complementary fibers, such as bulk fibers or other components having a particular functionality, which fibers and components, as the case may be, are distributed in superposed layers, on an endless carpet, in the form of a sandwich, prior to be subjected to at least one processing operation.
- the method may also consist, before the thermal treatment operation of the web, to protect and envelop said web by means of a coating in the form of a nonwoven or in the form of a film or film, deposited by spraying, which coating produced for example material of the thermoplastic polymer kind may also be able to bind by thermal softening with the structural fibers.
- the invention also relates to the installation for implementing the method detailed above.
- This installation comprises a storage cell of the filling material that is to say, feathers, feathers and down and at least one arrival or storage cell of pre-worked fibers, which cells are arranged to deposit on a carpet without end, a layer of fibers and a layer of feathers, which carpet is disposed upstream of a machine called pre-opening which achieves an intimate and homogeneous mixture consisting of feathers and free fibers, which installation comprises, after said pre-ouvreuse , a lapping machine and, behind this lapping machine, equipment for the heat treatment which makes it possible to perform the welding operation of the structural fibers at each of their points of contact.
- the installation may comprise between the pre-opener and the lapper, one or more machines called pre-opening, which further improve the quality of the feather-fiber mixture, which mixture is then sent into a hopper associated with said lapper.
- the installation also comprises, as necessary, at least one pre-opening machine for the fibers and other possible constituents, which pre-ouvreuse is fed by an endless carpet, which carpet circulates under one or more cells in which are stored the fibers, that is to say the structural fibers and, optionally, the complementary fibers, that is to say the volume fibers and the other constituents or fibers endowed for example with a particular functionality, which fibers are disposed in layers on said endless carpet and the sandwich thus prepared is pre-worked before being mixed with the feathers.
- at least one pre-opening machine for the fibers and other possible constituents which pre-ouvreuse is fed by an endless carpet, which carpet circulates under one or more cells in which are stored the fibers, that is to say the structural fibers and, optionally, the complementary fibers, that is to say the volume fibers and the other constituents or fibers endowed for example with a particular functionality, which fibers are disposed in layers on said endless carpet and the sandwich thus prepared is pre-worked before being mixed with the feathers.
- the installation comprises a volumetric stack type blanking machine and may optionally be followed by a second pneumatic type blanket for example, which pneumatic sheet reinforces and reinforces the random distribution of structural fibers and multiplies the contact points of said fibers between them by jostling their arrangement in the mass of the web-shaped mixture, which has the effect of giving the latter a resistance to the identical deformation in all directions.
- a second pneumatic type blanket for example, which pneumatic sheet reinforces and reinforces the random distribution of structural fibers and multiplies the contact points of said fibers between them by jostling their arrangement in the mass of the web-shaped mixture, which has the effect of giving the latter a resistance to the identical deformation in all directions.
- the installation also comprises means which make it possible to associate a surface coating with the sheet, before the heat treatment, on one or both sides.
- the figure 1 shows a portion of the packing product according to the invention.
- This product consists mainly of feathers 1 which are trapped in a structure formed of fibers 2.
- the fibers 2 are firstly mixed with the feathers 1 and the assembly is then subjected to a heat treatment operation which will cause the assembly of the structural fibers 2, by welding.
- feathers means indifferently feathers, feathers or downs or even a mixture of these different products.
- the proportion of feathers in the filling product is between 10 and 80% by weight, preferably of the order of 30 to 60%.
- the remainder, as detailed below, consists in particular of structural fibers 2.
- a structural fiber 2 is shown figure 2 .
- This fiber is of the two-component type.
- the central component or core 3 consists of a fiber of a polymer material with a high softening point, greater than the temperature of the heat treatment of the feather-fiber mixture, that is to say greater than 200 ° C., for example .
- the other component, on the surface, forms for example a sheath 4 of material of the polymer type as well but whose softening temperature is lower, for example between 70 and 180 ° C; this temperature corresponds to the temperature of the heat treatment of the feather-fiber mixture which will be discussed later.
- the configuration of the structural fibers 2 is preferably a 3-sheath core configuration 4, wherein said sheath is manufactured using a material (polymer) whose melting temperature is lower than that of the core 3.
- this core-sheath configuration of the structural fibers 2 enables said sheaths 4 to merge with one another at each of their point (s) of contact and thus, at the time of cooling said mixture, as many weld points 5 and the constitution of a feather containment structure.
- the length of the fibers of structure 2 is of the order of 2 to 10 cm, for example with a titer of between 1 and 25 dtex.
- These structural fibers 2 are intimately mixed with the feathers and are randomly distributed in the product, as shown figure 1 .
- the structural fibers are free and taking into account their number, they are hereby - in contact with each other. They are also pressed against each other and the connections are made during the heat treatment.
- the temperature of the treatment is such that, as indicated above, a true weld occurs at each point of contact 5 of these fibers 2 with each other, thanks first of all to a softening and a melting of their sheath 4, then a hardening during cooling as detailed further in connection with the figure 8 .
- the heating of the web and its cooling, can cause a feather compaction phenomenon and the product obtained.
- the product does not resume volume until several hours, or even days.
- These fibers 6 are for example crimped and are preferably in the form of a helicoid as illustrated figure 3 . They have a length and a title of the same order as the structural fibers.
- These volume fibers 6 are either natural fibers or artificial or synthetic fibers. Their change of state temperature by degradation or by softening is greater than the welding temperature of the structural fibers 2.
- Natural complementary fibers can be of animal origin (wool, rabbit hair %) or vegetable (kapok ).
- the distribution of the complementary fibers in the packing product is, as for the fibers of structure 2, the most homogeneous possible. They contribute to the cohesion of the product. They can wherever they are in contact with fibers of structure 2 and according to their nature, be glued to the latter during softening of the sheath 4 of these structural fibers 2.
- constituents may also be incorporated in the packing product according to its purpose, such as for example fibers or particles having a particular functionality resulting from flame retardant treatment, anti-bacterial, anti-mite ... etc.
- These treatments can also be applied to the complementary fibers, to the volume fibers 6 or to feathers or other particles.
- the feathers occupy 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 60%, of the filling product.
- the complement is constituted by the fibers of structure 2 and, optionally, the complementary fibers of volume 6 or others.
- the proportion of structural fibers is of the order of 10 to 100% by weight depending on the case and the other fibers from 0 to 90%.
- FIGS 4 and 5 schematically show the sequence of machines called pre-ouvreuses in the installation of mixing fibers and feathers.
- This installation comprises first, as shown figure 4 , a fiber preparation station and in the case of use of mixture, of different kinds of fibers, then it comprises, as shown figure 5 , a mechanical mixing station for fibers and feathers.
- the fiber preparation machine hereinafter referred to as pre-opening machine 9, is a conventional machine of the type used in the field of fiber preparation for the nonwoven fabric.
- the fibers in general, are delivered compacted.
- the pre-ouvreuse 9 makes it possible to unpack the fibers of structure 2 and, as the case may be, the fibers of volume 6 and, optionally, other fibers or complementary constituents, by performing a suitable mixture.
- the pre-ouvreuse 9 is fed by an endless conveyor belt 10 disposed under one or more cells or hoppers.
- a first cell 12 contains fibers of structure 2. This cell 12 is preceded by a cell 13 which contains the volume fibers 6 and other complementary cells 14 can be found in which are stored fibers or other components with various functionalities. as indicated previously.
- Each type of fiber is deposited on the conveyor belt 10 and the layer or layers forming a sandwich are introduced into the pre-ouvreuse by first passing under a compacting drum 15 and then under a roll of drive 16 located above the end of the conveyor belt 10. Then the sandwich is driven by a pair of rollers 17 and is presented to a spike cylinder 18 which sends the fibers through the outlet 19 to the pre-operator 20 the next post.
- This prior separate preparation of the fibers is an important step in the process; it provides a better result in the mixture then carried out between the feathers and said fibers.
- the pre-ouvreuse 20, figure 5 is similar to that of the figure 4 . It is also fed by a conveyor belt 22 which receives, on the one hand, the fibers coming from the exit 19 of the pre-operator 9, and, on the other hand, the feathers or feather mixtures disposed in a cell 23 located downstream. of said outlet 19.
