EP1367194A2 - Flooring panel and method of laying such a panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The floor panel (2), of high density (HDF) or medium density (MDF) fiberboard or oriented strand board (OSB), can have a patterning layer on its upper surface (15), and a lower surface (7) against the ground. The edges are structured so that at least two panels can be locked together in the lateral (Q) and vertical (V) directions. The edges are shaped with positive fit structures (23,24) at one side edge with spaced vertical walls (21,22), displaced laterally and vertically to lock neighboring panels in the vertical direction. At the other side, a step (20) is cut out from the under side, with an inner (21) and an outer (22) wall to shape the positive fit structures. At the opposite edge, a projecting step (200) is cut out with an inner (210) and an outer (220) wall, in a matching shape to the positive fit structures.

Description

The invention relates to a floor panel according to the preamble of the claim 1, claim 33 and claim 52 and method for laying several floor panels.

From WO 01/75247 A1 a floor panel is known, which at a first Side edge Connecting means for locking in the transverse and vertical direction having. These locking means are arranged on the longitudinal side of the panel and cause the lock by inserting and swinging the Connecting means in a corresponding recess of a second panel he follows. The transverse side of the panel has two snap-in hooks which correspond to one another Undercuts of an adjacent panel when laying engage and hinder the vertical movement between the laid panels should. The two snap hooks lie in vertical direction with each other.

The disadvantage of such a profile is the fact that such a profile design no secure locking of the panels with each other guaranteed, as the pressed-in with each other snapping hook pressed in the laying movement be and in a resilient surface, such as carpet, at a strong occurrence the transverse side pops out of the lock. This is also due to the fact that provided with the Einschnapphaken Panel slightly angled relative to the corresponding panel when it appears, so that the panel is virtually unscrewed.

The object of the present invention is to provide a panel with which a simple installation is possible and that a secure locking both in Transverse direction as well as in the vertical direction is ensured.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a floor panel with the features of claim 1, by a panel having the features of claims 33 and 41 and by a panel having the features of claim 52. The Method for laying such a profile allows a quick and easy Laying, ensuring the durable latching of the panels to each other becomes.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are in the dependent Claims listed.

By the spacing of form-fitting elements in the transverse and vertical directions be two spatially separated locking points on the second side edge, especially the transverse side, created, creating a safer Locking of laid and laid panels is guaranteed. The arrangement of the positive locking elements on two different walls increases the stability of the entire compound and prevented by sliding over each other a plurality of mutually arranged positive locking elements a deformation the positive locking elements and ensures the effectiveness of the lock.

The second side edge, in one embodiment of the invention, one of Bottom outgoing, step-shaped cutout with an inner wall and an outer wall. On these walls are each a in Transversely extending form-fitting element formed, preferably milled, the one in corresponding undercuts one from the top outgoing, stepped cut-out of the second panel to be joined intervention. The outgoing from the top, stepped cutout points also an inner and an outer wall on which the corresponding Undercuts are formed so that it becomes a positive fit Lock can come in the vertical direction on the second side edge.

The outgoing from the bottom, step-shaped cutout has an in Direction of the bottom protruding paragraph, which is a substantially horizontally oriented head face, this paragraph being a transverse, perpendicular to the second side edge provides effective locking. The substantially horizontally oriented head surface is used for adjustment the minimum height offset and provides a relatively large contact surface for the introduction of vertically acting forces.

A further development provides that in the top surface of the paragraph in a longitudinal extension the second side edge aligned groove is incorporated. Through this groove a dust bag is created in the laying incurred abrasion or uncleanliness can be included, without that this has a negative effect on the laying accuracy. The groove continues to cause a slight spring effect, so that the lock on the second side edge is under a certain bias.

The walls of the heel are at an acute angle to the head face aligned, which allows either easy insertion into a corresponding recess the corresponding cutout of the second panel or at Forming an undercut to the top surface an additional locking effect entails.

It has been found that a transverse extension of the top surface in one Range of 2mm to 6mm very good durability and a very good locking effect preferably, the top surface is 0.25 to 0.4 times the total transverse extent of the step-shaped cut-out.

A special effective and easy locking on the second side edge is given when a positive locking element on the trailing edge of Top protrudes horizontally. It may be appropriate that between the top and the excellent positive locking element a recess is arranged, which undercuts the end edge of the panel, if necessary absorb existing debris or deforming material of the panel, so that the most accurate installation possible with minimal gap width is because no abraded or deformed material exerts a barrier effect.

The side edge of the panel opposite the second side edge has an outgoing from the top, step-shaped cutout with a in the direction on the top protruding paragraph. This paragraph also points a substantially horizontally oriented head surface, wherein in the lower Section of paragraph outer wall an undercut is formed with the corresponding positive locking element of the inner wall of the male Side edge corresponds. The arrangement of the recess in the lower The outside wall area increases the effectiveness of the lock.

A further development provides that between the Absatzinnenwandung and the inner wall of the cutout is formed a horizontal base surface, is formed in such a way that with laid panels the head surface on the Base surface rests and the tops of the panels lie in a plane, which means that there is a minimum or no height offset between the panels is present. Through the interaction of horizontal base surfaces and top surfaces is a particularly accurate assignment and adjustment of the vertical offset possible, Also, the Abwinkelneigung adjacent panels is reduced, which is the Increased strength of the lock.

The paragraph inner wall of the outgoing from the top of cutout runs parallel or at a shallower angle than the corresponding heel inside of the intervening paragraph to either to cause a precise installation or a component of movement for the two Provide panels in the transverse direction to each other.

Due to the formation of an undercut through the Absatzinnenwandung too the head surface of the corresponding paragraph becomes an additional locking effect achieved.

To bring about a particularly simple installation, the above is projecting Heel of the cutout emanating from the top not over the entire Length of the second side edge is formed, but is in particular at an end portion of the second side edge, which is toward the one with a spring provided first side edge is milled down to the base surface or not trained. By the removal or non-education of the protruding Paragraph will be the pivoting about the axis parallel to the first Side edge facilitates, so that a blocking effect by the positive locking elements takes place only when those at the second and those opposite Side edge of adjacent panels at an acute angle lie to each other. This means that only a short distance in vertical direction must be returned to the panels on the second and this opposite Fully lock side edge.

In a further development of the invention it is provided that on the first side edge an extending in the longitudinal direction of the side edge spring and on the opposite side edge corresponding to the spring recess is formed, wherein the spring is designed such that a lock by inserting into the recess of the second panels and swinging about an axis parallel to the first side edge. Training the connecting elements on the first side edge as a so-called Swivel profile allows easy and safe installation and effective Locking in vertical and transverse direction. By abandoning one elastic deformation during installation by pivoting remains the material structure get the panels and a good strength of the connection is guaranteed. Overall, a lock on such Einschwenkprofil be made more stable at the same effort during installation.

The formation of the recess as a groove with an upper lip and a lower lip ensures that a secure assignment of the panels to be laid to each other, so that a minimum height offset of the panels can be achieved can, what is a quality feature in floor panels. The spring is in Transverse lockable in the groove, the lower front portion of the spring rounded is formed to a slight pivoting in the corresponding, to allow trained groove.

The spring is rounded at the bottom to allow easy swiveling in the To enable groove.

In a further development of the invention, it is provided that the underside of the Spring has a continuous curved contour, wherein the radius of curvature the contour of the underside of the spring over at least 90 ° substantially constant remains, allowing a smooth pivoting movement and a simple Sliding on the corresponding recess can be done.

By providing corresponding form-fitting elements on a front shoulder and an adjoining an undercut and a support area Wall is achieved that additional locking in vertical direction is effected when these positive locking elements in the assembled state mesh. Through a second locking point in vertical Direction, it will allow an effective connection already by the Insert and swivel around a first side edge successfully completed can be. The spring and the groove itself do not require such a training, that there is a bias between the panels so that the profile less load during laying. This will additionally achieve that the laying process is simplified as such.

