JP5050399B2 - Bulletproof vest - Google Patents

Bulletproof vest Download PDF

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JP5050399B2
JP5050399B2 JP2006125719A JP2006125719A JP5050399B2 JP 5050399 B2 JP5050399 B2 JP 5050399B2 JP 2006125719 A JP2006125719 A JP 2006125719A JP 2006125719 A JP2006125719 A JP 2006125719A JP 5050399 B2 JP5050399 B2 JP 5050399B2
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fabric
cover factor
bulletproof vest
dtex
laminate
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JP2007298220A (en
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幸弘 野村
眞澄 藪内
茂雄 阿比留
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は高強度有機繊維からなる織物を最適に組合せた多層積層してなる防弾チョッキに関する。   The present invention relates to a bulletproof vest made of a multi-layer laminate in which fabrics made of high strength organic fibers are optimally combined.

従来、防弾チョッキは一種類の織物またはシールドと呼ばれる柔軟な複合材料シート積層体と織物の積層体を組合せで構成されており、複数の織物を組み合わせることは少なかった。最近、高強度有機繊維からなる織物の積層体を複数積層する提案がされているが、これらの提案は防弾性能に耐刃性能を付加することを目的とした組み合わせの提案であり、組合せによる防弾性能の向上については十分検討されていない。
特表2002-533651
Conventionally, a bulletproof vest is composed of a combination of a flexible composite sheet laminate called a type of fabric or shield and a laminate of fabric, and there are few combinations of a plurality of fabrics. Recently, proposals have been made to laminate multiple laminates of woven fabrics made of high-strength organic fibers. These proposals are a combination proposal aimed at adding blade-proof performance to bullet-proof performance. The improvement of this has not been fully studied.
Special Table 2002-533651

解決しようとする問題点は、織物を最も性能が発揮できる位置に配置した対破片用防弾チョッキを提供することである。   The problem to be solved is to provide a bulletproof vest for anti-breaking pieces in which the woven fabric is arranged at a position where the performance can be most exhibited.

発明者は高強度繊維からなる種々の織物についてその織り組織と衝撃速度と性能の発現性について鋭意検討した結果、以下の知見を得るに至った。即ち、ある一種の織物が全ての速度範囲で常に他に比べ優れた防弾性能を発現するのではなく、貫通挙動は繊度、織り組織、織り密度と弾速度によって変化するため、衝突する速度に応じて優れた性能を示す織物が異なるという挙動である。
一方、防弾チョッキによる弾丸の停止挙動について考えると着弾した弾は防弾チョッキを進むにしたがってその速度を失い、最終的に停止するに至る。
以上のことを併せて考えた結果、積層構造の中でそれぞれの部位毎に対象とする弾丸の速度に最も適した織物を配置することでそれぞれの織物の単独の性能から可成性で期待される耐弾性能よりも性能の高い防弾チョッキの設計を考案するに至った。具体的に説明すれば、速い速度で衝突する弾に対しては構成する繊維の応答性が優れることが必要であり、ヤーンのクリンプが少ない織物が適しており、遅い速度で衝突する弾に対しては応答性よりも織り構造が乱れにくい織物が適していることを見いだしたものである。これらのヤーンのクリンプの量や織り構造の乱れ即ち目ズレしにくさを表現する方法として本発明では以下の[数1]に示すカバーファクターを用いることができることがわかった。

〔数1〕 Cc=Wc +Fc − (Wc×Fc)