- the fibers and feathers are dosed and are deposited on the conveyor belt 22.
- the carpet 22 first receives a layer of fibers which form a thickness of 5 to 15 cm for example, then a layer of feathers whose thickness can reach 50 to 60 cm.
- This sandwich is introduced by the belt 22 into the pre-ouvreuse 20.
- a drum 15 located at the entrance performs a first compacting of the layers. It is followed by a roll 16 which also presses the sandwich, which roll 16 is disposed above the end of the conveyor belt 22. Then the layers pass between a pair of feed rollers 17 which present the sandwich with the spike cylinder 18.
- the feathers and fibers are intimately mixed homogeneously and sent through the outlet 24 either to another pre-ouvreuse not shown, or to the lapper.
- the fibers and feathers pass from one machine to another by suction and the suction waste is reintroduced into the circuit and recycled through the conduit 21.
- the figure 6 illustrates, in the form of a simple block diagram, the treatment and the shaping of the fiber-feather mixture, to arrive at the product targeted by the invention, that is to say a web that can be handled and for example be packaged in the form of a roll.
- the fiber-feather mixture arrives from the outlet 24 of the pre-ouvreuse 20 and is placed in a buffer cell 25.
- This cell 25 is disposed above a carpet 26, which carpet receives a layer of the fiber mixture and feathers. This layer is deposited in the form of a web 27.
- the cell 25 may comprise a movable wall 29 in the form of an adjustable leaf, to modify the flow rate of the mixture, that is to say the amount of fibers and feathers deposited on the carpet 26.
- the cell 25 acts as a lapper on the diagram of the figure 6 .
- the real tablecloth will be detailed later, figure 7 .
- the heat treatment plant firstly comprises an enclosure 30 for heating and then an enclosure 31 for cooling.
- the enclosure 30 for heating the mixture makes it possible to raise the core temperature to a value sufficient to obtain the softening, melting and welding of the structural fibers 2, at all their points of contact with each other.
- the heating is effected for example by a circulation of hot air in the chamber 30.
- the fiber-feather mixture circulates in the chamber 30 at a speed adapted to the desired result.
- the enclosure 31 for cooling makes it possible to consolidate the weld points of the structural fibers 2 and possibly the points of bonding between the latter and the complementary fibers such as the volume fibers 6.
- the cooling is carried out for example by a circulation of fresh air.
- a spray nozzle 32 makes it possible to deposit on the surface a product which forms a surface coating in the form of a film or a thin adhesive film.
- This coating may also consist of a material of the nonwoven type or of a film stored on a roll 33 to be deposited on the sheet 27 downstream of the cell 25.
- Another roller 34 located upstream of the latter may place this same coating under the sheet, between the latter and the carpet 26.
- the latter can stick or weld to the structural fibers 2 during the heat treatment.
- the sheet 27 forms a real manufactured product, packable in roll form, which can then be worked more easily than loose feathers.
- the figure 7 represents, still schematically but in more detail, a sheet 35 which receives, from the outlet 24 of the pre-ouvreuse 20, the fiber and feather mixture.
- This fiber-feather mixture is conveyed and sent by suction into a hopper 36 which is part of the lapper.
- This hopper 36 carries, at its lower end, a pair of rotors 37 acting as extractors, followed by a rotor 38 which projects the mixture on a conveyor belt 39 located at the bottom of the lapper.
- This conveyor belt 39 which is horizontal, feeds a second conveyor belt 40 which is a sort of elevator belt provided with attachment members to drive the fibers and feathers to the actual sheet, detailed below.
- This elevator belt 40 is associated with its upper part, with a rotor 41 which equalizes the layer carried by the carpet and recycles the fibers and feathers inside the box 42 of the lapper, that is to say in the portion above the conveyor belt 39 feeding.
- the elevator belt 40 sends the feathers and fibers into the actual lapper, which comprises a volumetric chimney 44 consisting of two vertical and parallel plates 45, 46 arranged vis-à-vis; one of the walls is vibrating and the other is located at an adjustable distance from the first.
- the fibers and feathers settle in the chimney 44 and this mixture is organized in the form of a sheet.
- This tablecloth-shaped mixture progresses by simple gravity and is presented to a drive and compaction assembly consisting of two pairs of rollers 47 and 48. These rollers 47 and 48 propel the mixture towards a carpet 49, which belt 49 feeds a second tabletting machine said pneumatic sheet 50.
- This pneumatic sheet 50 comprises, at the end of the conveyor belt 49, a pressure drum 51 followed by a pair of drive roller pairs 52 and 53 which feed a cylinder 54.
- This cylinder 54 recalibrates the sheet which comes from of the first napper. It evolves at a speed that is adjusted according to the speed of advancement of the conveyor belt 49.
- the cylinder 54 drives the web on a perforated belt 55 which is in the form of an endless belt rotating around a suction system 56.
- the web is thus pressed onto the active strand 57 of the perforated belt 55 and is further calibrated by means of a cylinder 58 located downstream of the suction zone, above the active strand 57.
- the suction device 56 makes it possible to stir the mixture and to promote the disorientation of the fibers, in particular the fibers of structure 2, in the thickness of the sheet.
- This disordered distribution of the structural fibers has the effect of giving the finished product an elongation resistance that is comparable regardless of the direction of the load applied to it.
- the sheet is introduced by means of a conveyor belt 59 into the heat treatment equipment 60.
- This equipment 60 comprises two conveyor belts which extend from the inlet to the outlet: - a lower endless conveyor belt 61 and - an endless conveyor belt upper 62.
- the web is guided between these two mats which can compress the mixing and entrainment during the entire treatment process which is carried out first with hot air to bring the tablecloth to an appropriate temperature, then with cold air.
- the equipment thus comprises two zones: a zone 63 which extends from the inlet for the rise in temperature, followed by a zone 64 for the cooling of the ply.
- the speed of the sheet in the furnace may be two m / min for example and the total duration of treatment is of the order of two to three minutes.
- the duration of the heat treatment is established according to the thickness of the sheet to obtain a homogeneous and sufficient temperature in the core of the mixture, so as to cause a softening of the sheaths 4 of the structural fibers 2, then a melting and welding at each point of contact between the fibers 2, with consolidation of these contact points as and when cooling.
- the temperature in the zone 63 is chosen according to the characteristics of the fibers of structure 2; it is for example of the order of 140 ° C.
- the web is packaged in the form of a roll 65 or it is cut by means of a knife 66 and stored in the form of a plate 67 on a carriage 68.
- the width of the web depending on the installation, can be of the order of 2 m or more depending on the needs.
- the web Prior to its introduction into the oven, the web may also be subjected to a dressing operation, that is to say receive a coating of the nonwoven type or in the form of film or film deposited by spraying, as detailed before with the figure 6 .
- This coating made for example of thermoplastic material, may also have a softening point close to that of the envelope 3 of the structural fibers 2 and, in this case, be welded or bonded to said structural fibers during the heat treatment of the tablecloth.
- discs 69 positioned on the conveyor belt 59 at the inlet of the heat treatment equipment 60, for cutting the selvedges at the entrance.
- disk knives 70 may be disposed at the outlet of the heat treatment equipment to cut the edges of the web again to calibrate its width.
- a brush 71 is disposed at the end of the lower belt 61 and a brush 72 is arranged in the same way at the end of the upper belt 62.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un produit de garnissage dont le matériau de base est constitué de plumes ; elle concerne également le procédé d'élaboration de ce produit et l'installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.The present invention relates to a filling product whose base material consists of feathers; it also relates to the process for producing this product and the installation for carrying out the process.
Les produits de garnissage à base de plumes trouvent leur application dans de nombreuses industries du fait de leurs multiples propriétés et qualités.Feathered fillers find their application in many industries because of their multiple properties and qualities.
On les trouve dans l'industrie de la literie, de l'ameublement, de l'habillement, mais ils peuvent également être utilisés pour le rembourrage et/ou l'isolation thermique dans d'autres domaines.They are found in the bedding, upholstery and clothing industry, but they can also be used for upholstery and / or thermal insulation in other areas.
