EP1395749A1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve

Info

Publication number
EP1395749A1
EP1395749A1 EP02735065A EP02735065A EP1395749A1 EP 1395749 A1 EP1395749 A1 EP 1395749A1 EP 02735065 A EP02735065 A EP 02735065A EP 02735065 A EP02735065 A EP 02735065A EP 1395749 A1 EP1395749 A1 EP 1395749A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
fuel
injection valve
flow channels
elevations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02735065A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1395749B1 (en
Inventor
Jörg HEYSE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1395749A1 publication Critical patent/EP1395749A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1395749B1 publication Critical patent/EP1395749B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F02M2200/505—Adjusting spring tension by sliding spring seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/005—Arrangement of electrical wires and connections, e.g. wire harness, sockets, plugs; Arrangement of electronic control circuits in or on fuel injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injection system for a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engine which comprises a fuel injection valve, which injects fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction, and is provided with a spark plug projecting into the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel injector is provided with at least one row of injection holes arranged distributed over the circumference of the fuel injector. Through a targeted injection of fuel through the injection holes, a jet-guided combustion process is realized by forming a mixture cloud with at least one jet.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injector known from the above-mentioned document is, in particular, the coking of the spray openings, which thereby clog and reduce the flow through the fuel injector to an unacceptably large extent. This leads to malfunctions of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve f according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the spray openings are designed so that bulge-like elevations rise above the outer end face of the valve seat body, comprising the flow channels in which the fuel is directed to the spray openings , The injection openings open into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the diameter of the flow channels advantageously tapers to the spray openings, so that the flow in the flow channels does not stop.
  • a barrel-like shape which first widens and then tapers again, is advantageous for the shape of the flow channels.
  • a straight, cylindrical shape of the flow channels is particularly advantageous because it is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • Flow channels can be easily modeled by the shape of the mandrel.
  • the shape of the edge on the spray openings can be designed, in particular a tapered edge because of the. small deposit area for coking is favorable.
  • the tendency to coke is also advantageously influenced by an extended intake radius that arises during the production of the spray openings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a first embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention in an overall view
  • FIG. 2A shows a schematic section through the spray-side part of the first exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in the area IIA in FIG.
  • 2B-C is an enlarged view of two exemplary embodiments of spray openings in the area IIB in FIG. 2A.
  • the fuel injector 1 shows an excerpt of a sectional illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a fuel injector 1 according to the invention.
  • the fuel injector 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injector 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 1 consists of a
  • Nozzle body 2 in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, which with one on a
  • Valve seat body 5 arranged valve seat surface 6 cooperates to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is an inward-opening fuel injection valve 1 which has at least one spray opening 7.
  • the valve closing body 4 of the fuel injection valve 1 designed according to the invention has an almost spherical shape. As a result, an offset-free, cardanic valve needle guide is achieved, which ensures an exact functioning of the fuel fine injection valve 1.
  • the valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is almost cup-shaped and contributes to the valve needle guide through its shape.
  • the valve seat body 5 is inserted into an injection-side recess 34 in the nozzle body 2 and is connected to the nozzle body 2 by means of a weld seam 35.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a solenoid 10.
  • the magnet coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a coil carrier 12, which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnet coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from one another by a gap 26 and are supported on a connecting component 29.
  • the magnet coil 10 is excited via a line 19 by an electrical current that can be supplied via an electrical plug contact 17.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which may be molded onto the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is disc-shaped.
  • Stroke adjustment is provided by a paired adjusting disc 1 "5.
  • Armature 20 On the other side of the adjusting disc 15 is located Armature 20. This is non-positively connected via a first flange 21 to the valve needle 3, which is connected to the first flange 21 by a weld seam 22.
  • a restoring spring 23 is supported on the first flange 21 and, in the present design of the fuel injector 1, is preloaded by a sleeve 24.
  • a second flange 31 is arranged on the outflow side of the armature 20 and serves as a lower armature stop. It is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 33.
  • An elastic intermediate ring 32 is arranged between the armature 20 and the second flange 31 for damping armature bumpers when the fuel injector 1 closes.
