EP1390181A1 - Profil aus holz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Profil aus holz und verfahren zu seiner herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1390181A1 EP1390181A1 EP02745122A EP02745122A EP1390181A1 EP 1390181 A1 EP1390181 A1 EP 1390181A1 EP 02745122 A EP02745122 A EP 02745122A EP 02745122 A EP02745122 A EP 02745122A EP 1390181 A1 EP1390181 A1 EP 1390181A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- profile
- wood
- plate
- wooden
- board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012999 compression bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
- B27M3/0026—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally
- B27M3/0053—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally using glue
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27H—BENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
- B27H1/00—Bending wood stock, e.g. boards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/02—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by compressing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a profile made of round or sawn timber and a method for its production.
- the profiles can be made from all sorts of softwood and hardwood, including inferior softwoods (side goods, weak logs, knotty woods), which occur in large quantities in forestry.
- Wooden cross sections are not very suitable for material-saving constructions. Economical cross-sectional shapes with a pronounced load-bearing capacity such as box or I-profiles are only used in timber construction in cases of high loads. Their manual production is complex and takes place by assembling individual cross-sections from sawn timber or wooden materials. In addition to glue, pin-shaped connecting means are often used, but this leads to a loss of rigidity of the structure.
- the use of curved cross-sectional shapes is mostly limited to round full cross-sections. Since the use of debarked logs is limited, cutting and cutting processing techniques are used for the production of logs or hollow profiles. In the case of larger dimensions, curved cross-sectional shapes or hollow bodies can currently only be produced at great expense by joining squared timbers.
- Wood is a porous, inhomogeneous material. It contains cavities arranged in different ways. These cavities are contained in the cells or are enclosed by cells.
- the lignin is plasticized in a thermo-hygric way so that the cell walls can be folded under pressure and the cavities reduced.
- the thermal change in wood components starts below 100 ° C and leads to the decomposition of hemicellulose from 200 ° C. Those caused by the warming Phase changes (solid / liquid) take place for the individual components at different temperatures.
- a method and a device for compacting wood is known from patent specification No. 601162, the wood being pressed together on several sides approximately perpendicular to the direction of the fibers and, if necessary, subjected to a heat treatment or impregnation in the pressed state.
- the compression is carried out by pressing twice in succession, so that the compression is more uniform and complete than with previously known solutions.
- the state of the art also includes synthetic resin pressed timbers and insulating solid timbers according to DIN 7707.
- the mechanical properties, the dimensional stability and the durability as well as the resistance to animal and vegetable pests can be specifically changed or improved by varying the process with regard to pressure, wood moisture, temperature and time.
- plasticizing methods for example treatment with superheated steam, steam treatment
- water-repellent impregnants which maintain the coating effect by reducing the moisture absorption due to the hydrophobization of the inherently hydrophilic wood surface.
- An example of this is the pressed solid wood known as Calignum, which is optionally impregnated before pressing and therefore does not swell when stored in moisture and thus remains dimensionally stable. It has been found that temperatures between 100 ° C and 200 ° C and pressures of 5 to 30 MPa are generally suitable for the pressing process, but have different effects on the dimensional stability. It should be noted that the moisture contained in the wood must be limited in spite of positive effects on the formability in order to minimize the risk of a steam explosion and the associated destruction of the cell structure. The compression of fresh forest wood therefore requires a coordinated heating and drying phase.
- the object of the invention is to produce profiles from wood by deforming wood without substantially destroying the wood structure.
- the object is achieved in that the profile is bent from a wooden plate, the bends run around one or more axes and the projections of the axes onto the plate essentially coincide with the direction of their fibers.
- such a profile is produced in that the woods are placed next to one another and connected to form a plate, at least part of the width of the plate over the the entire length of the board is compressed in the plane of the board and transversely to the wood fiber and the board is deformed into a profile by bending at least some of the compressed width parts.
- the profiles have a considerably higher load capacity than solid wood cross-sections with the same wood volume.
- the raw material wood is used to the maximum.
- the board can be composed of boards or construction timber, which are connected to each other on their narrow sides.
- the boards or structural timber can also be connected with their broad sides.
- the examples show how, for this purpose and with the intention of making better use of wood, round logs can be compacted on one or both sides and parts of them can be joined to form a particularly durable panel.
