EP1385630B1 - Multi-roller crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-roller crusher for the comminuting of mineral mill-feed, whereby the crushing roll are provided with crushing teeth, extending in the circumferential and longitudinal axial directions. Viewed in plan, the crushing teeth are arranged on each crushing roller such that several serial crushing teeth groups are formed behind each other, the imagined connection lines of which run successively at an inclined angle to the plan (1',2') of each crushing roller outer edge in the direction of the crushing roller centre.

Description

The invention relates to a multi-roll crusher for comminution mineral crushing material, the crushing rollers with radially projecting, itself both in the circumferential and in the axial direction extending crushing teeth are equipped.

The practically possible comminution methods differ by the Type of stress or deformation of the particles to be comminuted Crushing chamber. When the particles between two Roll surfaces are in the particles pressure, shear and Tensile stresses generated. The design of the roller surface and the Rotational speed determine the type of stress and Intensity.

In US-A 3,240,436 a crushing device for solids is described. In this case, glass articles, such as television tubes or the like, are used as solids. considered.

The counter-rotating crushing rollers are connected via a common Drive driven synchronously and point in circumferential and axial direction arranged crushing teeth, which are provided in the form of toothed rings. Of the Cross section through each crushing roller shows that a plurality of Crushing teeth per toothed ring is given so that in the area of each other Combining individual crushing teeth of the two crushing rollers relative small crushing spaces formed in the catchment area above the crushing rollers become. It is shown that even larger glass articles captured by the teeth and are pre-crushed during a first crushing process. In the course the further reducing crushing gap of the counter-rotating Crushing rolls, a second post-shredding takes place.

EP-B 0 167 178 describes a mineral crusher with two crushing rollers, the each a number of radially projecting from the roller Mineralbrecherzähnen, wherein the teeth on each roller in circumferentially extending, axially distributed along the roller at intervals Groups are arranged, the circumferentially extending groups of Teeth are arranged on a roller so that they are between adjacent circumferentially extending groups of teeth on the are other roller and axially spaced therefrom, so that in the opposing rotation of the rollers between the teeth of each group two axially spaced teeth in adjacent group of teeth on the run through another roller and thereby mineral clumps between them capture and cause it to break up or break up. The teeth of a each roller are arranged relative to each other and of a size and so Form that they circumferentially spaced a number of discrete spiral or helical, running along the roller training establish. Each roller thus includes a strin surface, located in Direction of the other end face extending sprialartig trained Tooth arrangements, wherein the spiral shape is the same or in opposite directions can be. The purpose of the spiral or helical design of the Brechzähne are justified therein, the material to be crushed in Transport longitudinal direction of the crushing rollers and on the transport route to crush. A co-directional arrangement of the spiral or However, helical tooth formation would make no sense here because no defined transport can take place. This is only in the opposite direction Arrangement possible.

Such a trained mineral breaker has relatively little per toothed ring Teeth, seen in the circumferential direction, so that in counter-rotating Rolling already formed a larger crushing space, which is for crushing also serves larger piece goods. However, the disadvantage of this mineral crusher is that the good to be broken for the utilization of the transport effect in essential frontally must be abandoned, which - also by the Transport of the same seen in the longitudinal direction of the rollers - itself set different wear conditions.

For non-frontal task would indeed take place a transport, the but not optimal and undefined takes place.

The document JP-A-09 136037 shows a multi-roll crusher according to the preamble of claim 1.

The subject invention relates to a prior art, as he is formed by EP 0 167 178, namely a slow-running Double roll crusher. Such machines are used both for Crushing of medium-hard rock, as well as for caking tending materials used, that is brown and hard coal, limestone, Tonmerkel and similar raw materials. The parallel arranged, opposite rotating crushing rollers are - as in the generic part of the first To claim - equipped with crushing teeth whose size, Shape and configuration in interaction of both rolls a crushing space define the required quality of the discharge grain and the Ensure throughput during comminution.