Wc=Dw/(1752√(Sgw/Ldw)
Fc=Df/(1752√(Sgf/Ldf)
布帛のカバーファクター:Cc
たて方向のカバーファクター:Wc
よこ方向のカバーファクター:Fc
たて糸繊度:Ldw(dtex)
よこ糸繊度:Ldf(dtex)
たて糸比重:Sgw
よこ糸比重:Sgf
たて織り密度:Dw(本/25mm)
よこ織り密度:Df(本/25mm)
なお、[数1]はJOHN WILEY & SONS社発刊H. H. Yang著「Kevlar Aramid Fiber」P104以降を参考にして、比重の異なる繊維のカバーファクターの計算が可能となるように修正したものである。
As a result of intensive studies on the woven structure, impact speed, and performance of various woven fabrics composed of high-strength fibers, the inventors have obtained the following knowledge. In other words, a certain type of fabric does not always exhibit superior bulletproof performance compared to others in the entire speed range, but the penetration behavior changes depending on the fineness, weave structure, weave density and bullet velocity, so it depends on the collision speed. It is the behavior that the textiles that show excellent performance are different.
On the other hand, when considering the stopping behavior of bullets due to bulletproof vests, the impacted bullets lose their speed as they progress through the bulletproof vest and eventually stop.
As a result of considering all of the above, it is expected to be feasible from the individual performance of each fabric by arranging the fabric most suitable for the target bullet speed for each part in the laminated structure. It came to devise the design of the bulletproof vest whose performance is higher than the bulletproof performance. Specifically, it is necessary for the bullets that collide at a high speed to have excellent responsiveness of the constituent fibers, and a fabric with less yarn crimp is suitable. In other words, it has been found that a woven fabric whose woven structure is less disturbed than responsiveness is suitable. It was found that the cover factor shown in the following [Equation 1] can be used in the present invention as a method for expressing the amount of crimp of these yarns and the disturbance of the weave structure, that is, the difficulty of misalignment.

[Formula 1] Cc = Wc + Fc− (Wc × Fc)

Wc = Dw / (1752√ (Sgw / Ldw)
Fc = Df / (1752√ (Sgf / Ldf)
Fabric cover factor: Cc
Vertical cover factor: Wc
Cover factor in the horizontal direction: Fc
Warp yarn fineness: Ldw (dtex)
Weft fineness: Ldf (dtex)
Warp specific gravity: Sgw
Weft specific gravity: Sgf
Warp density: Dw (book / 25mm)
Weft density: Df (book / 25mm)
In addition, [Equation 1] is published by JOHN WILEY & SONS. H. This is a modification that allows calculation of the cover factor of fibers having different specific gravities, with reference to “Kevlar Aramid Fiber” P104 and later by Yang.

本発明は強度が30cN/dtex以上の高強度有機繊維からなる織物積層体を少なくとも2種類組合せて構成した防弾チョッキに関するものである。強度が低い繊維でも本発明の効果は得られるが、絶対性能が劣るため防弾チョッキとして適していない。また、高強度有機繊維の種類としては、高分子量ポリエチレン繊維、ポリベンズアゾール繊維、パラアラミド繊維、ポリアリレート繊維のいずれの繊維を用いても本発明の効果を得ることが出来る。好ましくは少なくとも1つ織物が元来保有する防弾性能が優れている高分子量ポリエチレン繊維またはポリベンズアゾール繊維から構成されると本発明の効果をより顕著に得ることができる。
本発明では、弾丸が衝突する側から身体側にむかって、それぞれの織物積層体を構成する織物の[数1]で算出されるカバーファクター(Cc)が順次大きくなっていることがもっとも重要な要件である。弾の速度が最も早い衝突側には応答性の良い織物が高い耐弾能力を発揮するためカバーファクターの小さな織物を配し、弾の速度が低下した身体側には、応答性よりも目ズレし難い特性が要求されるためカバーファクターが大きい織物が適している。さらに好ましくは、弾が衝突する側に配される織物積層体のカバーファクターが0.6以下、身体側に配される織物積層体のカバーファクターが0.6以上であるとより顕著な発明の効果を得ることができる。
The present invention relates to a bulletproof vest comprising a combination of at least two kinds of woven laminates made of high-strength organic fibers having a strength of 30 cN / dtex or more. Even if the fiber has low strength, the effect of the present invention can be obtained, but the absolute performance is inferior, so it is not suitable as a bulletproof vest. Further, as the kind of high-strength organic fiber, the effect of the present invention can be obtained by using any one of high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, polybenzazole fiber, para-aramid fiber, and polyarylate fiber. The effect of the present invention can be more remarkably obtained when the high-molecular-weight polyethylene fiber or polybenzazole fiber, which is preferably possessed by at least one woven fabric and has excellent bulletproof performance.
In the present invention, it is most important that the cover factor (Cc) calculated by [Equation 1] of the fabrics constituting the respective fabric laminates is sequentially increased from the side where the bullet collides to the body side. It is a requirement. The impact side with the fastest bullet velocity has a fabric with good response, and a low cover factor fabric is used to provide high ballistic resistance. A woven fabric with a large cover factor is suitable because difficult properties are required. More preferably, when the cover factor of the fabric laminate disposed on the side where the bullet collides is 0.6 or less and the cover factor of the fabric laminate disposed on the body side is 0.6 or more, a more remarkable effect of the invention can be obtained. Can do.

