EP1386389A1 - Dispositif pour alimenter en energie le reseau de bord multitension d'un vehicule - Google Patents

Dispositif pour alimenter en energie le reseau de bord multitension d'un vehicule

Info

Publication number
EP1386389A1
EP1386389A1 EP02729846A EP02729846A EP1386389A1 EP 1386389 A1 EP1386389 A1 EP 1386389A1 EP 02729846 A EP02729846 A EP 02729846A EP 02729846 A EP02729846 A EP 02729846A EP 1386389 A1 EP1386389 A1 EP 1386389A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
converter
voltage
electrical system
external charging
switching means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02729846A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roman Gronbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1386389A1 publication Critical patent/EP1386389A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/305—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage
    • H02P9/307—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage more than one voltage output
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B60L2210/12—Buck converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B60L2210/14—Boost converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/45—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for motor vehicles, e.g. car alternators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for feeding energy into a multi-voltage electrical system of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of the independent claim.
  • electrical systems with a large number of electrical consumers for example in motor vehicle electrical systems, there is the problem that a 12 V voltage is no longer sufficient to supply energy.
  • multi-voltage electrical systems are known which have two different voltage levels, such as a first voltage level which is at + 12V relative to ground and a second voltage level at + 36V, these voltages each having the nominal voltages are.
  • the connection between the two voltage levels is established with the help of a DC voltage converter.
  • Such a multi-voltage electrical system in a motor vehicle is described in DE-A 198 45 569.
  • the electrical energy is generated in this electrical system with the help of a three-phase generator that is driven by the vehicle engine and delivers an output voltage of 42V (charging voltage).
  • a 36V (nominal voltage) battery is charged with this charging voltage.
  • a 12V battery with a charging voltage of 14V is supplied via a DC converter.
  • the two batteries The electrical consumers can be switched on via suitable switches, the 12V battery supplying the conventional electrical system consumers, for example incandescent lamps, while the 36V battery is used to supply high-performance consumers, for example window heating.
  • the negative connections of the two batteries are each at the same ground potential.
  • the invention has for its object to increase the operational reliability of a multi-voltage electrical system. This object is solved by the features of the independent claim.
  • the device according to the invention for feeding energy into a multi-voltage electrical system of a motor vehicle comprises a multi-voltage electrical system arranged in a motor vehicle, which provides at least a first and a second voltage level, each different from the reference voltage.
  • the multi-voltage electrical system is powered by at least one electrical energy store.
  • At least one converter is provided to connect the two voltage levels.
  • feed means are provided for external feed into the multi-voltage electrical system of the motor vehicle.
  • the feed means for separating one or more direct voltage converters (DC / DC converters) from the 42V vehicle electrical system and the use of this connection as an external charging base are provided.
  • the separated converters are operated and fed as step-down converters the 14V electrical system or recharge its 14V battery.
  • the remaining converter or converters are used as step-up converters in order to recharge the 42V battery for a starting process.
  • the use of a DC / DC converter has the following advantages.
  • the dual voltage electrical system can be powered by different charging voltages (for example 12V / 24V / 36V).
  • the current in the jump lead is limited by the performance of the DC / DC converter.
  • a DC / DC converter as a current-limiting component enables the use of a jump starter cable with a small copper cross section in comparison to conventional jump starter cables.
  • the current-limiting effect of the DC / DC converter can also simplify the mechanical design of the external charging point. If you resort to regulated DC / DC converters, the vehicle batteries can be charged in a defined manner, since current / voltage can now be set.
  • the current control or current limitation of the step-down and step-up converters allows the distribution of the energy feed into the 14V or 42V battery to be set as desired.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of possible (external) energy feeds.
  • a generator 10, a 36V battery 12, a starter 14 and a high current consumer 16 are connected in parallel between a 42V branch 18 and ground potential.
  • the 42V branch 18 is connected to a 14V branch 28 via a second DC / DC converter 22.
  • a 12V battery 24 and 14V loads 26 - connected in parallel to ground - are connected to this 14V branch 28.
  • a first DC / DC converter 20 can be connected in parallel with the second DC / DC converter 22 via a first switching means 31 arranged on the 42V side by closing the first switching means 31.
  • An external charging point 34 can be connected to the 42V-side connection of the first DC / DC converter 20 via a second switching means 32.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 only in the connection of the external charging base 34.
  • a switchover means 36 is provided which connects the 42V side of the first DC / DC converter 20 either with the potential of the external charging base 34 (Position “B") or with that of the 42V branch 18 (position “A”).
  • a diode 38 is provided, which is arranged between the external charging base 34 and the switching means 36 (position "B") for reverse polarity protection reasons.
  • the DC / DC converters 20, 22 are connected in parallel on the 42V side.
  • the first switching means 31 serves to separate the first DC / DC converter 20 from the 42V branch.
  • a connection to the external charging support can be made via the second switching means 32. point 34 can be produced.
  • the first switching means 31 is closed during normal operation of the vehicle, the second switching means 32 is open.
  • the first DC / DC converter 20 is used in downward operation to support the 14V voltage level through the 42V side, as is the second DC / DC converter 22 connected in parallel, which also works as a downward converter in normal operation.
  • the corresponding directional information (downward operation) is made available to at least the second DC / DC converter 22 by a control device, which is not specifically shown.
