EP1377431B1 - Maschine zum verpressen von gegenstände in ballen - Google Patents

Maschine zum verpressen von gegenstände in ballen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1377431B1
EP1377431B1 EP02728030A EP02728030A EP1377431B1 EP 1377431 B1 EP1377431 B1 EP 1377431B1 EP 02728030 A EP02728030 A EP 02728030A EP 02728030 A EP02728030 A EP 02728030A EP 1377431 B1 EP1377431 B1 EP 1377431B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
machine
ring
chamber
skewing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02728030A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1377431A1 (de
Inventor
Guido Rota
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CAEB International Srl
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CAEB International Srl
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Publication of EP1377431A1 publication Critical patent/EP1377431A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/222—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using several circumferentially spaced rollers, e.g. skewed rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3082—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor with compression means other than rams performing a rectilinear movement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine for compacting deformable objects into bales in accordance with the introduction to claim 1.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to define a machine which enables objects of any material and shape to be compacted by a multiplicity of compressive forces exerted in innumerable directions.
  • WO 00/32385 describes a machine comprising means for partially compressing the objects to be compacted and feeding them to a conceptually cylindrical chamber of horizontal axis bound by a plurality of circumferentially disposed motorized rollers having their longitudinal axes parallel, to enable a body under progressive formation to be continuously rolled within said chamber and the body to be progressively compressed by said rollers when the expanding diameter of said body interferes with them, said radial interference creating progressive forces which activate mechanisms for skewing said rollers so that, once skewed, they exert an axial thrust on said body such as to expel it from the chamber in the form of a cylindrical compacted bale.
  • skewing is achieved by rotating through a certain angle about the longitudinal axis of the chamber a ring which surrounds the chamber exit and supports one end of said rollers.
  • the other end of the rollers is driven by a gear linkage comprising an internally and externally toothed ring gear supported externally at three points by annular slide blocks.
  • the known machine is of particularly complex construction as means must be provided to retain the ring until the body has reached its final bale form, moreover the support for the internally and externally toothed driving ring gear has a short life being subjected to considerable wear, and is unable to provide the essential correct support for said ring gear, which is subjected to considerable forces.
  • the aforesaid known solution is not suitable for continuous production.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a machine of the type illustrated in the introduction to the accompanying claim 1 which is not only simpler than the known machine, but is also more reliable, especially with time, and offers specific embodiments suitable for batch or continuous production.
  • the machine indicated overall by M in Figures from 1 to 7 achieves interwoven compacting of loose materials and objects by gradually feeding them into a geometrically cylindrical chamber 23 of horizontal axis 49, the walls of which consist of motorized peripheral rollers 3.
  • a bale is formed as a rotating cylindrical body of progressively increasing diameter.
  • This body is made up of all the objects or all the materials fed in, these being compressed and interwoven by the continuous rolling of the body within said chamber, determined by the walls in the form of motorized rollers with which it is provided.
  • this rotating body, growing within the chamber 23 reaches the maximum diameter allowed by the driving power of a motor 85 provided in the machine and by the degree of compactness acquired by said body, it becomes necessary to expel it in the form of a cylindrical bale.
  • the cylindrical chamber 23 has an openable end to enable said compacted body which has acquired said cyliazndrical bale shape to escape.
  • Said end is openable by being shaped as a door 22 (see Figures 3A and 3B in particular).
  • Both the ends of said cylindrical chamber 23 comprise low cones 87 and 88 freely rotatable idly on usual pins 90 with rolling-contact bearings.
  • the axial thrust for the expulsion of the bale is obtained by skewing the rollers 3 which form the active wall of the chamber. By means of this skewing, the rollers 3 pass from a longitudinal arrangement to an oblique or skewed arrangement. As a consequence, their rotation creates on the cylindrical bale, against which they press, not only tangential thrusts which continue to make it rotate about its longitudinal axis, but also axial thrust components. The result of this is that the now compacted bale is made to leave the "roller chamber" 23.
  • the said formation, movement and expulsion of the bale derive from technical features which will become apparent on reading the following description.
  • a device is provided to "skew" the rollers which define the cylindrical part of the chamber 23 in which the bale is formed, as though they were the bars of a cylindrical containing cage.
