EP1366371A1 - Transformateur destine a un capteur de courant - Google Patents

Transformateur destine a un capteur de courant

Info

Publication number
EP1366371A1
EP1366371A1 EP02703610A EP02703610A EP1366371A1 EP 1366371 A1 EP1366371 A1 EP 1366371A1 EP 02703610 A EP02703610 A EP 02703610A EP 02703610 A EP02703610 A EP 02703610A EP 1366371 A1 EP1366371 A1 EP 1366371A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
probe
compensation
winding
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02703610A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1366371B1 (fr
EP1366371B8 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Schäfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1366371A1 publication Critical patent/EP1366371A1/fr
Publication of EP1366371B1 publication Critical patent/EP1366371B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1366371B8 publication Critical patent/EP1366371B8/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G01R15/183—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core
    • G01R15/185—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core with compensation or feedback windings or interacting coils, e.g. 0-flux sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transformer for a current sensor.
  • a transmitter is to be understood as a magnetic arrangement in the general sense, which is magnetically connected to a primary conductor and which is electrically coupled to an evaluation electronics. In this way, a current sensor is formed, which allows the detection of the current in the primary conductor, wherein a current detection for direct current and alternating current is equally possible.
  • So-called compensation current sensors are known, for example, which have an annular magnetic core with an air gap.
  • the magnetic core is provided with a secondary winding (compensation winding).
  • the primary conductor i.e. the conductor that carries the metering current is central through the
  • Magnetic core guided There is a magnetic field probe in the core air gap that detects the flux in the magnetic core.
  • the signal from the probe is fed to the secondary winding (compensation winding) via an amplifier circuit in such a way that the magnetic flux induced by the primary conductor is constantly compensated for to zero.
  • the secondary current required for this is then strictly proportional to the primary current to be measured. Proceeding from a straight line primary conductor, the proportionality factor is determined by the number of turns of the secondary winding (compensation winding).
  • a magnetic sensor working on the Hall principle is often used, in particular a corresponding integrated circuit. In the case of such a Hall probe, the air gap is absolutely necessary, since the magnetic field sensitivity is relatively low.
  • the field concentration through the magnetic core is therefore necessary to ensure a sufficiently high sensitivity of the control loop.
  • the use of a Hall probe has the disadvantage of a clear offset, which means that the output voltage is different from zero without an applied magnetic field. Furthermore, this offset has a pronounced temperature dependency. This now leads to a clear offset with a pronounced temperature dependence.
  • compensation current sensors with a soft magnetic magnetic field probe are known, as are described for example in EP 0 294 590 A2.
  • a closed magnetic core is used in this solution.
  • at least one strip-shaped element made of amorphous soft magnetic material is provided with an indicator winding.
  • This element then serves as a magnetic field probe.
  • it is magnetized in a bipolar manner with the aid of an indicator winding and the asymmetry of the current and voltage amplitudes is used to determine and evaluate the mismatch.
  • This arrangement has the advantage over the arrangement with a Hall probe that the hysteresis of this probe is negligible. This leads to a very small offset in the compensation current sensor.
  • the temperature drift of such a probe is negligible in most cases, so that the offset is also temperature-stable.
  • the magnetic field probe detects the field of the primary conductor, ie the field in air space. There is no flux concentration through the magnetic core. Since the magnetic field probe is a strip-shaped element, the effective permeability of the magnetic core of the probe is relatively low due to the strong shear of the magnetic circuit. Overall, this leads to a moderate sensitivity of the magnetic field probe. A low sensitivity of the magnetic field probe leads to a low gain in the first stage of the Control loop, so that an offset of the amplifiers involved is noticeable as an offset of the entire current sensor.
  • an air gap is inserted into the magnetic core in EP 0 294 590 A2. This air gap ensures a flow concentration at the location of the probe and thus a higher sensitivity of the entire arrangement. This eliminates the first disadvantage of the arrangement.
  • a second disadvantage of this arrangement is, however, a certain sensitivity to external fields.
  • the magnetic field probe or the magnetic field probes like the field of the primary conductor and that of the compensation coil, can also detect external magnetic fields. If two magnetic field probes are used, an external field compensates itself because the probes are polarized in opposite directions. However, this only applies to a completely homogeneous external magnetic field. However, such a magnetic field is rarely given in practice, since external magnetic fields originate from adjacent current conductors or, for example, transformers, which emit a strongly inhomogeneous magnetic field.
  • a third disadvantage of the arrangement disclosed in EP 0 294 590 A2 is the dependence on the position of the primary conductor. This arrangement only has high accuracy if an idealized, infinitely long conductor is guided exactly on the axis of the magnetic core. Only then are the probes flooded just like the magnetic core, so that the strict proportionality between the secondary and the primary current applies. If, for example, the primary conductor is looped over a ring segment of the magnetic core, a very high flux is fed into the magnetic core at this point, while the H field at the location of the probes is significantly lower than when the primary conductor is passed axially. In this case, the sensor will still deliver a current linear output signal, but its slope is significantly less than with an optimal design and Due to saturation effects in the magnetic core, its measuring range is also considerably smaller.
