EP1395096B1 - Procédé de commande de lampes fluorescentes - Google Patents
Procédé de commande de lampes fluorescentes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1395096B1 EP1395096B1 EP03017859A EP03017859A EP1395096B1 EP 1395096 B1 EP1395096 B1 EP 1395096B1 EP 03017859 A EP03017859 A EP 03017859A EP 03017859 A EP03017859 A EP 03017859A EP 1395096 B1 EP1395096 B1 EP 1395096B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- control loop
- actual value
- fluorescent lamp
- time intervals
- bridge circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/36—Controlling
- H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
- H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
- H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
- H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
- H05B41/3925—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by frequency variation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
- H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
- H05B41/2988—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating fluorescent lamps according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the EP 0 287 360 A2 discloses an apparatus for operating a laser diode.
- the device comprises at least two D / A converters, with the aid of which at least two control loops for coarse and fine adjustment of the light emission of the laser diode are realized.
- the US 4,894,587 describes a ballast for high-frequency operation and for brightness control of fluorescent lamps.
- the inventive method for operating fluorescent lamps by means of a ballast having an inverter with semiconductor switches, which are arranged in a bridge circuit, and with a control device for the semiconductor switches and at least one connected to the inverter, designed as a resonant circuit load circuit, in the at least one Fluorescent lamp is operated, wherein the at least one fluorescent lamp is acted upon by the inverter with a high-frequency current and the power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp by means of a first control loop by varying the frequency of the high-frequency current is set to a predetermined value, characterized in that by means of a second control loop which is run through in shorter time intervals than the first control loop, the power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp is stabilized to the predetermined value.
- the second control loop ensures that the fluorescent lamps can be safely operated even in the critical power range corresponding to approximately 25% to 10% of their rated luminous flux, without the occurrence of significant fluctuations in the power consumption or brightness of the fluorescent lamps.
- the second control loop is run in much shorter time intervals than the first control loop and can therefore counteract rapid changes in the power consumption of the fluorescent lamps, as they can occur in the aforementioned critical range.
- the time intervals for passing through the second control loop are advantageously 50 ⁇ s to 200 ⁇ s, while the time intervals for passing through the first control loop are preferably significantly longer, preferably with 1 ms to 2 ms.
- the method according to the invention is advantageously for the implementation of the first control loop adjustable in size setpoint at predetermined time intervals compared with an actual value, which is derived from the time average power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp, and formed therefrom a first control value for the control device, while Execution of the second control loop at predetermined time intervals, which are shorter than the time intervals of the first control loop, the change in power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp for generating a second control value for the control device is evaluated, and both control values for generating control signals for the control of the switching frequency Semiconductor switches are evaluated.
- control variables for both the first and the second control loop are derived from the current flowing through the bridge circuit because the time average of this current is proportional to the power consumption of the fluorescent lamps.
- the control variables, that is to say, the actual values of both control loops are derived, for example, by means of low-pass filters from the current flowing through the bridge circuit, the time constant of the second low-pass filter belonging to the second control loop being smaller than the time constant of the first low-pass filter belonging to the first control loop.
- the time constants are each adapted to the abovementioned time intervals of the control loops.
- the functions of the two low-pass filters are each taken over by a digital filter which operates with different sampling frequencies adapted to the abovementioned time intervals.
- digital filters simplifies the structure of the circuit arrangement, because they can be formed as part of a microprocessor.
- the second control loop is designed as a nominal actual value comparison, which is repeated continuously at predetermined time intervals, wherein at the end of each time interval, the current flowing through the bridge circuit Current is derived from an actual value and this is compared with the actual value of the immediately preceding time interval serving as a setpoint, in order to generate therefrom the second control value for the control device of the inverter.
- the ballast for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises an inverter with Halbieiterschaltern, which are arranged in a bridge circuit, a control device for the semiconductor switches and at least one connected to the inverter, designed as a resonant circuit load circuit with terminals for at least one fluorescent lamp, wherein the control device comprises means for Variation of the switching frequency of the semiconductor switch has to set the power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp to a predetermined value, and the control device has means for stabilizing the power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp to the predetermined value.
- the means for stabilizing the power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp are preferably called differential regulators, also called D-regulators, which monitors the change in power consumption of the at least one fluorescent lamp at predetermined time intervals and in dependence thereon a manipulated variable for the stabilization control apparatus the power consumption is generated to the specifiable value.
- the ballast according to the invention preferably has a, compared to the D controller slow proportional-integral controller, also called PI controller, on which the time-average power consumption of at least compares a fluorescent lamp with a predefined setpoint.
