Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
  • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
  • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
  • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2225/00—Measuring
  • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
  • F23N2225/18—Measuring temperature feedwater temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2225/00—Measuring
  • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
  • F23N2225/19—Measuring temperature outlet temperature water heat-exchanger
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2225/00—Measuring
  • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
  • F23N2225/20—Measuring temperature entrant temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
  • F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
  • F23N2227/16—Checking components, e.g. electronic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring burners according to the preambles of independent claims 1 and 7 and a test method for testing the method and the device according to claim 15.
• Methods and devices for monitoring burners with a burner control for controlling or regulating the burner are already known, which are used in heating systems of all types, for example in oil and gas combustion systems, for heating buildings. These methods and devices generally use regulators for regulating the burner control and temperature monitors for monitoring maximum temperatures in the heating system, such as the boiler or the flow temperature, in order to detect unsafe operating conditions, such as overheating of the boiler.
• a sensor system such as a boiler sensor, flow sensor or return sensor, which detects the temperature of the heating water in the boiler in the flow line or in the return line.
• known methods and devices for monitoring burners have further mostly mechanical limiting devices which detect a maximum temperature and, when exceeded, switch the burner off and lock it. In this case, either the heating specialist or the operator of the heating system must determine why this operating state has been reached, i.e. Detect the fault and then release the lock and allow the burner to restart.
• the known prior art has the disadvantage that the previously known devices and methods for monitoring burners have safety devices which operate in unsafe operating states, such as For example, when the maximum temperature is reached or exceeded, switch the burner off and lock it without making any distinctions between cases.
• unsafe operating states such as For example, when the maximum temperature is reached or exceeded, switch the burner off and lock it without making any distinctions between cases.
• reheats after a burner shutdown in thermal baths or boilers which have a small water content and which in this case do not necessarily have to be locked if the maximum temperature is exceeded.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of improving the known methods and devices for monitoring burners in such a way that dynamic monitoring of burners is made possible which detects the operating states before or after an unsafe operating state has been reached. Furthermore, it is the object of the present invention to specify a test method for testing such a method or such a device.
• the method according to the invention for monitoring burners has an automatic burner control for controlling or regulating the burner and possibly a controller for regulating the automatic burner and a temperature monitor, at least the flow / boiler temperature being detected and by means of the temperature monitor with a predeterminable first maximum flow / Boiler temperature is compared and the burner is switched off when the flow / boiler temperature reaches or exceeds the predetermined first maximum flow / boiler temperature.
• the temperature monitor is checked or monitored as follows: the flow / boiler temperature is compared with a predeterminable second maximum flow / boiler temperature, the predeterminable second maximum flow / boiler temperature being higher than the predeterminable first maximum flow / boiler temperature, and the burner is then switched off and locked when the flow / boiler temperature reaches or exceeds the predeterminable second maximum flow / boiler temperature and an error signal from the temperature monitor has additionally been generated.
• the burner is therefore not locked when the flow t boiler temperature is the predeterminable second maximum flow / boiler temperature, i.e. reaches a predeterminable safety temperature, but there must be an additional error signal that depends on certain operating states of the burner as follows. It must be taken into account here that both the flow temperature and the boiler temperature can be used to monitor the unsafe operating state "overheating of the boiler or the thermal bath".
• the method according to the invention thus uses the existing sensors in the known heating systems and thus replaces the previously used ones usual mechanical safety temperature limiters, which have mostly monitored the temperature in the flow or on the boiler with an extra sensor.
• the error signal from the temperature monitor is generated when the flow
• the error signal of the temperature monitor is also generated when the flow / boiler temperature is the predeterminable first maximum flow t-boiler temperature reached or exceeded and a burner valve signal signals an open burner valve or there is no burner valve signal. In this case the first maximum flow t boiler temperature has been exceeded without interrupting the fuel supply to the burner. In this case, too, the error signal is generated, which leads to the burner being switched off and locked.
