EP1389167B1 - Device for handling valuable product mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for handling valuable product mixtures (6), particularly for tearing open, distributing and conveying plastic sacks (5) filled with valuable products (8) as well as the valuable products contained therein. To this end, the device (1) comprises at least two conveying means (2; 17, 18), which are arranged essentially parallel to one another, are driven by a drive (3), and execute to-and-fro movements in at least two different spatial directions (x, x'; y, y'). The conveying means (2; 17, 18) move in opposite directions during at least one of the movements, and at least one of the movements ensues in a manner that is approximately parallel to a direction of conveyance (x').

Description

The invention relates to a device for treating mixed recyclables according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the prior art, DE 196 18 076 C1 shows. It describes an apparatus and a method for dissolving material compartments from recycled material. It is designed to release and squeeze compacted plastic bales or recycled materials stored in collection sacks. The sorted recycling material should not be further shredded and should be cleaned of any foreign materials or contamination underneath. For this purpose, sieves and shelves are arranged between the conveying means, which allow fractionation.

Another such device is known for example from DE 195 00 327 A1. For the automatic removal of packages collected in plastic bags, it is intended to arrange side by side swords to run at different speeds with the chains equipped with ripping knives.

The object of the invention is to optimize the device, in particular with regard to unwanted material return, wear, cleaning and investment costs.

This object is achieved on the basis of the features of the preamble of claim 1 by the characterizing features of claim 1. The features mentioned in the dependent claims advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are possible.

The device according to the invention for the treatment of valuable mixtures has at least two substantially parallel to each other arranged conveying means which perform in at least two different spatial directions reciprocating movements, wherein the conveying means in at least one of the movements move in opposite directions and at least one of the movements is approximately parallel to a provided conveyor. As a result, it is possible to completely dispense with movable or driven components fastened to the conveying means. Thus, the structure of the device is simple and therefore inexpensive. Furthermore, such a device, in contrast to a device with circulating on swords drive chains causes no return transport of packaging or bags, since no rotating or returning machine parts are present.

An advantageous embodiment of the subject invention provides that the two types of movement are approximately perpendicular to each other. Perpendicular to each other running movements are easy to realize by a crank drive, eccentric discs or the combination of two linear drives. In particular, the lifting and lowering movement of trained as strips swords leads to the emptying of the bags. The forward and backward movement is used to tear and transport the sacks or packaging material. Due to the at least partially opposing movements of the swords a particularly effective tearing of the bags is possible.

A further advantageous embodiment of the subject invention provides to arrange the drive preferably at one of the ends of the funding. As a result, the device in a middle and front area, in which the bags are abandoned, torn and transported together with the packaging material, free of Drive means, that is, the conveyor protrude jumpboard-like, freely beyond the drive. Thus, there is no risk that cords or long sheets wrap around rotating drive parts and interfere with the operation of the device. Also, it is not possible that material is fed back into the rear part of the device in which the drive is arranged.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the subject invention, it is provided to store the elongated board-like conveying means in different positions eccentrically and rotatably mounted on a shaft and with a respective second bearing point eccentrically and rotatably mounted on a second shaft or rotatable and displaceable in a guide store or support it with a support. As a result, up / down movements and forward / backward movements can be generated in a simple manner.

Furthermore, the invention provides to connect the individual funding or groups of funding each with a lifting means and a pushing means, in which case preferably hydraulic and / or pneumatic cylinders are used. In this way, a device can be realized, which contains no rotatable drive parts and in which, for example, an up / down movement and a forward / backward movement are independent of each other executable. This makes it possible by changing the power stroke and / or the working stroke influence on the movement itself and the oppositeness and co-axiality of two own drive own funding to take. By changing the drive parameters, the device can be optimally adjusted to the material mixture to be separated.

An embodiment of the subject invention provides to form the lifting / pushing means as driven by an eccentric connecting rod, the pivotally the subsidy is coupled. By such a construction, it is also possible to influence the opposition and concurrency of the individual swords or individual groups of swords, which have their own drives.

Furthermore, the invention provides to form the funding as a sword or group of swords, the sword has at least on an upwardly facing side gripping and / or tearing means such as teeth, hooks and knives. As a result, both the tearing of the bags and the transport of the valuable materials is guaranteed. Through the formation of groups of swords, the working width and the throughput of the device can be arbitrarily extended, with no additional drive means are required and the drives must be designed stronger if necessary.

