EP1387739A1 - Demolition hammer and/or hammer drill with a percussion device suitable for freely striking clamped objects - Google Patents
Demolition hammer and/or hammer drill with a percussion device suitable for freely striking clamped objectsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1387739A1 EP1387739A1 EP02750901A EP02750901A EP1387739A1 EP 1387739 A1 EP1387739 A1 EP 1387739A1 EP 02750901 A EP02750901 A EP 02750901A EP 02750901 A EP02750901 A EP 02750901A EP 1387739 A1 EP1387739 A1 EP 1387739A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- percussion
- tool
- impact
- free
- hammer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D17/08—Means for retaining and guiding the tool bit, e.g. chucks allowing axial oscillation of the tool bit
- B25D17/084—Rotating chucks or sockets
- B25D17/086—Rotating chucks or sockets with a swinging yoke or latching means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hammer and / or hammer drill according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the tool e.g. B. a chisel or a drill, wedged or jammed in the rock. While with a little practice drilling the drill can usually prevent the tool from jamming, even demolition work with a large impact hammer does not always allow even the skilled worker to avoid wedging or jamming the chisel.
- Remedy has created a striking device, which has become known from DE 197 31 732 AI. If the tool is jammed, the person operating the hammer or rotary hammer can switch on a free-kicking device by which the drive force is deflected so that it acts on the tool against the main direction of impact, which - as tests have shown - have resulted in the tool being jammed in a few strokes can be exempted.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a hammer and / or hammer drill of the generic type in such a way that a simplified switchover - without operator effort - takes place between normal operation and free-kick operation, based on a strength-wise principle and good sealability must be ensured.
- hammer and / or hammer drill according to claim 1 a switchover from the main hammer state to the free-hammer state takes place when the hammer and / or hammer drill is pulled away from the material to be machined when the tool is jammed.
- the operator removes the hammer intuitively when he detects that the tool is jammed. Since the switchover to the free stroke state then takes place, the operator does not need any further devices, such as, for. B. slide lever or the like, operate, which significantly reduces the operating effort.
- a tensile force is generated in or on the tool, which is detected by a force detection device or in another physical quantity, such as. B. a way is changed.
- the force detection device interacts with a switchover device in such a way that - if the tensile force exceeds a predetermined threshold value - the switchover device causes a switchover to the free stroke state. This means that the operator has to pull the hammer at least with a certain predetermined force so that the switchover to the free stroke state takes place.
- the force detection device and the switching device are advantageously part of the impact conversion device. If the components of the impact conversion device can be used for several functions at the same time in this way, additional, possibly sensitive or maintenance-sensitive components are unnecessary.
- the tensile force acting on the tool is proportional to an axial displacement of the tool relative to the rest of the hammer.
- the force detection device uses the axial displacement of the tool, eg. B. can measure against the action of a spring. If the axial displacement of the tool exceeds a predefined path, it can be concluded that the predefined threshold value for the tensile force has also been exceeded.
- the axial displacement can be directly transferred to the Switching device forwarded and used to switch to the free hit state.
- the tensile force acting on the tool can also be determined by means of suitable force sensors if there is no axial displacement of the tool relative to the rest of the hammer.
- the signals from the force sensors are then to be passed on to the switching device in a suitable manner.
- the impact converting device has a first part which can be displaced into the effective range of the percussion piston in the free-impact state, and a second part which can be brought into positive contact with a stop provided on the tool, movement of the tool via the second part can be transferred to the first part of the impact converting device in order to bring it into the effective range of the tool.
- the percussion converting device creates an operative connection between the percussion piston and the stop on the tool, so that the percussion piston can act indirectly on the tool in the free-impact direction.
- the striking conversion device has a free-stroke plunger which can be brought into the effective range of the striking piston of the striking mechanism and an extension which engages behind a collar of the tool.
- the impact conversion device is biased by a spring in such a way that the free-stroke ram is not in the effective range of the impact piston in the main impact state.