- a board or a plate can be additionally compacted in the direction of the main surface prior to the deformation and, as is known, thereby increasing its density and hardness.
- the maximum possible bending radius during shaping depends primarily on the degree of compaction and the plate thickness.
- the wood or the plate are made flexible or plastified using known thermo-hygric agents and / or chemicals.
- Impregnation of the wood with fungicides, fire retardants or resins can be easily classified into the technological process.
- a further advantageous embodiment results if a veneer or a technical textile is applied to the profile on one or both sides after the shaping. This allows the product to be visually upgraded, protected or reinforced.
- Figure 8 is a schematic representation to illustrate the change in the cell geometry.
- Steps a) to c) each show a cross-section: a) the cross-section through a construction timber, b) through a panel and c) a profile cross-section.
- the longitudinal expansion of the construction wood, the plate and the profile are each parallel to the longitudinal direction of the wood.
- Several construction timbers become one in step b) Panel arranged
- the two shaded construction timber were previously compacted in step a) in the direction of the arrow, ie across the grain of the wood and parallel to the panel plane.
- the wood is first heated until a temperature of 130 - 160 ° C is reached It can be done in a press or by microwave heating.
- the wood is then compressed at pressures of 5 to 30 MPa
- the degree of compaction of the wood compressed in the transverse direction is freely selectable between 1 and 3, depending on the desired deformation.
- the wood is kept in the mold and cooled to below 70 ° C in order to bring the wood components and bonds back into their solid state expediently takes place outside the shaping device while maintaining the shape obtained
- the compacted structural timber is alternately strung together in the panel with non-compacted structural timber and glued together on the narrow sides.
- the panels can be tailored as an intermediate product with regard to the cross-sectional requirements for the profile
- the plate is brought to a temperature between 70 and 200 ° C and a moisture content between 6% and fiber saturation and formed into a U-profile m shaping device.
- the shaping is carried out by stretching the compressed sections in the semi-finished products, the outer layers are particularly stretched
- the construction members are arranged with their broad sides in the plate and are connected to one another. All construction members are compressed. In this embodiment, this is achieved by the plate m specified arrow direction, that is compressed parallel to the plate and transverse to the grain.
- a plate is preferably suitable for the production of a tube. The deformation can immediately follow the compression of the panel, which means that the wood does not have to be heated again.
- a debarked log is assumed a).
- the log is first compressed in step b) across the grain.
- the semi-finished product is cut separately from the core c). This gives you two semi-finished products.
- the compressed semi-finished products are now glued to form a plate in such a way that, according to the illustration, all semi-finished products have the highest degree of compaction on the top of the plate and the lowest degree of compression on the underside.
- the high compression on the top of the plate is largely reversed, whereas the underside undergoes only a slight change in density.
- Such compacted plates can preferably be formed into columns.
- a debarked log a) is also assumed.
- the log is compacted in step b) in two directions, which are orthogonal to each other and transverse to the grain.
- the compacted wood is separated into eight triangular parts by two central and two diagonal cuts.
- the parts are then placed in a plate as seen in c). Care is taken to ensure that the main compaction directions of the parts are parallel to the plate plane.
- a wave-shaped profile is formed from this plate.
- FIG. 5 shows a number of possible profiles. Open or closed hollow profiles with oval to circular cross sections as well as triangular or rectangular cross sections with rounded corners can be produced. Wavy profiles with a small or large radius of curvature can also be produced. A conical profile is also shown. In this case, the bending radius increases with the course of the Longitudinal axis too. Starting with the upper cross-section with the smallest diameter, the cells on the inside are stretched increasingly. A truncated cone made according to this principle is shown in FIG. 6.
- Fig. 7 the bending radius also changes depending on the profile axis. In the middle, the cells on the inside are stretched more than near the front. In this way, a barrel can be made.