In a further development, it is provided that the positive-locking element on the Wall a projection and at the front of the paragraph a corresponding Recess is created by a corresponding cutout.

For locking in the vertical direction on the first side edge, it is provided that an upper side of the spring rests in the mounted state on an underside of the upper lip in order to effect a further positive locking.
The parallel formation of the underside of the spring and the top of the lower lip to the top of the panels allows a large surface of a panel on the other panels, so that a low surface pressure in the tongue and groove connection prevails and a very low height offset of the panels to each other can be realized.

The formation of the recess as a groove with an upper lip and a lower lip ensures that a secure assignment of the panels to be laid to each other, so that a minimum height offset of the panels can be achieved can, what is a quality feature in floor panels. The spring is in Transverse direction latched in the recess, wherein the spring and the recess have a wedge-shaped contour in cross section to facilitate insertion to allow and to achieve a good self-centering of the spring in the groove.

For any existing abrasion when laying the first side edges can arise, without this presses the panels apart, are the spring and the recess formed such that mounted in the Condition between the front of the spring and the upper lip adjoining region of the recess there is a gap in which the Abrasion can collect and the movement space of the two panels on each other serves. The gap tapers towards the front heel of the lower lip, a smooth transition between the areas of full-surface plant and to create space for moving and accumulating abrasion. Perhaps Existing abrasion can also be absorbed in a free space, the formed between the spring and the top of the panels by an undercut is.

The distal end of the spring is formed vertically and serves as the conclusion of first side edge. Corresponding to the groove bottom is also vertical formed to the top, so that a good allocation of the panels in the transverse direction can be done.

To achieve a transversely effective locking of two panels is in the rear region of the spring, a substantially flat surface at an angle to the horizontal, preferably 45 °. This surface interacts with a corresponding projection in the groove of the adjacent panels and causes a locking in the transverse direction, so that sliding out vertically is effectively prevented to the first side edge.

To further increase the contact surface, a support area closes on the spring for supporting on a groove of the second panels final Heel, which increases the effective contact surface and a uniform force distribution allows. The support area is essentially horizontal, however, can cause horizontal movement under vertical load have a slight inclination to the horizontal.

For any existing abrasion when laying the first side edges can arise, without this having a gap between the panels produced, between the spring and the top of the panels is an undercut provided, which forms a cavity in the installed state, in which can collect abrasion.

In an alternative solution, the floor panel is in the horizontal plane of a top provided with a decorative layer or the like and one for Edition limited to an underbody provided bottom and with means provided for releasably connecting at least two panels, wherein at least a first side edge extending in the longitudinal direction of the side edge Spring and at the opposite side edge one to the spring is formed corresponding recess, wherein the spring is formed is that a lock by inserting into the recess of the second panels and pivoting about an axis parallel to the first side edge and causes locking in the transverse and vertical directions. The recess is designed as a groove with an upper lip and a lower lip, in which the spring is latched in the transverse direction, the lower front area The spring is rounded and extends to the rounded front area the spring is a flattened, substantially horizontally extending support area followed. This results in a precise and large contact surface achieved, resulting in a stable circulation due to the increased effective Support surface and a reduced bending tendency of adjacent panels leads. The support area ensures a large-area support and thus a precise Mapping the two adjacent panels and is at the bottom of the spring arranged.

By providing corresponding form-fitting elements on a front shoulder and an adjoining an undercut and a support area Wall is achieved that additional locking in vertical direction is effected when these positive locking elements in the assembled state mesh. Through a second locking point in vertical Direction, it will allow an effective connection already by the Insert and swivel around a first side edge successfully completed can be. The spring and the groove itself do not require such a training, that there is a bias between the panels so that the profile less load during laying. This will additionally achieve that the laying process is simplified as such.

In a further development, it is provided that the positive-locking element on the Wall a projection and at the front of the paragraph a corresponding Recess is created by a corresponding cutout.

For locking in the vertical direction at the first side edge, it is provided that an upper side of the spring in the assembled state at an underside of the Upper lip rests to effect a further positive locking.

To further increase the contact surface, a support area closes on the spring for supporting on a groove of the second panels final Heel, which increases the effective contact surface and a uniform force distribution allows. The support area is essentially horizontal, however, can cause horizontal movement under vertical load have a slight inclination to the horizontal.

For any existing abrasion when laying the first side edges can arise, without this having a gap between the panels produced, between the spring and the top of the panels is an undercut provided, which forms a cavity in the installed state, in which can collect abrasion.

Advantageously, the first side edge on the longitudinal side and the second side edge formed on the transverse side of the panel, so that the Einschwenkbewegung takes place over the long side. This will ensure that a large locking length thanks to the safe and stable pivoting lock is achieved. Alternatively, it is provided that the spring and corresponding on the opposite side surface, the groove formed on the transverse side is and a positive locking on the insertion in one of the Longitudinal introduced cutout takes place.

Another alternative is a floor panel that is in horizontal Level of a provided with a decorative layer or the like top and an underside provided for support on an underbody is provided with means for releasably connecting at least two panels is. At least one first side edge of a first panel is in Lengthwise of the side edge extending spring and on the opposite Side edge formed a recess corresponding to the spring, wherein the spring is designed so that a lock by inserting into the Recess of the second panel and swinging about an axis parallel to the first side edge takes place and a locking in the transverse direction and vertical direction causes. The parallel formation of the underside of the spring and the Top of the lower lip to the top of the panels allows a large area Edition of one panels on the other panels, leaving a low surface pressure in the tongue and groove connection prevails and a very low height offset the panels can be realized to each other.

For locking in the vertical direction at the first side edge, it is provided that an upper side of the spring in the assembled state at an underside of the Upper lip rests to effect a further positive locking.

The formation of the recess as a groove with an upper lip and a lower lip ensures that a secure assignment of the panels to be laid to each other, so that a minimum height offset of the panels can be achieved can, what is a quality feature in floor panels. The spring is in Transverse direction latched in the recess, wherein the spring and the recess have a wedge-shaped contour in cross section to facilitate insertion to allow and to achieve a good self-centering of the spring in the groove.

For any existing abrasion when laying the first side edges can arise, without this presses the panels apart, are the spring and the recess formed such that mounted in the Condition between the front of the spring and the upper lip adjoining region of the recess there is a gap in which the Abrasion can collect and the movement space of the two panels on each other serves. The gap tapers towards the front heel of the lower lip, a smooth transition between the areas of full-surface plant and to create space for moving and accumulating abrasion. Perhaps Existing abrasion can also be absorbed in a free space, the formed between the spring and the top of the panels by an undercut is.

The distal end of the spring is formed vertically and serves as the conclusion of first side edge. Corresponding to the groove bottom is also vertical formed to the top, so that a good allocation of the panels in the transverse direction can be done.

To achieve a transversely effective locking of two panels is in the rear region of the spring, a substantially flat surface at an angle to the horizontal, preferably 45 °. This surface interacts with a corresponding projection in the groove of the adjacent panels and causes a locking in the transverse direction, so that sliding out vertically is effectively prevented to the first side edge.

To further increase the contact surface, a support area closes on the spring for supporting on a groove of the second panels final Heel, which increases the effective contact surface and a uniform force distribution allows. The support area is essentially horizontal, however, can cause horizontal movement under vertical load have a slight inclination to the horizontal.

For absorbing abrasion caused by laying the first side edges can, so that this creates no gap between the panels is between the spring and the top of the panels provided an undercut, the in the installed state forms a cavity in which collect the abrasion can.

Advantageously, the second side edge in both described alternatives to the first side edge as already described above, so that a combination of the correspondingly formed first and second side edges realizes the respective advantages. To avoid repetition, will referred to the above remarks, the described variants of the first and second side edges can be combined.