  • Fuel channels 30a run in the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on the valve seat body 5. up to 30c.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injector 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a distributor line, not shown.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 on the valve seat body 5 which is arranged in a recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and is connected to it, for example, by means of a weld seam 35, has elevations 36 in which flow channels 39 which open into the spray openings 7 run.
  • the elevations 36 are formed on an outer end face 38 of the valve seat 5. Due to their special shape and arrangement, they reduce the tendency towards coking of the spray openings 7 and thus prevent malfunctions of the fuel injector 1 by clogging the spray openings 7 and an impermissible reduction in the fuel flow.
  • the spray-side part of the fuel injection valve 1 with the measures according to the invention is shown and explained in more detail in the following figures.
  • the first flange 21 on the valve needle 3 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its lifting direction in such a way that the valve closing body 4 on the valve seat 6 is held in sealing contact.
  • the armature 20 rests on the intermediate ring 32, which is supported on the second flange 31.
  • the magnet coil 10 When the magnet coil 10 is excited, it builds up a magnetic field which moves the armature 20 in the stroke direction against the spring force of the return spring 23.
  • the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, and thus also the valve needle 3 in the lifting direction.
  • the valve closing body 4, which is operatively connected to the valve needle 3, lifts off the valve seat surface 6, as a result of which the fuel is sprayed off at the spray openings 7.
  • the armature 20 drops from the inner pole 13 after the magnetic field has been sufficiently reduced by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the first flange 21, as a result of which the valve needle 3 moves counter to the stroke direction.
  • the valve closing body 4 rests on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • the armature 20 rests on the armature stop formed by the second flange 31.
  • Fig. 2A shows an excerpted sectional illustration of the one shown in FIG. 1 marked with IIA from the in Fig. 1 shown first embodiment of a fuel injection valve ils 1 designed according to the invention.
  • valve seat body 5 in the first embodiment described 38 on its outer end face facing the combustion chamber 38 elevations 36, in which flow channels run, which open into the injection openings 7.
  • the spray openings 7 are in the present
  • the sprint openings 7 can be attached to any points of the valve seat body 5. They are preferably arranged on a plurality of round or elliptical circles of holes, which may be concentric or eccentric to one another, or on a plurality of parallel, oblique or offset rows of straight or curved holes.
  • the distance between the hole centers can be equidistant or different, but should. be at least one hole diameter for manufacturing reasons.
  • the spatial orientation can be different for each hole axis, as indicated for two spray openings 7 in FIG. 2A.
  • the elevations 36 are dome-shaped to tubular above the outer end face 38 of the valve seat body 5.
  • Valve seat body 5 is pierced, which the
  • Spray openings 7 surrounding elevations 36 arise. Any shape of the mandrel can, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, different shapes and cross sections of
  • Spray openings are generated.
  • FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional shape of the spray opening 7, which tapers in the shape of a trumpet in the outflow direction of the fuel
  • FIG. 2C shows a barrel-like cross-sectional shape, which overall also tapers in the outflow direction.
  • the spray openings 7 can also extend in the direction of flow.
  • the coking of the spray openings 7 can be reduced. Since the diameter of the spray orifices 7 is typically approximately 100 ⁇ m, the risk that the spray orifices 7 become blocked by coking over time and thus the flow rate is impermissibly restricted is relatively large. Due to the tapering shape of the flow channels 39 in the elevations , 36, the Flow velocity of the fuel in the flow direction, whereby a separation of the flow in the spray opening 7 is prevented. Due to the flow, the flow channels 39 and the spray openings 7 are protected against coking, so that the spray openings 7 cannot overgrow due to coking residues.
  • the shape of the elevations 36 can be influenced by the use of a matrix, not shown, by the elevations 36 between the matrix and. pinched the mandrel and thereby an edge 41 of the elevations 36 can be shaped as desired.