- Both controllers are advantageously designed as part of a microprocessor, which in turn is part of the control device.
- the control values generated by both controllers; are superimposed and stored in a digital data register of the microprocessor.
- FIG. 1 schematically the construction of an electronic ballast for erfindungsgcmäßcn operation of a fluorescent lamp is shown.
- This ballast has a half-bridge inverter with two half-switches, in particular transistors T1, T2, a control device ST for the semiconductor switches T1, T2 and two terminals +, - for the DC power supply of the half-bridge inverter.
- a trained as a resonant circuit load circuit is connected at the center tap M of the half-bridge inverter .
- the load circuit comprises the resonance inductor L1, the resonance capacitor C1, the coupling capacitor C2, the discharge resistor RI arranged parallel to the coupling capacitor C2, and connections for the electrode filaments E1, E2 of a fluorescent lamp LP.
- the fluorescent lamp LP is arranged in the load circuit such that its discharge path is connected in parallel to the resonance capacitor C1 and the electrode coils E1, E2 are connected in series with the resonance capacitor C1.
- This circuit arrangement is for example in the Patent EP 0422 255 B1 disclosed.
- the semiconductor switches T1, T2 are alternately activated and deactivated by means of the control device ST, so that the load circuit and the lamp LP are subjected to a high-frequency current whose frequencies are in the range of approximately 40 kHz and 150 kHz.
- the ignition voltage required to ignite the gas discharge in the fluorescent lamp LP is provided by means of the resonance peaking method on the resonance capacitor CI.
- the switching frequency of the semiconductor switches T1, T2 and thus also the frequency of the current in the load circuit is set to a value close to the resonance frequency of the resonance components L1, C1.
- the load circuit formed as a resonant circuit is attenuated by the impedance of the now conductive discharge path between the electrodes E1, E2 of the fluorescent lamp LP.
- the impedance of the discharge path of the fluorescent lamp LP and its power consumption are dependent on the frequency of the lamp LP flowing electricity.
- the half-bridge current flowing through the resistor R2 is evaluated by means of two low-pass filters R3, C3 and R4, C4, since the half-bridge current flowing through the resistor R2 during a half-wave - namely with the switch T2 closed - with that through the fluorescent lamp LP flowing current is identical.
- the first low-pass filter R3, C3 acting as an integrator forms at the capacitor C3 a voltage drop which is proportional to the power consumption of the fluorescent lamp LP and which is the actual value for a first control loop for controlling the brightness and regulating the power consumption of the fluorescent lamp. Integral controller IR is supplied.
- This actual value is compared in the proportional-integral controller IR with a predefinable setpoint SW, which is the controller ST from the outside, for example, from a dimming potentiometer or other dimming device specified.
- the setpoint SW represents the desired brightness level or power level of the fluorescent lamp LP.
- the proportional-integral controller IR determines a first control value for controlling the switching frequency of the semiconductor switches T1, T2.
- the first manipulated variable is stored in the 14-bit data register S1 and read out by the driver switch TR, which generates control signals for the base or gate electrode of the semiconductor switches T1, T2.
- the first control loop is executed at intervals of 1 ms each.
- the frequency dependence of the half-bridge current is qualitatively represented.
- the fluorescent lamp has its highest brightness and the luminous flux is therefore 100% of its nominal luminous flux. If the frequency is increased, the half-bridge current and thus also the power consumption and the luminous flux of the fluorescent lamp decreases.
- the half-bridge current shows an extremely strong frequency dependence, so that unstable operating states can occur in this range.
- a second control loop is implemented by means of the second low-pass filter R4, C4, the differential controller DR, the data memory S2 and the data register S1, which is traversed much faster than the first control loop.
- the low-pass filter R4, C4 changes in the half-bridge current flowing through the resistor R2 are detected at time intervals of 100 ⁇ s.
- the differential controller DR performs at intervals of 100 microseconds a setpoint-actual value comparison, being used as the actual value of the current, from the low-pass filter R4, C4 evaluated half-bridge current and is used as the setpoint of the data memory S2 temporarily stored actual value of each immediately preceding time interval ,
- a second setpoint value is generated by the differential controller DR, which is supplied to the 14-bit data register S1 and added to the first setpoint value.
- the driver circuit TR determines signals for frequency control of the semiconductor switches T1, T2. By means of the second control loop, the half-bridge current and thus the power consumption and the brightness of the fluorescent lamp are stabilized to the desired value.