The invention is based on the object in the generic part of the to the first claim described Mehrwalzenbrecher to the effect optimize that by forming simultaneously effective primary compartments, im Contrary to EP 0 167 178 also significantly more coarse-grained proportions can be crushed in parallel and effectively in less time to order to achieve an increase in the effective crushing performance. Of the Wear is about, over the life of the multi-roll crusher seen over Adjust the roller length evenly.

This object is achieved in that, in the plan view of the settlement seen each crushing roller, the crushing teeth are arranged so that they form several successive Brechzahngruppen whose imaginary Connecting lines at a predetermined angle of inclination, based on the Settlement, from the respective crusher roller outer edge in the direction of Roll center to run towards each other.

Advantageous developments of the subject invention are the Subclaims refer.

The subject invention thus relates to a crushing machine in which the crushing rollers with a few large tooth formations, over the circumference seen, are equipped. The ratio of outer roll diameter to Tooth height should be less than 5 to 1, the number of teeth, in Circumferential direction of each crushing roller should be considered low, e.g. on nine teeth is limited.

The fewer teeth over the circumference at the same center distance and Outside diameter of the crushing rollers are present and the lower the Circumferential speed and thus the meshing frequency is the more more aggressive the roll surface acts on the feed, what a ensures effective material intake. As a result of the low Basic diameter of the crushing rollers in relation to the center distance, the Tooth height and an axial tooth pitch, arise in such a Brechraumausführung relatively large open spaces between the adjacent and opposite crushing teeth in the region between the crushing rollers. In particular, by the aligned arrow shape arise in Seen roll longitudinal direction, two successive about the same size primary crushing spaces. The specialist sees the primary crushing spaces continuous formation of deep three-dimensional hollows for penetration large chunks of material on the roll surfaces.

The actual comminution process of the larger chunks of material begins in this case with a positive material feed. He is characterized that the chunks of material between two or more corresponding Crushing teeth of the crushing rollers are detected and a first size reduction Experienced. Upon further rotation of the crushing rollers is done by combing the corresponding dental arrays the training of secondary Crushing spaces in which the pre-broken or smaller material is trapped is claimed and in some areas on bending and shear. The Crushing takes place between Brechzähnen- and basic diameter of Crushing rollers, or between the tooth front and back of the tooth opposite crushing roller instead.

In this respect, the type of comminution is analogous to that in EP 0 167 178 to be described. Deviating from the prior art are in Sense of snapshot, however, seen over the roll length, either at the same time one after another or constantly re-forming large Catchment areas generated, so that here a much higher coarse fraction, as in In the state of the art, it can be pre-shredded, which is the effective one Shredding performance increased considerably. There, deviating from the state of Technology, now given a two-sided material handling, can do the job the crushed material centrally from above, that is directly into the forming larger breaking areas take place. The wear of the invention Multi-roll crusher is over its length over the prior art seen much smoother, which also increases the service life can.

In addition, optional post-shredding below the middle Crushing done by placing a per se known breaker bar which combines the function of an anvil or comb.

• Umfangsgeschwindigkeit
• Zahnkonfiguration oder Verteilung
• Zahnanordnung
• Rotor Positionierung

Key factors for effective high throughput chopping work by reducing shredding time for large chunks of material are seen in the following points

• circumferential speed
• Tooth configuration or distribution
• tooth arrangement
• Rotor positioning

In the unwound form, the consecutive Brechzahngruppen, as imaginary connecting lines, lines or curves predetermined curvature on. Significant difference from the stand the technology acc. EP 0 167 178, however, that per crushing roller towards each other extending Brechzahngruppen be formed, which in the ideal case, that is at rectilinear imaginary connecting line, towards each other or Arrows pointing away from each other.

The uniform Brechzahnausbildungen over the circumference (toothed ring), are in the multi-roll crusher according to the invention, axially with a special Angular offset on a crushing roller arranged to each other, so that spatially trained to train two opposing rows of teeth, which in odd Number of toothed rings their apex in the area of the middle toothed ring have each crushing roller. With even number of toothed rings exists no middle toothed ring, so that the vertex set differently becomes. The opposite corresponding crushing roller is the same Tooth arrangement, seen over its length, equipped. In the plan view The crushing rollers in operation form such an opposite direction extending arrow shape, the total roll length in two about the same divided into large areas.