Furthermore, it is provided to arrange the gripping and / or tearing means on a support and to connect this by easy to be solved and to be fastened securing means with the funding. This greatly facilitates the exchange of gripping and / or tearing means and requires only a short downtime of the machine to replace the gripping and / or tearing means.

An embodiment variant of the invention provides for arranging at least one nozzle on the conveying means or in the vicinity of the conveying means, by means of which compressed air and / or water and / or cleaning agent can be applied to the intermediate spaces between the conveying means and / or to the gripping and / or tearing means is. As a result, a quick cleaning of the device is also possible during operation.

Furthermore, it is advantageous preferably to arrange conveyors or swords from different groups next to each other to each other adjacent funding to perform opposite or partially opposite movements.

According to a further embodiment, it is provided to arrange retaining fingers in a front region of the conveying means, which are fastened by means of springs or elastic components to a frame of the device and retain the sacks on the conveying means. As a result, a quick removal of the sacks is prevented by simple means and a tearing of the bags and distributing or separating the valuable materials ensured.

A special embodiment of the subject invention provides for the emptied sacks or blotchy films in an opposite end of the drive range of the funding of these on a spiked roller and / or a suction device and / or a blowing device deducted. This allows early sorting of the sacks or sacks of bags and facilitates the subsequent sorting process or the screening and / or sifting.

Further details of the invention are described in the drawing with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments.

Fig. 1

eine vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wertstoffgemischen,

Fig. 2

bis 4 eine schematische Darstellung des Bewegungsablaufes der Fördermittel,

Fig. 5

einen Kurbelantrieb für drei Schwerter,

Fig. 6

einen Linearantrieb für zwei Schwerter und

Fig. 7

zwei Gruppen von Schwertern.

Hereby shows:

Fig. 1

a simplified side view of a device for the treatment of valuable mixtures,

Fig. 2

to 4 a schematic representation of the movement sequence of the conveying means,

Fig. 5

a crank drive for three swords,

Fig. 6

a linear drive for two swords and

Fig. 7

two groups of swords.

Description of the embodiments:

Fig. 1 shows a simplified side view of a device 1. The device 1 consists essentially of conveying means 2, which are horizontally movable in directions x, x 'and vertically in directions y, y', a drive 3 for the conveyor 2 and a memory 4, via which a packed plastic bags 5 recyclable mixture 6 is fed to the conveyor 2. Furthermore, the device 1 is associated with a conveyor belt 7, which promotes in a front area I and a middle area II of the conveyor 2 delivered recyclables 8 in a storage bunker 9. The conveyor belt 7 is driven by an electric motor 10. On the memory 4, a retaining finger 12 is fixed by a spring 11, which forms a transverse to the conveying direction x 'locking fence 13 together with other retaining fingers, not shown. The barrier fence 13 prevents the further conveyance not torn plastic bags 5 and large lumps of recyclables 8. Thus, it is ensured that the conveyor 2 only a few recyclables 8 to the conveyor belt 7 and the storage bunker 9 deliver. In a rear region III of the conveyor 2, the drive 3 is arranged. The drive means 14 is an electric motor 15 and driven by this, not shown movement mechanism 16. The funding means 2 are formed by two swords 17, 18 and have a top 19 on which gripping and / or tearing means 20 are arranged. The movement of the conveyor 2 of the device 1 is set so that the swords 17, 18 in the horizontal and / or vertical direction in each case move in opposite directions.