In a further variant of the invention, it is provided that the floor panel, in the horizontal plane of one with a decorative layer or the like provided top and one provided for resting on a subfloor Bottom is limited, with means for detachable joining at least two panels is provided. At least a first side edge of a first Panel is a spring extending in the longitudinal direction of the side edge and on the opposite side edge of a recess corresponding to the spring formed, wherein the recess of an upper lip and a lower lip and the lower lip is a paragraph with a paragraph top and a front of sales forms, with a corresponding undercut the spring blocks the installed panels in the transverse direction. At the second Side edge that extends at an angle to the first side edge is at least a spring and at the opposite side edge at least one groove formed with a first lip and a second lip, wherein on the spring and at least on one of the lips at least one parallel to the top extending Recess is arranged. The recesses are like each other arranged that they with one another correctly connected panels one Form channel for receiving a separate locking element. Through this Embodiment, it is possible, a conventional spring / groove design for locking to use in the vertical direction, as they have for decades in floor panels used, which are glued together. The lock in the vertical direction is effected by the insertion of the locking element, whereby a stress-free and thus easy assembly of the second and the opposite side edge of a panel takes place. Also will The profile is not damaged and the production of the profile is simple and inexpensive.

Preferably, the recesses are congruent to one another, so that a symmetrical Locking element can be used, which is also inexpensive can be produced. In particular, it is advantageous if the of the recesses formed channel is cylindrical, thereby the complete symmetry of the channel the insertion of the locking element particularly easy accomplished can be. Alternatively, triangular or quadrangular, polygonal X or V-shaped trained channels provided and suitable. If the channel in cross section is not round, arises after the insertion of the locking element a gearing effect, so that the transferable forces in the junction are increased.

To accomplish a secure locking of the entire panels it is provided that the channel extends over the entire length of the tongue and groove, whereby the force-transmitting surface is increased. The channel is preferably below and parallel to the butt joint of the panels to allow for possible forces close to the butt joint of the panels record or initiate.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the floor panel at least partially made of a HDF or MDF material. alternative In addition, the entire floor panel can be made of OSB material be. By using an OSB material, a natural wood look, as well as reaching a structured surface. Likewise, the top can of the panel have no decorative layer, but of a wood material be prepared. The structure of the wood material can make a decorative layer unnecessary make, so that as a top example also a layer of wood, wood fibers or wood chips can be applied. Also, the panel can be completely or partially formed of a plastic, preferably the area of the connecting means with spring and recess (groove) of a Plastic is made.

The embodiment with a separate locking element on the second Side edge can with the configurations of the first side edge as above be combined described.

A method for laying a floor panel provides that first a plurality of panels at their second side edges for laying out a first row on the floor of a room connected and locked. Subsequently will be another panel with its first side edge at least a panel laid out in the row as the beginning of a second row by inserting and pouring the spring into the corresponding groove and locked. A new panel is immediately abutting with its second side edge at the second side edge of the previously designed further panel arranged in the second row opposite side edge, wherein the spring inserted in the groove and the new panel at an angle to the first row laid out panels.

Subsequently, the new panel is about an axis parallel to the first side edge pivoted in the direction of the floor until the interlocking elements of second side edge of the new panel at the corresponding cutout rest of the other panel. Finally, the new panel is pressed down, until a positive locking over the entire length of the second Side edge has taken place. A further training provides that the depressing preferably pulse-like, in particular by means of one or more Hammer blows or a handball assembly takes place.

An alternative method of laying provides that placing the new panel at a distance between the second side edge and the second one Side edge of a previously designed another panel opposite side edge takes place, wherein the spring is not inserted into the groove. The new panel is angled to the first row of laid out panels. Anschießend is the new panel around an axis parallel to the first side edge in the direction of Floor pivoted and moved along the first side edge until the Spring in the groove added to form a butt joint and a channel is. Subsequently, a locking element is inserted into the channel and causes a locking in the transverse direction along the first side edge.

In one embodiment of the profile of the second side edge and the opposite of this Side edge such that the tongue and groove lock effected in the transverse direction, the placing of a new panel takes place with the second side edge directly adjoining the corresponding side edge the previously designed further panel, wherein the spring inserted into the groove is and the new panel is angled to the first panel laid out. Subsequently, the new panel is about an axis parallel to the first side edge pivoted towards the floor until the spring in the groove under formation a butt joint and a channel is added. Subsequently, a locking element inserted into the channel to lock the panels and to prevent a swiveling in the horizontal direction.

The method of unlocking a floor panel without separate locking means provides that first, a number of panels, attached to the second and corresponding opposite side edges are connected to the axis parallel to the first side edge, that is preferably parallel to the Long sides is pivoted. By pivoting takes place an unlocking held on this side edge and the panels can be removed from the groove of the still laid Row panels are removed. The removed row of panels is still at the second and opposite side edges, preferably Transverse sides, connected to each other. To separate the panels, a panel is made the row pivoted about an axis parallel to the second side edge. When the row lies on the ground, the locked end is raised, so that reduces the angle between the undersides of the panels and a relocating the locking point takes place away from the ground. The positive locking elements the panel are thus disengaged from the positive locking elements of the corresponding Cutout of the other panel brought without the interlocking elements be destroyed, and the isolated panel can be removed become.

Figur 1 -

eine Querschnittsansicht eines Fussbodenpaneels mit einer ersten Seitenkante;

Figur 2 -

zwei miteinander verbundene Paneele an der Verbindungsstelle im Teilquerschnitt;

Figur 3 -

ein Fussbodenpaneel in Querschnittsansicht mit einer zweiten Seitenkante;

Figur 4 -

zwei miteinander verbundene Paneele an einer zweiten Verbindungsstelle im Teilquerschnitt;

Figur 4a -

eine Variante zu Figur 4;

Figur 5 -

eine alternative Ausgestaltung der zweiten und korrespondierenden, gegenüberliegenden Seitenkante im Teilquerschnitt;

Figuren 6 bis 13 -

Varianten der Ausgestaltung der Nut und Feder sowie eingeschobener Verriegelungselemente;

Figuren 14 bis 16 -

Varianten des Profils an der ersten Seitenkante im Querschnitt; sowie

Figuren 17 bis 19 -

Querschnittsansichten eines Paneels mit einer alternativen Profilgestaltung.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in different figures indicate like objects. Show it:

FIG. 1 -

a cross-sectional view of a floor panel having a first side edge;

FIG. 2 -

two interconnected panels at the junction in the partial cross section;

FIG. 3 -

a floor panel in cross-sectional view with a second side edge;

FIG. 4 -

two interconnected panels at a second connection point in the partial cross section;

FIG. 4a -

a variant of Figure 4;

FIG. 5 -

an alternative embodiment of the second and corresponding, opposite side edge in the partial cross section;

FIGS. 6 to 13 -

Variants of the configuration of the tongue and groove and inserted locking elements;

FIGS. 14 to 16 -

Variants of the profile at the first side edge in cross section; such as

FIGS. 17 to 19 -

Cross-sectional views of a panel with an alternative profile design.

Figure 1 shows a floor panel 1, which consists of a medium density or high density Fiber board (MDF or HDF) exists. At its top 15 is the Floor panel 1 provided with a decorative layer 16, for example, by a wood grain having paper layer may be formed with a coated as a wear protection synthetic resin layer is coated. On the bottom 7 may be a Schalldämmlage 8 glued to the footfall sound properties to improve the laid floor panels. Alternative to the use an HDF or MDF board, the panel 1 of an OSB material (oriented strands board) are made. At a first side edge, preferably on the longitudinal side of the panel 1, the panel 1 is provided with a spring 10 and provided on the opposite side with a groove 3. The groove 3 and the Spring 10 run the full length of the side edge. On the spring 10 is a outwardly projecting, rounded nose provided in a rounded Front area 11 passes. At this front area 11 closes at the bottom the spring 10 a flattened in the installed state substantially horizontal extending support portion 12, over which the panel 1 on a corresponding surface of the groove 3 of a second panel 2, as shown in Figure 2, supported.