本発明によって構成された2種類の織物からなる防弾チョッキはもともとの織物を単独で用いて得られる性能よりも高い防弾性能を示し、防弾チョッキの軽量化、薄厚化が可能となり、着用の不快感を低減できる。   The bulletproof vest composed of two types of woven fabrics constructed according to the present invention exhibits a higher bulletproof performance than that obtained by using the original woven fabric alone, making it possible to reduce the weight and thickness of the bulletproof vest and reduce the discomfort of wearing it can.

本発明ではそれぞれの速度での性能の優劣を判定する方法として以下の方法を用いた。
また、積層体としての防弾性能はMIL-STD-662Eに従って実施した試験で得られるV50値で比較した。V50値は試料を貫通する確率が50%である速度を示す数値である。その算出方法は、試料に10発以上の弾丸を発射し、非貫通であった弾丸の速度を速いほうからn点、貫通した弾丸の速度を遅い方からn点採り、それらの値を平均する。
In the present invention, the following method is used as a method for judging the superiority or inferiority of performance at each speed.
Moreover, the ballistic performance as a laminated body was compared with the V50 value obtained in the test conducted according to MIL-STD-662E. The V50 value is a numerical value indicating the speed at which the probability of penetrating the sample is 50%. The calculation method is to fire 10 or more bullets at the sample, take the point of non-penetrating bullets from the fastest n points, and the penetrating bullets from the slowest n points, and average the values. .

[織物A]
東洋紡績株式会社製高強度ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ(登録商標)SK71」繊度440dtex、引っ張り強度38cN/dtexを用い、実質的に撚りを加えず、密度30本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付105g/m2の平織物を作成した。
[Textile A]
High-strength polyethylene fiber "Dyneema (registered trademark) SK71" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. Using a fineness of 440dtex, tensile strength of 38cN / dtex, virtually no twist, density of 30 / 25mm (tateyo), weight of 105g / A plain fabric of m 2 was made.

[織物B]
東洋紡績株式会社製高強度ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ(登録商標)SK71」繊度440dtex、引っ張り強度38cN/dtexを用い、実質的に撚りを加えず、密度40本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付143g/m2の平織物を作成した。
[Fabric B]
High-strength polyethylene fiber "Dyneema (registered trademark) SK71" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., using a fineness of 440dtex, tensile strength of 38cN / dtex, virtually no twist, density of 40 / 25mm (tateyomo), weight of 143g / A plain fabric of m 2 was made.

[織物C]
東洋紡績株式会社製高強度ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ(登録商標)SK71」繊度440dtex、引っ張り強度38cN/dtexを用い、80回/1mの撚りを加え、密度45本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付165g/m2の平織物を作成した。
[Textile C]
High-strength polyethylene fiber “Dyneema (registered trademark) SK71” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. Using a fineness of 440dtex, tensile strength of 38cN / dtex, twisting of 80 turns / 1m, density of 45 pieces / 25mm (also called tateyo), basis weight of 165g A plain fabric of / m 2 was created.

[織物D]
東洋紡績株式会社製高強度ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ(登録商標)SK60」繊度440dtex、引っ張り強度28cN/dtexを用い、80回/1mの撚りを加え、密度45本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付166g/m2の平織物を作成した。
[Textile D]
High-strength polyethylene fiber “Dyneema (registered trademark) SK60” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. Using a fineness of 440dtex, tensile strength of 28cN / dtex, twisting of 80 turns / 1m, density of 45 pieces / 25mm (also called tateyo), basis weight of 166g A plain fabric of / m 2 was created.

[織物E]
東洋紡績株式会社製ポリベンズビスオキサゾール繊維「ザイロン(登録商標)AS」繊度555dtex、引っ張り強度37cN/dtexを用い、実質的に撚りを加えず、密度30本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付133g/m2の平織物を作成した。
[Textile E]
Polybenzbisoxazole fiber "Zylon (registered trademark) AS" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., with a fineness of 555dtex, tensile strength of 37cN / dtex, virtually no twist, density of 30 / 25mm (tateyo), weight of 133g A plain fabric of / m 2 was created.

