EP1370821A1

EP1370821A1 - Penetration inhibiting material

Info

Publication number: EP1370821A1
Application number: EP02735119A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christian Böttger; Achim Fels
Original assignee: Teijin Twaron GmbH
Current assignee: Teijin Aramid GmbH
Priority date: 2001-03-15
Filing date: 2002-03-08
Publication date: 2003-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-08
Also published as: US20040082242A1; AU2002311034B2; CZ20032492A3; ES2303856T3; JP2004531408A; CA2439585A1; US7132380B2; IL156645A; ES2266085T3; JP4150594B2; PT1241432E; WO2002075237A1; HRP20030730A2; PT1370821E; ATE337539T1; ATE397195T1; CA2433966C; MXPA03008352A; KR20030088452A; RU2003130368A

Abstract

The invention pertains to a penetration-resistant material comprising at least a double layer of woven fabric, characterized in that the double layer comprises a first layer of fabric composed of a first set of threads comprising 3.5 to 20 threads/cm, having a linear density of at least 210 dtex, and comprising at least 65% of the fabric weight, and a second set of threads comprising 0.5 to 16 threads/cm and having a linear density of at least 50 dtex, with the second set of threads being transverse to the first set of threads, and the ratio of the number of threads/cm of the first set to that of the second set is > 1, and a second layer of fabric composed of a first set of threads comprising 0.5 to 16 threads/cm and having a linear density of at least 50 dtex, and a second set of threads comprising 3.5 to 20 threads/cm, having a linear density of at least 210 dtex, and comprising at least 65% of the fabric weight, with the second set of threads being transverse to the first set of threads, and the ratio of the number of threads/cm of the second set to that of the first set is > 1, and wherein the first and second sets of threads of the first layer have a parallel orientation towards the first and second sets, respectively, of threads of the second layer.

Description

Anti-penetration material

Description:

The present invention relates to a penetration-resistant material.

EP-A 01 200979 describes a penetration-inhibiting material comprising at least one double layer of fabrics, which is characterized in that the double layer comprises a first and a second fabric layer, the first fabric layer comprising a first thread set comprising at least 65% of the fabric weight and having a thread density of 3 , 5 to 20 threads / cm and a thread titer of at least 210 dtex and a second thread set comprising a thread density of 0.5 to 16 threads / cm and a thread titer of at least 50 dtex, the second thread set being transverse to the first thread set and the The ratio of the thread density of the first thread set to the thread density of the second thread set is> 1, the second fabric layer comprising a first thread set comprising a thread density of 0.5 to 16 threads / cm and a thread titer of at least 50 dtex and a second thread comprising at least 65% of the fabric weight Thread set comprising a thread density of 3.5 to 20 threads / cm un d contains a thread titer of at least 210 dtex, the second thread set being transverse to the first thread set and the ratio of the thread density of the second thread set to the thread density of the first thread set being> 1 and the first and second thread sets of the first fabric layer being parallel to the first and second, respectively Thread set of the second fabric layer runs. EP-B 0 397 696 describes a composite material with resistance to impact, that is to say a penetration-resistant material. The material consists of one or more layers, at least one of the layers mentioned containing a network of filaments in a matrix. The filaments have an equivalent filament diameter. This means the diameter of a circle that has the same cross-sectional area as the average cross-sectional area of the filaments in the layer. The filaments form a thread that can be shaped as a fabric. EP-B 0 397 696 teaches that the penetration-inhibiting effect depends on the ratio of layer thickness D to equivalent filament diameter F. According to this teaching, the best penetration-resistant effect results expressed as v ₅ o value when said ratio is close to 1. According to EP-B 0397 696, the greater the value of this ratio, the worse the penetration-inhibiting effect of the material. With a D / F ratio of 12.8, the penetration-inhibiting effect has already decreased so much that EP-B 0 397 696 shuns even larger values of the ratio.

In view of the existing need for further materials with good penetration-inhibiting properties, the object of the present invention is to provide a further penetration-inhibiting material.

This object is achieved by a penetration-resistant material comprising at least one layer of thickness D, the layer comprising a first and a second fabric layer, the first and the second fabric layer being connected with a binder, the first fabric layer comprising at least 65% of the fabric weight forming a first thread set comprising a thread density of 3.5 to 20 threads / cm, a thread titer of at least 210 dtex and the thread-forming filaments with a filament diameter Fi and a second thread set comprising a thread density of 0.5 to 16 threads / cm and a thread titer contains of at least 50 dtex, the second thread set with the first thread set running at an angle of> 0 ° to 90 ° and the ratio of the thread density of the first thread set to the thread density of the second thread set being> 1, the second weave a first thread set comprising a thread density of 0.5 to 16 threads / cm and a thread titer of at least 50 dtex and a second thread set comprising at least 65% of the fabric weight comprising a thread density of 3.5 to 20 threads / cm, a thread titer of at least 210 dtex and the filaments forming the filaments with a filament diameter F ₂ , the second thread set to the first thread set at an angle of> 0 ° to 90 ° and the ratio of the thread density of the second thread set to the thread density of the first thread set is> 1 and wherein the first and second thread sets of the first fabric layer run parallel to the first and second thread sets of the second fabric layer, respectively, and the ratio of D / Fi and D / F _{2 is} 14.5 to 40.