At the support area 12, an inclined surface 13 connects, which with a corresponding projection 5 of the corresponding groove 3 of the second panel 2 causes a lock in the transverse direction Q. When assembled, the Spring 10 into an undercut formed by an upper lip 4 of the groove 3, so that along the first side edge also has a locking in the vertical direction Tracked. The projection 5 is closed by a groove 3 final paragraph 9 formed, formed on its upper side a horizontally extending surface is. This surface serves as a support for a support area 14, the adjoins the inclined surface 13 on the groove 10. By the Support area 12 and the support area 14 is a relatively large Support surface provided on the two panels 1, 2 in the connected state lie on one another. The beveled surface 13, in conjunction with the projection 5, in a force component acting from above a movement component in the transverse direction towards each other, so that in the locked state in a force component acting from above, the gap between the both panels 1, 2 is reduced.

The paragraph 9 is designed so that in the transverse direction Q no contact between a vertical surface of the heel and an opposite, also vertically extending surface of the first side edge exists. It lies So a free space 30 before, so that here no unwanted blocking effect and thus there is no gap between the two panels 1, 2 at the top 15 can.

Between the spring 10 and the top 15 of the panel 1 is an undercut 17 formed, which forms a free space 18 in the assembled state, in which Abrasion or not removed chips from the manufacturing process added can be. Also, a corresponding training of the rounded Front portion 11 provided so that at the top of the spring 10 mounted in the Condition also a free space 19 is formed, which act as a dust bag can.

The laying and locking of two panels 1, 2 takes place with such a profile picture, in which the first panel 1 with the spring 10 at an angle to the second panel 2 is set and the spring 10 is inserted into the groove 3 of the second panel 2 becomes. Subsequently, the angled first panel 1 becomes parallel about an axis pivoted to the longitudinal direction of the first side edge, in this case in the clockwise direction, so that the rounded front region 11 slides along in the groove 3, until the support area 12 on the corresponding surface of the groove 3 plan rests. In this state, as shown in Figure 2, is through the undercut the upper lip 4 and the projection 5 of the paragraph 9 an effective lock achieved in the vertical direction V and transverse direction Q.

To lock not only on two opposite side edges of a panel with another panel is on a second side edge, at an angle, preferably a right angle to the first Side edge extends, a profile formed, which is shown in the figure 3. Here too, corresponding profiles are on opposite side edges formed, the interaction of which is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 3 shows such a profile at a second side edge in cross section, wherein this is preferably formed on the transverse side of the panel. Of the Base 7 starting is a stepped cutout 20 in the panel second incorporated, which forms an inner wall 21 and an outer wall 22. Both on the inner wall 21 and on the outer wall 22nd Form-fitting elements 23, 24 are formed, milled out here, in the form of Projections in corresponding undercuts 230, 240 of a corresponding Recess 200 of a second panel 1 engage. In the cutout 20 is a shoulder 25 is formed, which protrudes toward the bottom 7, wherein the paragraph outer wall is formed by the outer wall 22 and the Absatzinnenwandung 27 in the illustrated embodiment a forms upwardly extending cross-section. The bottom of the heel 25 forms a top surface 26 which is parallel to the top 15 of the panel 2 and on which the panel 2 in the assembled state via a corresponding Base surface 280 of a corresponding recess 200 of a second Panel 1 is supported.

As an alternative to the illustrated embodiment, it is provided that the inner surface 27 is substantially parallel to the outer wall 22, so that the paragraph inner wall 27 to the top surface 26 forms an undercut. It is also envisaged that in addition to a substantial straight training the outer wall 22 at an acute angle α to the vertical, the outer wall 22 has a rounded shape or a vertical course. there It is necessary that the positive-locking element 24 via the end edge 28 of the top 15 protrudes to a positive locking with the second panel 1 perform.

Above the positive-locking element 24, a recess 29 is formed, which acts as a dust bag.

If the paragraph inner wall 27 as an undercut to the top surface 26 is provided, an additional locking in the vertical direction is provided, in particular if the corresponding paragraph inner wall 270 of the upwardly directed paragraph 250 also formed as an undercut is. A positive locking then takes place by a slight bending or an elastic deformation of the profiles instead, so that the positive-locking elements 23, 24 and the undercut through the Absatzinnenwandung 27 with the corresponding undercuts 230, 240 and the undercut through the Absatzinnenwandung 270 effectively engage can.

The outgoing from the top 15 cutout 200 is formed in such a way that they can take the opposite profile, so that the head surface 26 on the one hand rests completely flat on the base surface 280, on the other hand, the Surface 15 of the two panels 1, 2 in the assembled state, as shown in the Figure 4 is shown, complete in a plane and as flush as possible lie. Through the recess 29 above the positive-locking element 24th a space 290 is created, which serves as a dust bag, the same applies to the free space 300, by an appropriate positioning of the inner wall 210 of the cutout 200 is formed.

As can be clearly seen in Figure 4, an effective lock is in both Given transverse direction Q and in the vertical direction V, wherein the lock in Transverse direction positively by the paragraphs 25, 250 is realized. A lock in the vertical direction V is effected by the locking elements 23, 24, the form-fitting engage in the undercuts 230, 240, wherein the Positive locking elements 23, 24 at spaced walls 21, 22nd are arranged. In addition, the positive-locking elements 23, 24 on different Vertical levels arranged so that an upper locking point and forms a lower lock point. The upper locking point is formed by the interlocking element 24 and the undercut 240, the lower locking point through the positive locking element 23 and the undercut 230 formed.

The upwardly directed shoulder 250 is not the entire length of the second Side edge is formed, but is over an area down to the base surface 280 milled, with this cutout towards the first side edge with a spring 10 is located. Through this cut-out or non-training of the paragraph 250 can continue laying the initially angled panel on be lowered down before, by a pulse-like assembly movement downwards a final locking over the second side edge, preferably the transverse side, takes place.

Between the top surface 260 of the heel 250 and the corresponding surface the cutout 20 is in the assembled state, a free space available, which is necessary is, so that the positive locking element 23 engage behind the undercut 230 can. Also, this space serves as a dust bag.

In addition to the formation of a panel with a groove 3 on one side edge, the an upper lip 4 and a lower lip 6, can by a corresponding Profile design also be waived on a lower lip 6, if to others A way locking in the transverse direction Q and vertical direction V ensured is. This locking is done so that no movement in the direction the double arrows in the locked state is possible.

Due to the profile presented and the method of laying described, it is possible Easy and quick to lay panels. The profile also has the advantage that on the particular embodiment of the spring 10 and the groove 3 on the one hand easy pivoting and locking, on the other hand a stable support and thus the possibility of a precise setting of the height offset given is. Also, a secure locking of the first side edges in the vertical direction V and transverse direction Q given and this profile can be particularly mill well in OSB panels.

The profile design on the second side edge allows a special durable positive lock on the second side edges, preferably the transverse sides of the panels, without requiring expensive additional equipment or special Skills in the assembly would be necessary. In addition to the staggered arranged Positive locking elements prevents the large bearing surface a Verwinkelung and thereby easy opening of the lock on the second side edge. In addition, due to the positive locking, in which a characteristic noise arises, the user of the panels indicated that An effective locking has taken place.

The profile of Figure 4a corresponds substantially to that of Figure 2, through the an effective locking in both the transverse direction Q and in the vertical direction V is given. In the figure 4a is also good to see that in the Top surface 26 of paragraph 25 a groove 26 'is worked out, the extends over the entire length of the side edge. The groove 26 'serves as Dust bag as well as material weakening, so that a certain spring effect at the locking of the two panels 1, 2 is present.