  • the sensor is very inexpensive to manufacture, since the magnetic core consists of two stamped / bent parts and the Compensation coil consists of a simple box winding.
  • the magnetic core is therefore driven proportional to the strength of the primary current. Above a certain primary current, the saturation flux density of the magnetic core is reached and the magnetic core is partially saturated. From this point on, the current sensor becomes highly non-linear, ie this effect limits the measuring range of the current sensor upwards.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a current sensor which on the one hand avoids the saturation problem described above and on the other hand has an extremely low offset.
  • Transducers according to the invention are characterized by a very large measuring range, current sensors built up with them being nevertheless compact and, in terms of their design, simple and inexpensive to design.
  • they have a significantly lower offset than comparable current sensors with Hall magnetic field probes, since the magnetic field probe has no hysteresis. They also have a low sensitivity to external fields and are only very slightly dependent on the position of the primary conductor.
  • the sensor can be manufactured very inexpensively, since the magnetic core can consist of two stamped / bent parts and the compensation coil can consist of a simple box winding.
  • a transformer with a closed probe core made of soft magnetic material, a probe winding that is at least partially wound around the probe core, a closed compensation core made of soft magnetic material, and a compensation winding that is at least partially wound around the probe core and compensation core is, the probe core and the compensation core being arranged relative to one another in such a way that a conductor carrying the measuring current can be passed through the probe core and the compensation core.
  • the probe winding and / or the compensation winding can only be partially or preferably completely wound around the entire core circumference.
  • amorphous metal or nanocrystalline metal can preferably be provided as the soft magnetic material for the probe core, but also for the compensation core or both.
  • the probe core and compensation core are preferably designed as (round) ring cores, the probe core and compensation core being arranged concentrically to one another. Furthermore, it can be provided that the probe core has a considerably smaller cross-sectional area than the compensation core.
  • a further closed compensation core is provided, the probe winding being wound at least in sections only around the probe core and the compensation winding being wound at least in sections around the probe core and both compensation cores.
  • the probe core is preferably arranged between the two compensation cores. In this way, an optimal shielding of the compensation core and the compensation winding and thus extensive shielding from interference fields are achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a transformer according to the invention with a compensation core in an application in a general embodiment of a current sensor
  • FIG. 2 shows the transformer according to FIG. 1 in cross section
  • Figure 3 a second embodiment of a transformer according to the invention with two compensation cores in connection with a special embodiment of a current sensor and
  • Figure 4 shows the transformer of Figure 3 in cross section.
  • a transformer according to the invention with a closed compensation core 1 and a closed probe core 2 is provided.
  • both cores can have any closed shape (square, rectangular, oval, etc.), the ring shape (circular shape) was preferred because it is the easiest to manufacture and has the best properties in this context.
  • the probe core is smaller in diameter than the compensation core and consequently arranged in the interior of the compensation core 1. Although it would also be possible to place the probe core in the outer space of the compensation core or above the compensation core in the same way, the arrangement in the interior is more favorable with regard to the shielding from external interference fields on the probe core 2.
  • a probe winding 3 is wound around the probe core 2 over the entire circumference of the probe core 2.
  • Completely wrapping the probe core 2 has the advantage that the sensitivity of the arrangement of the probe core 2 and the probe winding 3 is location-independent.
  • a compensation winding 4 is provided, which is also wound around the entire circumference of the compensation core 1 and probe core 2 for the same reasons.
  • a conductor 5 carrying the current to be measured In the interior of the probe core 2 and thus also in the interior of the compensation core 1 there is finally a conductor 5 carrying the current to be measured.
  • the closed design of the probe core and compensation core, and in particular the special arrangement of both achieve that the measured field and so that the measured current is independent of the position of the conductor 5 in the interior of the probe core 2 and compensation core 1.
  • the evaluation circuit shown only schematically in FIG. 1 as an exemplary embodiment consists of a symmetry stage 6 and an amplifier stage 7 connected downstream thereof.
  • the symmetry stage 6 is coupled on the input side to the probe winding 3.
  • the probe core 2 is magnetized bipolarly via the symmetry stage 6.
  • an output signal is generated from the asymmetry of the current or voltage profiles, which is amplified in the amplifier stage 7 and is used to control the compensation winding 4.
  • the output current of the amplifier stage 7 is fed into the compensation coil via a resistor 8 (leading to ground potential 10, for example).
  • a resistor 8 leading to ground potential 10, for example.
  • the field of this current in the compensation core 1 and in the probe core 2 compensates for the magnetic flux of the primary conductor 5.
  • the output current of the amplifier stage 7 and thus the voltage drop across the resistor 8 is proportional to the primary current flowing in the primary conductor 5.