The term filament diameter means the average diameter of the filaments over their length. If the filament cross-sections are not circular, Fi and F ₂ each mean the diameter of circles which have the same cross-sectional area as the average cross-sectional area of the filaments over their length.

If one follows the teaching of EP-B 0 397 696, the penetration-inhibiting effect of the material becomes unattractive with a D / F ratio> 12.8. In view of the teaching of EP-B 0397696 a staged before the above object skilled in the art would expect that the already slightly above bad of D / F = 12.8 V ₅ o values at a further increase of the D / F ratio even worse .. Under no circumstances would the person skilled in the art therefore expect that at values of the D / F ratio well above 12.8, attractive Vso values would result at all. And completely outside the imagination of the skilled in the art it would be if significantly above 12.8 v ₅ o values with increasing value of D / F ratio may even increase in the area of the D / F ratio. However, exactly this behavior of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention was found, as the examples of the present invention show. The thickness of the layer is measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 5084 at a load of 0.1 N / cm ² .

In a preferred embodiment of the penetration-resistant material according to the invention, D / Fi and D / F _{2 is} 16 to 36.

In further preferred embodiments of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, D / Fi = D / F ₂ .

In further preferred embodiments of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, the ratio of the thread titer of the first thread set to the thread titer of the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the thread titer of the second thread set to the thread titer of the first thread set of the second fabric layer is> 1, particularly preferably> 4.2 and very particularly preferably> 5.9.

Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, at least one of the second thread sets of the first fabric layer and the first thread sets of the second fabric layer comprises 0.5 to 8 threads / cm.

A polymer selected from the group of thermoplastics, elastomers or thermosets or a mixture of at least two of these groups is preferably used as the binder in the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, polyols such as polyethylene such as LDPE, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester or mixtures of these polymers or thermoplastic being used as thermoplastics Elastomers, as elastomers rubber, silicone and the like and as thermosets, epoxy, polyester, phenol and vinyl ester resins are particularly preferred. However, two or more of the abovementioned polymers and also their mixtures can also serve as binders in the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention. The binder can consist of the same polymer or polymer mixture in all layers of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention. However, it is also possible for the binder to consist of different polymers or polymer mixtures of the aforementioned type in different layers of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention.

In further preferred embodiments of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, the first thread set of the first fabric layer and the second thread set of the second fabric layer consist of yarns of high strength and preferably high modulus, which are selected from one of the groups of aramids, polyethylenes or poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazoles, where Among the aramids, p-aramides are particularly preferred, in particular polyparaphenylene terephthalamide.

In principle, the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the first thread set of the second fabric layer can consist of any thread material with generally less strength than the first thread set of the first fabric layer and the second thread set of the second fabric layer, such as cotton, viscose, flax , Hemp, polyacrylic or the like. The second set of threads of the first fabric layer and the first set of threads of the second fabric layer are preferably selected from yarns from one of the groups of polyesters, polyethylenes, polypropylenes or aramids. The yarns of the same level preferably have a high strength and a high modulus.

In further preferred embodiments of the penetration-resistant material according to the invention, the first thread set of the first fabric layer and the second thread set of the second fabric layer consist of aramid threads and the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the first thread set of the second fabric layer consist of polyester threads. In further preferred embodiments of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, the thread titer of the first thread set of the first fabric layer and of the second thread set of the second fabric layer is 210 to 6720 dtex, preferably 420 to 3360 dtex, 420 to 1680 dtex and in particular 550 to 1100 dtex. A thread titer of 840 dtex has proven itself very well.

In further preferred embodiments of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, the thread titer of the second thread set of the first fabric layer and of the first thread set of the second fabric layer is 50 to 280 dtex, particularly preferably 80 to 210 dtex. A thread titer for the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the first thread set of the second fabric layer of 140 dtex has proven to be favorable.

In further preferred embodiments of the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention, the first thread set of the first fabric layer and the first thread set of the second fabric layer are warp threads and the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the second thread set of the second fabric layer are weft threads.

In a preferred embodiment of the penetration-resistant material according to the invention, at least one of the outer sides of the material is provided with a protective layer, which e.g. consists of a thermoplastic, thermoset or elastomer or a mixture of the polymers just mentioned. The layer is applied to protect the outside (s) of the material from excessive abrasion and to improve the ballistic effect.