2 to 4, the movement mechanism 16 of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 is shown schematically. The movement mechanism 16 consists essentially of two discs 21, 22 which are arranged in a rear region III of the conveying means 2 or swords 17, 18. The disc 21 is driven in the direction of arrow a by the electric motor 15 shown in FIG. 1 and rotates about a midpoint M. Eccentrically to the center M, the swords 17, 18 with an eccentricity e ₁₇ or e _{18 are} rotatable at pivot points D ₁₇ and D ₁₈ attached. The attachment of the swords 17, 18 on the disc 22 is analogous to attachment of the swords 17, 18 carried out on the disc 21, wherein the disc 22 does not have its own drive, but on the disc 21 and the swords 17, 18 is driven. A rotation of the disc 21 by 90 ° in the direction of arrow a causes a movement of the sword 17 forward in the direction of arrow x 'and down in the direction of arrow y' and a movement of the sword 18 to the rear in the direction of arrow x and up in the direction of arrow y. In this case, the speed of the swords 17, 18 in the individual direction components x, x 'or y, y' increases or decreases in a sinusoidal or cosinusoidal manner. Fig. 2 shows a "0 ° position" A of the swords 17, 18. In Fig. 3, a "300 ° position" B of the swords 17, 18 is shown. A return from the position B in the position A by a 60 ° rotation of the disc 21 in the direction of arrow a. Here, the sword 17 is moved in the direction of arrow x 'forward and in the direction of arrow y upwards and the sword 18 in the direction of arrow y' down and in the direction of arrow x moves backwards. In Fig. 3, the swords 17, 18 are shown in a 270 ° position C. In this position, the tops 19 of the swords 17, 18 lie in a common plane E. In the example shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the swords 17, 18 offset by 180 ° to each other on the disc 21 eccentrically and rotatably arranged. This means that both the horizontal and the vertical movements of the swords 17, 18 during rotation of the disc 21 to 360 ° are always in opposite directions. In Fig. 2 the connection of the sword 17 via a first bearing point 23 with the disc 21 and a second bearing point 24 with the disc 22 is further shown. Accordingly, the connection of the sword 18 via a first bearing point 25 to the disc 21 and a second bearing point 26 to the disc 22. The discs 21, 22 form a first driven shaft 27 and a second follower shaft 28. According to an embodiment, not shown, it is provided , the swords offset by 90 ° eccentrically and rotatably attached to the disc 21. As a result, then only a vertical or horizontal movement of the swords is opposite in a 360 ° rotation of the disc 21. According to another embodiment, not shown, it is provided to arrange the conveyor to the front region I sloping or rising. This makes it possible to influence the promotion or the screening effect. On to the front region I inclined funds carried by the gravitational force acting on the valuable materials faster delivery. On rising to the front area I funds carried out a thorough screening, since the forward movement of the valuable materials by gravity is difficult.

In Fig. 5 is a detail of a perspective view of a drive 3 for a device 1 is shown. The drive 3 of the conveyor 2 is realized here by means of cranks 29, 30. The crank 29 is connected via a first driven shaft 27 with an electric motor 15. The second crank 30 is rotatably mounted on a frame 31 of the device 1 via a second shaft 28. About the crank 29, the drive of three swords 17, 18, 32. Wherein the swords 17 and 32 are guided parallel to each other and form a group 33. "Parallel to each other" in this case means identical eccentricity of the swords 17, 32 to the shafts 27, 28 and the same angular position of crank arms 34. On the swords 17, 18, 32 shown in Fig. 5, supports 35 are mounted on which gripping and / or tearing means are arranged in a region, not shown.

Fig. 6 shows conveyor 2 and a drive 3 of a further device 1. The drive 3 is formed by lifting means 36 and pushing means 37 which are in communication with the conveying means 2. As a lifting means 36 hydraulic cylinders 38, 39 are used. As a pushing means 37 hydraulic cylinders 40, 41 are provided. A trained as a first sword conveyor 17 3 is connected to the hydraulic cylinders 38, 39, 40 in connection. Piston rods 38a, 39a of the hydraulic cylinders 38, 39 are guided in oblong holes 42, 43 of the sword 17. Thus, a displacement of the sword 17 by the horizontally disposed hydraulic cylinder 40 in the direction of arrow x 'or x is possible. The trained as a second sword 18 funding 2 also has slots 44, 45, in which piston rods 46a, 47a are guided by not shown in Fig. 6 further hydraulic cylinders. In the horizontal direction, the sword 18 is movable over the hydraulic cylinder 41. A method of the swords 17, 18 in the direction of arrows y, y 'carried by the only partially shown lifting means 36. By simultaneous and / or successively connected movements of the swords 17 and 18 associated lifting means 36 and Schubmittel 37 can be step-like conveying movements of the swords 17th , 18, wherein the conveying means in an upper position perform a forward movement in the direction of arrow x 'and execute a backward movement in the direction x in an underlying position. By means of a corresponding control, the movement of the swords 17, 18 which can be carried out by means of a crank or an eccentric can also be traced with such a device.