A further embodiment of the invention can provide that the imaginary Connecting lines of the crushing teeth of each crushing roller under a corresponding offset to each other are provided. At this special Arrangement are the uniform crushing tooth formations over the circumference (Toothed ring), axially with a special angular offset on a crushing roller arranged to each other, in the way that spatially two form opposing rows of teeth, which by a predetermined angle of Perimeter division offset from each other. The opposite corresponding roller is with the same tooth arrangement over which Roll length seen, equipped. In practical use, forms, in Seen top view of the crushing rollers, so a staggered opposing Arrow shape, the entire length of the roll in two approximately uniform Divided areas.

This arrangement differs from the former arrangement in that the forming in the operating state catchment areas at Not combing the opposing rotating crushing rollers at the same time train, but one after the other. Through this embodiment, the Goal of a continuous shredding process / concentration of power even at small crushing roller lengths with low number of teeth / circumference implemented become.

Deviating from the prior art thus takes place in the arrow arrangement continuous training of several deep, three-dimensional primary Crushing spaces for the simultaneous penetration of large chunks of material.

The formation of Primärbrechräumen are about synchronously encircling Crushing rollers advantageous. This is done by mechanical coupling of Crushing rolls, but is considered to be expensive, since the crusher housing the Gear housing corresponds. It can be a double or a single drive be used. To this about synchronous roll circulation without To realize mechanical connection, there is the possibility of both rollers equipped with their own drive means and, for example, with a master-slave control to provide an accurate whale timing.

Another parameter for optimizing the primary computing room design It is considered to drive crushing rollers asychronously. One can each crushing roller to be assigned its own drive or a Single drive can be used with mechanical reduction gear. The optimal differential speed of the crushing rollers for a high frequency The training of primary computing can, for example, a Frequency converter or hydraulic motor to be controlled or regulated. The optimum differential speed depends on the procedural task and the number of teeth over the Scope.

Both in the idealized arrow shape and in the offset to each other provided Brechzahngruppen, there is a two-sided distribution function from the center of the crushing chamber for utilization of the entire crushing roller width, especially for the larger chunks of material due to axial force components. The Material is controlled by a crusher Fed feed conveyor, the feed direction transverse to Roll longitudinal direction can be done. The point of impact of the discharge parabola can as targeted as possible between the counter-rotating crushing rollers be set. This arrangement avoids an energy and Wear-intensive deflection and lifting of the material flow. Especially the Fine particles in the feed material can be obtained by using one as possible large passage level over the roll length directly and with as possible low resistance and residence time are enforced.

Figuren 1 und 2

Prinzipskizzen von gegensinnig rotierenden Brechwalzen eines nicht näher dargestellten Mehrwalzenbrechers sowie deren Abwicklungen

Figuren 3 und 4

Prinzipskizzen alternativer Ausgestaltungen von Brechwalzen sowie deren Abwicklungen

Figur 5

Draufsicht auf die Brechwalzen gem. Fig. 1 und 2 im Einbauzustand

Figur 6

Seitenansicht der Brechwalzen gem. Fig. 1 und 2 im Einbauszustand

Figuren 7 bis 9

Unterschiedliche Momentaufnahmen zur Erzeugung vergrößerter hintereinander liegender Brechraumbereiche in verschiedenen räumlichen Darstellungen (gemäß Figuren 1 und 2)

Figuren 10 und 11

Prinzipskizzen von zu Figuren 1 bis 4 alternativen Zahnanordnungen an Brechwalzen

Figuren 12 bis 14

Unterschiedliche Momentaufnahmen zur Erzeugung vergrößerter hintereinander liegender Brechraumbereiche in verschiedenen räumlichen Darstellungen (gemäß Figuren 10 und 11)

Figur 15

Abwicklung einer pfeilförmigen Zahnanordnung bei einer geraden Anzahl von Zahnringen und verschiedenen Steigungen