As already mentioned, the penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention consists of at least one layer of the type described above. The number of layers required for a certain ballistic protective effect can be readily determined by the person skilled in the art, for example by bombardment tests and determining the v ₅₀ value of the material. The penetration-inhibiting material according to the invention can be produced, for example, by first selecting one of the first and second fabric layers already described and one of the binders mentioned, the binder preferably being used in the form of a film. Then, in accordance with the special purpose of the penetration-resistant material, the first and second fabric layers and the binder film are layered on top of one another in a certain sequence. For example, layers for softballistics are formed and pressed in the sequence binder film / first fabric layer / binder film / second fabric layer / binder film. For hard ballistics, for example, layers are formed in the sequence of binder film / first fabric layer / binder film / second fabric layer, after which, in accordance with the intended ballistic protective effect, a certain number of the layers mentioned are overlaid and pressed into sheets. Also in the production of the layers for softballistics, several layers of the above-mentioned type can be pressed at the same time, if it is ensured by suitable means, for example by means of release papers, that these layers can be separated again after pressing. The binder films pointing outwards during the formation of the layers generally form a protective layer for the underlying fabric layer after the pressing. For example, a static press is suitable for pressing. The pressing in the static press is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from 80 to 220 ° C., a pressure from 5 to 100 bar and for a period of 15 to 150 seconds per shift. The heating of the press is then switched off.

To determine the layer thickness for a material in which several layers have been pressed together (hard ballistics), the total thickness is first measured and the value determined is divided by the number of layers, which determines the thickness D of a layer in the penetration-resistant material according to the invention. Finally, the ratio D / F is determined using the equivalent filament diameter F defined at the beginning. The invention is described in more detail by the following examples.

Example 1: Softballistics

A penetration-resistant material a) (see row a of Table 1) is produced as described below:

The first fabric layer used is a fabric made from polyparaphenylene terephthalamide warp threads (Twaron ^® from Teijin Twaron) with the values for thread titer, thread density and filament diameter F given in row a) of Table 1 and from polyester weft threads (trade name TREVIRA ^® from Hoechst) with a thread titer of 140 dtex and a thread density of 2 threads / cm.

The second fabric layer used is a fabric made from polyparaphenylene terephthalamide weft threads (Twaron ^® from Teijin Twaron) with the values for thread titer, thread density and filament diameter F given in row a) of Table 1 and from polyester warp threads (trade name TREVIRA ^® from Hoechst) with a thread titer of 140 dtex and a thread density of 4 threads / cm.

An LDPE film available from EKB Kunststoffe under the name LDPE flat film, transparent, serves as a binder.

23 layers (sequence in each layer: binder film / first fabric layer / binder film / second fabric layer / binder film) are placed one on top of the other, separated by release paper, and in a press at a temperature of 120 ° C, a pressure of 25 bar for 25 minutes. The heating of the press is then switched off. Then the layers are separated from each other, the release paper is removed and the 23 layers are placed on top of each other again and combined into a package. The thickness of each layer of the resulting package (designated a in Table 1) is measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 5084 at a load of 0.1 N / cm ² . Finally, the ratio D / F is determined using the filament diameter F defined at the beginning (see row a) of Table 1). Table 1 also shows the basis weight of the package.

The antiballistic protective effect of the package a) is characterized by determining the v ₅₀ value in accordance with the technical guideline "Protective vests of the German police" with a caliber of 9 x 19 of the DM41 projectile type from DAG. The results are summarized in row a) of Table 1.

Furthermore, materials b) and c) were produced in the same way as material a), with the difference that polyparaphenylene terephthalamide weft threads with the values of thread titer, thread density and filament diameter given in rows b) and c) of Table 1, respectively were used.

Table 1 :

Table 1 shows that materials with good v ₅₀ values are obtained even though D / F is well above 12.8. It can also be seen that with a practically constant basis weight of the materials a) -c) the v ₅₀ values even increase with increasing D / F ratio. Example 2: hard ballistics

A penetration-resistant material d) (see Table 2) is produced as described below:

The first fabric layer used is a fabric made of polyparaphenylene terephthalamide warp threads (Twaron ^® from Teijin Twaron) with the values for thread titer, thread density and filament diameter F given in Table 2 and of polyester weft threads (trade name TREVIRA ^® from Hoechst) with a thread titer of 140 dtex and a thread density of 2 threads / cm. puts.

The second fabric layer used is a fabric made from polyparaphenylene terephthalamide weft threads (Twaron ^® from Teijin Twaron) with the values for thread titer, thread density and filament diameter F given in Table 2 and from polyester warp threads (trade name TREVIRA ^® from Hoechst) used with a thread titer of 140 dtex and a thread density of 4 threads / cm.