In Fig. 7 conveyor 2 are shown in fragmentary perspective view. In detail, the conveying means 2 are swords 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50. The swords 17, 32, 49 form a group 33 whose upper side 19 lies in a common plane E ₁ . A second group 51 is formed by the swords 18, 48, 50, the top 19 is located in a common plane E ₂ . The groups 33, 51 are arranged relative to one another such that - viewed in an arrow direction z - respective conveying means 2 belonging to different groups 33, 51 are located next to one another.

The invention is not limited to illustrated or described embodiments. Rather, it includes further training within the scope of the protective rights claims. In particular, the invention also provides for the use of nozzles in the region of the conveying means in order to clean the conveying means, their intermediate spaces or gripping and / or tearing means. In this case, it is provided to fasten the nozzles to the conveying means and to supply them with a cleaning medium via flexible hoses which compensate for the movement of the conveying means. Furthermore, the invention also provides for the use of telescopic or extendable swords to adjust the device flexibly to different requirements.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

2

funding

3

drive

4

Storage

5

Plastic bag

6

Mixture of valuable materials

7

conveyor belt

8th

recyclables

9

storage bunker

10

electric motor

11

feather

12

Retaining fingers

13

security fence

14

drive means

15

electric motor

16

movement mechanism

17

sword

18

sword

19

top

20

Gripping and / or tearing means

21

disc

22

disc

23

first bearing point (from 17)

24

second bearing point (from 17)

25

first bearing point (out of 18)

26

second bearing point (out of 18)

27

first, driven shaft

28

second wave

29

crank

30

crank

31

frame

32

sword

33

group

34

crank

35

carrier

36

lifting means

37

shear center

38

hydraulic cylinders

38a

piston rod

39

hydraulic cylinders

39a

piston rod

40

hydraulic cylinders

41

hydraulic cylinders

42 - 45

Long hole

46a

piston rod

47a

piston rod

48 - 50

sword

51

group

Claims (12)

1. Device (1) for handling valuable product mixtures (6), in particular for tearing up, distributing and transporting plastic sacks (5) filled with valuable products (8) and the valuable products (8) contained therein, whereby the device (1) comprises at least two conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) arranged virtually parallel to one another which are driven by a drive (3) and perform opposite back and forth movements in at least two different directions in space (x or x', y or y'), whereby the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) move up and down and back and forth parallel to a conveyor device (x'), characterised in that the individual conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) are in the form of a sword (17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) or group (33, 51) of swords (17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) and are so far spaced apart from one another that the valuable products (8) released from the plastic sacks (5) placed thereon fall at least partly between the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the directions of the movements of the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) are roughly perpendicular to one another.
3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) have two ends, whereby the drive (3) is preferably arranged at one end.
4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) are mounted eccentrically and rotatably on a shaft (27, 28) in different positions with a respective first bearing point (23, 25) and with a second bearing point (24, 26) are guided eccentrically and rotatably or rotatably and displaceably or in a supported manner.
5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) are connected respectively with a lifting means (36) and a pushing means (37), whereby the lifting/pushing means (36, 37) is preferably in the form of a hydraulic cylinder (38, 39, 40, 41) and/or pneumatic cylinder.
6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lifting or pushing means (36, 37) is in the form of a connecting rod driven by an eccentric disc, which is coupled pivotably onto the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50).
7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sword (17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) comprises on at least one upwards pointing side (19) gripping and/or tearing means (20) such as teeth, hooks and blades.
8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the gripping and/or tearing means (20) are arranged on a carrier (35) which is preferably secured by means of at least one rapid clamping device on the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50).
9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) or in the vicinity of the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) at least one nozzle is arranged, which is preferably operated by compressed air and/or water, whereby the nozzle is directed to intermediate spaces between the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) and an adjacent conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) and/or the gripping and/or tearing means (20).
10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that preferably conveyor means (2) or swords (17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) from different groups (33, 51) are arranged next to one another.
11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the swords (17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50) are designed to have an essentially rectangular shape with for example a length of 2m, a rear width of 20 mm and height of 20 cm
12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on a frame (3) or a storage device (4) of the device (3) retaining fingers (12) are arranged via springs (11) and/or elastic elements, which in a front region (I) of the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32,48,49, 50) form a barrier (13) lying over the conveyor means (2; 17, 18, 32, 48, 49, 50).

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