The profile design of Figures 5 to 13 on the second side edge allows a particularly durable positive lock on the second and this opposite side edge, preferably the transverse sides of the panels, without expensive additional equipment or special skills would be necessary during assembly. In addition to the staggered form-locking elements prevents the large contact surface a Verwinkelung and thereby a slight opening of the latch on the third side edge. About that In addition, by the positive locking, in which a characteristic Noise arises, the user of the panels indicated that an effective locking took place.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the second and opposite side edge the panels 1, 2, wherein both panels each having a spring 51, 52nd and a groove 61, 62 are formed. The springs 51, 52 and the grooves 61, 62 are arranged offset in height to each other such that the springs 51, 52 can engage in the corresponding grooves 62, 61 so as to lock in the transverse direction Q to effect. The panels are used to realize a corresponding latch initially locked to the first side edges and then shifted in the transverse direction Q to each other until the end position shown is achieved to form a minimum butt joint 73.

The joints 61, 62 are each by a first lip 63, 64 and a second lip 65, 66 formed, wherein in the first panel 1, the second lip 65 on the first Lip 63 protrudes in the transverse direction Q. This is the case with the second panel 2 conversely, the first lip 64 projects beyond the second lip 66 in the transverse direction Q. out, with the respective protruding lips 64, 65 in the bottom or Pass over the upper side of the springs 52, 51.

In the illustrated embodiment is in the lower, second lip 65 of the first panel and the upper, first lip 64 of the second panel each have a corresponding, groove-shaped, in cross-section semicircular recess 71, 72 milled, which form a channel 75 in the illustrated, assembled state. In this channel 75 is a separate locking element 80, preferably made Plastic, pushed in, leaving a positive locking in the transverse direction Q is effected. By an elastic configuration of the locking element 80 and a slight over-dimensioning can be achieved that the panels 1, 2 are braced to each other, so that the butt joint 73rd always minimally small can be kept. This will create a bias between the panels 1, 2 after laying by the insertion of the locking element 80 causes what a secure assignment of the panels 1, 2 to each other as well as a minimal surface offset. Also will the butt joint 73 is kept closed, leaving no dirt or moisture can penetrate and softens the core of the panels 1, 2.

The recesses 71, 72 are arranged so that the channel 75 and the locking element 80 runs parallel and below the butt joint 73, whereby on the one hand an optimal manufacturing possibility due to the almost symmetrical Training is given as a cutout only partially within the corresponding grooves 61, 62 must be made, on the other hand is still sufficient Material for receiving corresponding forces in the panel material available.

FIG. 6 shows a variant of the profile design on the second and opposite sides Side edge of the panels 1, 2, wherein on the first panel. 1 a spring 51 and on the second panel a groove 62 along the respective side edges is trained. Both in the top of the spring 51 and in the first lip 64 of the groove 62 are milled in cross-section semicircular recesses, when joining the two panels 1, 2 a cylindrical channel 75 result. In this channel 75, a cut to the appropriate length, plastic extruded tube as locking element 80 are inserted, so that on the locking element 80, a lock takes place in the transverse direction Q. The groove 62 and spring 51 lock the panels 1, 2 in the vertical direction.

In the figure 7 a variant of Figure 6 is shown, in which the corresponding Recesses 71, 72 at the bottom of the spring 51 and the second lip 66 of the groove 62 are formed. The recesses 71, 72 are corresponding formed to each other, so that a hexagonal locking element 80th is formed in the correspondingly formed channel 75. The channel 75 is in 9, the corresponding embodiment of the recesses 71, 72 and the groove 62 and the spring 51 according to FIG. 6 are shown in FIG. 8 shown.

The laying of the panels 1, 2 with a profile design according to the figures 5 to 9 at the second and opposite side edges, by first at the first side edge of a panel in one of these opposite Side edge is inserted and pivoted until the second and this opposite side edges to be joined panels in a plane lie. Subsequently, the panels along the first side edge to each other shifted until the panels abut each other and a minimal butt joint 73 form. At the same time through the recesses 71, 72 a channel 75th formed, in which a correspondingly shaped locking element 80 is inserted becomes. In this way, an effective locking in the vertical direction and in the transverse direction Q causes.

After removal of the locking element 80 can without destroying the profiles a disassembly of the panels are made, leaving any number at laying operations can be performed. Such a design The lock is particularly suitable for elements of exhibition construction.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show further embodiments of the recesses 71, 72, which are also laid using the method described above can. In Figure 12, the channel 75 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, wherein the upper recess 72 is the cross section of an isosceles trapezium and the lower recess 71 in the spring 51 has a triangular shape Has. The locking element 80 is V-shaped and can by a resilient bias a corresponding force component in the transverse direction Effect Q, so that the panels 1, 2 are moved towards each other.

In the figure 13 are each two in cross-section triangular cutouts 71, 72nd milled into the spring 51 and groove 62, and the locking member 80 has an X-shaped cross-section. By inserting the locking elements 80 as shown in FIGS 12 and 13, the legs are compressed and In addition, the butt joint 72 keep close together and thus close to each other Dirt and moisture. To facilitate insertion, the locking elements 80 formed tapered at their ends.

In FIGS. 10 and 11, the groove 62 and the spring 51 are designed in such a way that that a lock when meshing of groove 62 and spring 51 in Transverse Q occurs. At the vertical edges of the groove 62 and spring 51 are milled corresponding recesses into which a locking element 80th can be inserted. In the figure 10, these recesses are shaped designed such that a rectangular locking element 80 is inserted.

FIG. 11 shows a variant of FIG. 10, in which the channel 75 in FIG Circular shape is formed. By such a configuration of the second and this opposite side edge of the panels 1, 2 takes place an effective locking in the transverse direction Q already by the insertion of the spring 51 in the groove 62. The illustrated geometry provides a very high bearing surface, so that forces can be well absorbed and diverted. Also are the recesses 71, 72 relatively easy to manufacture, in particular to mill, and both sides require only one tool. Continue with appropriate design of the locking elements 80 built a pressure, the panels 1, 2 moves towards each other and braced. The safe Locking in vertical direction V is also guaranteed.

The locking elements 80 and the grooves and springs may also differ Have geometries, wherein by the locking element or the Locking elements that component of movement is eliminated, not is blocked by the spring-groove connection. Advantageously, the locking element causes a tension of the panels to each other, so that the butt joint is minimized. The channel for inserting the locking element can thereby extend over the entire joint width or groove width, only corresponding Positive locking elements must be present in order to lock cause.

FIG. 14 shows a floor panel 1, which consists of a medium density or high density Fiber board (MDF or HDF) exists. At the top 15 is the Floor panel 1 provided with a decorative layer 16, for example, by a wood grain having paper layer may be formed with a coated as a wear protection synthetic resin layer is coated. On the bottom 7, a Schalldämmlage be glued to the footfall sound properties to improve the laid floor panels. Alternative to the use an HDF or MDF board, the panel 1 of an OSB material (oriented beach board) are made, in which case dispensed with a decorative layer 16 can be. At a first side edge, preferably at the longitudinal side of the panel 1, is the panel 1 with a spring 10 and at the opposite Side edge provided with a recess 3.

The recess 3 and the spring 10 extend over the full length of the side edges. On the spring 10 is an outwardly projecting, provided with a tip Nose provided, which merges into a front area, which is an arcuate Has contour. At this front region of the spring 10, an undercut 13 forms, adjoins a support area 14 which at an angle μ to Top 15 of the panels 1 is formed inclined. To the support area 14 joins a substantially vertically oriented wall 111 at.