Figur 16

Abwicklung eine pfeilförmigen Zahnanordnung bei einer geraden Anzahl von Zahnringen und gleicher Steigung

Figur 17

Abwicklung einer kurvenartig vorgesehenen Zahnanordnung

Figuren 18 und 19

Momentaufnahmen bei asynchronem Betrieb der Brechwalzen unter Ausbildung primärer und sekundärer Brechräume

The subject invention is illustrated by means of an embodiment in the drawing and will be described as follows. Show it

Figures 1 and 2

Schematic diagrams of oppositely rotating crushing rollers of a multi-roll crusher, not shown, and their developments

FIGS. 3 and 4

Schematic diagrams of alternative embodiments of crushing rollers and their developments

FIG. 5

Top view of the crushing rollers gem. Fig. 1 and 2 in the installed state

FIG. 6

Side view of crushing rollers gem. Fig. 1 and 2 in the installed state

FIGS. 7 to 9

Different snapshots for generating enlarged successive crushing space areas in different spatial representations (according to FIGS. 1 and 2)

FIGS. 10 and 11

Schematic diagrams of to 1 to 4 alternative tooth arrangements on crushing rollers

FIGS. 12 to 14

Different snapshots for generating enlarged successive crushing space areas in different spatial representations (according to FIGS. 10 and 11)

FIG. 15

Processing of an arrow-shaped tooth arrangement with an even number of toothed rings and different gradients

FIG. 16

Settlement of an arrow-shaped tooth arrangement with an even number of toothed rings and the same pitch

FIG. 17

Processing a curved tooth arrangement provided

FIGS. 18 and 19

Snapshots during asynchronous operation of the crushing rollers to form primary and secondary crushing spaces

Figures 1 and 2 show a schematic diagram counter-rotating Crushing rollers 1,2 a multi-roll crusher, not shown. FIG. 1 shows the crushing rollers 1,2 in their normal state, while Figure 2 shows the Crushing rollers 1.2 in their settlement 1 ', 2' represents. The indicated points define crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4'. Both from those shown in Figure 1 Crushing rollers 1,2 and in their unwinds 1 ', 2' can be seen that the the crushing teeth 3, 3 ', 4, 4' connect imaginary lines 5, 5 ', 6, 6' of each crushing roller 1.2 are rectilinear in such a way that one behind the other lying arrows are formed. The crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' of each Crushing roller 1.2 form Brechzahngruppen A, B, C, D, wherein the crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' of each breaking tooth group A, B, C, D of the respective Crushing roller outer edge 1a, 2a, 1b, 2b, in the direction of the crushing roller center X-Y run. The uniform crushing tooth formations over the circumference (Ring gear) are in this crushing roller assembly axially with a special Angular offset on the crushing roller 1 to each other arranged such that form spatially considered two opposing rows of teeth that hers Vertex in the region of the central toothed ring 7 of the crushing roller. 1 have. The opposite corresponding crushing roller 2 is connected to the same tooth order, seen over the roll length, formed, wherein the Tooth rows 6,6 '(imaginary connecting lines) their vertex in the area of the associated central toothed ring 7 'have. In the top view on the Crushing rollers 1, 2 or their unwinds 1 ', 2', thus forming a opposite arrow shape AB; CD off, the entire length of the roll in two divided even areas, which in the figures 7 to 11 closer is clarified. In Figures 1 and 2 are the arrows thus formed directed towards each other. In the examples are the imaginary Connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' rectilinear, with curved Embodiments of the scope are also included (Figure 17), without to leave the arrow shape.

Figures 3 and 4 show an alternative to Figures 1 and 2, wherein the imaginary connecting lines 5,5 'and 6,6' also to each other are provided that pointing away from each other arrows AB, CD become. The uniform arrangement of the crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4', over the Seen circumference (ring gear), results in two spatial view opposing rows of teeth 5,5 ', 6,6', which are their vertices in the area of middle toothed ring 7,7 'of each crushing roller 1,2 respectively Settlement 1 ', 2' own. Otherwise, the structure of the Brechzahngruppen A, B, C, D analogous to that according to. Figures 1 and 2 to look at.

FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a multi-roll crusher 10 according to FIG. 1 and 2. Identical components are provided with the same reference numerals. Visible are the crushing rollers 1, 2, which are mounted within a housing 11 are. The crushing rollers 1,2 are driven in opposite directions to each other (see Arrows). Recognizable are toothed rings 12,13 on which the breaking teeth 3,4 are mounted exchangeably. FIG. 5 is a snapshot of consecutive, continuously repeating crushing spaces, in this example, the primary crushing chamber B1 is recognizable formed through the imaginary connecting line extending along the breaking teeth 3, 4 5.6.

Figure 6 shows a side view of the multi-roll crusher 10, wherein the Breaking teeth 3.4 supporting ring gears 12,13 with, in the longitudinal direction of the Crushing rollers seen 1.2, offset from one another provided Brechzähnen 3.4 are recognizable. It can also be seen that surrounding the crushing rollers 1.2 Housing 11. Each crushing roller 1.2 carries each toothed ring 12,13 in this Example 4 crushing teeth 3.4, so that in the figures 1/2; 3/4 cited arrow-shaped profile results.

FIGS. 7 to 9 show snapshots of the multi-roll crusher 10 arrow-shaped tooth arrangement in various perspective views. This with regard to the ever-changing crushing spaces B1, B2, B3. Again, the same reference numerals apply to the same components. Visible are the Both crushing rollers 1.2, the toothed rings 12,13 thereon and the thereon provided crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4'. The crushing rollers 1,2 are within of the housing 11, wherein the crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' between housing-side formations 14,15 can be passed. The training 14,15 have a special shape and are comb-like. she have the task of supplying the crushing space supplied material to the middle Direct refraction gap direct, without lifting the material in the Countercurrent occurs. Furthermore, they serve as Überkornvermeider, as they in the lateral areas compliance with the Trennkorndurchmessers guarantee. In addition, they perform a scraper function to the room between the toothed rings to protect against caking materials. The the Crushing spaces B1, B2, B3 size to be assigned by the imaginary Connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' recognizable and reflects - as already mentioned - Just a snapshot.

In Figure 7, an open roll surface formation is shown, i. a deep three-dimensional trough B1 for receiving large penetration Chunks of material. Due to the arrow-shaped arrangement of the crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' in Connection with the given instantaneous roll positioning (Gripstellung) can be elongated chunks of material in the over the Place the entire length of the roll towards the center of the deepening trough B1. By the two-sided free cut of the middle corresponding tooth pair 7,7 ' Both crushing rollers 1.2 a high crushing efficiency is achieved. The intake behavior is more favorable, the less the pair of teeth 7,7 'through adjacent teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' is disturbed. In the prior art according to EP 0 167 178 is merely a one-sided cut across the length of the roller Crushing teeth given. Upon further rotation of the crushing rollers form further primary refractive spaces B2, B3 (FIGS. 8 and 9). Is the material chunk in the primary crushing chamber B1 has not yet been sufficiently crushed, he is conveyed axially outwardly into a forced position through the respective Housing side walls and the crushing chambers B1, B2 and the axial Force components that exercise the gearing on the chunks defined become. In these refuse spaces B2, B3 finds the further primary crushing instead of. In the prior art, the helical arrangement of the Crusher teeth on the roll length only a single primary crushing chamber formed the roll surface. Larger chunks of material are thus on End of the crushing rollers relative to the frontal task only in one Forced position, formed by the associated housing side wall, promoted. As a result of the frequencies of the forming primary compartments B1 - B3 the effective primary crushing throughput over the prior art significantly increased. The material becomes less until comminution transported, making the shredding faster and with less Wear occurs.