  • the motorized rollers 3 have one end supported, in the manner described hereinafter, by a fixed rear wall 91 of the machine structure 102 (supporting the low rotatable cone 87 on the rear of the door 22 for contacting the bale) and their other end supported by a circular ring 2 (on the same side as the door 22), which at a suitable point of its outer perimeter (i.e.
  • eccentric to the axis of the ring 2 is rotatably supported by a spherical shaft 92 ( Figures 3 , 3A and 4 ) supported by the machine structure 102 and, in an angularly offset position, by a control pin 93 positioned in an aperture 94 present in an outer appendix 95 of said ring 2.
  • the motorized rollers 3 are subjected to oblique thrusts along the tangent at their point of contact with the bale rotating on them. These thrusts are discharged onto the supports at the two ends of the rollers 3.
  • the supports at one end are rigid (as fully described hereinafter) with the rear wall 91 of the machine structure, and consequently said tangential thrusts create no problem; the supports at the other end of the rollers are rigid with the circular ring 2 but these thrusts are absorbed by the spherical shaft 92 and by the control pin 93.
  • the control pin 93 can assume the two positions shown in Figure 3 and indicated by 93F and 93Z.
  • the device which moves the control pin 93 into the positions 93F and 93Z is shown in Figure 5 and partially in Figure 4 .
  • the device comprises an actuator 100, for example operated by pressurized fluid, which can be double acting or single acting with a return spring. It is hinged at 101 to the machine structure 102, its piston rod 103 being hinged to an arm 104 rigid with a shaft 105 rotatably supported within the machine structure 102.
  • the actuator 100 enables the said arms to be moved into two end-of-travel positions in which the control pin 93 is located in the positions 93F and 93Z respectively.
  • a cam 108 cooperating with one arm 109 of a right angled lever 110 hinged at 110A to the machine structure 102, the other arm 111, loaded by a spring 112, being connected via a rigid rod 113 (see Figure 5A ) to a coupling lever 114.
  • the coupling lever 114 is intended to engage a protuberance 115 rigid with the supporting structure 22A of the door 22 to retain it locked in its closed position.
  • the structure 22A is hinged at 120 on a vertical shaft carried by the machine structure 102.
  • the cam 108 is shaped and disposed such as to release the coupling lever 114 from the door protuberance 115 when the control pin 93 passes from position 93F to position 93Z (see Figure 3 ) and to engage it during the reverse passage.
  • the structure 22A of the door 22 is hinged at 120 on a vertical shaft carried by the machine structure (see Figure 3 ).
  • the chamber 23 bounded by the rollers 3 presents a roller-free region in the form of a port 121 for access of the bodies to be converted into a bale.
  • the motorized wheel of a crawler track 123 is present at this port 121 .
  • the crawler track extends vertically within the machine throughout the entire height of the mouth C through which the bodies to be converted into a bale are loaded.
  • the idle roller 125 about which the crawler track 123 reverses is supported such that the crawler track can yield elastically to enable large bodies to pass.
  • One method is shown in Figure 7 .
  • the roller 125 is rotatably supported between the arms of two parallel joined levers 126 hinged at 127 to the machine structure.
  • the crawler track 123 (see Figure 3 ) cooperates with the suitably roughened motorized metal cylinder 130 positioned in proximity to the port 121 for material access to the chamber 23, on the side opposite the crawler track.
  • the formed bale is wrapped before its expulsion from the forming chamber 23 by a piece of netting or the like.
  • the machine structure 102 is provided upperly with spaced-apart parallel seats 131 in which the axial pivots 132 of a reel 133 formed from the netting 134 are supported. Below the reel, means are provided to handle and withdraw the netting and means for separating the required length of netting from the rest.
  • the handling and withdrawal means comprise a motorized cylinder 135 supported by the machine structure, an idle roller 136 supported between a pair of connecting rods 137 suspended from said structure, an actuator 138 (for example electromagnetic or pressurized fluid) hinged to said structure and provided with a piston rod 139 which by means of a fork 140 acts on the axial pivots of the idle roller 136.