  • FIG 2 the structure of the transformer according to the invention shown in Figure 1 is shown in cross section. It can be seen that the compensation core 1 and probe core 2 have different cross sections. Part of the probe winding 3 is accommodated in the space between the compensation core 1 and the probe core 2. Finally, the compensation winding 4 is wound around the compensation core 1, probe core 2 and probe winding 3.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the transformer according to the invention in connection with an evaluation circuit shown in detail is shown in FIG. Compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the transformer according to FIG. 3 is expanded in such a way that an additional compensation core 11 is arranged in the interior of the probe core 2 and thus in the interior of the compensation core 1. The further compensation core 11 is placed between the probe core 2 and the conductor 5. While the probe winding 2 remains unchanged compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the
  • Compensation winding 4 wound around probe core 2, probe winding 3 and the two compensation cores 1 and 11.
  • the subsequent evaluation circuit consists of a symmetry stage 12 and a pulse width amplifier 13 connected downstream of this.
  • the symmetry stage 12 is coupled to the probe winding 3 on the input side.
  • the probe core 2 is magnetized bipolarly via the symmetry stage 12.
  • an output signal is generated in this stage which drives the downstream pulse width amplifier 13, the symmetrical output signal of which, with the interposition of two driver stages 14, 15, a (symmetrical) filter stage 16 and a resistor 17, for controlling the Compensation winding 4 serves.
  • the field of this current in the compensation core 1 and in the probe core 2 again compensates for the magnetic flux of the primary conductor 5.
  • the output current generated by the pulse width amplifier 13 and thus the voltage drop across the resistor 17 is proportional to the primary current flowing in the primary conductor 5.
  • the symmetry stage 12 can have, for example, a Schmitt trigger with a symmetrical input and a symmetrical output, the output being provided for controlling the probe winding 3.
  • the voltage applied to the probe winding 3 from the output of the Schmitt trigger generates a current in the probe winding 3, which current is also influenced by the additional flux in the probe core 2 generated by the compensation winding 4 and primary conductor 5.
  • the current is in turn detected by the input of the Schmitt trigger by means of a resistor 18.
  • a pulse width modulated signal at the output of the sym etrie stage 12 then shows the asymmetry between the input and output signal at the Schmitt trigger and thus the asymmetry between current and voltage at the probe winding 3.
  • This pulse width signal is then processed by the pulse width amplifier 13.
  • the pulse width amplifier 13 is clocked by an external clock signal source 19 via a frequency divider 20.
  • nanocrystalline material is provided as the core material for the probe core 2, while amorphous metal is used in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 (or vice versa).
  • NiFe material is used as the core material for the compensation core 4 in both cases.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross section of part of the transmitter according to FIG. 3.
  • the two compensation cores 1 and 11 flank the probe core 2 on both sides in the radial direction of the three cores.
  • the cross-sectional area of the probe core 2 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of each of the two compensation cores 1, 11, which have the same cross-sectional area in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the height of the probe core 2 is less than the height of the two compensation cores 1, 11.
  • the probe winding 3 is arranged so that it at most reaches the height of the two compensation cores 1 and 11. Finally, the compensation winding 4 is wound around the compensation cores 1, 11, the probe core 2 and the probe winding 3. Since the second cross section is identical to the first, only half of the transformer is shown in the drawing. In the exemplary embodiments shown, a closed, preferably ring-shaped magnetic core made of amorphous or nanocrystalline metal is therefore used as the magnetic field probe.
  • the toroidal core is provided with a winding which preferably surrounds the entire core symmetrically. With the help of the winding, the magnetic core is bipolarly magnetized periodically or in pulse form and the asymmetry of the current or voltage amplitudes is used to evaluate the mismatch.
  • a second closed, preferably ring-shaped magnetic core is preferably arranged concentrically with the probe core in the plane of the probe core. Both cores and the winding of the probe core are enclosed by the secondary winding.
  • the primary conductor is led through the openings of both cores.
  • the evaluation circuit feeds a current into the compensation winding, which compensates for the magnetic flux of the primary conductor in both cores at all times. The compensation current is therefore proportional to the primary current.
  • a primary current can be measured via the compensation winding even without generating a compensation current.
  • a corresponding, approximately offset-free output signal is obtained with an appropriately designed symmetry stage if the driver stage (s) (amplifier stage) are switched to high resistance via a control signal.
  • the current sensor thus offers the option of switching the current measuring range.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un transformateur composé d'un noyau de sonde fermé (2) en matériau magnétique doux, d'une bobine de sonde (3) au moins partiellement enroulée autour du noyau de sonde (2), d'un noyau de compensation fermé (1) en matériau magnétique doux, et d'une bobine de compensation (4) ) au moins partiellement enroulée autour du noyau de sonde (2) et du noyau de compensation (4), le noyau de sonde (2) et le noyau de compensation (4) étant disposés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière qu'un conducteur (5) portant le courant de mesure peut être guidé au travers du noyau de sonde (2) et du noyau de compensation (1).
EP02703610A 2001-03-05 2002-02-28 Transformateur destine a un capteur de courant Expired - Lifetime EP1366371B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10110475A DE10110475A1 (de) 2001-03-05 2001-03-05 Übertrager für einen Stromsensor
DE10110475 2001-03-05
PCT/EP2002/002191 WO2002071081A1 (fr) 2001-03-05 2002-02-28 Transformateur destine a un capteur de courant