- the differential controller DR can be deactivated outside this critical operating range. This happens because the actual value of the second control loop before the nominal actual value comparison with a Amplification factor K is multiplied, which is dependent on the selected brightness level, that is, from the target value SW of the first control loop.
- the gain K can be reduced to zero.
- Both controllers IR, DR are designed as algorithms of a program-controlled microprocessor, which is part of the control device ST.
- the first C3, R3 and second low-pass filters C4, R4 are replaced by a respective digital filter, wherein the first digital filter, the function of the first low-pass filter C3, R3 and the second digital filter, the function of the second Low-pass filter C4, R4 takes over.
- the digital filters are formed as part of the control device ST and in particular as part of the aforementioned, programmatically operating microprocessor. Both digital filters evaluate the current flowing through the bridge circuit, that is, the voltage drop across the resistor R2. Their filter properties are determined by the software implemented in the microprocessor. In all other details, this embodiment is consistent with the above-explained first embodiment.
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Procédé de commande de lampes fluorescentes à l'aide d'un dispositif de montage en amont qui comprend un onduleur avec des commutateurs à semi-conducteurs (T1, T2) disposés en montage en pont et avec un dispositif de commande (ST) pour les commutateurs à semi-conducteurs (T1, T2), et au moins un circuit de charge exécuté en tant que circuit résonnant connecté à l'onduleur, dans lequel au moins une lampe fluorescente (LP) est commandée, un courant de haute fréquence étant appliqué par l'onduleur à l'au moins une lampe fluorescente (LP) et la puissance absorbée de l'au moins une lampe fluorescente (LP) étant réglée, au moyen d'une première boucle de régulation qui fait varier la fréquence du courant de haute fréquence, sur une valeur qui peut être prédéterminée,
caractérisé en ce que la puissance absorbée de l'au moins une lampe fluorescente (LP) est stabilisée, en plus, sur la valeur pouvant être prédéterminée au moyen d'une seconde boucle de régulation qui est traversée à des intervalles de temps plus courts que la première boucle de régulation, une valeur théorique de grandeur réglable étant comparée à des intervalles de temps prédéfinis, pour l'exécution de la première boucle de régulation, à une valeur réelle qui est déduite de la puissance absorbée de l'au moins une lampe fluorescente (LP) moyennée dans le temps, et une première valeur de réglage étant formée pour le dispositif de commande (ST) à partir de cette comparaison et, pour l'exécution de la seconde boucle de régulation à des intervalles de temps prédéfinis qui sont plus courts que les intervalles de temps de la première boucle de régulation, la modification de la puissance absorbée de l'au moins une lampe fluorescente (LP) étant analysée pour produire une seconde valeur de réglage pour le dispositif de commande (ST) et les deux valeurs de réglage étant analysées pour produire des signaux de commande pour la régulation de la fréquence de commutation des commutateurs à semi-conducteurs (T1, T2). - Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une valeur théorique (SW) de grandeur réglable est comparée à des intervalles de temps prédéfinis, pour l'exécution de la première boucle de régulation, à une valeur réelle qui est déduite du courant circulant à travers le montage en pont, et la modification du courant circulant à travers le montage en pont étant analysée pour l'exécution de la seconde boucle de régulation à des intervalles de temps prédéfinis qui sont plus courts que les intervalles de temps de la première boucle de régulation.
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la valeur réelle pour la première boucle de régulation est déduite du courant circulant à travers le montage en pont au moyen d'un premier filtre passe-bas (R3, C3).
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la valeur réelle pour la première boucle de régulation est déduite du courant circulant à travers le montage en pont au moyen d'un premier filtre numérique.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une comparaison des valeurs théoriques et réelles est exécutée pendant la seconde boucle de régulation, une valeur réelle étant déduite du courant circulant à travers le montage en pont à la fin de chaque intervalle de temps prédéfini et cette valeur étant comparée à la valeur réelle de l'intervalle de temps immédiatement précédent, qui sert de valeur théorique, et la seconde valeur de réglage pour le dispositif de commande étant générée à partir de cette comparaison.
- Procédé selon les revendications 3 et 5, caractérisé en ce que la valeur réelle pour la seconde boucle de régulation est déduite du courant circulant à travers le montage en pont au moyen d'un second filtre passe-bas (R4, C4), la constante de temps du second filtre passe-bas étant plus petite que la constante de temps du premier filtre passe-bas.