[織物F]
東洋紡績株式会社製ポリベンズビスオキサゾール繊維「ザイロン(登録商標)AS」繊度555dtex、引っ張り強度37cN/dtexを用い、実質的に撚りを加えず、密度40本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付185g/m2の平織物を作成した。
[Fabric F]
Polybenzbisoxazole fiber "Zylon (registered trademark) AS" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., with a fineness of 555dtex, tensile strength of 37cN / dtex, virtually no twist, density 40 / 25mm (Tateyo-tomo), basis weight 185g A plain fabric of / m 2 was created.

[織物G]
市販のHEXCEL株式会社製アラミド織布、密度27本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付207g/m2の平織物を用いた。用いられている繊維の繊度は1110dtex、強度は21cN/dtexであった
[Textile G]
A commercially available aramid woven fabric manufactured by HEXCEL Co., Ltd., a plain fabric with a density of 27 pieces / 25 mm (also called tateyo) and a basis weight of 207 g / m 2 was used. The fiber used had a fineness of 1110 dtex and a strength of 21 cN / dtex.

[織物H]
市販のHEXCEL株式会社製アラミド織布、密度17本/25mm(たてよことも)、目付475g/m2の平織物を用いた。用いられている繊維の繊度は3330dtex、強度は20cN/dtexであった

各織物の仕様を表1に示す。
[Textile H]
A commercially available aramid woven fabric manufactured by HEXCEL Co., Ltd., a plain fabric with a density of 17 pieces / 25 mm (also called tateyo) and a basis weight of 475 g / m 2 was used. The fineness of the fiber used was 3330 dtex and the strength was 20 cN / dtex.
Table 1 shows the specifications of each fabric.

[織物積層体A]
織物Aを300mm×300mmに切断し、19枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.0kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate A]
The fabric A was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 19 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.0 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体B]
織物Bを300mm×300mmに切断し、19枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.0kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate B]
The fabric B was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 19 sheets were stacked, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.0 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体C]
織物Cを300mm×300mmに切断し、12枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.0kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate C]
The fabric C was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 12 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.0 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体D]
織物Dを300mm×300mmに切断し、15枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.0kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate D]
The fabric D was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 15 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.0 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体E]
織物Eを300mm×300mmに切断し、12枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.0kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate E]
Fabric E was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 12 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.0 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体F]
織物Fを300mm×300mmに切断し、11枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.0kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate F]
The fabric F was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 11 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.0 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体G]
織物Gを300mm×300mmに切断し、10枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.1kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate G]
The fabric G was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 10 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.1 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体H]
織物Hを300mm×300mmに切断し、5枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付2.4kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate H]
The fabric H was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, five sheets were stacked, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 2.4 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体I]
織物Aを300mm×300mmに切断し、13枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付1.4kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate I]
The fabric A was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 13 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 1.4 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体J]
織物Bを300mm×300mmに切断し、9枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付1.3kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile laminate J]
The fabric B was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 9 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 1.3 kg / m 2 .

[織物積層体K]
織物Cを300mm×300mmに切断し、8枚重ね合わせ、四隅をミシンで鉤形に縫製し、目付1.3kg/m2の織物積層体を作成した。
[Textile Laminate K]
The fabric C was cut into 300 mm × 300 mm, 8 sheets were overlapped, and the four corners were sewn into a hook shape with a sewing machine to prepare a fabric laminate having a basis weight of 1.3 kg / m 2 .

[実施例および比較例]
それぞれの織物を以下のように組合せて模擬破片弾(MIL−P−46593Aに記載のCalober.22 Type 1a)を用いてMIL−STD662Eに従って、V50の計測を実施した。
結果を表2に示す。
[Examples and Comparative Examples]
V50 measurement was carried out according to MIL-STD662E using simulated shards (Calber.22 Type 1a described in MIL-P-46593A) by combining the respective fabrics as follows.
The results are shown in Table 2.

本発明により、織物積層体を弾の速度変化に適した配置にすることで、可成性で期待されるよりも高い耐弾性能を得ることが出来、防弾チョッキの高性能化、軽量化が達成できる。   According to the present invention, by arranging the fabric laminated body suitable for bullet speed change, it is possible to obtain a bulletproof performance higher than expected in the feasibility and achieve high performance and light weight of the bulletproof vest. it can.