- the hammer and / or hammer drill is subdivided into a drive unit and a tool unit, each of which has a housing and can be coupled to one another by mechanical connection of the housing, the impact surface of the impact piston being in the coupling region of the drive unit that is open against the tool unit.
- the striking surface of the tool shank and the striking surface of the firing plunger are opposite in the coupling area of the tool unit such that in the main striking state the firing plunger is removed by the return spring from the effective range of the percussion piston and at the same time under the action of this return spring on a gear member belonging to the striking conversion device is supported, which projects with an extension into the movement path of the stop surface provided on the tool, the stop surface reaching the extension when the tool is in an idle state has removed the shaft from the effective area of the percussion piston, so that when this movement of the tool continues, the stop surface acts on the gear member against the action of the return spring and, when the spring force is overcome, moves the free-action plunger into the effective area of the percussion piston.
- connection dimensions are only observed in the connection area and the striking surfaces of the tool and the free-action plunger are opposite the striking piston. There is extensive freedom with regard to the appropriate design of the impact conversion device.
- the stop is preferably a collar widening the tool cross section.
- the transmission link is a reversing lever which is mounted on the housing so as to be rotatable about a first axis, wherein according to a further embodiment the transmission link is assigned a lock which is suitable for restricting its angle of rotation between two limit positions, such that the extension is always in the The stop of the stop protrudes and the free-stroke tappet is located in one limit position in the range of action of the percussion piston and in the other limit position just outside this range of action.
- the lock is a locking and unlocking lever, which represents about a Z axis of rotation is parallel of the transmission member and supported by this having a spacing axis rotatably on the housing and can be fixed by a latching connection in a blocking and locking position in its angular position relative to the housing, that a pin formed on the gear link engages in a link on the locking and unlocking lever, which in its locking and locking position limits the angle of rotation of the gear link between the two limit positions, while after overcoming the latching connection the locking and unlocking lever locks in an unlocking position.
- Position is pivotable, in which the link has pivoted the gear member into a position in which the extension is outside the path of movement of the stop on the tool.
- the unlocking lever consists of two legs which are axially spaced from one another and which are connected by a web at their ends remote from the axle and which are each provided with an axle stub on their outer sides facing away from one another for storage in the housing , and that the gear member engages in the space between the two legs, while its axis is outside the pivoting range of the locking and unlocking lever.
- FIG. 1b shows a section parallel to the axial section according to FIG. La, which is somewhat offset towards the viewer compared to the section according to FIG. La,
- Lc is a perspective view of the tool unit in the main impact state
- FIG. 2a shows a representation of the idle state corresponding to FIG.
- 2c is a perspective view of the tool unit in the idle state
- FIG. 3a shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1a in the free strike position (free hit state), / 09229
- FIG. 3b shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1b in the free strike position
- 3c is a perspective view of the tool unit in the free position
- FIG. 4a is a representation corresponding to FIG. La in the open position with the tool removed
- FIG. 4b shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1b in the open position with the tool removed and
- 4c is a perspective view of the tool unit in the open position with the tool removed.
- a tool unit designated as a whole by 10 is shown of a hammer and / or rotary hammer.
- the one impact generation device known per se, z. B. an air spring hammer mechanism containing drive unit is omitted for simplicity. It contains, for example, a crank mechanism driven by an electric motor and a drive piston which can be moved in the axial direction by this crank mechanism and which is axially movable in a hollow cylindrical recess of a percussion piston.
- the percussion piston is arranged in a housing of the drive unit such that it can move axially in such a way that its end face, which is referred to as the striking surface and serves to transmit power to the tool in a main impact direction, is located in the region of a housing opening which faces the tool unit 10 to be connected to the drive unit.
- a striker serving as an intermediate element can also be arranged between the percussion piston and the tool.
- all types of striking mechanisms are suitable for the application of the invention.
- the tool unit has a housing 12 which is penetrated by a central guide channel 14 for the shaft 16 of a tool 18, for example a chisel, which has a hexagonal cross section.