  • the edge 41 is formed to be tapered, which is advisable due to the very small surface area of the edge 41 in order to avoid the accumulation of coking residues.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and z. B. for arbitrarily arranged spray openings 7, for conical or cylindrical flow channels 39 and for any construction of inwardly opening multi-hole fuel injection valves 1 applicable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel injection valve (1) for fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines, comprising a magnetizing coil (10), a valve needle which cooperates with the magnetic coil (10) and a valve needle (3) which is impinged upon in a direction of closure by a readjusting spring (23) in order to actuate a valve sealing body (4) which forms a tight seat together with a valve seat surface (6) formed on a valve seat body (5), in addition to at least one injection inlet (7) which is embodied in the valve seat body (5). The injection openings (7) discharge from elevations (36) which protrude above an outer front-face side (38) of the valve seat body (5). The fuel is guided through flow channels (39) in the elevations (36).

Description

Bren stoffeinspritzventil Bren fuel injector
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs .The invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
Aus der DE 198 04 463 AI ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, welches ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil umfaßt, das Brennstoff in einen von einer Kolben- /Zylinderkonstruktion gebildeten Brennraum einspritzt, und mit einer in den Brennraum ragenden Zündkerze versehen ist. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist mit mindestens einer Reihe über den Umfang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verteilt angeordneten Einspritzlόchern versehen. Durch eine gezielte Einspritzung von Brennstoff über die Einspritzlöcher wird eine strahlgeführtes Brennverfahren durch Bildung einer Gemischwolke mit mindestens einem Strahl realisiert.From DE 198 04 463 AI a fuel injection system for a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engine is known, which comprises a fuel injection valve, which injects fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction, and is provided with a spark plug projecting into the combustion chamber. The fuel injector is provided with at least one row of injection holes arranged distributed over the circumference of the fuel injector. Through a targeted injection of fuel through the injection holes, a jet-guided combustion process is realized by forming a mixture cloud with at least one jet.
Nachteilig an dem aus der obengenannten Druckschrift bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist insbesondere die Verkokung der Abspritzöffnungen, welche dadurch verstopfen und den Durchfluß durch das Brennstoffeinspritzventil unzulässig stark vermindern. Dies führt zu Fehl funktionen der Brennkraftmaschine. Vorteile der- ErfindungA disadvantage of the fuel injector known from the above-mentioned document is, in particular, the coking of the spray openings, which thereby clog and reduce the flow through the fuel injector to an unacceptably large extent. This leads to malfunctions of the internal combustion engine. Advantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstof f einsprit zventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil , daß die Abspritzöf fnungen so gestaltet sind, daß sich wulstförmige Erhebungen über der äußeren Stirnfläche des Ventilsitzkörpers erheben, die Strömungskanäle umfassen , in denen der Brennstoff zu den Abspritzöffnungen geleitet wird . Die Absprit zöffnungen münden in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine aus .The fuel injection valve f according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the spray openings are designed so that bulge-like elevations rise above the outer end face of the valve seat body, comprising the flow channels in which the fuel is directed to the spray openings , The injection openings open into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstof feinspritzventils möglich .The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous refinements of the fuel injection valve specified in the main claim.
Vorteilhaf terweise verj üngt sich der Durchmesser der Strömungskanäle zu den Abspritzöffnungen, so daß die Strömung in den Strömungskanälen nicht abreißt .The diameter of the flow channels advantageously tapers to the spray openings, so that the flow in the flow channels does not stop.
Für die Form der Strömungskanäle ist neben einer trompeten- oder konusförmigen Verj üngung auch eine tonnenartige Form, welche sich zunächst erweitert und dann wieder verj üngt , von Vorteil .In addition to a trumpet-shaped or conical taper, a barrel-like shape, which first widens and then tapers again, is advantageous for the shape of the flow channels.
Eine gerade , zylindrische Form der Strömungskanäle ist besonders vorteilhaft , da sie einfach und kos tengünstig herstellbar ist .A straight, cylindrical shape of the flow channels is particularly advantageous because it is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
Die Herstellung der Abspritzöf fnungen ist mdtt els eines Dorns , der in Strömungsrichtung durch den Ventil sitzkorper geschlagen wird, einfach möglich . Die Form derIt is easy to manufacture the spray openings using a mandrel which is pushed through the valve seat body in the direction of flow. The shape of the
Strömungskanäle ist in einfacher Weise durch die Form des Dorns modellierbar .Flow channels can be easily modeled by the shape of the mandrel.