Ce matériau est constitué de plumes mais il est généralement constitué de plumes, qualité plume, plumette et/ou duvet selon les utilisations. Il se présente la plupart du temps en vrac et sa mise en oeuvre n'est pas des plus faciles. Il présente en effet des caractéristiques voisines de celles des matériaux pulvérulents légers, c'est-à-dire qu'il n'a pas de forme et qu'il est très volatil.This material is composed of feathers but it is generally composed of feathers, feather quality, feather and / or down according to the uses. It comes mostly loose and its implementation is not easy. It has characteristics close to those of light powdery materials, that is to say that it has no shape and is very volatile.
Il a déjà été proposé, comme décrit dans les documents
Dans ces documents, il est prévu de lui donner une cohésion en la façonnant sous la forme de panneaux ou nappes au moyen d'un procédé qui consiste à coller les duvets soit par une réaction chimique, soit par l'intermédiaire d'un agent pulvérisé sur le matériau.In these documents, it is intended to give it cohesion by forming it in the form of panels or sheets by means of a process which consists in sticking down the duvets either by a chemical reaction or by means of a pulverized agent. on the material.
Un autre document,
Dans ce dernier document, la fibre synthétique à bas point de fusion est mélangée au produit de garnissage pour permettre une fixation par collage du duvet, plumette et/ou plumes, sur la fibre animale qui est plus longue.In this latter document, the low melt synthetic fiber is mixed with the lining product to allow glue attachment of the down, feathers and / or feathers to the animal fiber which is longer.
La présente invention propose un produit de garnissage à base de plumes, plumettes et/ou duvets qui présente lui aussi une certaine cohérence, disponible par exemple sous forme de plaques ou en rouleaux.The present invention provides a filling product based on feathers, feathers and / or duvets which also has a certain coherence, available for example in the form of plates or rolls.
Mais ce produit, par rapport aux produits décrits dans les documents précités, présente l'avantage de conserver les propriétés propres à la plume et au duvet c'est-à-dire leur pouvoir d'isolation, leur propriété de gonflant et le toucher d'une manière générale.But this product, compared to the products described in the aforementioned documents, has the advantage of preserving the properties specific to the feather and down that is to say their insulation power, their property of swelling and the touch of in a general way.
L'invention met en valeur ce produit et le rend utilisable dans des domaines où l'on recherche une haute qualité d'isolation thermique et de confort comme dans l'ameublement, la literie, les sièges automobiles par exemple.The invention highlights this product and makes it usable in areas where we seek a high quality of thermal insulation and comfort as in furniture, bedding, car seats for example.
Ce produit selon l'invention est notamment reconnaissable par les moyens qui permettent de lui donner une forme et un volume, mieux adapté à sa destination et surtout à sa mise en oeuvre dans les différentes industries auxquelles il est destiné.This product according to the invention is particularly recognizable by the means that allow to give it a shape and volume, better suited to its destination and especially to its implementation in the various industries for which it is intended.
Selon l'invention, ce produit de garnissage est essentiellement constitué de plumes et d'une structure souple, cohérente, en réseau tridimensionnel, qui retient et emprisonne lesdites plumes, laquelle structure est constituée de fibres thermoplastiques appropriées qui sont enchevêtrées et liées entre elles, et ce produit découle d'un procédé d'obtention détaillé plus loin qui consiste, dans un premier temps, à préparer les fibres par ouvraison puis à réaliser un mélange intime, par voie mécanique desdites fibres et plumes c'est-à-dire de ces deux produits de nature si différente, lequel mélange est ensuite façonné sous forme de nappe puis traité thermiquement pour réaliser la soudure et/ou le collage des fibres entre elles.According to the invention, this filling product consists essentially of feathers and a flexible structure, coherent, in three-dimensional network, which retains and traps said feathers, which structure is made of suitable thermoplastic fibers which are entangled and bound together, and this product results from a method of obtaining detailed below which consists, in a first step, in preparing the fibers by working and then in making an intimate mixture, mechanically, of said fibers and feathers, that is to say of these two products of such a different nature, which mixture is then shaped into a web and then heat treated to perform the welding and / or the bonding of the fibers together.
Selon une disposition préférentielle, les fibres formant cette structure sont constituées de fibres bi-composants : le composant constituant l'âme est une fibre synthétique en matériau du genre polymère stable à haute température, c'est-à-dire ayant un point de ramollissement élevé, supérieur à la température du traitement thermique du mélange, c'est-à-dire 200°C par exemple, l'autre composant en surface de la fibre, formant une gaine, est en matériau du genre polymère dont la température de ramollissement est inférieure à celle de l'âme, comprise par exemple entre 70 et 180°C, permettant de réaliser grâce audit traitement thermique, une véritable soudure au niveau d'un point de contact de deux de ces fibres de structure.According to a preferred arrangement, the fibers forming this structure consist of bicomponent fibers: the component constituting the core is a synthetic fiber made of a material of the stable polymer type at high temperature, that is to say having a softening point high, higher than the temperature of the thermal treatment of the mixture, that is to say 200 ° C for example, the other component on the surface of the fiber, forming a sheath, is made of polymeric material whose softening temperature is less than that of the core, for example between 70 and 180 ° C, to achieve through said heat treatment, a real weld at a point of contact with two of these structural fibers.
Toujours selon l'invention, la longueur des fibres de structure est comprise entre 20 et 100 mm avec un titre de 1 à 25 dtex par exemple.Still according to the invention, the length of the structural fibers is between 20 and 100 mm with a title of 1 to 25 dtex for example.
Les propriétés de ce produit de garnissage basique c'est-à-dire comprenant simplement un mélange de plumes et de fibres de structure, peuvent aussi être modifiées par l'adjonction de fibres complémentaires. Ainsi, selon l'invention le produit peut comprendre en plus, des fibres dites fibres de volume, qui présentent par exemple une frisure, de préférence une forme sensiblement hélicoïdale, lesquelles fibres sont soit naturelles, artificielles, ou synthétiques avec une température de changement d'état par dégradation ou par ramollissement qui est supérieure à la température de soudure des fibres de structure, c'est-à-dire une température voisine ou supérieure à celle de l'âme des fibres de structure.The properties of this basic packing product, that is to say simply comprising a mixture of feathers and structural fibers, can also be modified by the addition of complementary fibers. Thus, according to the invention, the product may further comprise fibers known as bulk fibers, which have, for example, a crimp, preferably a substantially helical shape, which fibers are either natural, artificial, or synthetic with a temperature of change. a state by degradation or softening which is greater than the solder temperature of the structural fibers, i.e. a temperature close to or greater than that of the core of the structural fibers.
L'adjonction de fibres de volume c'est-à-dire de fibres frisées, améliore le caractère gonflant du produit, c'est-à-dire sa propension à occuper et à conserver un certain volume. Leur présence présente aussi l'avantage d'améliorer la cohésion du produit car elles peuvent aussi se coller sur les fibres de structure.The addition of volume fibers, that is to say of crimped fibers, improves the swelling of the product, that is to say its propensity to occupy and maintain a certain volume. Their presence also has the advantage of improving the cohesion of the product because they can also stick on the structural fibers.
Le produit selon l'invention peut encore comporter d'autres constituants dotés d'une ou plusieurs fonctionnalités particulières du type anti-bactérien, anti-acarien, retardateur de flammes. Ces constituants peuvent être les fibres de volume spécialement traitées ou toute autre fibre complémentaire ou encore des plumes ou des particules ajoutées.The product according to the invention may also comprise other constituents having one or more particular functions of the anti-bacterial, anti-mite, flame retardant type. These constituents may be specially treated volume fibers or any other complementary fiber or feathers or added particles.