Claims (4)

強度が30cN/dtex以上のポリエチレン繊維からなる織物を積層した織物積層体を少なくとも2種類組合せて構成した対破片用防弾チョッキにおいて、弾丸が衝突する側から身体側にむかって、それぞれの織物積層体を構成する織物の[数1]で算出されるカバーファクター(Cc)が順次大きくなっていることを特徴とする対破片用防弾チョッキ。
〔数1〕 Cc=Wc +Fc − (Wc×Fc)

Wc=Dw/(1752√(Sgw/Ldw)
Fc=Df/(1752√(Sgf/Ldf)

布帛のカバーファクター:Cc
たて方向のカバーファクター:Wc
よこ方向のカバーファクター:Fc
たて糸繊度:Ldw(dtex)
よこ糸繊度:Ldf(dtex)
たて糸比重:Sgw
よこ糸比重:Sgf
織り密度たて:Dw(本/25mm)
織り密度よこ:Df(本/25mm)
In a bulletproof vest for anti-fragment pieces composed of a combination of at least two kinds of fabric laminates made of polyethylene fibers having a strength of 30 cN / dtex or more, the respective fabric laminates are arranged from the side where the bullet collides to the body side. A bulletproof vest for anti-breaking pieces, characterized in that the cover factor (Cc) calculated by [Equation 1] of the woven fabric constituting the fabric is sequentially increased.
[Formula 1] Cc = Wc + Fc− (Wc × Fc)

Wc = Dw / (1752√ (Sgw / Ldw)
Fc = Df / (1752√ (Sgf / Ldf)

Fabric cover factor: Cc
Vertical cover factor: Wc
Cover factor in the horizontal direction: Fc
Warp yarn fineness: Ldw (dtex)
Weft fineness: Ldf (dtex)
Warp specific gravity: Sgw
Weft specific gravity: Sgf
Fresh weave density: Dw (book / 25mm)
Weave density width: Df (book / 25mm)
弾丸が衝突する側に配する織物積層体の[数1]で算出されるカバーファクターが0.54〜0.6でかつ、身体側に配置する織物積層体のカバーファクターが0.6〜1.0であることを特徴とする特許請求項1に記載の対破片用防弾チョッキ。 The cover factor calculated by [ Equation 1] of the fabric laminate disposed on the side where the bullet collides is 0.54 to 0.6, and the cover factor of the fabric laminate disposed on the body side is 0.6 to 1. The bulletproof vest for anti-debris according to claim 1, wherein 身体側に配する織物積層体を構成する織物が平織物であることを特徴とする特許請求項
1に記載の対破片用防弾チョッキ。
2. The bulletproof vest for anti-breaking pieces according to claim 1, wherein the fabric constituting the fabric laminate disposed on the body side is a plain fabric.
弾丸が衝突する側に配する織物積層体と、身体側に配置する織物積層体の構成繊度が同一であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3いずれか1項に記載の対破片用防弾チョッキ。 4. The bulletproof vest for anti-fragment pieces according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the woven fabric laminate disposed on the side where the bullet collides and the fabric laminate disposed on the body side have the same fineness. . "
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TWI487821B (en) * 2008-05-26 2015-06-11 Teijin Aramid Gmbh Antiballistic article
TWI487820B (en) * 2008-05-26 2015-06-11 Teijin Aramid Gmbh Penetration-obstructing article
US9243354B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-01-26 Honeywell International Inc. Stab and ballistic resistant articles
CN114034214A (en) * 2021-11-16 2022-02-11 常州科旭纺织有限公司 Bulletproof braided fabric in low-speed shooting state and bulletproof vest applying same

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JP3637585B2 (en) * 1995-06-19 2005-04-13 東洋紡績株式会社 Bulletproof material
JP3698219B2 (en) * 1995-09-07 2005-09-21 東洋紡績株式会社 Protective clothing
TWI227197B (en) * 1998-12-21 2005-02-01 Du Pont Hybrid protective composite
JP2000303232A (en) * 1999-04-26 2000-10-31 Toyobo Co Ltd Lightweight protective clothing
US6475936B1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2002-11-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Knife-stab-resistant ballistic article
SI1241432T1 (en) * 2001-03-15 2006-12-31 Teijin Twaron Gmbh Penetration-resistant material comprising fabric with high linear density ratio of two sets of threads
US6610617B2 (en) * 2001-04-12 2003-08-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ballistic resistant article

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