- the housing 12 is provided at its coupling end 20 associated with the drive unit with a cylindrical projection 22 which contains an annular groove 24 on its outside for receiving a seal.
- This approach 22 can be used in an associated receptacle on the housing of the drive unit, not shown.
- a flange 28 provided with bores 26 on the housing 12 of the tool unit 10 serves for the mechanical connection of the tool unit 10 and the drive unit. The connection can be made quickly and easily with two screws. No further measures are required to couple the two units.
- the tool 18 is provided with a collar 30, for the reception of which the guide channel 14 is provided with a cross-sectional widening 32 in the end section of the housing 12 facing away from the shoulder 22.
- Their length is dimensioned such that the tool 18 is prevented from moving further in the direction of the shoulder 22 by the contact of the collar 30 at the end of the cross-sectional widening 32 when the shaft 16 in the area of the shoulder 22 extends so far out of the housing 12 the range of motion of the percussion piston, not shown, protrudes so that it can transmit its percussion movement to the tool 18.
- This situation assumed in the main impact state and referred to as the impact position is shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c.
- the end of the housing 12 facing the drive unit is provided with a trough-like recess 34, in the center of which the guide channel 14 opens.
- a guide channel opens next to the guide channel 14 36 for a free blow ram 38.
- This guide channel 36 approaches the guide channel 14 at an acute angle in the direction of the recess 34.
- the guide channel 36 encloses the cylindrical free-stroke plunger 38, which has an enlarged cross section in its end section 42 facing away from the recess 34 , through which a shoulder 44 is formed.
- a longitudinal slot 46 is formed in the end section 42 and is traversed by a pin 48 fastened in the housing 12, as a result of which the free-stroke ram 38 is prevented from rotating.
- the end of the free-stroke plunger 38 facing away from the recess 34 has a contact surface 50 which runs obliquely to the plunger axis and is oriented approximately at right angles to the axis of a piston 52 which is movably guided in the housing 12 in the axial direction and which is part of an impact conversion device 54 which is essentially between two flanges 56a and 56b arranged on the housing 12 and parallel to one another is arranged.
- the impact converting device 54 further comprises two congruent legs 58a and 58b of a locking and unlocking lever 58, which are connected to one another by a web 60 at the free lever end.
- the legs 58a and 58b are each rotatably mounted on one of the flanges 56a and 56b by stub axles 62 arranged coaxially to one another.
- a gear link or cam 64 which serves as a deflection lever and locking bolt and which is mounted on the flanges 56a and 56b outside the pivoting range claimed by the locking and unlocking lever 58 by means of an axis 66 parallel to the stub axles 62.
- a pin 68 connected to the curve piece 64 engages in scenes 70 formed congruently on the legs 58a and 58b.
- the curve piece 64 is also provided with an extension 72 which, in the impact position shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, projects into the path of movement of the collar 30 on the tool 18, but the collar 30 does not extend as far as the extension 72 during the impact operation of the tool 18 arrives.
- a helical compression spring 74 serving as a return spring surrounds the free-stroke plunger 38, which pulls the free-stroke plunger 38 back out of the recess 34 and presses with its contact surface 50 against the piston 52, which in turn rests on Curve piece 64 supports and transmits a torque acting counterclockwise in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, by means of which the pin 68 is supported in the links 70 and thus on the locking and unlocking lever 58.
- the locking and unlocking lever 58 has on its periphery a cam-like projection 76 which lies against an elastic sleeve 78 which surrounds the axis 66.
- this sleeve 78 is sufficient to hold the locking and unlocking lever 58 in the position shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, as a result of which the curve piece 64 also maintains its position and the extension 72 is held in the path of the collar 30.
- the locking and unlocking lever 58 is additionally fixed in that the piston 52 is pressed against the cam piece 64 due to the action of the helical compression spring 74.