- Procédé selon les revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que la valeur réelle pour la seconde boucle de régulation est déduite du courant circulant à travers le montage en pont au moyen d'un second filtre passe-bas (R4, C4), la constante de temps du second filtre passe-bas étant plus petite que la constante de temps du premier filtre passe-bas.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les intervalles de temps prédéfinis de la première boucle de régulation ont une longueur de 1 ms à 2 ms.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les intervalles de temps prédéfinis de la seconde boucle de régulation ont une longueur de 50 µs à 200 µs.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10240807 | 2002-08-30 | ||
DE10240807A DE10240807A1 (de) | 2002-08-30 | 2002-08-30 | Verfahren zum Betreiben von Leuchtstofflampen und Vorschaltgerät |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1395096A2 EP1395096A2 (fr) | 2004-03-03 |
EP1395096A3 EP1395096A3 (fr) | 2005-09-07 |
EP1395096B1 true EP1395096B1 (fr) | 2011-04-20 |
Family
ID=31197599
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03017859A Expired - Lifetime EP1395096B1 (fr) | 2002-08-30 | 2003-08-05 | Procédé de commande de lampes fluorescentes |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6933682B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1395096B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE506837T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2437995A1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE10240807A1 (fr) |
TW (1) | TWI273863B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20050062852A (ko) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치, 표시 장치용 광원의 구동 장치 및 그방법 |
DE102005008483A1 (de) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-08-31 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | EVG für Hochdruckentladungslampe mit Strommesseinrichtung |
DE102005018764A1 (de) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-10-26 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Einstellbare digitale Leuchtmittelleistungsregelung |
WO2008037290A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-25 | 2008-04-03 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Arrangement de circuit et procédé pour allumer une lampe à décharge |
US7489531B2 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2009-02-10 | Osram Sylvania, Inc. | Inverter with improved overcurrent protection circuit, and power supply and electronic ballast therefor |
US8049430B2 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2011-11-01 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Electronic ballast having a partially self-oscillating inverter circuit |
US8664894B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2014-03-04 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Method and device for driving a fluorescent lamp |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4463287A (en) * | 1981-10-07 | 1984-07-31 | Cornell-Dubilier Corp. | Four lamp modular lighting control |
US4894587A (en) | 1984-08-17 | 1990-01-16 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | High frequency gas discharge lamp dimming ballast |
DE3879250T2 (de) | 1987-04-13 | 1993-06-24 | Sharp Kk | Ansteuerungsvorrichtung fuer einen halbleiterlaser. |
CA2015281C (fr) * | 1989-04-25 | 1995-08-29 | Minoru Maehara | Relais electromagnetique polarise |
ES2049790T3 (es) * | 1989-10-09 | 1994-05-01 | Siemens Ag | Adaptador electronico. |
US5118997A (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1992-06-02 | General Electric Company | Dual feedback control for a high-efficiency class-d power amplifier circuit |
EP0677982B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-15 | 2000-02-09 | Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten | Procédé pour commander un ballast de lampes à décharge |
KR0157093B1 (ko) * | 1994-12-22 | 1998-12-15 | 김광호 | 궤환 디밍 제어회로 |
US5798620A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1998-08-25 | Philips Electronics North America Corporation | Fluorescent lamp dimming |
US6040661A (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2000-03-21 | Lumion Corporation | Programmable universal lighting system |
JP3600976B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-14 | 2004-12-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 放電灯点灯装置 |
TW520618B (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2003-02-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fluorescent lamp operating apparatus and compact self-ballasted fluorescent lamp |
JP2002043087A (ja) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-08 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | 放電灯点灯装置及び照明装置 |
US6414449B1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-07-02 | City University Of Hong Kong | Universal electronic ballast |
-
2002
- 2002-08-30 DE DE10240807A patent/DE10240807A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-07-29 TW TW092120642A patent/TWI273863B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-05 EP EP03017859A patent/EP1395096B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-05 AT AT03017859T patent/ATE506837T1/de active
- 2003-08-05 DE DE50313622T patent/DE50313622D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-20 US US10/643,952 patent/US6933682B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-25 CA CA002437995A patent/CA2437995A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6933682B2 (en) | 2005-08-23 |
US20040051481A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
ATE506837T1 (de) | 2011-05-15 |
CA2437995A1 (fr) | 2004-03-30 |
TWI273863B (en) | 2007-02-11 |
DE50313622D1 (de) | 2011-06-01 |
EP1395096A2 (fr) | 2004-03-03 |
TW200407055A (en) | 2004-05-01 |
EP1395096A3 (fr) | 2005-09-07 |
DE10240807A1 (de) | 2004-03-11 |
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