A binder film available under the name LDPE No. 251-50 from Caplast Kunststoffververarbeitung GmbH serves as a binder, which is applied as a one-sided coating to each fabric layer.

28 layers (sequence in each layer: binder coating / first fabric layer / binder coating / second fabric layer) are overlaid and pressed in a static press at a temperature of 120 ° C, a pressure of 30 bar and for a period of 40 minutes. Then the heating of the Press switched off. The thickness of the resulting plate d) is measured according to DIN EN ISO 5084 at a load of 0.1 N / cm ² and the measured value is divided by the number of layers, whereby the thickness D of a layer of the plate d) is obtained (see. Table 2). Finally, the ratio D / F is determined using the filament diameter F defined at the beginning (see Table 2). In addition, the basis weight of plate d) is given in Table 2.

The antiballistic protective effect of the plate d) is characterized by determining the v ₅₀ value in accordance with EN 1063 class B3, paw .357, magnum full sheath cone pointed (Geco), bullet type VMKS from Dynamit Nobel. The results are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2:

Table 2 shows that a material with good v ₅ is obtained o-value, although D / F is far above 12.8.

Claims

Penetration-resistant material claims:

1. Penetration-resistant material comprising at least one layer of thickness D, the layer comprising a first and a second fabric layer, the first and second fabric layers being connected with a binding agent, the first fabric layer comprising a first set of threads forming at least 65% of the fabric weight a thread density of 3.5 to 20 threads/cm, a thread count of at least 210 dtex and the filaments forming the threads with a filament diameter Fi and a second set of threads comprising a thread count of 0.5 to 16 threads/cm and a thread count of at least 50 dtex contains, wherein the second set of threads runs at an angle of > 0 ° to 90 ° to the first set of threads and the ratio of the thread density of the first set of threads to the thread density of the second set of threads is > 1, wherein the second fabric layer comprises a first set of threads with a thread density of 0, 5 to 16 threads/cm and a thread count of at least 50 dtex and a second set of threads comprising at least 65% of the fabric weight, comprising a thread density of 3.5 to 20 threads/cm, a thread count of at least 210 dtex and the filaments forming the threads with a filament diameter F ₂ contains, wherein the second set of threads runs at an angle of > 0 ° to 90 ° to the first set of threads and the ratio of the thread density of the second set of threads to the thread density of the first set of threads is > 1 and wherein the first and second sets of threads of the first fabric layer are parallel to the first or second set of threads of the second fabric layer, characterized in that the ratio of D/Fi and D/F ₂ is 14.5 to 40.

2. Penetration-inhibiting material according to claim 1, characterized in that D / Fi and D / F ₂ is 16 to 36.

3. Penetration-inhibiting material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that D/Fi = D/F ₂ .

4. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ratio of the thread titer of the first thread set to the thread titer of the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the thread titer of the second thread set to the thread titer of the first thread set of the second fabric layer is > 1 .

5. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ratio of the thread titer of the first thread set to the thread titer of the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the thread titer of the second thread set to the thread titer of the first thread set of the second fabric layer > 4, 2 is.

6. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ratio of the thread titer of the first thread set to the thread titer of the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the thread titer of the second thread set to the thread titer of the first thread set of the second fabric layer > 5, 9 is.

7. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the second thread sets of the first fabric layer and the first thread sets of the second fabric layer comprises 0.5 to 8 threads/cm.

8. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of the claims

1 to 7, characterized in that the binder is from one of the groups Thermoplastics, elastomers or thermosets or from a mixture of at least two of these groups is selected.

9. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first set of threads of the first fabric layer and the second set of threads of the second fabric layer consist of high-strength yarns which consist of one of the groups of aramids, polyethylenes or poly-p -phenylene benzobisoxazoles are selected.

10. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the second set of threads of the first fabric layer and the first set of threads of the second fabric layer are selected from yarns from one of the groups of polyesters, polyethylenes, polypropylenes or aramids.

11. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the first set of threads of the first fabric layer and the second set of threads of the second fabric layer consist of aramid threads and the second set of threads of the first fabric layer and the first set of threads of the second fabric layer consist of polyester threads .

12. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the thread titer of the first thread set of the first fabric layer and the second thread set of the second fabric layer is 210 to 6720 dtex.

13. Penetration-inhibiting material according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the thread titer of the second set of threads of the first fabric layer and of the first set of threads of the second fabric layer is 50 to 280 dtex.

4. Penetration-resistant material according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the first thread set of the first fabric layer and the first thread set of the second fabric layer are warp threads and the second thread set of the first fabric layer and the second thread set of the second fabric layer are weft threads.

15. Penetration-resistant material according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one of the outer sides of the material is provided with a protective layer.