Durch die Verwendung einer Matrize kann die Form der Kante an den Abspritzöf fnungen gestaltet werden, wobei besonders eine spitz zulaufende Kante wegen der . geringen Anlagerungs f läche für Verkokungen günstig ist . Die Verkokungsneigung wird auch durch einen erweiterten Einzugsradius, der bei der Herstellung der Abspritzöff ungen entsteht, vorteilhaft beeinflußt.By using a die, the shape of the edge on the spray openings can be designed, in particular a tapered edge because of the. small deposit area for coking is favorable. The tendency to coke is also advantageously influenced by an extended intake radius that arises during the production of the spray openings.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventil s in einer Gesamtansicht,1 shows a schematic section through a first embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention in an overall view,
Fig. 2A einen schematischen Schnitt durch den abspritzseitigen Teil des in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich IIA in Fig.2A shows a schematic section through the spray-side part of the first exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in the area IIA in FIG.
1 , und1, and
Fig. 2B-C eine vergrößerte Ansicht zweier Ausführungsbeispiele von Abspritzöffnungen im Bereich IIB in Fig. 2A.2B-C is an enlarged view of two exemplary embodiments of spray openings in the area IIB in FIG. 2A.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Fig. 1 zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine . Das Brennstof f einspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem1 shows an excerpt of a sectional illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a fuel injector 1 according to the invention. The fuel injector 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injector 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is suitable for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injector 1 consists of a
Düsenkörper 2 , in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist . Die Ventilnadel 3 steht in Wirkverbindung mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4 , der mit einer auf einemNozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, which with one on a
Ventilsitzkorper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt . Bei dem Brennstof f einspri tzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstof f einsprit zventil 1 , welches über wenigstens eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt .Valve seat body 5 arranged valve seat surface 6 cooperates to form a sealing seat. In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel injection valve 1 is an inward-opening fuel injection valve 1 which has at least one spray opening 7.
Der Ventilschließkörper 4 des erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstof feinspritzventils 1 weist eine nahezu kugelförmige Form auf . Dadurch wird eine versatzfreie, kardanische Ventilnadelf ührung erzielt , die für eine exakte Funktionsweise des Brennstof feinspritzventils 1 sorgt .The valve closing body 4 of the fuel injection valve 1 designed according to the invention has an almost spherical shape. As a result, an offset-free, cardanic valve needle guide is achieved, which ensures an exact functioning of the fuel fine injection valve 1.
Der Ventilsitzkorper 5 des Brennstof feinspritzventils 1 ist nahezu topfförmig ausgebildet und trägt durch seine Form zur Ventilnadelf ührung bei . Der Ventilsitzkorper 5 ist dabei in eine abspritzseitige Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 eingesetzt und mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit dem Düsenkörper 2 verbunden .The valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is almost cup-shaped and contributes to the valve needle guide through its shape. The valve seat body 5 is inserted into an injection-side recess 34 in the nozzle body 2 and is connected to the nozzle body 2 by means of a weld seam 35.
Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet . Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und -auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt , welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt . Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Spalt 26 voneinander getrennt und stützen sich auf einem Verbindungsbauteil 29 ab . Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen el ektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt . Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststof fummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann .The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a solenoid 10. The magnet coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a coil carrier 12, which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnet coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from one another by a gap 26 and are supported on a connecting component 29. The magnet coil 10 is excited via a line 19 by an electrical current that can be supplied via an electrical plug contact 17. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which may be molded onto the inner pole 13.
Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelf ührung 14 geführt , welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist . ZurThe valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is disc-shaped. to
Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellsche ibe 1"5 . An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 bef indet sich ein Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.Stroke adjustment is provided by a paired adjusting disc 1 "5. On the other side of the adjusting disc 15 is located Armature 20. This is non-positively connected via a first flange 21 to the valve needle 3, which is connected to the first flange 21 by a weld seam 22. A restoring spring 23 is supported on the first flange 21 and, in the present design of the fuel injector 1, is preloaded by a sleeve 24.