  • an actuator 138 for example electromagnetic or pressurized fluid
  • the idle roller 136 is pressed against the motorized roller 135 to move the netting interposed therebetween.
  • the means for separating the required length of netting comprise an actuator (for example electromagnetic or pressurized fluid) hinged to the machine structure and acting via its piston rod 143 on one arm of a right angled lever 144 pivoted to the machine structure and presenting an adjustable blade 145 at the end of the other arm.
  • an actuator for example electromagnetic or pressurized fluid
  • the blade 145 is made to cooperate with and penetrate through an adjustable guide rigid with an inner wall 147 forming part of the machine structure 102.
  • Conventional static guide means for the netting are provided, indicated by 150 and 151.
  • the cut length of netting passes about the reversing roller 125 for the crawler track 123 and passes into the bale forming chamber 23 through the port 121 ( Figure 3 ).
  • rollers 3 represents another important aspect of the present invention and will now be described with particular reference to Figures 1 and 6 .
  • the electric motor 85 operates a pulley 161 supported by the machine structure 102 via bearings 162.
  • a pinion 164 is rigid with the shaft 163 of the pulley 161.
  • the pinion engages three equidistant gearwheels, only one of which is visible in the sectional view of Figure 6 and is indicated by 165.
  • the three gearwheels 165 form one piece with output gears 166 and are supported by bearings 167 mounted on pins 168 fixed to the machine structure 102.
  • the output gears 166 engage the internal toothing 169 of a ring gear 170 also provided with external toothing 171.
  • the external toothing 171 is engaged by gears 172 torsionally rigid with the rollers 3 via conventional universal joints 173. More specifically, the gears 172 are torsionally rigid with a pin 174 supported by the rear wall 91 of the machine structure via bearings 175 and, on the inside of the relative rollers 3, by bearings 176 carried by the rollers 3. The inner end of the pins 174 terminates as a fork, indicated by 177, which receives a transverse pin 178 rigid with a sleeve 179. The sleeve is rigid with a pin 180, which is perpendicular to the pin 178 and is carried in a cradle 181 rigid with the roller 3.
  • the other end (not driven) of the rollers 3 is supported by the ring 2 via pins 190 fixed to it.
  • the rollers 3 can incline relative to these pins by virtue of positionable bearings with barrel rollers 191 mounted in the interior of the rollers 3, specifically between these rollers and said pins.
  • An inventive aspect consists of the fact that the centering (or the centered guiding) of the internally and externally toothed ring gear 170 is essentially achieved by the actual support and drive means for the rollers 3.
  • the ring gear 170 presents a peripheral flange 200 in which an endless groove 201 is provided. This groove acts as a track for sliders or rather wheels 202 rigidly fixed by screws 203 and sockets 204 to the drive pins 174, with which they therefore rotate.
  • the crawler track 123 and its cooperating cylinder 130 (partly) compress it and transfer it to the port 121 of the forming chamber 23, the rotating rollers 3 of which, with their axes disposed at this stage parallel to the axis 49 of the chamber 23, progressively shape and compress within said chamber a body formed from the loaded material.
  • the crawler track cylinder 123 derives its movement from a gearwheel which engages the external toothing of the ring 2. The cylinder 123 transfers this movement to the cylinder 130 via a chain transmission. The cylinder 130 then transmits movement to the netting feed cylinder 135 via a cross belt transmission.
  • the tensioning device 400 for the belt 160 of the motor 85 can be advantageously formed as shown in Figure 4 of the initially cited WO 00/32385 .
  • the concept on which the machine of the invention is based can be used for continuous instead of discontinuous production, i.e. instead of one bale at a time as in the aforegoing part of this description.
  • the shaft 163 is extended and carries a pinion 300.
  • a casing 301 rotatable on bearings 302 is mounted on the shaft 163.
  • a gear 303 engages the pinion and is supported on bearings 304 in the casing 301.
  • the gear shaft 305 is connected by a universal joint 306 and a telescopic torsional connection shaft 307 to a motor means such as an electric motor or to the power take-off of a tractor.
  • a second universal joint is indicated by 304.
  • the casing 301 is connected by a lateral connecting rod 308 to the output rod 309 of a means 310 which can for example be a double acting pump, a slide valve or the like.