- the curve piece 64 carries the pin 68 and presses it into the position shown in FIG. 1b in the link 70 against the locking and unlocking lever 58. Due to the force introduced by the pin 68 and acting about the axis 66, a torque becomes around the axle stub 62 generates that the locking and unlocking lever 58 presses about the stub shaft 62 into the position shown in FIG. 1 a against a stop 82 which will be explained later.
- the helical compression spring 74 also indirectly causes the locking and unlocking lever 58 to be held in the position shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c.
- the tool 18 will slide out of the housing 12 a certain length in the usual working posture of the device with the tool tip pointing downward, until the collar 30 is stopped by the extension 72 becomes. This is the idle position according to FIGS. 2a to 2c, in which the tool 18 is not acted upon by the percussion piston and the free-blow device does not come into effect either.
- the striking mechanism changes in a known manner to an idling state in which the percussion piston does not strike. If the operator pulls the hammer harder after idling and the tool is jammed in the material to be machined, it cannot take part in the retracting movement of the hammer. The tensile force exerted by the operator on the device comes into effect on the extension 72 and tends to pull the tool 18 out of its clamped position on its collar 30. Due to the resistance of the clamped tool 18, the force of the helical compression spring 74 is overcome.
- the curve piece 64 rotates clockwise in the drawing, lifts the piston 52 and presses the release plunger 38 against the action of the helical compression spring 74 into the range of motion of the percussion piston, as a result of which its strikes by the curve piece 64 on the extension 72, which represents a two-armed lever, in the opposite direction are deflected and act on the tool 18 against the main impact direction in a free impact direction via the collar 30.
- the impact converting device 54 serves to deflect the impacts acting on it from the impact piston in the main impact direction in the opposite direction, also referred to as the free impact direction, so that the impact can be transmitted through the extension 72 to the collar 30 of the tool 18 in the free impact direction.
- the impact converting device 54 includes, among other things, the free-stroke ram 38 with the helical compression spring 74, the piston 52, the cam piece 64 and the extension 72.
- the impact converting device 54 is also used to detect the force acting on the clamping tool when the operator tries to pull the hammer away.
- the impact conversion device thus has a type of force detection device, with the aid of which a tensile force can be introduced into the tool 18 via the extension 72, which force simultaneously causes the free-action plunger 38 to be displaced against the helical compression spring 74.
- the displacement of the free-stroke ram 38 is thus proportional to the tensile force caused by the operator.
- the impact converting device 54 has a switching device, since it is moved in by the corresponding displacement of the free-stroke ram 38 the percussion area of the percussion piston enables a switchover to the free stroke state.
- the force detection device can be designed such that, for. B. a simple lifting of the hammer with the tool from the rock to be machined and thus an action of the weight of the tool 18 on the force detection device is not sufficient to cause a switch from the main impact state to the free impact state by means of the switching device.
- this can be achieved in that the helical compression spring 74 is pretensioned, so that a deformation of the helical compression spring 74 is only possible when the pretensioning force representing a threshold value is exceeded.
- the threshold value should be dimensioned such that, even with heavy tools, it is not possible to switch over to the free-stroke state on the basis of the tool weight alone. Switching is only permitted if the operator is found to be pulling harder on the hammer.
- the force detection device with which the tensile force applied to the hammer by the operator is to be detected and the switching device for switching between the main impact state and the free impact state as separate means, i.e. in addition to the impact conversion device 54.
- the curve piece 64 has a specially shaped lateral contour 80 which adjoins the extension 72.
- the contour 80 serves as a sliding surface for supporting the end face of the piston 52 directed towards the curve piece 64 and, due to its different radial distance from the axis 66, causes the piston 52 and thus also the free-stroke tappet 58 to be correspondingly displaced axially.
- the different positions of the curve piece 64 with the contour 80 and thus of the piston 52 can be seen in particular from FIGS. 1a, 3a and 4a.
- the curve piece 64 is pivoted about the axis 66 by the collar 30 until parts of the contour 80 against the oblique surface formed on the housing 12 of the tool unit represent stop 82. In this way, a safe end position for the curve piece 64 is established, which also guarantees that the extension 72 remains in contact with the collar 30 of the tool 18.