Figures 10 and 11 show a schematic diagram as an alternative embodiment of groups of teeth A, B, C, D in the range of crushing rollers 1,2 respectively Settlement 1 ', 2'. FIG. 11 1 shows groups of teeth lying one behind the other AB; CD-forming crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4', where the imaginary connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6', although they run towards each other, but not an ideal arrow give a staggered arrow shape. In this example, the imaginary Connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' with different angles of inclination to each other. The result is a contour that is comparable to approximately 1 and 2, wherein Alternatively to Figures 3 and 4, a reverse arrangement of the crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' is also conceivable.

Further snapshots based on FIGS. 10 and 11 are shown in FIGS Figures 12-14 shown. Recognizable is the constant modification of the one after another forming refractive spaces B2, B3, where also the same Components are provided with the same reference numerals.

In the examples mentioned gem. Figures 1 to 14, the crushing rollers 1.2 be driven synchronously, with each crushing roller 1.2 on not further illustrated associated drive means, such as gear, belt or the like.

FIG. 15 shows the development 1 ', 2' of an arrow-shaped tooth arrangement an even number of toothed rings and different gradients or Inclination angles of the imaginary connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' of the individual Crusher tooth groups AB, CD. Except for the different gradients of the crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' interconnecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' this representation corresponds approximately to FIG. 2.

FIG. 16 shows the development 1 ', 2' of an arrow-shaped tooth arrangement an even number of toothed rings and equal slopes or Inclination angles of the imaginary connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' and corresponds to such as that of Figure 2.

FIG. 17 shows the unwinding 1 ', 2' of a curve segment (imaginary Connecting line 5,5 ', 6,6') arranged crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' as an alternative to Figures 2,4,15 and 16.

Type and arrangement of the crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' on the crushing rollers 1,2 make the expert depending on the particular application.

Figures 18 and 19 form snapshots in asynchronous operation of Crushing rollers 1,2. The crushing rollers 1.2 do not have in this example further represented own drive means, such as transmission. The setting of the Differential speed of the two crushing rollers 1,2, for example, over a frequency converter are regulated. Recognizable is the primary crushing chamber B2. Also indicated in each case is a secondary crushing space B4, which occurs during the further entry of the primarily broken material in the narrowing Crushing gap of the counter rotating Brachwalzen 1,2 forms.

• es findet ein unverzögerter Materialeinzug größerer Materialbrocken durch dauerhafte, kontinuierliche Bereitstellung einer oder mehrerer Einzugsmöglichkeiten B1,B2,B3, über die gesamte Länge der Brechwalzen 1,2 gesehen, statt
• Durch die sich kontinuierlich schließenden verengenden Brechräume B1,B2,B3 wird beim Kämmen der gegenläufig rotierenden Brechwalzen 1,2 das Material durch die Krafteinleitung über die Brechzähne 3,3',4,4' in Teilbereichen auf Biegung und Scherung beansprucht und nicht auf Druck.
• es wird eine gleichmäßige fortschreitende Zerkleinerung in den maximal drei Beanspruchungszonen (primäre, sekundäre und ggf. tertiäre Zerkleinerung) erreicht, wobei es zu einer Aufteilung der Brechwalzenlänge in Bereiche kommt, in denen, in Umfangsrichtung gesehen, die primäre (B1-B3), sekundäre (B4) und ggf. tertiäre Zerkleinerung stattfindet. Die Übergänge sind hierbei fließend. Da die größten Zerkleinerungskräfte bei der primären Größenreduktion auftreten, können die installierten Zerkleinerungsdrehmomente geringer sein, da eine Konzentration der Kräfte auf wenige, sich im Einsatz befindliche Zahnpaare 3,4;3',4' gesehen ist. Die Beanspruchung der gesamten Maschinenelemente, speziell des Antriebes, erfolgt schonender mit geringerer Stoßbelastung. Die Dynamik des Belastungskollektivs wird vergleichmäßigt.
• infolge der speziellen Brechwalzenausbildung und der zusätzlichen Zerkleinerung durch den Einsatz eines Brechkammes in Verbindung mit der daraus resultierenden Beanspruchung der Materialien, kann die Spaltweite als definierter kleinster Abstand der Walzenoberflächen sowie der Zahnabstände untereinander wesentlich größer sein, als bei herkömmlichen Walzenbrechern, um die gewünschte Endkorngröße zu sichern.
• Materialtransport auf den Brechwalzen, d.h. die Erzeugung von axialen Kraftkomponenten auf das Material, speziell große Materialbrocken, um eine Furchung und als Folge daraus ein Festsetzen großer Materialbrocken zu vermeiden. Das Material bleibt stets in Bewegung, bis sich eine geeignete Einzugsstellung und Walzenposition ergibt.
• je nach Brechraumausbildung B1,B2,B3 bestimmt durch die Walzenausführung mit Zahnform und Anzahl über den Umfang, Anordung, Rotorpositionierung oder Brechbalkeneinsatz, kann die Kornanalyse des Endkorns eingestellt werden.

