Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
  • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
  • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
  • F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air above the fire

Definitions

• the present invention is of the field of heating techniques and relates to a novel solid fuel burning (firing) method and boiler for central heating.
• the boiler also supplies hot water for domestic purpose.
• heating equipment consisted of loading - primary and secondary combustion chambers.
• the primary combustion chamber is connected at the bottom through the grating to an air feeding - ash collection chamber and to the secondary combustion chamber, as well.
• the wall of the secondary combustion chamber is double, where there is a reservoir with water.
• In the secondary combustion chamber there are more than two hollow, filled with water partitions, which prolong the smoke path into the chimney and increase the output of heat.
• Air feeding to the primary combustion chamber is controlled by opening the door of air feeding - ash collection chamber, while to the secondary combustion chamber - by opening the air-feeding valve (See patent LT 4588 B).
• the construction of such a boiler is complex; imperfection of its operation is that fuel burning in the primary combustion chamber is not effective.
• the primary combustion chamber of such a boiler also uses fuel burning from the bottom up to the top. Hot gas first rises up, preheats the whole charge, then cool gas sets down and during quenching the combustion in the primary chamber it flows into the secondary combustion chamber.
• the object of the present invention is to propose a novel method of solid fuel burning, which will allow increasing the performance of boilers operation and simplifying their construction.
• the said purpose is achieved when solid fuel charged into the combustion chamber is fired up, air fed into the combustion focus and distributed in it from the above.
• the essential operational characters are specified as the following: - the air is fed by the tube with the air distributor at the end, which leans on the fuel in the combustion chamber and gets down, when fuel volume in the combustion chamber decreases.
• the heating boiler comprises a combustion chamber, which a double wall has a reservoir filled with water to be heated, a smoke outlet opening, fuel charge and ash removal openings with doors and outputs of water inlet and outlet, the combustion chamber is installed vertically and is of the shape of a rounded or polygon cylinder, on .the top of which there is a hole, where there is an air feeding tube able to move freely up and down with an air distributor at the end leaning on the fuel in the combustion chamber, installed.
• - air distributor is hollow and is of disc shape, on the upper zone of which there is the tip for its connection to the air feeding tube, and on the lower zone of which there is a cone head.
• On the peripheral zone of the air distributor on the tip, at the narrow end of the head and its sides there are holes, contacting with the internal cavity of the air distributor.
• the disc area of the air distributor constitutes 0,3 - 0,5 of cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber.
• the air feeding tube is of the shape of a telescope construction striving to decrease its length ( a tube of a less diameter is put into another tube and is able to move freely inside this tube).
• the heating boiler comprises of the main parts as the following: combustion chamber 1 , air feeding tube 2, air distributor 3, cover 4 and air transmission cylinder 5 connected to it, protective housing 6 and heat insulating wrap 7.
• the combustion chamber 1 is of the shape of a vertical cylinder and has double wall, i.e. internal 8 and external 9.
• the reservoir in the wall is filled with water 10.
• In the upper part of the combustion chamber 1 there is an opening of smoke outlet 11 and a fuel charge opening 12.
• At the bottom part of the combustion chamber 1 there is an ash removal opening 13.
• Fuel charge and ash removal openings 12 and 13 has doors respectively to 14 and 15.
• the top of the combustion chamber 1 is covered with a cover 4 and a transmission cylinder 5 is inside upper part of the combustion chamber 1. Between the transmission cylinder 5 and the internal wall 8 of the combustion chamber 1 there is a gap 16 thus smoke is directed along the wall 8.
• the bottom of the transmission cylinder 5 has a partition prolonging the path of smoke up to the outlet opening 11.
• the air feeding tube 2 is of telescopic construction striving to decrease its length (a tube of a less diameter is put into another tube of a larger diameter and is able to move freely inside this tube).
• the air feeding tube 2 shown in the drawing consists of three tubes of different diameters.
• the air feeding tube 2 is put into the inside of the combustion chamber 1 via the hole in the bottom of the transmission cylinder 5.
• the air distributor 3 is hollow and of disc shape. On its upper zone there is a tip 18, and on the lower zone - a cone head 19. On the peripheral zone of the air distributor 3, on the tip 18 and at the narrow end and sides of the head 19 there are holes respectively to 3a, 18a, 19a and 19b, contacting to the internal cavity of the air distributor.
• the air distributor 3 is connected to the internal air feeding tube 2a via the tip 18.
• To the internal air feeding tube 2a there is a thin rope 20 attached which is led out into the exterior of the heating boiler through the cover 4 and over pulleys 21 and 22.
• valve 23 installed at the opening of air inlet 17.
• the heating boiler is mounted on the foundation 24 produced of bricks or fireproofing concrete.
• the drawing does not show any outputs of water inlet and outlet.
• the preparation of the heating boiler for combustion is as the following.
• the air distributor 3 with the air feeding tube 2 is drawn (lifted) to the bottom of the transmission cylinder 5.
• the door 14 is opened, and through the fuel charge opening 12 fuel is charged into the combustion chamber 1 up to its top; on the top there is kindling put; when the rope 20 is released the air distributor 3 leans on the kindling and the top part of fuel.
• the heating boiler functions as the following.
• the kindling is fired through the fuel charge opening 12 and the door 14 is closed.
• the burning of fuel its volume in the combustion chamber 1 is decreasing and the focus of combustion is getting (sliding) down.
• the air distributor 3 is leaning on fuel burning, it is also getting down up to the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 until fuel burns away completely.
• the fuel burning released heat is transferred to the water 10 through the wall 8. Combustion is occured as the following.
• the air with the help of the air distribution 3 is distributed so that one part of air gets directly into the focus of combustion through the holes 19a and 19b, the second part gets onto the edges of the focus through the hole 3a, and the third air part gets over the air distributor 3 through the hole 18a.
• the air getting into the focus of combustion through the head 19 (holes 19a and 19b) is used in CO generation, the air getting through the hole 3a, is partly used for CO generation and partly for CO combustion, and the air getting in through the hole 18a is used for CO combustion.
• Air fed to the combustion chamber is distributed as the following: 40-60% gets into the focus of combustion, 10-30% gets onto the edges of the combustion focus, 20-40% - over the combustion focus.
• the heating boiler described above bums fire - wood and other wooden craps, e.g. sawdust.
• the power of the heating boiler depends on the area of the combustion chamber cross - section, time of combustion - on the height of combustion chamber. Intensity of fuel combustion may be defined manually or by automatic monitoring of the draught gauge by opening or closing the valve
• the method of solid fuel combustion proposed above may be applied to heating equipment with various powers.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
• Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
• Air Supply (AREA)
• Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
• Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
• Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
• Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
• Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=19721538

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (21)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2001
  • 2001-04-19 LT LT2001044A patent/LT4998B/lt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2002
  • 2002-04-12 AT AT02764106T patent/ATE375480T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-04-12 EP EP02764106A patent/EP1389286B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-04-12 WO PCT/LT2002/000003 patent/WO2002086390A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2002-04-12 EA EA200301136A patent/EA005303B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-04-12 PL PL368070A patent/PL202124B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-04-12 EE EEP200300508A patent/EE04976B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-04-12 DE DE60222887T patent/DE60222887T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2003
  • 2003-10-21 LV LVP-03-117A patent/LV13136B/en unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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