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1366371A1 true EP1366371A1 (fr) 2003-12-03
EP1366371B1 EP1366371B1 (fr) 2005-11-02
EP1366371B8 EP1366371B8 (fr) 2006-01-11

Family

ID=7676326

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02703610A Expired - Lifetime EP1366371B8 (fr) 2001-03-05 2002-02-28 Transformateur destine a un capteur de courant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6794860B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1366371B8 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004523909A (fr)
DE (2) DE10110475A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002071081A1 (fr)

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DE102011080034A1 (de) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Stromsensoranordnung
DE102011080039A1 (de) * 2011-07-28 2013-04-18 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Stromsensoranordnung
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EP2653876B1 (fr) * 2012-04-20 2014-09-03 ABB Technology AG Agencement permettant de mesurer un courant avec un transducteur de courant du type Rogowski
EP2653875B1 (fr) * 2012-04-20 2014-09-10 ABB Technology AG Transducteur de courant du type Rogowski et agencement pour mesurer un courant
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DE102012021364A1 (de) 2012-11-02 2014-05-08 SIEVA d.o.o. - poslovna enota Idrija Gerät zur isolierten Messung von Strom und Verfahren zur isolierten Ermittlung von Strom
CN106170706B (zh) * 2013-10-09 2019-01-18 Abb研究有限公司 一种使用罗氏型电流传感器的电流测量装置和方法
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DE102014202531A1 (de) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hochspannungstransformatorvorrichtung mit einstellbarer Streuung, Wechselrichterschaltung mit einer Hochspannungstransformatorvorrichtung und Verwendung einer Hochspannungstransformatorvorrichtung
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1366371B1 (fr) 2005-11-02
US6794860B2 (en) 2004-09-21
DE50204773D1 (de) 2005-12-08
JP2004523909A (ja) 2004-08-05
DE10110475A1 (de) 2002-09-26
US20040140879A1 (en) 2004-07-22
WO2002071081A1 (fr) 2002-09-12
EP1366371B8 (fr) 2006-01-11

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