The inventive alternative arrangement of crushing teeth 3,3 ', 4,4' in the selected forms, the following technical advantages are achieved:

• There is an immediate material intake of larger chunks of material through permanent, continuous provision of one or more collection options B1, B2, B3, seen over the entire length of the crushing rollers 1.2, instead of
• Due to the continuously closing constricting crushing chambers B1, B2, B3, the material is subjected to bending and shear during the meshing of the counter-rotating crushing rollers 1, 2 by the introduction of force via the crushing teeth 3, 3 ', 4, 4' and not to pressure ,
• a uniform progressive comminution in the maximum of three stress zones (primary, secondary and possibly tertiary comminution) is achieved, whereby there is a division of the crushing roller length in areas in which, viewed in the circumferential direction, the primary (B1-B3), secondary (B4) and possibly tertiary comminution takes place. The transitions are fluent here. Since the largest comminution forces occur in primary size reduction, the installed comminution torques may be lower since a concentration of forces is seen on a few pairs of teeth 3,4, 3 ', 4' in use. The stress on the entire machine elements, especially the drive, takes place more gently with less impact load. The dynamics of the load collective is evened out.
• due to the special crushing roller formation and the additional comminution through the use of a crushing comb in conjunction with the resulting stress of the materials, the gap width can be significantly larger than defined minimum distance of the roll surfaces and the tooth spacing with each other, as in conventional roll crushers to the desired final grain size to back up.
• Material transport on the crushing rollers, ie the generation of axial force components on the material, especially large chunks of material to avoid a cleavage and as a result, a setting large chunks of material. The material always remains in motion until a suitable feed position and roller position results.
• Depending on the crushing space formation B1, B2, B3 determined by the roller design with tooth shape and number over the circumference, arrangement, rotor positioning or crushing beam insert, the grain analysis of the final grain can be adjusted.

As a result of the tooth arrangement according to the invention finds in snapshots seen a continuous education of deep three-dimensional primary Crushing rooms B1, B2, B3 for the penetration of large chunks of material instead. As a result of the arrow-shaped or arrow-like design in conjunction with a demand synchronized crushing roller positioning in the grip position it comes to the simultaneous (or consecutive) training of Feeding areas B1, B2, B3 on the roll surface. Especially the effectiveness of the middle corresponding tooth pair 7, 7 'of both crushing rollers 1,2 is improved because of elongated chunks of material in the over the entire Crushing roller length to the center deepening recess (s) B1, B2, B3 can lay. The axial angular offset of the toothed rings 12,13 determines the Slope of opposing imaginary connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' and becomes matched to the circumferential distribution, i. Number of crusher teeth 3,3 ', 4,4'. Optimal is an arrangement that runs continuously, i. to Passage of the first arrow engages the middle pair of teeth 7,7 'as the start of the following arrow to a continuous crushing operation guarantee.

The oppositely offset arrow shape described in FIGS. 10 and 11 differs from those addressed in Figures 1 to 4 Arrow shapes such that the forming catchment areas B2, B3 at Combing the counter-rotating crushing rollers 1,2 not simultaneously form, but successively. if the one half of the roll is the primary one Having passed through catchment area B2, the primary intervention is carried out continuously the other half of the roll. Through this execution, the goal of a continuous crushing / power concentration even at small Roll lengths are implemented with small numbers of teeth per circumference. By the Series connection of effectiveness can be the slope of the imaginary Connecting lines 5,5 ', 6,6' are reduced by half, compared to those shown in Figures 1 to 4 arrangement. Thereby can form larger catchment areas B2, B3.