• the burner is therefore not locked if the second maximum flow / boiler temperature is exceeded, but the temperature monitor "reports" a regular burner shutdown.
• This regular burner shutdown occurs when the first maximum flow Z boiler temperature reaches or was exceeded and the temperature monitor reports a status signal which confirms the sending of an "OFF" signal to the automatic burner control and when a burner valve signal signals the closing or the closed state of the fuel valve.
• reheating Reaching the second maximum flow / boiler temperature when the burner is switched off is called reheating.
• This reheating is initially not a critical operating state, since it is not caused by a control error, but by unfavorable operating conditions or operating states.
• a special counter for the reheating is counted up if the second maximum flow / boiler temperature were reached by reheating.
• the error signal of the temperature monitor is generated when the flow / boiler temperature reaches or exceeds the predeterminable second maximum flow t-boiler temperature more than a predeterminable number of times without the burner being locked. If, for example, reheating occurs more than ten times a day, an error does appear to exist (for example, the pump is not running properly) and consequently the burner control or burner must be locked and a corresponding error code displayed if this counter limit is exceeded.
• the error signal from the temperature monitor is not generated if the flow t-boiler temperature exceeds the predeterminable second maximum flow temperature. / Boiler temperature does not reach or exceed the predetermined number of times within a predetermined time without the burner being locked. Therefore, if this maximum limit of the counter (for example ten times a day) is not exceeded, the counter is reset to zero every 24 hours. This maximum number can advantageously be predetermined, ie set on the device according to the invention.
• the burner is switched off and locked in any case when the flow t-boiler temperature reaches or exceeds the predeterminable second maximum flow t-boiler temperature and the error signal of the temperature monitor has been blocked or is not present.
• the device according to the invention works like a mechanical temperature limiter.
• the device according to the invention advantageously has or uses a temperature sensor for detecting the flow temperature or the boiler temperature of a heating system, while the temperature monitor compares this measured temperature with the predeterminable first maximum flow t-boiler temperature and switches off the burner when it is reached or exceeded.
• a temperature limiter in particular an electronic safety temperature limiter, compares the flow / boiler temperature with the predeterminable second maximum flow / boiler temperature, which is higher than the predeterminable first maximum flow / boiler temperature, and sends a shutdown signal for switching off and locking the burner to the
• the temperature limiter receives an error signal when the flow / boiler temperature reaches or exceeds the predeterminable first maximum flow temperature and the temperature monitor sends a status signal to the temperature limiter that does not signal that the burner is switched off and / or the temperature limiter is switched off one Burner valve signal detects an open burner valve.
• the temperature limiter itself generates an error signal if it does not receive a burner valve signal or a status signal from the temperature monitor or if none of these signals are present at the temperature limiter, since the temperature limiter must then assume that either the signal transmission path or the signal transmitter itself is defective.
• the temperature limiter shows the function of the mechanical safety temperature limiter, which switches the burner off and locks it when the second maximum flow / boiler temperature is exceeded.
• the temperature limiter advantageously has a counter which counts the number of times the predetermined maximum second flow temperature has been reached or exceeded without the burner being locked.
• the temperature limiter does not receive or generate an error signal if the counter does not reach or exceed a predeterminable number within a predeterminable time.
• FIG. 1 shows the schematic representation of a heating system
• Figure 2 shows the schematic representation of the method and the device according to the invention
• FIG. 1 schematically shows the view of a heating system with a heater 14 which has a boiler 16 and a burner 15 which is supplied with fuel via a fuel line 17.
• the heated heating water is pumped via a pump (not shown) into a flow line 11 to a heat exchanger 13 and from there is returned via a return line 12 to the heater 14, where it is reheated.
• the flow temperature TVL of the heating water is measured, while the return temperature T RL of the water is also measured shortly before reaching the boiler 16.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention with automatic burner control 1 and temperature limiter 2, which receives a burner valve signal 10 from the automatic burner control 1. Furthermore, the temperatures measured by the sensors (not shown in FIG.
• the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention comprises a controller 4, which sends a heat request signal 6 to the automatic firing device 1.
