EP1365369B1 - Light emitting device for warning and indicating an emergency exit - Google Patents

Abstract

The luminous alarm alert and danger warning has luminous emergency indicators (2A) with a control unit (3A) controlling the luminous indicator. The indicator can be set in three states. The first a standby state, the normal state a continuous light state. The second, an alert state with discontinuous light indicating urgent evacuation of the area. A third state indicates emergency evacuation with aid being obtained.

Description

The invention relates to a light warning device and indication of at least one emergency exit which is located in a closed environment.

In the context of the present invention, the enclosed environment may be in particular a building (cinema, apartment building, school, ...), a room (conference room, ...) of a building, a ship , an aircraft, ...

In order to allow the emergency evacuation of such an enclosed environment in a dangerous situation (fire, risk of collapse, release of gas, etc.), it is generally provided with emergency exits, to which are associated most often emergency devices.

As emergency devices, sound or visual means are generally provided to alert persons in the closed environment of the danger situation and the need to evacuate the enclosed environment and / or to indicate to those persons the direction they must take in response to the situation encountered. For example, in the presence of a fire, it may be necessary, at first, to alert people of the potential danger and, secondly, to guide them to a safe environment.

• les dispositifs d'alerte ; et
• les dispositifs indiquant les issues de secours aux personnes se trouvant dans l'environnement clos et permettant de les guider.

Thus, emergency devices can be divided into two categories:

• warning devices; and
• devices indicating emergency exits to persons in the enclosed environment to guide them.

It is therefore generally necessary to provide two different types of devices for each emergency exit, which is expensive and cumbersome.

The warning devices are intended solely to alert people to the existence of a potential hazard. These devices may, for example, be a siren that triggers when the expected trigger conditions occur (fire for example).

The devices indicating the emergency exits may be light indicators emitting light signals, in particular light panels that are generally used in public buildings, such as cinemas, for example.

• premièrement, en cas de dégagement de fumée (feu ou dégagement de produit chimique par exemple), les signaux lumineux émis par ces indicateurs lumineux sont généralement difficilement visibles à cause de l'effet d'écran engendré par la fumée. Par conséquent, ces signaux lumineux qui sont masqués aux yeux des personnes cherchant à évacuer l'environnement clos où ils se trouvent, ne sont plus d'aucune utilité. Ces indicateurs lumineux sont donc inefficaces dans un tel cas ;
• deuxièmement, les issues de secours repérées par les signaux lumineux peuvent être impraticables. Elles peuvent notamment être bloquées, par exemple par une déformation du cadre de la porte ou par l'obstruction par un élément extérieur tel qu'un arbre ou par un élément intérieur tel qu'une partie effondrée du plafond par exemple. Dans une telle situation, l'indicateur lumineux continue d'indiquer une issue de secours qui ne peut pas être utilisée pour l'évacuation. Dans ce cas, les indicateurs lumineux induisent en erreur les personnes qui veulent sortir de l'environnement clos.

However, such light indicators have a double disadvantage:

• firstly, in case of smoke (fire or release of chemical for example), the light signals emitted by these indicators are usually difficult to see because of the smearing effect of the smoke. Therefore, these light signals that are hidden from the eyes of people seeking to evacuate the enclosed environment where they are, are no longer useful. These light indicators are therefore ineffective in such a case;
• secondly, emergency exits identified by light signals may be impractical. They may especially be blocked, for example by a deformation of the door frame or by obstruction by an external element such as a tree or by an inner element such as a collapsed portion of the ceiling for example. In such a situation, the indicator light continues to indicate an emergency exit that can not be used for evacuation. In this case, the light indicators mislead people who want to leave the closed environment.

Furthermore, US-6 201 470 discloses a sound device for guiding people to an emergency exit when the situation requires it. To do this, this sound device transmits simultaneously and / or successively, sounds comprising a majority of frequencies among those audible by the human ear. These noise emissions are used simultaneously as a warning signal and as an orientation signal thanks to the different frequencies used. They allow people to locate and be guided to emergency exits.