The undercut 13 causes, as shown in Figure 15, a locking in the transverse direction Q, in which a positive locking with a corresponding Paragraph 9 of the recess 3 is made. In the assembled state attacks the spring 10 in a formed by an upper lip 4 of the recess 3 undercut a, so that the top 120 of the spring 10 at an underside 40 of the Upper lip rests and a lock in the vertical direction along the first and the opposite side edge takes place. Paragraph 9 is on a Lower lip 6 of the recess 3 is formed and completes this, wherein on the Top of the paragraph 9, a sloping shoulder surface 5 is formed, the serves as a support for the support area 14. The conclusion of the panel forms a substantially vertically extending front shoulder 81, which has a Rounding into the top of paragraph 5 passes.

Through the heel top 5 and the support area 14 is a relatively large Support surface provided on the two panels 1, 2 in the connected state lie on one another. The bevel by the angle μ causes at a vertical load a component of movement in the transverse direction Q to each other is generated, so that in the locked state in a top-acting Force component of the gap between the two panels 1, 2 reduced and the original locking by inserting and swinging a first panel can be made in a second panel without a bias.

The paragraph 9 is formed so that at the front shoulder 81 a recess 311 is formed, in which, as shown in Figure 15, a corresponding Projection 300 engages the wall 111 of the first side edge. The recess 311 forms an undercut, so that by a positive Engaging the projection 300 in the recess 311 a lock in Vertical direction V is formed. Above the rounded connection of the Paragraph top 5 to the front sales side 81 is in the assembled state a Free space 180 is formed, which is a certain movement of the panel 1 in the direction on the second panel 2 at a vertical load allows. Likewise Collect 180 chips in this free space. The bottom of the tab 300 is on a corresponding slope of the recess 311, so that a precise angular allocation of the panels 1, 2 is ensured. In addition to the positive locking at the top 120 of the spring 10 is through the Forming the positive-locking elements 300, 311 a second locking point in provided vertical direction, so that increased security against an unwanted Swiveling back of the first panel 1, in this case against the Clockwise, is prevented

Between the spring 10 and the top 15 of the panel 1 is an undercut 17 formed, which extends at a right angle to the top 15 extending Edge connects. The undercut 17 forms in the assembled state a Free space in which abrasion or not removed chips from the manufacturing process can be included. Likewise is a suitable education the round front portion of the spring 10 is provided, so that the spring 10th also forms a gap 19 in the mounted state, as a dust bag and movement space can act.

The laying and locking of two panels 1, 2 takes place with such a profile picture, by the first panel 1 with the spring 10 at an angle to the second panel 2 recognized and inserted the spring 10 in the recess 3 of the second panel 2 becomes. Subsequently, the angled first panel 1 is about an axis pivoted parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first side edge, in this case in Clockwise direction, so that the provided with a round contour front area the spring 10 slides along in the correspondingly shaped recess 3, until the top 120 of the spring 10 at the corresponding bottom 40 of the Upper lip 4 is present. In this state, as shown in FIG the undercut of the upper lip 4 and the paragraph 9 an effective lock achieved in the vertical direction V and in the transverse direction Q.

FIG. 16 shows a floor panel 1 according to a variant in the profile design the first side edge, wherein the panel with a spring 10 and at the opposite Side provided with a correspondingly formed groove 3. The groove 3 and the spring 10 extend over the full length of the side edge. At the spring 10 is an outwardly projecting, rounded nose provided to the the bottom 12 of the spring 10 connects with a rounded contour. The radius of this contour is constant over at least 90 degrees of circumference and thus allows easy insertion of the spring 10 in the groove. 3

In the assembled state, the spring 10 engages in a through the upper lip 4 of the groove 3 formed undercut, so that along the first edge a lock in the vertical direction V takes place. The locking in the transverse direction Q takes place by the form-fitting concern of the bottom 12 of the spring 10 at a paragraph 9, which closes the groove 3. On the top of paragraph 9 is a horizontal extending surface formed as a support for a support area 14 serves.

Figures 17 and 18 show a floor panel 1 with an alternative profile design. Again, the panel 1 with a spring 10 and at the opposite Side edge provided with a recess 3. The recess 3 and the spring 10 extend over the full length of the opposite side edges. On the spring 10 is an outwardly projecting, with a vertical Provided front-facing tip 101, wherein the spring 10 after a has upward sloping, wedge-shaped contour. From the top 101 of the spring 10 extends a horizontal bottom 12, which is followed by an undercut 13, which is formed by an inclined, rectilinear wall 130, the extends at an angle to the top 15 inclined. A on the wall 130 subsequent support region 14 extends parallel to the top 15 of Panel 1, and provides a cheap support surface for receiving vertical forces. The support area 14 is panel side by a slight to the vertical inclined wall 111 limited, wherein the angle is an acute angle.

The undercut 13 causes, as shown in Figure 19, a locking in the transverse direction Q, in which a positive locking with a corresponding Paragraph 9 of the recess 3 is made. In the assembled state attacks the spring 10 in a formed by an upper lip 4 of the recess 3 undercut a, so that a straight, presently inclined upper side 120 of Spring 10 abuts an underside 40 of the upper lip 4 and a lock in vertical direction V along the first and opposite side edge he follows. The paragraph 9 is on a lower lip 6, which is a horizontal top 60, the recess 3 is formed and closes off, wherein on the Top of the paragraph 9 is a horizontal shoulder surface is formed, the serves as a support for the support area 14. The conclusion of the panel forms a sloping paragraph front 81, which has a curve in the Paragraph top passes.

By paragraph top and the support area 14 is a relatively large Support surface provided on the two panels 1, 2 in the connected state lie on one another. The paragraph 9 is designed so that at the front of the sales 81 a recess 311 is formed, in which, as in the figure 19 can be seen, a corresponding projection 300 on the wall 111 of the first Side edge intervenes. The recess 311 forms an undercut, so that by a positive engagement of the projection 300 in the recess 311 a lock in the vertical direction V is effected.

The top of the projection 300 lies on a corresponding slope the recess 311, so that a precise angular assignment of the panels 1, 2 is guaranteed. In addition to the positive locking at the top 120 of the spring 10 is formed by the formation of the positive-locking elements 300, 311 a second locking point provided in the vertical direction, so that a increased security against unintentional swinging back of the first panel 1, in the present counterclockwise, is prevented. The locking effect is due to the rectilinear configuration of the spring top 120, the Bottom 40 of the upper lip 4, the top 60 of the lower lip 6 and the bottom 12 of the spring 10 increases because the rectilinear configuration pivoting complicates and the profile due to the elastic restoring force of the panels is held in position. Furthermore, by the parallel formation of the tip 101 of the spring 10 and the groove bottom 50 of the recess 3 another Establishment effected.