- the stop 82 also serves to fix the locking and unlocking lever 58 in the position shown in FIG. 1b.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10123397A DE10123397A1 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2001-05-14 | Chisel and/or hammer drill tool, for working rock materials, has a beating converter which registers a tool caught in the rock, to switch to a free beating mode to give a series of light impacts to release the tool |
DE10123397 | 2001-05-14 | ||
PCT/EP2002/005108 WO2002092292A1 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2002-05-08 | Demolition hammer and/or hammer drill with a percussion device suitable for freely striking clamped objects |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1387739A1 true EP1387739A1 (en) | 2004-02-11 |
EP1387739B1 EP1387739B1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
Family
ID=7684729
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02750901A Expired - Lifetime EP1387739B1 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2002-05-08 | Demolition hammer and/or hammer drill with a percussion device suitable for freely striking clamped objects |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6923269B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1387739B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4243491B2 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10123397A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2227477T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002092292A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7021157B2 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2006-04-04 | Electronic Data Systems Corporation | System and method for testing a clamping force |
CN109667533A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-23 | 广州市高速公路有限公司 | Geological drilling machine, the standard penetration equipment of geological drilling machine and its lifting post |
CN109759271B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2024-03-15 | 浙江普莱得电器股份有限公司 | Switching structure of roll coating machine and roll coating machine |
JP7178591B2 (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2022-11-28 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Impact tool, impact tool control method and program |
CN111318335B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-11-23 | 宁夏风尚智创机电技术有限公司 | Ferrosilicon crushing and smashing device |
CN111559022B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-01-07 | 宜兴市于氏特种玻璃有限公司 | Glass plate chamfering device |
CN112894995A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-06-04 | 天津理工大学 | Perforating device is used in production of thing networking electronic equipment |
CN112881387A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 奇瑞汽车河南有限公司 | Chiseling tool for resistance welding spot and using method thereof |
CN115874846B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-05-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Continuous wall-dismantling construction equipment |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1202551A (en) * | 1914-09-16 | 1916-10-24 | Harvey Keith Mackenzie | Drill-extractor. |
US3356166A (en) * | 1965-04-15 | 1967-12-05 | Gardner Denver Co | Percussive tool |
US4168751A (en) * | 1975-05-07 | 1979-09-25 | Foresight Industries | Driver tool |
US4548279A (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-10-22 | Wenzel Zaruba | Tool extractor |
US4614241A (en) * | 1984-02-15 | 1986-09-30 | The Stanley Works | Impact tool assembly with bit isolating means |
CH686837A5 (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1996-07-15 | Klemm Guenter | Fluidbetaetigter hammer. |
SE509211C2 (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1998-12-21 | Berema Atlas Copco Ab | Handheld compressed air powered machine skewer |
US5431235A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1995-07-11 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Reciprocal chuck for paving breaker |
SE506083C2 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-11-10 | Berema Atlas Copco Ab | Pneumatic impact tool |
DE19731732C2 (en) * | 1997-07-23 | 2001-02-22 | Wacker Werke Kg | Impact device for striking jammed objects |
US6003619A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-21 | Lange; James E. | Back driving automatic hammer |
-
2001
- 2001-05-14 DE DE10123397A patent/DE10123397A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-05-08 JP JP2002589213A patent/JP4243491B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-08 EP EP02750901A patent/EP1387739B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-08 ES ES02750901T patent/ES2227477T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-08 WO PCT/EP2002/005108 patent/WO2002092292A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-08 US US10/469,376 patent/US6923269B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-08 DE DE50201473T patent/DE50201473D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02092292A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040108122A1 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
EP1387739B1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
ES2227477T3 (en) | 2005-04-01 |
JP4243491B2 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
JP2004529783A (en) | 2004-09-30 |
US6923269B2 (en) | 2005-08-02 |
WO2002092292A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
DE50201473D1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
DE10123397A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
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