However, in a situation of danger requiring evacuation, the noise level is generally very high [cries of people, noise generated by the events (fire, ...) at the origin of the situation of danger, ...] making It is difficult for the human ear to select between useful sound and stray background noise, or simply to hear useful sound. This sound device can therefore, in certain situations, not achieve its objectives.

• alerter les personnes se trouvant dans un environnement clos de toute situation de danger nécessitant une évacuation ; et
• indiquer une issue de secours praticable de manière à pouvoir guider lesdites personnes vers cette issue de secours praticable lors d'une évacuation.

The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages. It relates to a very effective light device for both:

• alert persons in an enclosed environment to any danger situation requiring evacuation; and
• indicate a practicable emergency exit so as to be able to guide said persons towards this usable escape route during an evacuation.

• ledit indicateur lumineux est susceptible d'être amené dans l'un de trois états différents :
  • un état de veille, dans lequel il émet un premier rayonnement lumineux qui est continu et qui présente une première intensité ;
  • un état d'alerte, dans lequel il émet un deuxième rayonnement lumineux qui est discontinu et qui présente une deuxième intensité qui est supérieure à ladite première intensité ; et
  • un troisième état ; et
• lesdits moyens de commande commandent ledit indicateur lumineux de manière à l'amener :
  • dans ledit état de veille, en situation normale ;
  • dans ledit état d'alerte, lors d'une évacuation d'urgence dudit environnement clos par ladite issue de secours, cette dernière étant praticable ; et
  • dans ledit troisième état, lors d'une évacuation d'urgence, lorsque ladite issue de secours est impraticable.

For this purpose, according to the invention, said device which comprises a light indicator intended to indicate said emergency exit and control means for controlling said light indicator, is remarkable in that:

• said indicator light is capable of being brought into one of three different states:
  • a standby state, in which it emits a first light radiation which is continuous and which has a first intensity;
  • a state of alert, in which it emits a second light radiation which is discontinuous and which has a second intensity which is greater than said first intensity; and
  • a third state; and
• said control means controls said light indicator so as to bring it:
  • in said waking state, in a normal situation;
  • in said state of alert, during an emergency evacuation of said environment enclosed by said emergency exit, the latter being practicable; and
  • in said third state, during an emergency evacuation, when said emergency exit is impractical.

According to the invention, said first light radiation is such that it does not visually disturb a person in said closed environment, and said second light radiation is such that it visually alerts a person in said closed environment of a danger situation and guide it to at least one emergency exit.

Thus, thanks to the invention, in a normal, safe situation, the light indicator emits a first continuous, low intensity light radiation, which simply makes it possible to signal to persons in the enclosed environment (building, ship, aircraft , ...) the emergency exit, but that does not disturb them in their occupation. For example in a cinema, said first light radiation must not reduce the darkness necessary for the good projection of a film. Said light radiation emitted therefore depends on the enclosed environment to which it is applied. On the other hand, when a situation of danger requiring evacuation of the closed environment is detected, the indicator light is brought into the state of alert, in which, by a second disturbing light radiation, because discontinuous and intensity high, it alerts people to the situation and guide them to an emergency exit (passable) that it helps to locate (either by locating it directly, for example by being arranged above said emergency exit, and thereby signaling its position, either by indicating the direction in which the emergency exit is located, for example by means of an arrow).

It will be noted that the emergency exit warning and indication device according to the invention is particularly effective, since, in the state of alert, the second light radiation emitted is such that it remains visible at night. human eye in all circumstances, even in the presence of smoke.

In addition, advantageously, said indicator light is likely to be brought into said third state, during an emergency evacuation, when said emergency exit is impractical. Thus, during an emergency evacuation, the device according to the invention prevents people to evacuate when an emergency exit is impractical.

In a first variant of the invention, said third state corresponds to said standby state, whereas, in a second variant of the invention, in said third state, said light indicator emits a third light radiation which is different from said first and second light radiation.

In these two cases, people are always guided to the improper exit, but the location of this exit, and moreover the fact that it is impractical (because the indicator light is in the state of standby or emits said third particular light radiation), allows them to visually and easily locate the nearest available emergency exit.