Abströmseitig des Ankers 20 ist ein zweiter Flansch 31 angeordnet, der als unterer Ankeranschlag dient. Er ist über eine Schweißnaht 33 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden. Zwischen dem Anker 20 und dem zweiten Flansch 31 ist ein elastischer Zwischenring 32 zur Dämpfung von Ankerprellern beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 angeordnet.A second flange 31 is arranged on the outflow side of the armature 20 and serves as a lower armature stop. It is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 33. An elastic intermediate ring 32 is arranged between the armature 20 and the second flange 31 for damping armature bumpers when the fuel injector 1 closes.
In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 und am Ventilsitzkorper 5 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30a. bis 30c. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstofxzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht, weiter dargestellte Verteilerleitung abgedichtet.Fuel channels 30a run in the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on the valve seat body 5. up to 30c. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25. The fuel injector 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a distributor line, not shown.
Erfindungsgemäß weist das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 an dem Ventilsitzkorper 5, der in einer Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 angeordnet und beispielsweise mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit diesem verbunden ist, Erhebungen 36 auf, in welchen in die Abspritzöffnungen 7 ausmündende Strömungskanäle 39 verlaufen. Die Erhebungen 36 sind dabei an einer äußeren Stirnseite 38 des Ventilsitz;körpers 5 ausgebildet. Sie vermindern durch ihre spezielle Form und Anordnung die Verkokungsneigung der Abspritzöff ungen 7 und beugen so Fehlfunktionen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch Verstopfen der Abspritzöffnungen 7 und einer unzulässigen Verringerung des Brennstoffdurchflusses vor. Der abspritzseitige Teil des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit den erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ist in den folgenden Figuren näher dargestellt und erläutert. Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der erste Flansch 21 an der Ventilnadel 3 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 am Ventilsitz 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Der Anker 20 liegt auf dem Zwischenring 32 auf, der sich auf dem zweiten Flansch 31 abstützt. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt. Dabei nimmt der Anker 20 den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, und damit die Ventilnadel 3 ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit . Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, wodurch der Brennstoff an den Abspritzöffnungen 7 abgespritzt wird.According to the invention, the fuel injection valve 1 on the valve seat body 5, which is arranged in a recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and is connected to it, for example, by means of a weld seam 35, has elevations 36 in which flow channels 39 which open into the spray openings 7 run. The elevations 36 are formed on an outer end face 38 of the valve seat 5. Due to their special shape and arrangement, they reduce the tendency towards coking of the spray openings 7 and thus prevent malfunctions of the fuel injector 1 by clogging the spray openings 7 and an impermissible reduction in the fuel flow. The spray-side part of the fuel injection valve 1 with the measures according to the invention is shown and explained in more detail in the following figures. In the idle state of the fuel injector 1, the first flange 21 on the valve needle 3 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its lifting direction in such a way that the valve closing body 4 on the valve seat 6 is held in sealing contact. The armature 20 rests on the intermediate ring 32, which is supported on the second flange 31. When the magnet coil 10 is excited, it builds up a magnetic field which moves the armature 20 in the stroke direction against the spring force of the return spring 23. The armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, and thus also the valve needle 3 in the lifting direction. The valve closing body 4, which is operatively connected to the valve needle 3, lifts off the valve seat surface 6, as a result of which the fuel is sprayed off at the spray openings 7.
Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 auf den ersten Flansch 21 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich die Ventilnadel 3 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt . Dadurch setzt der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 auf, und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 wird geschlossen. Der Anker 20 setzt auf dem durch den zweiten Flansch 31 gebildeten Ankeranschlag auf.If the coil current is switched off, the armature 20 drops from the inner pole 13 after the magnetic field has been sufficiently reduced by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the first flange 21, as a result of which the valve needle 3 moves counter to the stroke direction. As a result, the valve closing body 4 rests on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed. The armature 20 rests on the armature stop formed by the second flange 31.