Toujours selon l'invention, le produit de garnissage est constitué de plumes, c'est-à-dire plumes, plumettes, duvets, dans une proportion comprise entre 10 et 80 % en poids, de préférence de l'ordre de 30 à 60 % et le complément est constitué de fibres de structures et/ou d'un mélange de fibres de structure et de fibres complémentaires, fibres de volume ou autres constituants, dans lequel complément les fibres de structure ont une proportion qui est par exemple de l'ordre de 10 à 100 % en poids.Still according to the invention, the filling product consists of feathers, that is to say, feathers, feathers, down, in a proportion of between 10 and 80% by weight, preferably of the order of 30 to 60 % and the complement consists of structural fibers and / or a mixture of structural fibers and complementary fibers, volume fibers or other constituents, in which the structural fibers have a proportion which is, for example, order of 10 to 100% by weight.
Le produit de garnissage selon l'invention est de préférence façonné sous forme de nappe et cette nappe peut éventuellement être recouverte sur l'une de ses faces ou être carrément enveloppée, au moyen d'un revêtement en matériau du type non-tissé ou d'un film réalisé par pulvérisation, lequel revêtement peut aussi être du type thermofusible et il est de préférence déposé avant l'opération de traitement thermique de la nappe de façon à se souder et/ou se coller aux fibres de structure notamment.The packing product according to the invention is preferably shaped in the form of a sheet and this sheet may optionally be covered on one of its faces or may be completely wrapped, by means of a coating of non-woven material or a film produced by spraying, which coating may also be of the hot-melt type and it is preferably deposited before the thermal treatment operation of the web so as to weld and / or bond to the structural fibers in particular.
Ce revêtement favorise la retenue des plumes et réduit les fuites, lors des opérations de découpe de la nappe, à proximité de la zone de découpage.This coating promotes the retention of feathers and reduces leakage, during cutting operations of the web, near the cutting zone.
L'invention concerne également le procédé général d'élaboration du produit de garnissage détaillé auparavant. Ce procédé consiste - à préparer un mélange intime et homogène comprenant des plumes c'est-à-dire de plumes, plumettes, duvets, et des fibres libres constituées au moins de fibres dites fibres de structure, - à conformer ce mélange sous la forme d'une nappe et, - à effectuer un traitement thermique avec de l'air chaud, à une température appropriée, suffisante pour souder lesdites fibres de structure partout où elles sont en contact entre elles et, - à refroidir progressivement la nappe et sa structure, avant son conditionnement:The invention also relates to the general process for producing the filling product detailed previously. This process consists in: preparing an intimate and homogeneous mixture comprising feathers, that is to say feathers, feathers, down, and free fibers consisting of at least fibers called structural fibers, - to formulate this mixture in the form of a web and - to effect heat treatment with hot air at a suitable temperature sufficient to weld said structural fibers wherever they are in contact with each other and - to progressively cool the web and its structure , before its conditioning:
Toujours selon l'invention, l'opération de préparation du mélange de plumes et de fibres consiste, dans un premier temps, à déposer successivement sur un tapis sans fin, une quantité appropriée de fibres puis de plumes, et à soumettre ce sandwich, à au moins une opération d'ouvraison qui permet de mélanger intimement et de façon homogène, plumes et fibres avant l'opération de confection de la nappe.Still according to the invention, the operation of preparing the mixture of feathers and fibers consists, firstly, in successively depositing on an endless carpet, an appropriate quantity of fibers and then feathers, and to submit this sandwich, to at least a working operation that allows to mix intimately and homogeneously, feathers and fibers before the operation of making the web.
Toujours selon l'invention, avant d'être mélangées avec les plumes, les fibres sont soumises à une opération préalable d'ouvraison, qu'il s'agisse des fibres de structure seules ou d'un ensemble constitué desdites fibres de structure, de fibres complémentaires, comme les fibres de volume ou d'autres constituants ayant une fonctionnalité particulière, lesquelles fibres et constituants, selon le cas, sont répartis par couches superposées, sur un tapis sans fin, sous la forme d'un sandwich, avant d'être soumises à au moins une opération d'ouvraison.Still according to the invention, before being mixed with the feathers, the fibers are subjected to a preliminary operation of working, whether they are structural fibers alone or an assembly consisting of said fibers of structure, complementary fibers, such as bulk fibers or other components having a particular functionality, which fibers and components, as the case may be, are distributed in superposed layers, on an endless carpet, in the form of a sandwich, prior to be subjected to at least one processing operation.
Le procédé peut également consister, avant l'opération de traitement thermique de la nappe, à protéger et envelopper ladite nappe au moyen d'un revêtement en forme de non-tissé ou en forme de film ou pellicule, déposé par pulvérisation, lequel revêtement réalisé par exemple en matériau du genre polymère thermoplastique peut également être apte à se lier par ramollissement thermique avec les fibres de structure.The method may also consist, before the thermal treatment operation of the web, to protect and envelop said web by means of a coating in the form of a nonwoven or in the form of a film or film, deposited by spraying, which coating produced for example material of the thermoplastic polymer kind may also be able to bind by thermal softening with the structural fibers.
L'invention concerne également l'installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé détaillé précédemment. Cette installation comprend une cellule de stockage du matériau de garnissage c'est-à-dire des plumes, plumettes et duvets et, au moins une arrivée ou cellule de stockage de fibres pré-ouvrées, lesquelles cellules sont aménagées pour déposer sur un tapis sans fin, une couche de fibres puis une couche de plumes, lequel tapis est disposé en amont d'une machine dénommée pré-ouvreuse qui réalise un mélange intime et homogène constitué de plumes et de fibres libres, laquelle installation comprend, après ladite pré-ouvreuse, une nappeuse et, derrière cette nappeuse, un équipement pour le traitement thermique qui permet de réaliser l'opération de soudure des fibres de structure au niveau de chacun de leurs points de contact.The invention also relates to the installation for implementing the method detailed above. This installation comprises a storage cell of the filling material that is to say, feathers, feathers and down and at least one arrival or storage cell of pre-worked fibers, which cells are arranged to deposit on a carpet without end, a layer of fibers and a layer of feathers, which carpet is disposed upstream of a machine called pre-opening which achieves an intimate and homogeneous mixture consisting of feathers and free fibers, which installation comprises, after said pre-ouvreuse , a lapping machine and, behind this lapping machine, equipment for the heat treatment which makes it possible to perform the welding operation of the structural fibers at each of their points of contact.
L'installation peut comporter entre la pré-ouvreuse et la nappeuse, une ou plusieurs machines dénommées pré-ouvreuses, qui améliorent encore la qualité du mélange plumes-fibres, lequel mélange est expédié ensuite dans une trémie associée à ladite nappeuse.The installation may comprise between the pre-opener and the lapper, one or more machines called pre-opening, which further improve the quality of the feather-fiber mixture, which mixture is then sent into a hopper associated with said lapper.
L'installation comprend aussi, selon les nécessités, au moins une machine pré-ouvreuse pour les fibres et autres constituants éventuels, laquelle pré-ouvreuse est alimentée par un tapis sans fin, lequel tapis circule sous une ou plusieurs cellules dans lesquelles sont stockées les fibres c'est-à-dire les fibres de structure et, éventuellement, les fibres complémentaires c'est-à-dire les fibres de volume et les autres constituants ou fibres dotées par exemple d'une fonctionnalité particulière, lesquelles fibres sont disposées par couches sur ledit tapis sans fin et le sandwich ainsi préparé fait l'objet d'une pré-ouvraison avant d'être mélangé avec les plumes.The installation also comprises, as necessary, at least one pre-opening machine for the fibers and other possible constituents, which pre-ouvreuse is fed by an endless carpet, which carpet circulates under one or more cells in which are stored the fibers, that is to say the structural fibers and, optionally, the complementary fibers, that is to say the volume fibers and the other constituents or fibers endowed for example with a particular functionality, which fibers are disposed in layers on said endless carpet and the sandwich thus prepared is pre-worked before being mixed with the feathers.
L'installation comporte une nappeuse du type à cheminée volumétrique et peut éventuellement être suivie d'une seconde nappeuse du type pneumatique par exemple, laquelle nappeuse pneumatique conforte et renforce la répartition aléatoire des fibres de structure et multiplie les points de contact desdites fibres entre elles, en bousculant leur arrangement dans la masse du mélange en forme de nappe, ce qui a pour effet de donner à cette dernière une résistance à la déformation identique dans toutes les directions.The installation comprises a volumetric stack type blanking machine and may optionally be followed by a second pneumatic type blanket for example, which pneumatic sheet reinforces and reinforces the random distribution of structural fibers and multiplies the contact points of said fibers between them by jostling their arrangement in the mass of the web-shaped mixture, which has the effect of giving the latter a resistance to the identical deformation in all directions.