In a third variant of the invention, the indicator light is off in said third state. In this case, people are not more guided towards the corresponding emergency exit which is, anyway, impractical.

Furthermore, advantageously, said indicator light comprises two indication light elements capable of emitting light radiation, which are both in the standby state in normal situation.

In this case, in a first embodiment, only one of said two indication light elements is controlled by said control means during a change of situation. On the other hand, in a second embodiment, the two indication light elements are controlled by said control means during a change of situation.

• au moins un moyen d'indication lumineux ;
• au moins deux sources d'alimentation en énergie, susceptibles d'alimenter avec des énergies différentes ledit moyen lumineux d'indication de sorte qu'il puisse émettre des rayonnements lumineux différents ; et
• un commutateur commandable susceptible de relier ledit moyen d'indication lumineux à l'une desdites sources d'alimentation, pour son alimentation en énergie.

Moreover, advantageously, said indicator light comprises:

• at least one light indication means;
• at least two power supply sources capable of supplying said light indicating means with different energies so that it can emit different light rays; and
• a controllable switch capable of connecting said light indication means to one of said power sources for its power supply.

• des premiers moyens pour engendrer le cas échéant un signal d'urgence ;
• des seconds moyens pour engendrer le cas échéant un signal informant de l'impraticabilité de ladite issue de secours ; et
• des troisièmes moyens pour commander ledit indicateur lumineux, en fonction des signaux engendrés par lesdits premiers et seconds moyens.

In addition, advantageously, said control means comprise:

• first means for generating, if necessary, an emergency signal;
• second means for generating, if necessary, a signal informing the impassability of said emergency exit; and
• third means for controlling said light indicator, as a function of the signals generated by said first and second means.

In a first embodiment, said second means comprise a member which is manually operable.

• au moins un capteur susceptible de mesurer la valeur d'au moins un paramètre représentatif de l'impraticabilité de ladite issue de secours ; et
• au moins un moyen de traitement susceptible d'engendrer un signal informant de l'impraticabilité de ladite issue de secours, en fonction de la valeur dudit paramètre, mesurée par ledit capteur.

In a second embodiment, said second means comprise:

• at least one sensor capable of measuring the value of at least one parameter representative of the impassability of said emergency exit; and
• at least one processing means capable of generating a signal informing the impassability of said emergency exit, as a function of the value of said parameter, measured by said sensor.

• Les figures 1 et 2 représentent les schémas synoptiques de deux variantes de réalisation du dispositif conforme à l'invention.
• La figure 3 montre schématiquement un mode de réalisation particulier du dispositif représenté sur la figure 1.
• La figure 4 montre schématiquement un mode de réalisation particulier du dispositif représenté sur la figure 2.
• Les figures 5 et 6 montrent schématiquement, en perspective, deux modes de réalisation différents d'un moyen lumineux d'indication d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention.

The figures of the appended drawing will make it clear how the invention can be realized. In these figures, identical references designate similar elements.

• Figures 1 and 2 show the block diagrams of two embodiments of the device according to the invention.
• Figure 3 schematically shows a particular embodiment of the device shown in Figure 1.
• FIG. 4 schematically shows a particular embodiment of the device represented in FIG. 2.
• Figures 5 and 6 show schematically, in perspective, two different embodiments of a light indicating means of a device according to the invention.

The device according to the invention and shown according to two different embodiments 1A and 1B respectively in FIGS. 1 and 2, is a warning and indicating device for at least one emergency exit not shown in an environment. such as a building (cinema, residential building, school, ...), a room (conference room, ...) of a building, a ship, an aircraft, ...

• un indicateur lumineux 2A, 2B destiné à indiquer ladite issue de secours et susceptible d'être amené dans au moins l'un de deux états différents :
  • un état de veille, dans lequel il émet un premier rayonnement lumineux qui est continu et qui présente une première intensité réduite ; et
  • un état d'alerte, dans lequel il émet un deuxième rayonnement lumineux qui est discontinu et qui présente une seconde intensité qui est élevée et supérieure à ladite première intensité ; et
• des moyens de commande 3A, 3B pour commander ledit indicateur lumineux 2A, 2B de manière à l'amener :
  • dans ledit état de veille, en situation normale, c'est-à-dire en l'absence de danger (donc pas d'alerte ni d'évacuation) ; et
  • dans ledit état d'alerte, lors d'une évacuation d'urgence dudit environnement clos en cas de danger (feu, ...) par ladite issue de secours, cette dernière étant praticable.