Both arrangements require a bilateral distribution function of the Center of crushing space for utilization of the entire roll width, especially for the larger chunks of material due to axial force components. The material will The multi-roll crusher is normally controlled via a feed conveyor fed, wherein the feed direction is transverse to the roll longitudinal direction can. The impact of the discharge parabola is targeted as possible provided between the counter-rotating crushing rollers 1.2. As a result This arrangement is an energy and wear-intensive deflection of the Material flow avoided, especially the fines in the feed material by using the largest possible access level over the Roller length directly and with the lowest possible resistance and retention time be enforced.

Claims (11)

1. Multi-roller crusher for comminuting mineral material to be crushed, the crushing rollers (1, 2) being provided with radially projecting crushing teeth (3, 3', 4, 4'), extending both in the circumferential and longitudinal axial directions, and - when viewing the developed view (1', 2') of each crushing roller (1, 2) in plan view - the crushing teeth (3, 3', 4, 4') being so arranged that they form a plurality of successive crushing tooth groups (A, B, C, D), whose imaginary connection lines (5, 5', 6, 6') at a presettable angle of inclination in relation to the developed view (1', 2'), extend towards one another from the respective outer edge (1a, 2a, 1b, 2b) of the crushing roller in the direction of the crushing roller centre (X, Y), in which case between the adjoining and opposite crushing teeth (3, 3', 4, 4') of the crushing tooth groups (A, B, C, D) in the intake region between the counter-rotating crushing rollers (1, 2) continuously repetitive, primary crushing chambers (B1, B2, B3) are formed, characterised in that the imaginary connection lines (5, 5', 6, 6') of the crushing tooth groups (A, B, C, D) of each crushing roller (1, 2), in relation to the developed view (1', 2'), are so oriented towards one another that in the case of a twin-roller crusher (10) arrows are formed, which are oriented towards one another.
2. Multi-roller crusher according to claim 1, characterised in that the imaginary connection lines (5, 5', 6, 6') of the individual crushing tooth groups (A, B, C, D) are straight lines.
3. Multi-roller crusher according to claim 1, characterised in that the imaginary connection lines (5, 5', 6, 6') of the individual crushing tooth groups (A, B, C, D) are curves with presettable curvature.
4. Multi-roller crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the individual crushing tooth groups (A, B, C, D) of each crushing roller (1, 2) are arranged essentially in mirror-image like fashion in rolation to one another.
5. Multi-roller crusher according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the imaginary connection lines (5, 5', 6, 6') of the individual crushing tooth groups (A, B, C, D) extend towards one another at unequal angles of inclination.
6. Multi-roller crusher according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the ratio between the outer roller diameter and the tooth height is 5 : 1, the number of teeth in the peripheral direction of each crushing roller (1, 2) being low, in particular limited to nine teeth.
7. Multi-roller crusher according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the crushing rollers (1, 2) are to be driven synchronously, in particular by a single or double drive mechanism.
8. Multi-roller crusher according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one crushing roller (1) is provided to serve as a master roller, while the other crushing roller (2) for approximate synchronisation or crushing roller positioning is subjected to a control system for fine adjustment in rolation to the first crushing roller.
9. Multi-roller crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the crushing rollers (1, 2) are to be driven asynchronously in order to attain an optimal differential velocity.
10. Multi-roller crusher according to claim 9, characterised in that independent drive means, such as single or double drive mechanisms are assigned to each crushing roller (1, 2).
11. Multi-roller crusher according to any one of claims 9 to 10, characterised in that the differential velocities of the crushing rollers (1, 2) are to be controlled or adjusted by way of at least one frequency converter, a hydraulic drive means or a mechanical step-down gear unit.

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