  • the means 310 is hydraulically connected by conduits 311 to the chambers of the actuator 100 of Figure 5 which, as stated, skews the rollers 3.
  • the resistant torque decreases and the casing 301 rotates in the opposite direction to the arrow R to decrease and then annul the extent of skew of the rollers 3.
  • the exiting bale is separated by known cutting means, while the chamber in the meantime continues to receive material and the described procedure is repeated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Eine Maschine für das Zusammenpressen zu Ballen von verformbaren Gegenständen, wobei sie eine zylindrische Kammer (23) mit horizontaler Achse (49) umfasst, deren Wände aus motorbetätigten Walzen (3) bestehen, die auf dem Umfang angebracht sind und ihre Längsachsen parallel und drehbar um ihre längs verlaufende Hauptachse haben, und in deren Kammer (23) die Materialien eintreten, die zusammengepresst werden sollen, wobei sie derart ausgestattete Mittel umfasst, dass die Schrägstellung der Walzen (3) und somit ein Axialschub auf das zusammengepresste Material erzeugt wird, um die Absonderung der besagten Materialien aus der Kammer (23) zu erzeugen, wobei die besagten Mittel zur Schrägstellung der Walzen (3) derart ausgestattet sind, dass sie mindestens einen Teil der besagten Walzen (3) durch einen Ring (2) stützen, der sich um eine Welle (92) drehen kann; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte Welle (92) parallel zur Achse des besagten Ringes, jedoch außermittig zur Achse des besagten Ringes verläuft.
  2. Eine Maschine nach Anspruch 1, bei der die besagte außermittige Welle auf der Außenseite des Ringes (2) liegt oder mit der Achse von einer der besagten Walzen (3) übereinstimmt.
  3. Eine Maschine nach vorherigen Ansprüchen, bei der die Mittel zur Schrägstellung einen Steuerstift (93) umfassen, der sich entlang einer kreisförmigen Bewegungsbahn drehen soll und mit einer profilierten Öffnung (94) ineinander greift, die sich in einem peripheren Fortsatz (95) des besagten drehbaren Ringes (2) befindet, wobei der besagte Fortsatz (95) sich im Abstand von der besagten außermittigen Welle (92) befindet.
  4. Eine Maschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, in der sich zur Betätigung der Walzen (3) eine Getriebeverbindung befindet, die einen innen und außen verzahnten Zahnkranz (170) umfasst, dabei empfangen die Walzen (3) ihre Bewegung von der äußeren Verzahnung des besagten Zahnkranzes (170) und jede Walze ist mit einem Rad (202) verbunden, das sich mit dieser Walze drehen kann und sich innerhalb einer kreisförmigen Führung (201) dreht, die durch den besagten Zahnkranz (170) dargestellt wird.
  5. Eine Maschine nach Anspruch 3, bei der der Steuerstift (93) durch ein Antriebselement (100) gedreht wird, das vorzugsweise mit Druckflüssigkeit arbeitet.
  6. Eine Maschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der die Walzen (3) durch den Zahnkranz (170) an einem Ende der besagten Walzen mittels eines Getriebes (172), das mit der äußeren Verzahnung des besagten Zahnkranzes ineinander greift, sowie mittels eines Kardangelenks (173) betätigt werden.
  7. Eine Maschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, die ein Stützelement (131) für eine Walze (132) aus vorzugsweise geflochtenem Material (134) umfasst, um den Ballen aus rotierend zusammengepresstem Material zu umwickeln, sowie Steuerelemente zur Förderung und zum Schneiden (135, 136, 142, 144, 145) umfasst, um an die besagte Kammer (23) eine vorher festgelegte Länge umwickeltes Material (134) zu liefern.
  8. Eine Maschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der eine gesteuerte Tür (22) für den Verschluss der Kammer (23) ausgestattet ist.
  9. Eine Maschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der die Tür (22) durch einen Antrieb (300) mit Druckflüssigkeit gesteuert wird.