According to the invention, said device 1A, 1B comprises:

• a light indicator 2A, 2B intended to indicate said emergency exit and capable of being brought into at least one of two different states:
  • a standby state, in which it emits a first light radiation which is continuous and which has a first reduced intensity; and
  • a state of alert, in which it emits a second light radiation which is discontinuous and which has a second intensity which is high and higher than said first intensity; and
• control means 3A, 3B for controlling said indicator light 2A, 2B so as to bring it:
  • in said waking state, in normal situation, that is to say in the absence of danger (thus no warning or evacuation); and
  • in said state of alert, during an emergency evacuation of said closed environment in case of danger (fire, ...) by said emergency exit, the latter being practicable.

According to the invention, said first light radiation (continuous and low intensity) is such that it does not visually disturb a person in said closed environment, and said second light radiation (discontinuous and high intensity) is such that it visually alerts anyone in the enclosed environment, the danger and the need to evacuate the enclosed environment and the guide to at least one emergency exit.

Preferably, said first light radiation is a neutral light (white for example) and said second light radiation has a green color. Tests have, in fact, shown that the color which is generally associated with a "positive" signal (traffic lights, entrance hall of a bank, etc.) and which is therefore recognized by the public, is the one that best allows people to be guided. to an emergency exit.

Thus, thanks to the invention, in a normal, safe situation, the light indicator 2A, 2B emits a (first) continuous low intensity light radiation, which simply makes it possible to signal to persons in the enclosed environment (building , ship, aircraft, ...) at least one emergency exit, but which does not disturb them in their occupation. For example in a cinema, said first light radiation must not reduce the darkness necessary for the good projection of a film. The light radiation emitted therefore depends on the enclosed environment to which it is applied. On the other hand, when a situation of danger requiring evacuation of the closed environment is detected, the indicator light 2A, 2B is brought into the state of alert, in which, by a (second) very disturbing light radiation, because discontinuous and high intensity, it alerts people of the situation and guides them to the emergency exit it helps to locate [either by locating it directly, for example by being arranged above said emergency exit , and thus signaling its position, either by indicating the direction in which this emergency exit is located, for example by means of an arrow (figure 6) or a hand (figure 5)].

• à alerter les personnes de ladite situation de danger ; et
• à guider lesdites personnes vers au moins une issue de secours.

It will be noted that said device 1A, 1B according to the invention thus serves, when a situation of danger presents itself, at the same time:

• to alert people of the said danger situation; and
• guiding said persons to at least one emergency exit.

In addition, this device 1A, 1B alert and indication of emergency exit is particularly effective, since, in the state of alert, the (second) light radiation emitted is such (discontinuous and intensity) high) that it remains visible to the human eye in all circumstances, even in the presence of smoke, and thus helps guide people to the emergency exit.

In addition, advantageously, said indicator light 2A, 2B can be brought into a third state, and said control means 3A, 3B bring said indicator light 2A, 2B into said third state, during an emergency evacuation. when said emergency exit is impractical.

Thus, during an emergency evacuation, the device 1A, 1B according to the invention prevents people to evacuate when an emergency exit has become impractical.

• au moins un moyen lumineux d'indication 4 ;
• au moins deux sources d'alimentation en énergie 5 et 6, susceptibles d'alimenter avec des énergies différentes ledit moyen lumineux d'indication 4 de sorte qu'il puisse émettre des rayonnements lumineux différents ; et
• un commutateur commandable 7A, 7B qui est relié par des liaisons 8, 9, 10 et 11 respectivement aux moyens de commande 3A ou 3B, au moyen lumineux d'indication 4, à la source d'alimentation 5 et à la source d'alimentation 6, et qui est susceptible de relier ledit moyen lumineux d'indication 4 à l'une desdites sources d'alimentation 5 et 6 pour son alimentation en énergie.