Fig . 2A zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung den in Fig . 1 mit IIA bezeichneten Ausschnitt aus dem in Fig . 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erf indungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstof feinspritzvent ils 1 .Fig. 2A shows an excerpted sectional illustration of the one shown in FIG. 1 marked with IIA from the in Fig. 1 shown first embodiment of a fuel injection valve ils 1 designed according to the invention.
Wie bereits in Fig . 1 angedeutet , weist der Ventil sitzkorper 5 im beschriebenen ersten Ausführungsbeispiel an seiner dem Brennraum zugewandten äußeren Stirnseite 38 Erhebungen 36 auf , in denen Strömungskanäle verlaufen, die in die Absprit zöffnungen 7 münden .As already shown in Fig. 1 indicated, the valve seat body 5 in the first embodiment described 38 on its outer end face facing the combustion chamber 38 elevations 36, in which flow channels run, which open into the injection openings 7.
Die Abspritzöf fnungen 7 sind im vorliegendenThe spray openings 7 are in the present
Ausführungsbeispiel in der äußeren Stirnseite 38 des Ventil sitzkörpers 5 ausgebildet . Die Absprit zöf f nungen 7 können an beliebigen Punkten des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 angebracht sein. Vorzugsweise sind sie auf mehreren runden oder elliptischen Lochkreisen, die zueinander konzentrisch oder exzentrisch sein können, oder auf mehreren parallelen, schräg oder versetzt zueinander angeordneten geraden oder gebogenen Lochreihen angeordnet. Der Abstand zwischen den Lochmittelpunkten kann dabei äquidistant oder unterschiedlich sein, sollte jedoch. aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen zumindest einen Lochdurchmesser betragen. Die räumliche Orientierung kann für jede Lochachse unterschiedlich sein, wie in Fig. 2A für zwei Abspritzöffnungen 7 angedeutet.Embodiment formed in the outer end face 38 of the valve seat body 5. The sprint openings 7 can be attached to any points of the valve seat body 5. They are preferably arranged on a plurality of round or elliptical circles of holes, which may be concentric or eccentric to one another, or on a plurality of parallel, oblique or offset rows of straight or curved holes. The distance between the hole centers can be equidistant or different, but should. be at least one hole diameter for manufacturing reasons. The spatial orientation can be different for each hole axis, as indicated for two spray openings 7 in FIG. 2A.
Die Erhebungen 36 sind kuppen- bis röhrenförmig über der äußeren Stirnseite 38 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 erhaben. DieThe elevations 36 are dome-shaped to tubular above the outer end face 38 of the valve seat body 5. The
Herstellung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 erfolgt dabei z. B. mittels eines gehärteten Dorns, der durch das Material desProduction of the spray openings 7 takes place z. B. by means of a hardened mandrel through the material of the
Ventilsitzkörpers 5 gestochen wird, wodurch die dieValve seat body 5 is pierced, which the
Abspritzöffnungen 7 umgebenden Erhebungen 36 entstehen. Durch beliebige Formen des Dorns können, wie in den Fig. 2B und 2C dargestellt, verschiedene Formen und Querschnitte vonSpray openings 7 surrounding elevations 36 arise. Any shape of the mandrel can, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, different shapes and cross sections of
Abspritzöffnungen erzeugt werden.Spray openings are generated.
Fig. 2B zeigt dabei eine Querschnittsform der Abspritzöffnung 7, welche sich trompetenförmig in Abströmrichtung des Brennstoffs verjüngt, während in Fig. 2C eine tonnenartige Querschnittsform dargestellt ist, welche sich insgesamt gesehen ebenfalls in Abströmrichtung verjüngt. Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 können auch in S römungsrichtung erweiternd verlaufen.FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional shape of the spray opening 7, which tapers in the shape of a trumpet in the outflow direction of the fuel, while FIG. 2C shows a barrel-like cross-sectional shape, which overall also tapers in the outflow direction. The spray openings 7 can also extend in the direction of flow.