  10. Eine Maschine nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 9, bei der eine Klinke (114) zum Versperren der Tür (22) in ihrer Verschlussposition vorhanden ist, wobei die besagte Klinke durch denselben Antrieb (100) gesteuert wird, welcher die Schrägstellung der Walzen (3) steuert.
  11. Eine Maschine nach mindestens einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der der Antrieb (100), welcher die Schrägstellung der Walzen (3) steuert, dann einwirkt, wenn der vom ersten Antriebsmotor (85) absorbierte Strom einem Bezugswert entspricht oder ihn übertrifft.
  12. Eine Maschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der ein Riemengetriebe zwischen dem ersten Motor (85) sowie der sich in Betrieb befindlichen Verbindung für die Walzen (3) angebracht ist, wobei sich in dem besagten Getriebe eine Spannvorrichtung (400) befindet, die mit einem Fühler verbunden ist, um über die Position der besagten Spannvorrichtung die angeforderte rotierende Zusammenpressung des Materials abzumessen.
  13. Eine Maschine nach mindestens einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der sich zwischen der sich in Betrieb befindlichen Verbindung für die Walzen (3) und einem Motorelement (zum Beispiel der Nebenantrieb eines Traktors), welches die besagte Verbindung antreibt, ein Zahnradpaar (300, 303) befindet, bei dem ein erstes Zahnrad (303) des besagten Paares drehbar um das andere Zahnrad (300) des besagten Paares ist und derart gestützt wird, dass solch eine Drehung aufgrund des Gegendrehmoments den Eingriff des Antriebs (100) bestimmt, welcher die Schrägstellung der Walzen (3) steuert.
  14. Eine Maschine nach Anspruch 13, bei der das Zahnradpaar (300, 303) in einem Gehäuse (301) drehbar um das erste Zahnrad (300) ist und zusammen mit dem anderen Zahnrad (303) montiert wird, wobei das besagte Gehäuse (301) betriebsfähig mit einem Träger (310) verbunden ist, welcher den Eingriff des Antriebs (100) steuert.
  15. Eine Maschine nach mindestens einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der die außermittige Welle (92) ein Kugelgelenk umfasst, um die Neigung der Ebene des Walzenträgerrings (2) zu ermöglichen.
EP02728030A 2001-04-12 2002-04-08 Maschine zum verpressen von gegenstände in ballen Expired - Lifetime EP1377431B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI20010080 2001-04-12
IT2001MI000800A ITMI20010800A1 (it) 2001-04-12 2001-04-12 Macchina per il compattamento a balla di cose deformabili
PCT/IT2002/000218 WO2002083401A1 (en) 2001-04-12 2002-04-08 Machine for compacting deformable objects into bales

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1377431A1 EP1377431A1 (de) 2004-01-07
EP1377431B1 true EP1377431B1 (de) 2008-12-10

Family

ID=11447501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02728030A Expired - Lifetime EP1377431B1 (de) 2001-04-12 2002-04-08 Maschine zum verpressen von gegenstände in ballen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1377431B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE416910T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60230246D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2319395T3 (de)
IT (1) ITMI20010800A1 (de)
PT (1) PT1377431E (de)
WO (1) WO2002083401A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10339652B4 (de) * 2003-08-28 2012-09-06 Deere & Company Rundballenpresse
CN110639955B (zh) * 2019-10-11 2020-10-27 台州市椒江蒙特智能装备有限公司 一种食品级金箔加工装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1246309B (de) * 1965-11-22 1967-08-03 Xaver Fendt & Co Maschinen U S Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von formbestaendigen Wickelballen
GB1248703A (en) * 1969-10-23 1971-10-06 Wtz Feikeramischen Ind Apparatus for the production of wound bales of stalk crop material
AU1679300A (en) * 1998-11-27 2000-06-19 C.A.E.B. S.R.L. Machine for the interwoven compacting of deformable objects

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60230246D1 (de) 2009-01-22
ES2319395T3 (es) 2009-05-07
WO2002083401A1 (en) 2002-10-24
ATE416910T1 (de) 2008-12-15
ITMI20010800A1 (it) 2002-10-12
ITMI20010800A0 (it) 2001-04-12
PT1377431E (pt) 2009-03-17
EP1377431A1 (de) 2004-01-07

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