L'installation comporte aussi des moyens qui permettent d'associer un revêtement superficiel à la nappe, avant le traitement thermique, sur une ou sur les deux faces.The installation also comprises means which make it possible to associate a surface coating with the sheet, before the heat treatment, on one or both sides.
L'invention sera encore détaillée à l'aide de la description suivante et des dessins annexés donnés à titre indicatif, et dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 représente schématiquement une portion du produit de garnissage selon l'invention ; - la
figure 2 représente une fibre de structure ; - la
figure 3 représente une fibre dite fibre de volume ; - la
figure 4 représente schématiquement une pré-ouvreuse pour les fibres ; - la
figure 5 représente schématiquement la pré-ouvreuse du mélange fibres-plumes - la
figure 6 représente globalement et schématiquement les différentes étapes du traitement et du façonnage du mélange fibres-plumes ; - la
figure 7 représente d'une façon plus détaillée et schématiquement une nappeuse comprenant une nappeuse verticale et une nappeuse pneumatique ; - la
figure 8 représente d'une façon plus détaillée quefigure 6 , l'équipement de traitement thermique de la nappe, suivi du poste de conditionnement.
- the
figure 1 schematically represents a portion of the packing product according to the invention; - the
figure 2 represents a structural fiber; - the
figure 3 represents a fiber called volume fiber; - the
figure 4 schematically represents a pre-ouvreuse for the fibers; - the
figure 5 schematically represents the pre-opener of the fiber-feather mixture - the
figure 6 represents globally and schematically the different stages of processing and shaping of the fiber-feather mixture; - the
figure 7 shows in more detail and schematically a sheet comprising a vertical sheet and a pneumatic sheet; - the
figure 8 represents in more detail thanfigure 6 , the thermal treatment equipment of the sheet, followed by the packaging station.
La
Comme détaillé ci-après, les fibres 2 sont tout d'abord mélangées aux plumes 1 et l'ensemble est ensuite soumis à une opération de traitement thermique qui va provoquer l'assemblage des fibres de structure 2, par soudure.As detailed below, the
Le terme plumes désigne indifféremment des plumes, plumettes ou duvets ou même un mélange de ces différents produits. La proportion de plumes dans le produit de garnissage est comprise entre 10 et 80 % en poids, de préférence de l'ordre de 30 à 60 %. Le reste, comme détaillé plus loin est notamment constitué des fibres de structure 2.The term "feathers" means indifferently feathers, feathers or downs or even a mixture of these different products. The proportion of feathers in the filling product is between 10 and 80% by weight, preferably of the order of 30 to 60%. The remainder, as detailed below, consists in particular of
Une fibre de structure 2 est représentée
Cette particularité des fibres de structure 2 d'être constituées de deux composants polymères permet d'obtenir une soudure de fibre à fibre par l'un des composants tandis que l'autre conserve son intégrité et apporte ses caractéristiques techniques au produit.This particularity of the
La configuration des fibres de structure 2 est de préférence une configuration âme 3-gaine 4, où ladite gaine est fabriquée à l'aide d'un matériau (polymère) dont la température de fusion est plus faible que celle de l'âme 3.The configuration of the
Lors de l'opération de traitement thermique du mélange fibres-plumes, cette configuration âme-gaine des fibres de structure 2 permet auxdites gaines 4 de fusionner entre elles au niveau de chacun de leur(s) point(s) de contact et il se forme ainsi, au moment du refroidissement dudit mélange, autant de points de soudure 5 et la constitution d'une structure de contention des plumes.During the heat treatment operation of the fiber-feather mixture, this core-sheath configuration of the
La longueur des fibres de structure 2 est de l'ordre de 2 à 10 cm par exemple avec un titre compris entre 1 et 25 dtex.The length of the fibers of
Ces fibres de structure 2 sont mélangées intimement avec les plumes et sont réparties de façon aléatoire dans le produit, comme représenté
Ces multiples liaisons entre les fibres de structure 2 forment intrinsèquement, dans le produit représenté
Le chauffage de la nappe puis son refroidissement, peuvent provoquer un phénomène de compactage des plumes et du produit obtenu. Le produit ne reprend du volume qu'après plusieurs heures, voire plusieurs jours.The heating of the web and its cooling, can cause a feather compaction phenomenon and the product obtained. The product does not resume volume until several hours, or even days.
Cette rétraction lors de l'opération de traitement thermique, peut être contrariée et réduite, voire supprimée, par l'adjonction de fibres complémentaires dans le mélange fibres 2-plumes 1, comme représenté
Ces fibres 6 sont par exemple frisées et se présentent de préférence sous la forme d'une hélicoïde comme illustré
Ces fibres de volume 6 sont soit des fibres naturelles, soit des fibres artificielles ou synthétiques. Leur température de changement d'état par dégradation ou par ramollissement est supérieure à la température de soudure des fibres de structure 2.These
Les fibres complémentaires naturelles peuvent être d'origine animale (laine, poils de lapin ...) ou végétale (kapok ...).Natural complementary fibers can be of animal origin (wool, rabbit hair ...) or vegetable (kapok ...).
La répartition des fibres complémentaires dans le produit de garnissage est, comme pour les fibres de structure 2, la plus homogène possible. Elles participent à la cohésion du produit. Elles peuvent partout où elles sont en contact avec des fibres de structure 2 et selon leur nature, être collées à ces dernières lors du ramollissement de la gaine 4 de ces fibres de structure 2.The distribution of the complementary fibers in the packing product is, as for the fibers of
D'autres constituants, non représentés, peuvent également être incorporés dans le produit de garnissage en fonction de sa destination, comme par exemple des fibres ou particules ayant une fonctionnalité particulière découlant d'un traitement retardateur de flammes, anti-bactérien, anti-acarien ... etc.Other constituents, not shown, may also be incorporated in the packing product according to its purpose, such as for example fibers or particles having a particular functionality resulting from flame retardant treatment, anti-bacterial, anti-mite ... etc.
Ces traitements peuvent aussi être appliqués sur les fibres complémentaires, sur les fibres de volume 6 ou sur des plumes ou sur d'autres particules.These treatments can also be applied to the complementary fibers, to the
Comme indiqué précédemment, les plumes occupent 10 à 80 % en poids, de préférence 30 à 60 %, du produit de garnissage. Le complément est constitué par les fibres de structure 2 et, éventuellement, les fibres complémentaires de volume 6 ou autres. Dans ce complément, la proportion de fibres de structure est de l'ordre de 10 à 100 % en poids selon le cas et les autres fibres de 0 à 90 %.As indicated above, the feathers occupy 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 60%, of the filling product. The complement is constituted by the fibers of
Les
Cette installation comprend tout d'abord, comme représenté
La machine de préparation des fibres, dénommée par la suite pré-ouvreuse 9, est une machine classique du type de celles utilisées dans le domaine de la préparation des fibres pour le non-tissé.The fiber preparation machine, hereinafter referred to as
Les fibres, d'une manière générale, sont livrées compactées. La pré-ouvreuse 9 permet de décompacter les fibres de structure 2 et, selon le cas, les fibres de volume 6 et, éventuellement, d'autres fibres ou constituants complémentaires, en réalisant un mélange approprié.The fibers, in general, are delivered compacted. The
La pré-ouvreuse 9 est alimentée par un tapis convoyeur sans fin 10 disposé sous une ou plusieurs cellules ou trémies. Un première cellule 12 contient des fibres de structure 2. Cette cellule 12 est précédée d'une cellule 13 qui contient les fibres de volume 6 et on peut trouver d'autres cellules complémentaires 14 dans lesquelles sont stockées des fibres ou autres constituants à fonctionnalités diverses comme indiqué précédemment.The
Chaque type de fibres selon le cas, est déposé sur le tapis convoyeur 10 et la ou les couches formant un sandwich, sont introduites dans la pré-ouvreuse en passant tout d'abord sous un tambour de compactage 15, puis sous un rouleau d'entraînement 16 situé au-dessus de l'extrémité du tapis convoyeur 10. Ensuite le sandwich est entraîné par une paire de rouleaux 17 et il est présenté à un cylindre à pointes 18 qui expédie les fibres par la sortie 19 vers la pré-ouvreuse 20 du poste suivant.Each type of fiber, as the case may be, is deposited on the
Il est également possible de connecter un conduit 21 sur la sortie 19 pour introduire dans le circuit des matériaux à recycler comme par exemple de la matière première ou des chutes issues de la chaîne de fabrication ou même pour introduire des retours des chutes provenant de la clientèle.It is also possible to connect a
Cette préparation préalable séparée des fibres est une étape importante du procédé ; elle procure un meilleur résultat au niveau du mélange effectué ensuite entre les plumes et lesdites fibres.This prior separate preparation of the fibers is an important step in the process; it provides a better result in the mixture then carried out between the feathers and said fibers.