• the controller 4 which sends a heat request signal 6 to the automatic firing device 1.
• the controller 4 sends a flow temperature setpoint TVL SO II corresponding to the heating control to the temperature limiter 2, which in turn checks the signals known to it for plausibility and sends a checked flow temperature signal TVL 2 to the controller 4 and the temperature monitor 5.
• the temperature monitor 5 uses this checked flow temperature signal TVL 2 to monitor the first predeterminable maximum flow / boiler temperature TvLmaxi and sends a monitor signal 7 to the burner control unit 1 if the
• Flow temperature TVL exceeds the first predeterminable maximum flow Z boiler temperature T Lma x i.
• the temperature monitor 5 sends a status signal 9 to the temperature limiter 2, which, when the flow temperature T V L exceeds the second predeterminable maximum flow Z boiler temperature TvLmax2, tests both this status signal 9 and the burner valve signal 10 and, if both signals are present, no shutdown signal 8 for switching off and locking the burner 15, since then there is a regular temperature monitor switch-off of the burner 15.
• the temperature limiter 2 is advantageously an electronic temperature limiter, which determines the flow temperature (or boiler temperature), a return temperature T RL), a flow Z boiler temperature setpoint TVL SO II, and a status signal 9 from the temperature monitor
• the burner valve signal 10 is checked for plausibility on the basis of plausibility criteria and provides the controller 4 and Z or the temperature monitor 5 with a tested forward flow Z boiler temperature T VL2 .
• the temperature limiter 2 sends the shutdown signal 8 to shutdown and lock the burner 15 to the burner control unit 1 if one or more of the plausibility criteria are not met. After switching off the Brenners 15 this is locked against an automatic restart if the plausibility check delivered a corresponding result.
• the temperature limiter 2 thus not only monitors the individual temperature sensors 3 for short-circuit interruptions or plausibility (for example an unnaturally high difference between the flow and return temperatures), but also the electronic temperature monitor 5. Monitoring the individual sensors 3 ensures that the controller 4 and the temperature monitor 5 always has reliable measured values available.
• An advantageous test method for testing the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention for monitoring burners is carried out by successively switching off various functions of the temperature limiter 2, so that each individual function can be tested separately.
• the other functions can be switched off separately and, for example, by checking the corresponding values of the supply boiler temperature TVL, the return temperature TRL, the supply Z boiler temperature setpoint TVL SO II, the status signal 9, the temperature monitor 5 and Z or the burner valve signal 10 for plausibility based on plausibility criteria.
• the switch-off signal 8 for switching off and locking the burner 15 is sent to the burner control unit 1 when the predeterminable second maximum advance ZBoiler temperature T L m a x 2 is reached or exceeded.
• the switching limit ie the exceeding of the predeterminable second maximum forward Z boiler temperature T V Lmax2
• the temperature limiter 2 can thus also be checked for its functionality if corresponding functions are provided which switch off the burner 15 below the predeterminable second maximum flow temperature.
• a bit pattern is advantageously defined for switching off and for releasing individual functions or functional parts of the temperature limiter 2. Individual functions can be activated or blocked by setting "0" and "1".
• An example of such a bit pattern is shown in the following table:
• the shutdown of the burner 15 when the predeterminable second maximum forward Z-boiler temperature T L max 2 is reached cannot be blocked on the basis of the table given above and is therefore always active. If all the functions in the table given above are blocked, the burner 15 is locked when the predeterminable second maximum forward Z-boiler temperature is exceeded.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
• Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
• Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 2001
  • 2001-03-26 DE DE10114823A patent/DE10114823A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2002
  • 2002-03-14 EP EP02702678A patent/EP1373801B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-03-14 AT AT02702678T patent/ATE394636T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-03-14 US US10/473,329 patent/US7090140B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-03-14 DE DE50212225T patent/DE50212225D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-03-14 WO PCT/IB2002/000788 patent/WO2002077529A1/fr active IP Right Grant

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