Durch die besondere Form und Anordnung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 kann die Verkokung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 reduziert werden. Da der Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnungen 7 typischerweise ca. 100 μim beträgt, ist die Gefahxr, daß die Abspritzöffnungen 7 durch Verkokung mit der Zeit verstopfen und somit die Durchflußmenge unzulässig stark eingeschränkt wird, relativ groß. Durch die sich verjüngende Form der Strömungskanäle 39 in den Erhebungen, 36 steigt die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Brennstoffs in Strömungsrichtung an, wodurch eine Ablösung der Strömung in der Abspritzöffnung 7 verhindert wird. Durch die anliegende Strömung werden die Strömungskanäle 39 und die Abspritzöffnungen 7 vor Verkokungen geschützt, so daß die Abspritzöffnungen 7 nicht durch Verkokungsrückstände zuwachsen können.Due to the special shape and arrangement of the spray openings 7, the coking of the spray openings 7 can be reduced. Since the diameter of the spray orifices 7 is typically approximately 100 μm, the risk that the spray orifices 7 become blocked by coking over time and thus the flow rate is impermissibly restricted is relatively large. Due to the tapering shape of the flow channels 39 in the elevations , 36, the Flow velocity of the fuel in the flow direction, whereby a separation of the flow in the spray opening 7 is prevented. Due to the flow, the flow channels 39 and the spray openings 7 are protected against coking, so that the spray openings 7 cannot overgrow due to coking residues.
Da die Abspritzöffnungen 7 erhaben über der äußeren Stirnseite 38 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 in den nicht weiter dargestellten Brennraum ausmünden, wachsen dementsprechend Verkokungen, die sich an der äußeren Stirnseite 38 des Ventilsitzkorpers 5 ablagern, nicht in die Abspritzöffnungen 7 hinein, sondern werden durch die wulstigen Erhebungen 36 von den Abspritzöffnungen 7 abgegrenzt.Since the spray openings 7 rise above the outer end face 38 of the valve seat body 5 into the combustion chamber, which is not further shown, coking, which is deposited on the outer end face 38 of the valve seat body 5, accordingly does not grow into the spray openings 7, but is caused by the bulging elevations 36 delimited from the spray openings 7.
Im Bereich der Aufwölbung der Erhebungen 36 ergibt sich herstellungsbedingt ein Einzugsradius 40, der für die Vermeidung einer Strömungsablösung im Strömungskanal 39 vorteilhaft ist.In the region of the bulging of the elevations 36, a pull-in radius 40 results, which is advantageous for avoiding flow separation in the flow channel 39.
Die Formung der Erhebungen 36 kann durch die Verwendung einer nicht weiter dargestellten Matrize beeinflußt werden, indem die Erhebungen 36 zwischen der Matrix und. dem Dorn eingeklemmt werden und dadurch eine Kante 41 der Erhebungen 36 beliebig geformt werden kann. In den Fig. 2B und 2C ist die Kante 41 jeweils spitz zulaufend ausgeformt, was sich im Sinne der Vermeidung der Anlagerung von Verkokungsrückständen bedingt durch die sehr kleine Oberfläche der Kante 41 anbietet.The shape of the elevations 36 can be influenced by the use of a matrix, not shown, by the elevations 36 between the matrix and. pinched the mandrel and thereby an edge 41 of the elevations 36 can be shaped as desired. In FIGS. 2B and 2C, the edge 41 is formed to be tapered, which is advisable due to the very small surface area of the edge 41 in order to avoid the accumulation of coking residues.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt und z. B. für beliebig angeordnete Abspritzöffnungen 7, für konische oder zylindrisch verlaufende Strömungskanäle 39 sowie für beliebige Bauweisen von nach innen öffnenden Mehrloch- Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1 anwendbar. The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and z. B. for arbitrarily arranged spray openings 7, for conical or cylindrical flow channels 39 and for any construction of inwardly opening multi-hole fuel injection valves 1 applicable.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Brennstoffeinspritzventil (1) für1. Fuel injector (1) for
Brennstof f einspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem erregbaren Aktuator (10), einer mit dem Aktuator (10) in Wirkverbindung stehenden und in einer Schließrichtung von einer Rückstellfeder (23) beaufschlagten Ventilnadel (3) zur Betätigung eines Ventilschließkörpers (4) , der zusammen mit einer an einem Ventilsitzkorper (5) ausgebildetenFuel injection systems of internal combustion engines with an excitable actuator (10), a valve needle (3) which is operatively connected to the actuator (10) and acted upon in a closing direction by a return spring (23) for actuating a valve closing body (4) which, together with a trained on a valve seat body (5)
Ventilsitzfläche (6) einen Dichtsitz bildet, und zumindest einer Abspritzöffnung (7), die in dem Ventilsitzkorper (5) ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abspritzöffnungen (7) aus Erhebungen (36) ausmünden, welche eine äußere Stirnseite (38) des Ventilsitzkorpers (5) überragen, wobei der Brennstoff durch Strömungskanäle (39) in den Erhebungen (36) geleitet wird.Valve seat surface (6) forms a sealing seat, and at least one spray opening (7) which is formed in the valve seat body (5), characterized in that the spray openings (7) open out from elevations (36) which form an outer end face (38) of the Exceed valve seat body (5), the fuel being passed through flow channels (39) in the elevations (36).
2. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungskanäle (39) in den Erhebungen (36) in einer Abströmrichtung des Brennstoffs zu den Abspritzöffnungen (7) verjüngen.2. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow channels (39) in the elevations (36) taper in an outflow direction of the fuel to the spray openings (7).
3. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungakanäle (39) trompetenförmig verjüngen. 3. Fuel injection valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the flow channels (39) taper in a trumpet shape.
4. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 2 oder 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungskanäle (39) tonnenförmig erweitern und sich zu den Abspritzöffnungen (7) verjüngen.4. Fuel injection valve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the flow channels (39) widen in a barrel shape and taper to the spray openings (7).
5. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungskanäle (39) konisch zu den Abspritzöffnungen (7) verjüngen.5. Fuel injection valve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the flow channels (39) taper conically to the spray openings (7).
6. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strömungskanäle (39) zylindrisch durch die Erhebungen (36) verlaufen.6. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow channels (39) extend cylindrically through the elevations (36).
7. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erhebungen (36) mittels eines Dornes bei der Produktion der Abspritzöffnungen (7) aufgewölbt sind.7. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the elevations (36) are bulged by means of a mandrel in the production of the spray openings (7).
8. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Einzugsradius (40) der Strömungskanäle (39) an einem Zulaufseitigen Ende der Strömungskanäle (39) ausgebildet ist .8. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a feed radius (40) of the flow channels (39) is formed at an inlet end of the flow channels (39).
9. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis9. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 1 to
8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich der Abspritzöffnungen (7) eine Kante (41) an den Erhebungen (36) ausgebildet ist.8, characterized in that an edge (41) is formed on the elevations (36) in the region of the spray openings (7).
10. Brennsto feinspritzventil nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kante (41) spitz zulaufend ausgebildet ist. 10. Fuel fine injection valve according to claim 9, characterized in that the edge (41) is tapered.
EP02735065A 2001-05-21 2002-05-07 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1395749B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10124748A DE10124748A1 (en) 2001-05-21 2001-05-21 Fuel injector
DE10124748 2001-05-21
PCT/DE2002/001633 WO2002095218A1 (en) 2001-05-21 2002-05-07 Fuel injection valve

Publications (2)

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EP1395749A1 true EP1395749A1 (en) 2004-03-10
EP1395749B1 EP1395749B1 (en) 2005-04-20

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US (1) US7011257B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1395749B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004519621A (en)
CZ (1) CZ200395A3 (en)
DE (2) DE10124748A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002095218A1 (en)

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DE50202848D1 (en) 2005-05-25
US20040046063A1 (en) 2004-03-11
WO2002095218A1 (en) 2002-11-28
DE10124748A1 (en) 2003-02-27
EP1395749B1 (en) 2005-04-20
CZ200395A3 (en) 2004-08-18
US7011257B2 (en) 2006-03-14
JP2004519621A (en) 2004-07-02

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