Claims (67)

Floor panel bounded in a horizontal plane by a top (15) provided with a decorative layer (16) or the like and a bottom (7) provided for resting on a subfloor, comprising means for detachably connecting at least two panels (1, 2) is provided, wherein on at least one first side edge, the connecting means are formed such that a locking in the transverse direction (Q) and vertical direction (V), wherein at a second, extending at an angle to the first side edge side locking elements (23, 24) for Latch in the vertical direction (V) are formed with a further panel, characterized in that the interlocking elements (23, 24) on two spaced apart, substantially vertically oriented walls (21, 22) in the transverse direction (Q) and in the vertical direction (V) are formed spaced apart. Floor panel according to claim 1, characterized in that on the second side edge of the bottom (7) outgoing, step-shaped cutout (20) having an inner wall (21) and an outer wall (22) is formed, wherein on the walls (21 , 22) one each in the transverse direction (Q) extending positive locking element (23, 24) is formed, and that at the second side edge opposite side edge of the top (15) outgoing, step-shaped cutout (200) having an inner wall (210 ) and an outer wall (220) is formed, on which with the positive-locking elements (23, 24) corresponding undercuts (230, 240) are formed. Floor panel according to claim 2, characterized in that from the bottom (7) outgoing, step-shaped cutout (20) in the direction of the bottom (7) protruding shoulder (25) forms, having a substantially horizontally oriented head surface (26). Floor panel according to claim 3, characterized in that in the longitudinal extent to the second side edge of a groove (26 ') in the head surface (26) is formed. Floor panel according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the walls (22, 27) of the shoulder (25) are aligned with the top surface (26) at an acute angle (12). Floor panel according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the paragraph inner wall (27) to the top surface (26) forms an undercut. Floor panel according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the head surface (26) has a transverse extent of 2 to 6 mm. Floor panel according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the head surface (26) has 0.25 to 0.4 times the total transverse extent of the stepped cut-out (20). Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a positive locking element (24) of the second side edge on the end edge (28) of the upper side (15) protrudes horizontally. Floor panel according to claim 9, characterized in that between the upper side (15) and the outstanding positive locking element (24) a recess (29) is arranged, which undercuts the end edge (28). Floor panel according to one of Claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the step-shaped cutout (200) starting from the upper side (15) forms a shoulder (250) projecting in the direction of the upper side (15), which has a substantially horizontally oriented head surface (200). 260), wherein in the lower region of the paragraph outer wall (220) an undercut (230) is formed, which corresponds to the positive locking element (23) of the inner wall (21) of the cutout (20) of the opposite side edge. Floor panel according to claim 11, characterized in that between the shoulder inner wall (270) and the inner wall (210) of the cutout (200) a horizontal base surface (280) is formed, which is designed such that when laid panels (1, 2) the top surface (26) rests on the base surface (280) and the tops (15) of the panels (1, 2) lie in one plane. Floor panel according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the paragraph inner wall (270) extends parallel or at a shallower angle than the corresponding paragraph inner wall (27) of the engaging state in the installed paragraph (25). Floor panel according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the paragraph inner wall (270) to the top surface (260) forms an undercut. Floor panel according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the upwardly projecting shoulder (250) is not formed or removed in at least one end region of the second side edge. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the first side edge in the longitudinal direction of the side edge extending spring (10) and on the opposite side edge to the spring (10) corresponding recess (3) is formed, wherein the spring ( 10) is formed so that a locking takes place by insertion into the recess (3) of the second panel (2) and pivoting about an axis parallel to the first side edge. Floor panel according to claim 16, characterized in that the recess as a groove (3) with an upper lip (4) and a lower lip (6) is formed, in which the spring (10) in the transverse direction (Q) can be latched, wherein the lower front portion (11) of the spring (10) is rounded. Floor panel according to claim 16, characterized in that the underside (12) of the spring (10) is rounded. Floor panel according to claim 18, characterized in that from the top of the spring (10) starting the underside (12) of the spring (10) has a continuous curved contour. Floor panel according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the contour of the underside (12) of the spring (10) is formed constant over at least 90 degrees of circumference. Floor panel according to claim 16, characterized in that the recess (3) consists of an upper lip (4) and a lower lip (6) and the lower lip (6) has a shoulder (9) with a shoulder top (5) and a front shoulder (81) formed with a corresponding undercut (13) of the spring (10) blocks the panels (1, 2) in the transverse direction (Q), wherein at the undercut (13) has a recess with a support area corresponding to the paragraph (9) ( 14) and a wall (111) connects, which in the mounted state of the front shoulder (81) opposite this, wherein on the wall (11) and the front shoulder (81) corresponding positive-locking elements (300, 311) are formed, which engage in the assembled state and cause locking in the vertical direction (V). Floor panel according to claim 21, characterized in that on the wall (111) has a projection (300) and on the shoulder front side (81) has a recess (311) is formed. Floor panel according to claim 16, characterized in that the recess as a groove (3) with an upper lip (4) and a lower lip (6) is formed, in which the spring (10) in the transverse direction (Q) can be latched, wherein a bottom ( 100) of the spring (10) and an upper surface (60) of the lower lip (6) parallel to the upper side (15). Floor panel according to claim 23, characterized in that an upper side (120) of the spring (10) rests in the mounted state on a lower side (40) of the upper lip (4). Floor panel according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the spring (10) and the recess (3) have a wedge-shaped contour in cross-section. Floor panel according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the spring (10) and the recess (3) are designed such that in the assembled state between the front region of the spring (10) and the adjoining the upper lip (4) Region of the recess (3) a gap is present. Floor panel according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that the distal end (101) of the spring (10) and the groove bottom (50) is formed perpendicular to the top (15). Floor panel according to any one of claims 16 to 27, characterized in that the rear portion of the spring (10) is formed as a substantially straight surface (13) at an angle to the horizontal, corresponding to a corresponding projection (5) in the Groove (3) causes a locking in the transverse direction (Q). Floor panel according to one of claims 16 to 28, characterized in that adjoining the spring (10) is a bearing area (14) for supporting a groove (3) which terminates the heel (9). Floor panel according to claim 29, characterized in that the support area (14) extends substantially horizontally. Floor panel according to claim 29, characterized in that the support area (14) extends at an angle (μ) to the horizontal. Floor panel according to one of claims 16 to 31, characterized in that the spring (10) is provided with an undercut (17) opposite the top (15). Floor panel bounded in horizontal plane by a top (15) provided with a decorative layer (14) or the like and a bottom (7) provided for resting on a subfloor, comprising means for detachably connecting at least two panels (1, 2) is provided, wherein at least one first side edge extending in the longitudinal direction of the side edge spring (10) and at the opposite side edge to the spring (10) corresponding recess (3) is formed, wherein the spring (10) is formed, a locking by insertion into the recess (3) of the second panel (2) and pivoting about an axis parallel to the first side edge and a locking in the transverse direction (Q) and vertical direction (V) causes, characterized in that the recess as Groove (3) with an upper lip (4) and a lower lip (6) is formed, in which the spring (10) in the transverse direction (Q) can be latched, wherein the lower Vor the region (11) of the spring (10) is rounded and connects to the rounded front portion (11) of the spring (10) is a flattened, substantially horizontally extending support region (12). Floor panel according to claim 33, characterized in that the lower lip (6) forms a shoulder (9) with a shoulder top (5) and a front shoulder (81), which with a corresponding undercut (13) of the spring (10) the panels (1 2) in the transverse direction (Q), wherein the recess (13) is adjoined by a recess with a support region (14) corresponding to the shoulder (9) and a wall (111) which, in the assembled state, is located on the front shoulder (81). this is opposite, wherein on the wall (11) and the front shoulder side (81) corresponding positive-locking elements (300, 311) are formed, which engage in the assembled state and cause a locking in the vertical direction (V). Floor panel according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that on the wall (111) a projection (300) and on the shoulder front side (81) has a recess (311) is formed. Floor panel according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that an upper side (120) of the spring (10) rests in the mounted state on a lower side (40) of the upper lip (4). Floor panel according to one of Claims 33 to 36, characterized in that adjoining the spring (10) is a support area (14) for supporting a shoulder (9) which terminates the groove (3). Floor panel according to one of claims 33 to 37, characterized in that the spring (10) with an undercut (17) opposite the top (15) is provided. Floor panel according to one of claims 33 to 38, characterized in that the spring (10) and the recess (3) have an arcuate contour in cross-section. Floor panel according to one of claims 33 to 39, characterized in that the spring (10) and the recess (3) are designed such that in the assembled state between the front region of the spring (10) and the adjoining the upper lip (4) Region of the recess (3), a gap (19) is present, which tapers in the direction of the shoulder (9). Floor panel bounded in horizontal plane by a top (15) provided with a decorative layer (14) or the like and a bottom (7) provided for resting on a subfloor, comprising means for detachably connecting at least two panels (1, 2) is provided, wherein at least one first side edge extending in the longitudinal direction of the side edge spring (10) and at the opposite side edge to the spring (10) corresponding recess (3) is formed, wherein the spring (10) is formed, a locking by insertion into the recess (3) of the second panel (2) and pivoting about an axis parallel to the first side edge and a locking in the transverse direction (Q) and vertical direction (V) causes, characterized in that the recess as Groove (3) with an upper lip (4) and a lower lip (6) is formed, in which the spring (10) in the transverse direction (Q) can be latched, wherein a lower side e (100) of the spring (10) and an upper surface (60) of the lower lip (6) parallel to the upper side (15). Floor panel according to claim 41, characterized in that an upper side (120) of the spring (10) rests in the mounted state on a lower side (40) of the upper lip (4). Floor panel according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that the spring (10) and the recess (3) have a wedge-shaped contour in cross-section. Floor panel according to one of claims 41 to 43, characterized in that the spring (10) and the recess (3) are designed such that in the assembled state between the front region of the spring (10) and the upper lip (4) adjoining Region of the recess (3) a gap is present. Floor panel according to one of claims 41 to 44, characterized in that the distal end (101) of the spring (10) and the groove bottom (50) is formed perpendicular to the top (15). Floor panel according to one of claims 33 to 45, characterized in that the rear region of the tongue (10) is designed as a substantially straight surface (13) which extends at an angle to the horizontal and which engages with a corresponding projection (5) in the Groove (3) causes a locking in the transverse direction (Q). Floor panel according to one of Claims 33 to 46, characterized in that adjoining the spring (10) is a support region (14) for supporting a shoulder (9) which terminates the groove (3). Floor panel according to claim 47, characterized in that the support area (14) extends substantially horizontally. Floor panel according to claim 47, characterized in that the support area (14) extends at an angle (μ) to the horizontal. Floor panel according to one of claims 33 to 49, characterized in that the spring (10) with an undercut (17) opposite the top (15) is provided. Floor panel according to one of claims 33 to 50, characterized in that the second side edge is formed according to at least one of claims 1 to 15 Floor panel bounded in a horizontal plane by a top (15) provided with a decorative layer (16) or the like and a bottom (7) provided for resting on a subfloor, comprising means for detachably connecting at least two panels (1, 2) is provided, wherein on at least one first side edge of a first panel (1) extending in the longitudinal direction of the side edge spring (10) and at the opposite side edge to the spring (10) corresponding recess (3) is formed, wherein the recess ( 3) consists of an upper lip (4) and a lower lip (6) and the lower lip (6) has a shoulder (9) with a shoulder top (5) and a front shoulder (8) formed with a corresponding undercut (13) of the spring (10) the panels (1, 2) in the transverse direction (Q) blocked, characterized in that at the second, at an angle to the first side edge extending side edge at least one spring (51, 52) un at least one groove (62, 61) having a first lip (63, 64) and a second lip (65, 66) is formed on the opposite side edge, wherein on the spring (51, 52) and at least on one of the lips ( 63, 64, 65, 66) each at least one parallel to the top (15) extending recess (71, 72) is arranged, wherein the recesses (71, 72) to each other are arranged so that they in interconnected panels (1, 2 ) form a channel (75) for receiving a separate locking element (80). Floor panel according to claim 52, characterized in that the channel (75) is cylindrical, triangular or quadrangular, polygonal, x-shaped or v-shaped. Floor panel according to claim 52 or 53, characterized in that the channel (75) extends over the entire length of the groove (61, 62) and spring (51, 52). Floor panel according to one of claims 52 to 54, characterized in that the channel (75) extends below and parallel to the butt joint (73) of the panels (1, 2). Floor panel according to one of claims 52 to 55, characterized in that the groove (62) and the spring (51) are designed so that they effect a locking in the transverse direction (Q). Floor panel according to one of claims 52 to 56, characterized in that the first side edge is formed according to one of claims 33 to 50, Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of HDF, MDF or an OSB material. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the upper side (15) no decorative layer is applied. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first side edge is formed on the longitudinal side and the second side edge on the transverse side of the panel. Floor panel according to one of claims 1 to 59, characterized in that the second side edge is formed on the longitudinal side and the first side edge on the transverse side of the panel. Method for laying a floor panel (1, 2) according to one of Claims 1 to 51 and 58 to 61, insofar as these relate to Claims 1 to 51, with the following steps: a) connecting and locking a plurality of panels (1, 2) to their second side edge for laying a first row on the floor of a room; b) connecting and locking another panel with its first side edge with at least one designed in the first row panel (1, 2), as the beginning of a second row by inserting and pivoting the spring (10) in the groove (3); c) arranging a new panel with its second side edge abutting directly on the side edge opposite the second side edge of the previously designed further panel in the second row, the spring (10) being inserted in the groove (3) and the new panel being angled towards the first row of laid-out panels (1, 2) is; d) pivoting the new panel about an axis parallel to the first side edge in the direction of floor until the interlocking elements (23, 24) of the second side edge of the new panel abut the corresponding cutout (200) of the further panel; e) pushing down the new panel until a positive locking has taken place over the entire second side edge. A method according to claim 62, characterized in that the pressing down pulse-like manner, in particular by means of a hammer blow or a palm-mounted. Method for laying a floor panel (1, 2) according to one of claims 52 to 61, as far as claims 58 to 61 are dependent on claims 52 to 57, with the following steps: a) connecting and locking a plurality of panels (1, 2) at their second side edges for laying a first row on the floor of a room; b) connecting and locking another panel with its first side edge having at least one in the first row laid out panel (1, 2) at its side opposite the first side edge, as the beginning of a second row by inserting and pivoting the spring (10) in the Groove (3); c) placing a new panel with its second side edge spaced apart from the second side edge opposite side edge of the previously designed further panel, wherein the spring (51) is not inserted in the groove (62) and the new panel is angularly laid out to the first row Panel (1, 2) is; d) pivoting the new panel about an axis parallel to the first side edge toward the floor and sliding along the first side edge until the spring (51) is received in the groove (62) to form a butt joint (73) and a channel (75) is; e) inserting a locking element (80) in the channel (75). Method for laying a floor panel (1, 2) according to one of claims 52 to 61, as far as claims 58 to 61 are dependent on claims 52 to 57, with the following steps: a) connecting and locking a plurality of panels (1, 2) at their second and opposite side edges for laying a first row on the floor of a room; b) connecting and locking another panel with its first side edge having at least one in the first row laid out panel (1, 2) at its side opposite the first side edge, as the beginning of a second row by inserting and pivoting the spring (10) in the Groove (3); c) placing a new panel with its second side edge immediately abutting on the side edge opposite the second side edge of the previously designed further panel, the spring (51) being inserted in the groove (62) and the new panel being angled to the first row of laid-out panels (1, 2) stands; d) pivoting the new panel about an axis parallel to the first side edge toward the floor until the spring (51) is received in the groove (62) to form a butt joint (73) and a channel (75); e) inserting a locking element (80) in the channel (75). A method for unlocking a floor panel (1, 2) according to any one of claims 1 to 51 and 58 to 61, insofar as these are dependent on claims 1 to 51, with the following steps: a) pivoting a plurality of connected to the second and these opposite side edges panels (1, 2) about the axis parallel to the first side edge; b) unlocking and removing the panels (1, 2) from the groove (3) of a still laid row of panels; c) pivoting a panel (1) of the panels (1, 2) connected to the third and opposite side edges about an axis parallel to the second side edge so that the interlocking elements (23, 24) of the panel (1) are disengaged from the panel Positive locking elements of the corresponding cutout (200) of the other panel (2) occur; d) removing the first panel (1). The method of claim 66, wherein in step c) the pivoting is such takes place that the angle between the lower sides (7) of the panels (1, 2) is reduced.

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