La pré-ouvreuse 20,
Les fibres et plumes sont dosées et sont déposées sur le tapis convoyeur 22. Le tapis 22 reçoit tout d'abord une couche de fibres qui forment une épaisseur de 5 à 15 cm par exemple, puis une couche de plumes dont l'épaisseur peut atteindre 50 à 60 cm. Ce sandwich est introduit par le tapis 22 dans la pré-ouvreuse 20. Un tambour 15 situé à l'entrée, effectue un premier compactage des couches. Il est suivi d'un rouleau 16 qui presse également le sandwich, lequel rouleau 16 est disposé au-dessus de l'extrémité du tapis convoyeur 22. Ensuite les couches passent entre une paire de rouleaux ameneurs 17 qui présentent le sandwich au cylindre à pointes 18.The fibers and feathers are dosed and are deposited on the
Les plumes et fibres sont intimement mélangées de façon homogène et expédiées par la sortie 24 soit vers une autre pré-ouvreuse non représentée, soit vers la nappeuse.The feathers and fibers are intimately mixed homogeneously and sent through the
Les fibres et plumes transitent d'une machine à l'autre par aspiration et les déchets d'aspiration sont réintroduits dans le circuit et recyclés par le conduit 21.The fibers and feathers pass from one machine to another by suction and the suction waste is reintroduced into the circuit and recycled through the
La
Le mélange fibres-plumes arrive de la sortie 24 de la pré-ouvreuse 20 et il est placé dans une cellule tampon 25. Cette cellule 25 est disposée au-dessus d'un tapis 26, lequel tapis reçoit une couche du mélange constitué de fibres et plumes. Cette couche est déposée sous la forme d'une nappe 27. Un système de pesée en continu, au moyen d'une balance 28 disposée sous le brin supérieur du tapis 26, permet de régler l'épaisseur de la nappe 27. La cellule 25 peut comporter une paroi mobile 29 en forme de battant réglable, pour modifier le débit du mélange, c'est-à-dire la quantité de fibres et plumes déposées sur le tapis 26.The fiber-feather mixture arrives from the
La cellule 25 fait office de nappeuse sur le schéma de la
A la suite de la cellule 25 qui fait office de nappeuse, on trouve l'installation de traitement thermique du mélange plumes-fibres, déposé sous forme de nappe sur le tapis 26.Following the
L'installation de traitement thermique comprend tout d'abord une enceinte 30 pour le chauffage puis une enceinte 31 pour le refroidissement.The heat treatment plant firstly comprises an
L'enceinte 30 pour le chauffage du mélange permet de porter la température à coeur à une valeur suffisante pour obtenir le ramollissement, la fusion et la soudure des fibres de structure 2, au niveau de tous leurs points de contact entre elles.The
Le chauffage s'effectue par exemple par une circulation d'air chaud dans l'enceinte 30. Le mélange fibres-plumes circule dans l'enceinte 30 à une vitesse adaptée au résultat souhaité.The heating is effected for example by a circulation of hot air in the
L'enceinte 31 pour le refroidissement permet de consolider les points de soudure des fibres de structure 2 et éventuellement les points de collage entre ces dernières et les fibres complémentaires comme les fibres de volume 6.The
Le refroidissement s'effectue par exemple par une circulation d'air frais.The cooling is carried out for example by a circulation of fresh air.
Toujours
Une buse de pulvérisation 32 permet par exemple de déposer en surface un produit qui forme un revêtement superficiel en forme de film ou de fine pellicule de collage.For example, a
Ce revêtement peut aussi être constitué d'un matériau du type non-tissé ou d'un film stocké sur un rouleau 33 pour être déposé sur la nappe 27 en aval de la cellule 25. Un autre rouleau 34 situé en amont de cette dernière peut placer ce même revêtement sous la nappe, entre cette dernière et le tapis 26.This coating may also consist of a material of the nonwoven type or of a film stored on a
En utilisant un revêtement thermofusible, ce dernier peut se coller ou se souder aux fibres de structure 2 lors du traitement thermique.By using a hot-melt coating, the latter can stick or weld to the
A la sortie de l'enceinte 32, la nappe 27 forme un véritable produit manufacturé, conditionnable sous forme de rouleau, susceptible ensuite d'être travaillé plus facilement que des plumes en vrac.At the outlet of the
La
Ce mélange fibres-plumes est véhiculé et expédié par aspiration dans une trémie 36 qui fait partie de la nappeuse. Cette trémie 36 porte, à son extrémité inférieure, un couple de rotors 37 faisant office d'extracteurs, suivis d'un rotor 38 qui projette le mélange sur un tapis convoyeur 39 situé à la partie inférieure de la nappeuse.This fiber-feather mixture is conveyed and sent by suction into a
Ce tapis convoyeur 39, qui est horizontal, alimente un second tapis convoyeur 40 qui constitue une sorte de tapis élévateur muni d'organes d'accrochage pour entraîner les fibres et plumes vers la nappeuse proprement dite, détaillée ci-après.This
Ce tapis élévateur 40 est associé à sa partie supérieure, à un rotor 41 qui égalise la couche emmenée par ledit tapis et recycle les fibres et plumes à l'intérieur du caisson 42 de la nappeuse, c'est-à-dire dans la partie située au-dessus du tapis convoyeur 39 d'alimentation.This
Le tapis élévateur 40 expédie les plumes et fibres dans la nappeuse proprement dite, qui comprend une cheminée volumétrique 44 constituée de deux plaques verticales et parallèles 45, 46 disposées en vis-à-vis ; l'une des parois est vibrante et l'autre est située à une distance réglable de la première. Les fibres et plumes se tassent dans la cheminée 44 et ce mélange s'organise sous la forme d'une nappe.The
Ce mélange en forme de nappe progresse par simple gravité et se présente à un ensemble d'entraînement et de compactage constitué de deux couples de rouleaux 47 et 48. Ces rouleaux 47 et 48 propulsent le mélange vers un tapis 49, lequel tapis 49 alimente une seconde nappeuse dite nappeuse pneumatique 50.This tablecloth-shaped mixture progresses by simple gravity and is presented to a drive and compaction assembly consisting of two pairs of
Cette nappeuse pneumatique 50 comprend, à l'extrémité du tapis convoyeur 49, un tambour presseur 51 suivi d'une paire de couples de rouleaux d'entraînement 52 et 53 qui alimentent un cylindre 54. Ce cylindre 54 permet de recalibrer la nappe qui provient de la première nappeuse. Il évolue à une vitesse qui est réglée en fonction de la vitesse d'avancement du tapis transporteur 49.This
Le cylindre 54 entraîne la nappe sur un tapis perforé 55 qui se présente sous la forme d'une bande sans fin tournant autour d'un système d'aspiration 56. La nappe est ainsi plaquée sur le brin actif 57 du tapis perforé 55 et elle est en plus calibrée au moyen d'un cylindre 58 situé en aval de la zone d'aspiration, au-dessus du brin actif 57.The
Le dispositif d'aspiration 56 permet de provoquer une agitation du mélange et de favoriser la désorientation des fibres, notamment des fibres de structure 2, dans l'épaisseur de la nappe.The
Cette répartition désordonnée des fibres de structure a pour effet de donner au produit fini, une résistance à l'allongement qui est comparable quelle que soit la direction de la charge qui lui est appliquée.This disordered distribution of the structural fibers has the effect of giving the finished product an elongation resistance that is comparable regardless of the direction of the load applied to it.