- the partial picture a) shows the undensified cell structure. After compression, the cavities are greatly reduced as shown in sub-picture b). It is possible to compact the wood to a degree of compaction of up to 3. In the case of a shaping for producing a cylindrical hollow profile, the upper region is stretched until the original cell structure is reached in accordance with the representation of partial image c). The lower area remains compacted.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10127400 | 2001-05-30 | ||
DE10127400 | 2001-05-30 | ||
PCT/DE2002/002030 WO2002096608A1 (de) | 2001-05-30 | 2002-05-30 | Profil aus holz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1390181A1 true EP1390181A1 (de) | 2004-02-25 |
EP1390181B1 EP1390181B1 (de) | 2006-11-22 |
Family
ID=7687339
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02745122A Expired - Lifetime EP1390181B1 (de) | 2001-05-30 | 2002-05-30 | Profil aus holz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040250912A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1390181B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3940678B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE345911T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE50208785D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002096608A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT413672B (de) * | 2002-11-04 | 2006-04-15 | Innotech Betr Stechnikgesellsc | Pressvorrichtung sowie verfahren zum pressumformen von profilen aus holz oder holzwerkstoff |
JP4257233B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-03 | 2009-04-22 | オリンパス株式会社 | 圧縮木材による筐体構造 |
EP1809452B1 (de) * | 2004-10-22 | 2008-08-20 | Olympus Corporation | Verfahren zur holzverarbeitung |
EP1809453B1 (de) | 2004-10-22 | 2008-09-24 | Olympus Corporation | Verfahren zur holzverarbeitung |
CN101258010B (zh) | 2005-09-29 | 2011-03-30 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | 加工木材的方法和压缩木材产品 |
DE102006009161B4 (de) * | 2006-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Technische Universität Dresden | Formteil aus Holz und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
FR2909582B1 (fr) * | 2006-12-08 | 2012-07-27 | A2C | Procede pour la fabrication d'au moins un assemblage de pieces en bois |
DE102007015018A1 (de) | 2007-03-24 | 2008-09-25 | Werner, Tom-Egmont, Dipl.-Ing. | Profil aus Holz und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
CA2641628C (fr) * | 2008-10-15 | 2011-10-11 | Yvan Baillargeon | Panneau latte courbe en bois massif et sa methode de fabrication |
US8399060B2 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2013-03-19 | Lifepine Products, Llc | Method for fabricating environmentally friendly shakes |
AT517869A1 (de) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-15 | Stainer Arnold | Gegenstand und Verfahren zum Herstellen des Gegenstandes |
CN106193297B (zh) * | 2016-07-11 | 2019-04-02 | 南京林业大学 | 一种建筑用c型木质结构材及其制备方法 |
DE202021001483U1 (de) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-10-18 | Mario Köhler | Vorrichtungzur Bündelung von Materialstangen |
DE202021001482U1 (de) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-31 | Mario Köhler | Vorrichtung zum Zuführen gebündelter Dünnholzstangen zu einer Pressstation |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1457974A (en) * | 1920-04-24 | 1923-06-05 | Hanemann Max | Process for making wood everlastingly flexible |
US2017037A (en) * | 1932-06-10 | 1935-10-15 | Brown John | Process of treating wood for surface ornamentation |
US3637446A (en) * | 1966-01-24 | 1972-01-25 | Uniroyal Inc | Manufacture of radial-filament spheres |
DK175650B1 (da) * | 1996-10-04 | 2005-01-03 | Mywood Corp | Fremgangsmåde til hydrostatisk trykformning af træ |
JP3968607B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-10 | 2007-08-29 | 光彦 棚橋 | 木質材の三次元加工方法 |
SE9703776D0 (sv) * | 1997-10-16 | 1997-10-16 | Lindhe Curt | Nytt material och förfarande för dess framställning |
-
2002
- 2002-05-30 DE DE50208785T patent/DE50208785D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-30 WO PCT/DE2002/002030 patent/WO2002096608A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-30 AT AT02745122T patent/ATE345911T1/de active
- 2002-05-30 JP JP2002593110A patent/JP3940678B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-30 DE DE10224721A patent/DE10224721B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-30 US US10/479,439 patent/US20040250912A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-05-30 EP EP02745122A patent/EP1390181B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02096608A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50208785D1 (de) | 2007-01-04 |
US20040250912A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
JP2004521787A (ja) | 2004-07-22 |
JP3940678B2 (ja) | 2007-07-04 |
DE10224721B4 (de) | 2006-11-16 |
DE10224721A1 (de) | 2003-01-02 |
EP1390181B1 (de) | 2006-11-22 |
ATE345911T1 (de) | 2006-12-15 |
WO2002096608A1 (de) | 2002-12-05 |
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