  • At least the second DC / DC converter 22 can be operated bidirectionally (upward, downward) as described below.
  • the first switching means 31 are activated in the sense of opening, the second switching means 32 in the sense of a closing, for example by a control device (not shown).
  • a control device not shown
  • electrical energy can be fed into the 14 V electrical system via the external charging base 34 and the first DC / DC converter 20, and possibly into the 42 V electrical system via the second DC / DC converter 22.
  • the first DC / DC converter 20 converts any voltage level that is externally supplied via the external charging base 34 into a voltage suitable for the 14 V electrical system. Due to the limited performance of the first DC / DC converter 20 (step-down converter), the current intensity during external charging remains limited, so that the switching means 31, 32 can be implemented by transistors or relays. When using sufficiently current-proof switches, a direct 42V connection with closed switches 31, 32 is also conceivable.
  • the first DC / DC converter 20 with a wide-range input is implemented in a system with two DC / DC converters 20, 22, this can have an output voltage of approx. 14V from an input voltage of 14V..42V in downward operation - Generate electrical system.
  • the 14V Residual vehicle electrical system is supplied and in particular the 14V battery 24 can be recharged.
  • the 42V network is also supplied and the starter battery 12 is recharged on the 42V side. This can be done with regulated voltage.
  • operation with adjustable current limitation or as a current source is recommended.
  • the output current provided by the first DC / DC converter 20 can hereby be divided as desired between a charge of the 14V battery 24 and an upward conversion to 42V and thus a recharge of the 42V battery 12.
  • a control device not shown, provides direction information for the second DC / DC converter 22 in order to control it for the charging case in upward operation. If the DC / DC converters 20, 22 are designed to be regulated, the control unit could also specify the desired current and / or voltage setpoints for the converters 20, 22. These setpoints can depend on the state of charge of one or both batteries.
  • the switching of the first switching means 31 and the second switching means 32 from normal operation to the external charging mode can be carried out via a control device command, via detection of the connection of an external charging cable or by opening a cover at the external charging base 34 to be triggered.
  • a changeover relay is provided as a switching means 36 as a simple and inexpensive implementation option for the first and second switching means 31, 32 of FIG.
  • a third-party charging cable carries the risk of polarity reversal of the two connections.
  • the second switching means 32 according to FIG. 1 can be opened in the event of reverse polarity.
  • the switching means 31, 32 can be implemented either by a relay, a semiconductor switch or by a mechanical solution become. For example, lifting a cap above the external charging base 34 (in order to make it accessible) can automatically switch the switch 36 from position A to position B. For reverse polarity protection of the external charging base 34, that is to say in the case of interchanging the jump leads, the switching means 36 must be switched to position A.
  • the relay 36 has the normally closed contact A and is energized at the correct voltage at the external charging point 34 and thus switches to B. If the polarity is reversed, the diode blocks and the relay does not pick up.
  • the external charging aid takes place via the first DC / DC converter 20 in downward operation and the second DC / DC converter 22 in upward operation.
  • the two converters 20, 22 do not necessarily have to be two separate converters.
  • Today's DC / DC converters are sometimes also designed as multi-phase converters. This means that several converter cells of lower power are connected in parallel on these converters and the power sections are clocked with a time delay. This can save filter components due to extinction effects.
  • multi-phase converters it is now possible to implement the first and second converters 20, 22 with the existing phases of a single multi-phase converter. For this purpose, the phases are divided into converters with step-down and step-up converter radio tion. The phases are then separated on the input side by means of a switch.
  • the device could also be used to provide energy at the external charging base 34 through the multi-voltage electrical system.
  • the cigarette lighter could be used as the external charging base 34, for example.
  • a further operating state is to be provided in which the two switching means 31, 32 of FIG. 1 are closed. If energy is to be fed in via the cigarette lighter and the jump-start cable is plugged in for this purpose, an evaluation device integrated in the control unit, for example, detects that a voltage is being impressed. The first switching means 31 is then actuated in the sense of opening in order to achieve the charging operation as already described.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour alimenter en énergie le réseau de bord bitension d'un véhicule. Selon l'invention, ce réseau de bord bitension de véhicule fournit un premier et un deuxième niveau de tension, autre que la tension de référence. L'alimentation énergétique s'effectue à partir d'au moins un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (12, 24) et au moins un convertisseur convertit les deux niveaux de tension (18, 28). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que des dispositifs d'alimentation (34, 31, 32, 36, 20) assurent l'alimentation complémentaire de l'accumulateur d'énergie (12, 24).
EP02729846A 2001-04-24 2002-04-03 Dispositif pour alimenter en energie le reseau de bord multitension d'un vehicule Withdrawn EP1386389A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10119985 2001-04-24
DE10119985A DE10119985A1 (de) 2001-04-24 2001-04-24 Vorrichtung zur Energieeinspeisung in ein Mehrspannungsbordnetz eines Kraftfahrzeugs
PCT/DE2002/001197 WO2002087068A1 (fr) 2001-04-24 2002-04-03 Dispositif pour alimenter en energie le reseau de bord multitension d'un vehicule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1386389A1 true EP1386389A1 (fr) 2004-02-04

Family

ID=7682488

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02729846A Withdrawn EP1386389A1 (fr) 2001-04-24 2002-04-03 Dispositif pour alimenter en energie le reseau de bord multitension d'un vehicule

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20030155814A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1386389A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004519593A (fr)
DE (1) DE10119985A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002087068A1 (fr)

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US20030155814A1 (en) 2003-08-21
JP2004519593A (ja) 2004-07-02
WO2002087068A1 (fr) 2002-10-31

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