En sortie de la nappeuse pneumatique 50, la nappe est introduite au moyen d'un tapis convoyeur 59, dans l'équipement de traitement thermique 60.At the outlet of the
Cet équipement 60 comprend deux tapis convoyeurs qui s'étendent de l'entrée à la sortie :- un tapis convoyeur sans fin inférieur 61 et - un tapis convoyeur sans fin supérieur 62. La nappe est guidée entre ces deux tapis qui permettent de comprimer le mélange et de l'entraîner pendant toute l'opération de traitement qui s'effectue d'abord avec de l'air chaud pour porter la nappe à une température appropriée, puis avec de l'air froid.This
L'équipement comprend donc deux zones : une zone 63 qui s'étend depuis l'entrée pour la montée en température, suivie d'une zone 64 pour le refroidissement de la nappe.The equipment thus comprises two zones: a
La vitesse de la nappe dans le four peut être de deux m/mn par exemple et la durée totale du traitement est de l'ordre de deux à trois minutes environ.The speed of the sheet in the furnace may be two m / min for example and the total duration of treatment is of the order of two to three minutes.
La durée du traitement thermique est établie en fonction de l'épaisseur de la nappe pour obtenir une température homogène et suffisante au coeur du mélange, de façon à provoquer un ramollissement des gaines 4 des fibres de structure 2, puis une fusion et soudure à chaque point de contact entre les fibres 2, avec consolidation de ces points de contact au fur et à mesure du refroidissement.The duration of the heat treatment is established according to the thickness of the sheet to obtain a homogeneous and sufficient temperature in the core of the mixture, so as to cause a softening of the sheaths 4 of the
La température dans la zone 63 est choisie en fonction des caractéristiques des fibres de structure 2 ; elle est par exemple de l'ordre de 140°C.The temperature in the
A la sortie de l'équipement 60, la nappe est conditionnée sous la forme d'un rouleau 65 ou bien elle est sectionnée au moyen d'un couteau 66 et stockée sous forme de plaque 67 sur un chariot 68. La largeur de la nappe, selon l'installation, peut être de l'ordre de 2 m ou plus selon les besoins.At the outlet of the
Préalablement à son introduction dans le four, la nappe peut également être soumise à une opération d'habillage, c'est-à-dire recevoir un revêtement du genre non-tissé ou en forme de film ou pellicule déposé par pulvérisation, comme détaillé auparavant avec la
Ce revêtement, réalisé par exemple en matériau thermoplastique, peut également avoir un point de ramollissement proche de celui de l'enveloppe 3 des fibres de structure 2 et, dans ce cas, être soudée ou collée auxdites fibres de structure lors du traitement thermique de la nappe.This coating, made for example of thermoplastic material, may also have a softening point close to that of the
Pour obtenir un bon calibrage de la nappe, on peut prévoir comme montré
Toujours
Une brosse 71 est disposée à l'extrémité du tapis inférieur 61 et une brosse 72 est disposée de la même façon à l'extrémité du tapis supérieur 62.A
Les déchets provenant des disques de découpe 69, 70 des lisières et ceux provenant des brosses 71 et 72, sont réinjectés dans le circuit, en amont de la pré-ouvreuse 20 au moyen du conduit 21 comme indiqué précédemment.The waste coming from the cutting
Claims (15)
- A feather-based padding product, characterised in that it is made of a homogenous mixture of feathers and of thermoplastic fibres, which thermoplastic fibres are interwoven and bound together to form a flexible and coherent structure as a three-dimensional network, which retains and traps said feathers.
- A padding product according to claim 1, characterised in that the structural fibres (2) are of the two-component type: a component forming a core (3) made of a material of polymer type with high softening point above to 200°C for instance, and an associated component, forming a sheath (4), made of a material of polymer type whereof the softening temperature is lower than that of the core (3), ranging for instance between 70 and 180°C, which sheath enables thanks to a suitable thermal treatment, to weld these structural fibres together, at each of their contact points.
- A padding product according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the length of the structural fibres (2) ranges between 20 and 100 mm, with a titration of 1 to 25 dtex for instance.
- A padding product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it comprises fibres (6), so-called volume fibres, which exhibit a curling, which fibres are made of the material whereof the softening temperature is close to or greater than that of the core (3) of the structural fibres (2).
- A padding product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that it comprises components in the form of particules and/or fibres and/or feathers provided with particular functionalities according to the considering use resulting of anti-bacterial, anti-acarian, flame retardant type, treatment, etc...
- A padding product according to claim 5, characterised in that it comprises feathers in a proportion ranging between 10 and 80 % in weight, preferably of the order of 30 to 60 %, and the complement consists of structural fibres (2) and/or of a mixture of structural fibres and of complementary fibres (volume fibres (6) or other constituents), in which complement said structural fibres (2) have a proportion which is of the order of 10 to 100 % by weight.
- A padding product according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it is made into the form of a web, which web comprises on one or the other of its faces or both, a coating consisting of a material of non-woven type or of a sprayed-on film, which coating, made for instance of a material of thermomeltable type, may be positioned before the thermal treatment operation of the web to be bonded or glued to the structural fibres (2).
- A method of preparation of the padding product according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it consists: - in preparing an intimate and homogeneous mixture comprising feathers and free fibres, interwoven, composed at least of fibres, so-called structural fibres (2), - in making this mixture into the form of a web and, - in performing a thermal treatment with hot air at a suitable temperature, sufficient to bound said structural fibres (2) wherever they are in contact to one another and, - in cooling the web and its structure gradually, before conditioning.
- A method of preparation of the padding product according to claim 8, characterised in that the preparation of the mixture of feathers and of fibres consists, in a first step, in depositing successively, on an endless conveyor belt (22), a suitable quantity of fibres, then of feathers, and in subjecting this sandwich to at least a processing forming operation which enables to mix intimately and in a homogeneous fashion, feathers and fibres before making the web.
- A method of preparation of the padding product according to claim 9, characterised in that the fibres are subject to a prior processing forming operation, regardless whether structural fibres (2) on their own or an assembly composed of said structural fibres and of complementary fibres such as volume fibres (6) or other constituents having a particular functionality, which fibres and constituents as the case may be, are distributed by layers superimposed on an endless conveyor belt (10) forming a sandwich, which sandwich is subject to at least a processing forming operation.
- A method of preparation of the padding product according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that it consists, before the thermal treatment operation of the web, in protecting and enveloping said web by means of a coating in the form of a non-woven fabric or by means of a sprayed-on film, which coating made of the thermoplastic material, may be bound by thermal softening with the structural fibres for instance.
- An installation for the implementation of the method of preparation of the padding product according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it comprises a cell or hopper (23) for storing the padding material, i.e. feathers (1), and at least a cell or fitting (19) of fibres containing at least structural fibres (2) after pre-forming processing, which cell (23) and fitting (19) are provided to deposit on an endless conveyor belt (22) a layer of fibres then a layer of feathers, which conveyor belt (22) is arranged upstream of a pre-processing forming machine (20) which performs an intimate and homogeneous mixture composed of feathers and of free fibres, which installation comprises, after said pre-processing forming machine (20), at least a napper and behind this napper, a station to realise the thermal treatment of the mixture in the form of web, i.e. to bind the structural fibres (2) together at each of their contact points.
- An installation according to claim 12, characterised in that it comprises at least a pre-processing forming machine (9) located upstream of the pre-processing forming machine (20), which pre-processing forming machine (9) is fed by an endless conveyor belt (10), which conveyor belt circulates under one or several cells (12, 13, 14), wherein are stored the fibres, which fibres are deposited by layers on said conveyor belt (10).