According to the invention, said light indicator 2A, 2B comprises, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2:

• at least one indication light means 4;
• at least two power supply sources 5 and 6, capable of supplying with different energies said indication light means 4 so that it can emit different light rays; and
• a controllable switch 7A, 7B which is connected by links 8, 9, 10 and 11 respectively to the control means 3A or 3B, to the indication light means 4, to the power source 5 and to the power source 6, and which is capable of connecting said indicator light means 4 to one of said power sources 5 and 6 for its power supply.

• dans la position P1, le moyen 4 est alimenté en énergie électrique par la source 5 ; et
• dans la position P2, ledit moyen 4 est alimenté en énergie électrique par la source 6.

The control means 3A, 3B are therefore capable of controlling the switch 7A, 7B to bring it into at least one of two positions P1 and P2 such that:

• in the position P1, the means 4 is supplied with electrical energy by the source 5; and
• in the position P2, said means 4 is supplied with electrical energy by the source 6.

• la source d'alimentation 5 fournit une énergie E (en fonction du temps t) qui est continue et qui présente une valeur E1 faible. Ainsi, lorsqu'il est relié à cette source 5, le moyen 4 émet ledit premier rayonnement lumineux (indicateur lumineux 3A, 3B dans l'état de veille) ; et
• la source d'alimentation 6 fournit une énergie E qui est discontinue entre une valeur minimale E2 et une valeur maximale E3, cette dernière étant élevée. Ainsi, lorsqu'il est relié à cette source 6, le moyen 4 émet ledit second rayonnement lumineux (indicateur lumineux 3A, 3B dans l'état d'alerte).

As can be seen in Figures 3 and 4:

• the power source 5 provides an energy E (as a function of time t ) which is continuous and which has a low value E1. Thus, when it is connected to this source 5, the means 4 emits said first light radiation (light indicator 3A, 3B in the standby state); and
• the power source 6 provides an energy E which is discontinuous between a minimum value E2 and a maximum value E3, the latter being high. Thus, when it is connected to this source 6, the means 4 emits said second light radiation (light indicator 3A, 3B in the alert state).

In the first embodiment 1A shown in FIG. 1, the third state in which the means 4 is brought when, during an emergency evacuation, the emergency exit is impracticable, is said waking state, that is, the switch 7A is controlled by the control means 3A to resume said position P1. The means 4 is then connected to the DC and DC power source 5 and emits said first light radiation.

Furthermore, in the second embodiment 1B shown in FIG. 2, the third state in which the means 4 is brought when, during an emergency evacuation, the emergency exit is impracticable, corresponds to a specific state. . To do this, the switch 7B is controlled by the control means 3B to take a position P3 for connecting the means 4 to an element 12 (link 13).

In a first variant, said element 12 is a third source of power supply, providing an energy that is different from those provided by the sources 5 and 6 so that the means 4 then emits a third particular light radiation, which is different from said first and second light radiation.

In this case, the persons are always guided towards the impassable emergency exit, but the location of this exit and, moreover, the fact that it is impracticable (emission of said third particular light radiation), allows them to Easily locate, visually, the nearest available emergency exit.

It will be noted that, according to the invention, the different power supply sources can be combined into a single unit capable of supplying the different energies required.

In a second variant, said element 12 is ground so that the means 4 is no longer supplied with energy when it is connected to this element 12 and then goes out. In this case, people are no longer guided to the corresponding emergency exit, which is in any case impractical.

• des premiers moyens 14 pour engendrer, le cas échéant, un signal d'urgence prévenant d'un danger et de la nécessité d'évacuer l'environnement clos ;
• des seconds moyens 15A, 15B pour engendrer, le cas échéant, un signal informant de l'impraticabilité ou non de l'issue de secours utilisée pour l'évacuation ; et
• des troisièmes moyens 16A, 16B (qui sont reliés par une liaison 17 aux premiers moyens 14 et par une liaison 18A, 18B aux seconds moyens 15A, 15B) pour commander ledit indicateur lumineux 2A, 2B, en fonction des signaux engendrés par lesdits premiers et seconds moyens.