- An installation according to any one of claims 12 or 13, characterised in that it comprises a first napper (35) of the vertical corridor type followed by a second napper (50) of the pneumatic type.
- An installation according to claim 12, characterised in that it comprises means to deposit a coating, on the web (27), at the output of the napper, which coating, made of thermoplastic material for instance, may be glued or bonded to the structural fibres (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0105594 | 2001-04-26 | ||
FR0105594A FR2824083B1 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2001-04-26 | FEATHER-BASED TRIMMING PRODUCT, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME, AND INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
PCT/FR2002/001437 WO2002088457A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2002-04-25 | Feather-based padding product, preparation method and installation for implementing said method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1397549A1 EP1397549A1 (en) | 2004-03-17 |
EP1397549B1 true EP1397549B1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
Family
ID=8862700
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020726277 Expired - Lifetime EP1397549B1 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2002-04-25 | Feather-based padding product, preparation method and installation for implementing said method |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20040126580A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1397549B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004525278A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1281810C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE391203T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2446145A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60225915T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2304436T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2824083B1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1068933A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0303974A3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL367030A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2311506C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW587113B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002088457A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (29)
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CN2591061Y (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-10 | 张立文 | Insulating stuffing of feather |
CN100414016C (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2008-08-27 | 佛山神羽纺织有限公司 | Feather fibre textide composite material |
WO2005080656A1 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2005-09-01 | Senevens International Pty Ltd | Natural feather fabric construction |
US20080003914A1 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | Marc Privitera | Non-wovens incorporating avian by-products |
CN1330812C (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2007-08-08 | 东华大学 | Method for producing eiderdown flock material |
CN101787619B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-28 | 浙江三弘集团有限公司 | Three-layer sandwiched composite eiderdown flake and manufacturing method thereof |
CN102342607A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-02-08 | 常熟市一心无纺制品有限公司 | Down-coat packing |
CN102277685A (en) * | 2011-06-26 | 2011-12-14 | 山东泰鹏新材料有限公司 | Spiral undulated cellucotton as well as production method and equipment |
CN102720000B (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2016-01-20 | 青岛大学 | A kind of processing method of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE sizing eiderdown flake |
TWI521112B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2016-02-11 | 財團法人紡織產業綜合研究所 | Nonwoven fabric and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
US10390637B2 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2019-08-27 | Ronle Reuben | Method of fabricating a thermally insulating stretchable down feather sheet and the product therefrom |
US9380893B2 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2016-07-05 | Ronie Reuben | Thermally insulating stretchable down feather sheet and method of fabrication |
US20160362547A1 (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-12-15 | Ronie Reuben | Down and polymer mixture thermal insulating sheet |
TWI711732B (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2020-12-01 | 加拿大商7513194加拿大有限公司 | Thermally insulating stretchable down feather sheet and method of fabrication |
CA2904672C (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2023-09-05 | Ronie Reuben | Composite down feather sheet with elastic adhesive webs |
RU2670531C1 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-10-23 | Прималофт, Инк. | Floccule blown insulating material and method for manufacturing thereof |
CN105780486A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-20 | 安徽皖翎羽绒制品有限公司 | Waterborne polyurethane coating agent containing superfine down feather fiber-bacterial cellulose microsphere |
IT201600111981A1 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-08 | Moncler S P A | Manufacturing procedure for quilted semi-finished products for padded garments. |
DE102016224251B4 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-02-28 | Adidas Ag | Heat-insulating structure |
JP2020502378A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2020-01-23 | ルーベン, ロニーREUBEN, Ronie | Composite down feather sheet with web of elastic adhesive |
JP7395102B2 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2023-12-11 | 大和紡績株式会社 | Nonwoven fabric and nonwoven fabric manufacturing method |
US10946412B2 (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2021-03-16 | Ronie Reuben | Thermally insulating sheet formed from a down core structure and method of fabrication |
US10919190B2 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-02-16 | Ronie Reuben | Method and apparatus for forming a down feather sheet by heat injection |
US11324266B2 (en) | 2018-05-01 | 2022-05-10 | Under Armour, Inc. | Article of apparel including insulation |
WO2021074671A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | Ronie Reuben | Method and apparatus for forming a down feather sheet by heat injection |
CN112831920B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-11-05 | 杭州华英新塘羽绒制品有限公司 | Processing method of pure down wadding |
CN113057401B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江三星羽绒股份有限公司 | Processing method of down feather filler |
IT202200007643A1 (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-10-15 | Technoplants S R L | MACHINE AND METHOD FOR THE FORMATION OF MATS OR PANELS FROM NON-CONSISTENT MATERIAL |
CN114892339A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-12 | 江苏康乃馨羽绒制品科技有限公司 | 3D down feather forming and warming process |
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US4065599A (en) * | 1972-01-19 | 1977-12-27 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Spherical object useful as filler material |
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JPS61213087A (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-22 | 川村 文保 | Sheet like structure containing feather and small feather and its production |
US5064703A (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1991-11-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Waterproofing of polyester fiberfill |
DE4026916A1 (en) * | 1990-08-25 | 1992-02-27 | Hoechst Ag | Filling fibre made from sliver for cushion or duvet - has binding fibre melt bonded on surface before cutting |
WO1992006916A1 (en) * | 1990-10-19 | 1992-04-30 | Nordisk Fjerfabrik A/S | Feather and/or down product, process for the preparation thereof and apparatus for carrying out the process |
EP0599396B1 (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1996-09-11 | Beijing Challen Nonwoven Tech. Corp. | A melt-blown composite feather and/or down wadding, its producing method and equipment |
EP0811710B1 (en) * | 1995-12-25 | 2002-11-13 | Teijin Limited | Heat-bondable conjugated fiber and high-modulus fiber globoid made thereof |
US6232249B1 (en) * | 1996-05-08 | 2001-05-15 | Yukihiro Kawada | Short fiber-containing down-feather wadding and process for producing the same |
US6686303B1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2004-02-03 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Bicomponent nonwoven webs containing splittable thermoplastic filaments and a third component |
AU3411100A (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2000-10-09 | Fabco Trading Corp. | Down sheet |
JP2002054066A (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-02-19 | Kami Shoji Kk | Natural down fiber heat insulating material |
-
2001
- 2001-04-26 FR FR0105594A patent/FR2824083B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-04-10 TW TW91107181A patent/TW587113B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-25 DE DE2002625915 patent/DE60225915T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-25 US US10/475,977 patent/US20040126580A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-25 AT AT02726277T patent/ATE391203T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-25 CN CNB028106946A patent/CN1281810C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-25 JP JP2002585730A patent/JP2004525278A/en active Pending
- 2002-04-25 EP EP20020726277 patent/EP1397549B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-25 ES ES02726277T patent/ES2304436T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-25 PL PL36703002A patent/PL367030A1/en unknown
- 2002-04-25 RU RU2003134014A patent/RU2311506C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-25 WO PCT/FR2002/001437 patent/WO2002088457A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-25 HU HU0303974A patent/HUP0303974A3/en unknown
- 2002-04-25 CA CA 2446145 patent/CA2446145A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-02-24 HK HK05101554A patent/HK1068933A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2007
- 2007-04-17 US US11/785,295 patent/US20070194477A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1281810C (en) | 2006-10-25 |
CN1535340A (en) | 2004-10-06 |
HUP0303974A3 (en) | 2008-05-28 |
WO2002088457A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
DE60225915D1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
US20070194477A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
ATE391203T1 (en) | 2008-04-15 |
RU2003134014A (en) | 2005-05-20 |
RU2311506C2 (en) | 2007-11-27 |
FR2824083A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
HK1068933A1 (en) | 2005-05-06 |
TW587113B (en) | 2004-05-11 |
US20040126580A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
JP2004525278A (en) | 2004-08-19 |
EP1397549A1 (en) | 2004-03-17 |
PL367030A1 (en) | 2005-02-07 |
CA2446145A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
ES2304436T3 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
HUP0303974A2 (en) | 2004-03-01 |
DE60225915T2 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
FR2824083B1 (en) | 2003-10-31 |
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