Furthermore, according to the invention, as can be seen more precisely in FIGS. 3 and 4, said control means 3A, 3B comprise:

• first means 14 for generating, if necessary, an emergency signal warning of a danger and the need to evacuate the closed environment;
• second means 15A, 15B for generating, if necessary, a signal informing of the impassability or otherwise of the emergency exit used for evacuation; and
• third means 16A, 16B (which are connected by a link 17 to the first means 14 and by a link 18A, 18B to the second means 15A, 15B) for controlling said indicator light 2A, 2B, as a function of the signals generated by said first and second means.

Preferably, said first means 14 are manually operable means, in particular by a person in charge of the closed environment, for example the captain of an aircraft. In normal situation, said first means 14 are not activated and, when they are activated, they emit said emergency signal (evacuation order).

• un organe manuel 19, de préférence de type à contacteur (poignée, interrupteur, ...) comme représenté sur la figure 3 ; ou
• un dispositif automatique 15B, précisé ci-dessous, comme représenté sur la figure 4 ; ou
• simultanément un organe manuel 19 et un dispositif automatique 15B.

As for the second means, they may include:

• a manual member 19, preferably of contactor type (handle, switch, ...) as shown in Figure 3; or
• an automatic device 15B, specified below, as shown in FIG. 4; or
• simultaneously a manual member 19 and an automatic device 15B.

• au moins un capteur 20 (de position, de pression, ...) susceptible de mesurer la valeur d'au moins un paramètre représentatif de l'impraticabilité de l'issue de secours ; et
• au moins un moyen de traitement 22 relié par une liaison 21 au capteur 20 et susceptible d'engendrer un signal informant de l'impraticabilité de ladite issue de secours, en fonction de la valeur dudit paramètre, mesurée par ledit capteur 20.

According to the invention, said automatic device 15B comprises:

• at least one sensor 20 (position, pressure, ...) capable of measuring the value of at least one parameter representative of the impassability of the emergency exit; and
• at least one processing means 22 connected by a link 21 to the sensor 20 and capable of generating a signal informing the impassability of said emergency exit, as a function of the value of said parameter, measured by said sensor 20.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, the means 16A comprise, for example, an AND logic gate 23. As long as an emergency signal (first means 14) is not emitted, this gate 23 does not deliver signal so that the switch 7A remains at the initial P1 position (standby state for the indicator 2A). It switches to the P2 position (state of alert for the indicator 2A) when an emergency signal (first means 14) is emitted, as well as a signal informing that the emergency exit is practicable (second means 15A ). Such a tilting order is, however, canceled when said second means 15A emits an impregnability signal (return to position P1).

• une porte logique 27, de type "inverseur", qui est reliée à la sortie des seconds moyens 15B susceptibles d'émettre un signal informant si l'issue de secours est praticable ou non. Cette information est donc inversée ; et
• une porte logique ET 28 qui est reliée à la sortie de la porte 27 par une liaison 29, ainsi qu'à la sortie des premiers moyens 14 susceptibles d'émettre un signal d'urgence.

On the other hand, the means 16B shown in FIG. 4 comprise an AND logic gate 24 similar to the gate 23, which is connected (link 8A) to a switching means 25 similar to the switch 7A, for controlling the switching between the sources 5 and 6. Said means 16B furthermore comprise, for controlling the switching between a source 5, 6 and the element 12 (third power supply source or ground) via a switching means 26:

• a logic gate 27, of the "inverter" type, which is connected to the output of the second means 15B capable of emitting a signal informing whether the emergency exit is passable or not. This information is therefore reversed; and
• an AND logic gate 28 which is connected to the output of the gate 27 via a link 29, and to the output of the first means 14 capable of emitting an emergency signal.

This logic gate 28 makes it possible to switch, thanks to a link 8B, the switching means 26 between a position PO (allowing the connection to the switching means 25) and the position P3.

Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, said indicator light means 4 comprises two indicator light elements 30 and 31 (FIG. 5), 32 and 33 (FIG. 6), both of which are in the standby state. , in normal situation.

In a first variant, only one of said two indication light elements, namely preferably the element 30 (FIG. 5) or 33 (FIG. 6), is controlled by said control means 3A, 3B during a change of situation and is brought into said state of alert or in said third state, depending on the situation. This element 30 or 33 comprises, for example, a ramp of light-emitting diodes. The other element 31, 32 remains, meanwhile, still in the waking state.

On the other hand, in a second variant, the two indication light elements 30 and 31, 32 and 33 are controlled simultaneously, during a change of situation.

Claims (12)

1. A luminous alerting device of an enclosed environment, said device (1A, 1B) comprising a luminous indicator (2A, 2B) being able to be placed in one of three different states : a standby state, an alert state and a third state, and operating means (3A, 3B) for operating said luminous indicator (2A, 2B) in such a way as to place it :

   - in said standby state, in a normal situation ; and

   - in said alert state or in said third state, during an emergency evacuation of said enclosed environment,

   characterized in that :

   - said luminous indicator (2A, 2B) is intended to indicate an emergency exit of said enclosed environment and is formed in order to emit :

   . in said standby state, a first luminous radiation which is continuous and which exhibits a first intensity ; and

   . in said alert state, a second luminous radiation which is discontinuous and which exhibits a second intensity which is greater than said first intensity ; and

   - said operating means (3A, 3B) operate said luminous indicator (2A, 2B) in such a way as to place it:

   . in said alert state, during an emergency evacuation of said enclosed environment via said emergency exit, the latter being passable; and

   . in said third state, during an emergency evacuation, when said emergency exit is impassable.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1,
   characterized in that said first luminous radiation is such that it does not visually disturb a person located in said enclosed environment, and in that said second luminous radiation is such that it visually alerts a person located in said enclosed environment of a danger situation and guides him toward said emergency exit.
3. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 2,
   characterized in that said third state corresponds to said standby state.
4. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 2,
   characterized in that, in said third state, said luminous indicator (2B) emits a third luminous radiation which is different than said first and second luminous radiations.
5. The device as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 2,
   characterized in that, in said third state, said luminous indicator (2B) is off.
6. The device as claimed in any one of preceding claims,
   characterized in that said luminous indicator (2A, 2B) comprises two luminous indicating elements (30, 31 ; 32, 33) capable of emitting luminous radiations, which are both in the standby state in a normal situation.
7. The device as claimed in claim 6,
   characterized in that only one of said two luminous indicating elements (30, 31 ; 32, 33) is operated by said operating means (3A, 3B) upon a change of situation.
8. The device as claimed in claim 6,
   characterized in that the two luminous indicating elements (30, 31 ; 32, 33) are operated by said operating means (3A, 3B) upon a change of situation.
9. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that said luminous indicator (2A, 2B) comprises:

   - at least one luminous indicating means (4);

   - at least two energy supply sources (5, 6, 12), capable of supplying said luminous indicating means (4) with different energies so that it can emit different luminous radiations; and

   - an operable switch (7A, 7B) capable of connecting said luminous indicating means (4) to one of said supply sources (5, 6, 12), for the supplying thereof with energy.
10. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that said operating means (3A, 3B) comprise:

    - first means (14) for generating, as the case may be, an emergency signal;

    - second means (15A, 15B) for generating, as the case may be, a signal informing of the impassability of said emergency exit; and

    - third means (16A, 16B) for operating said luminous indicator (3A, 3B), as a function of the signals generated by said first and second means.
11. The device as claimed in claim 10,
    characterized in that said second means (15A) comprise a member (19) which can be actuated manually.
12. The device as claimed in any one of claims 10 and 11,
    characterized in that said second means (15B) comprise:

    - at least one sensor (20) capable of measuring the value of at least one parameter representative of the impassability of said emergency exit; and

    - at least one processing means (22) capable of generating a signal informing of the impassability of said emergency exit, as a function of the value of said parameter, measured by said sensor (20).

Images