EP1362212A1 - Dispositif et procede pour pulveriser des matieres, en particulier du verre - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede pour pulveriser des matieres, en particulier du verre

Info

Publication number
EP1362212A1
EP1362212A1 EP02719848A EP02719848A EP1362212A1 EP 1362212 A1 EP1362212 A1 EP 1362212A1 EP 02719848 A EP02719848 A EP 02719848A EP 02719848 A EP02719848 A EP 02719848A EP 1362212 A1 EP1362212 A1 EP 1362212A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melting
atomizing
atomization
melted
melt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02719848A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Vetter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Publication of EP1362212A1 publication Critical patent/EP1362212A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
    • C03B19/10—Forming beads
    • C03B19/1005—Forming solid beads
    • C03B19/102—Forming solid beads by blowing a gas onto a stream of molten glass or onto particulate materials, e.g. pulverising
    • C03B19/1025—Bead furnaces or burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
    • C03B19/10—Forming beads
    • C03B19/109—Glass-melting furnaces specially adapted for making beads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/12—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in shaft furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B14/143—Heating of the crucible by convection of combustion gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for pulverizing materials.
  • gas or water atomization is used to produce metal powders (see, for example: HW Bergmann, G. Gross, J. Vetter in: gas formulation, 36, p.4 (1988).
  • a liquid metal jet is used in a atomization chamber
  • the fine melt droplets produced quickly solidify and hit the bottom of the atomizing chamber in the form of small solid particles.
  • Gas atomization is carried out with air or inert gases such as nitrogen, argon or helium
  • the powder is then sieved and / or filtered.
  • the atomization using a liquid as atomizing medium has the advantage of a higher quenching rate of the atomized particles, as a result of which metallurgical precipitation processes that take place during the cooling of the particles REJECT
  • water atomization has the disadvantage that the particles produced have to be separated from the water in a complex manner, and there is a risk that the atomized metal will be contaminated by oxides.
  • the spraying of molten metals with liquid nitrogen is particularly advantageous.
  • liquid nitrogen hits a liquid metal jet at a pressure of 600 bar and atomizes it into tiny droplets, which cool down immediately and solidify into powder. This technique enables the production of alloys from highly supersaturated mixed crystals.
  • the melt is supplied via one or more crucibles which, after the material has melted, are each connected to the atomization chamber and thereby enable the material to be atomized in batches.
  • a similar method used to produce a metal oxide powder is known from EP 0 467 194 A1.
  • the known processes have the disadvantage that the resulting powders are quite inhomogeneous in size, shape and composition.
  • the inhomogeneity stems, on the one hand, from the fact that the physical and chemical properties of the melts of different crucibles connected to the atomization chamber - and also the melt of an individual crucible during the melting process - vary to a greater or lesser extent.
  • the spraying of non-metallic melts, in particular glasses is not possible or only with an inadequate result, since these substances solidify very quickly after they have left the melting furnace.
  • Such materials are therefore usually pulverized in a very complex manner by mechanical treatment in the solid state. Glass powder, for example, is produced by grinding glass fibers.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an apparatus and a method for pulverizing materials, by means of which the homogeneity of the powders produced is improved.
  • a device for pulverizing materials is provided with a melting device and an atomizing device accommodated in a atomization chamber for atomizing a molten material supplied from the melting device by means of an atomizing medium, the melting device comprising a continuously operable melting furnace.
  • the melting furnace of the melting device has a melting unit for melting the material and a combustion chamber which is spatially separated from it, but is thermally connected, a predetermined temperature profile being adjustable over a longitudinal extension of the melting unit.
  • Such a melting furnace is previously known from WO 97/05440.
  • the device described therein comprises a melting unit in the form of a vertically arranged tube, which is provided with a gas-tight and fire-resistant jacket.
  • the - usually ceramic - material from which the jacket of the tube is made depends on the raw material to be melted down and is selected in such a way that reactions between the jacket material and the raw material to be melted down are reduced to a minimum.
  • the tube has an addition opening in its upper end face, in which the raw material is added. An outlet opening for discharging the melt is provided in a lower region.
  • the melting unit is housed concentrically in an insulated steel container.
  • the annular space between the insulation of the container and the ceramic tube forms the combustion chamber in which the heat required for the melting process is generated by burning a gas, preferably natural gas.
  • a gas preferably natural gas.
  • the material to be melted is thus fired indirectly.
  • the exhaust gases generated during the combustion process are discharged via an exhaust pipe leading from the combustion chamber and do not come into contact with the melt or the raw material.
  • the melt removed from the melting unit has a significantly reduced proportion of inorganic impurities compared to the melt of conventional bath melting processes, which further improves the homogeneity of the powder produced.
  • the melting furnace advantageously has an outlet opening into the atomization chamber for the melted material, which is provided with a heating device. With such an arrangement, cooling of the melt before the actual spraying is prevented, and it is it is also possible to atomize quickly solidifying materials such as glass.
  • the atomizer medium supplied to the atomizer device is adjustable in pressure and / or temperature.
  • the variation of the pressure leads to different shapes of the particles produced, the choice of temperature influences in particular the size of the particles.
  • a particularly advantageous atomizer device comprises one or more nozzles which are directed towards the liquid material present in the atomization chamber, for example in the form of a liquid jet of material.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved with a method for pulverizing materials with the features of claim 6.
  • the material is melted into a melt in a melting device and then the melted material is atomized by exposure to an atomizing medium, the material continuously being
  • the viscosity and / or the temperature of the melt as it emerges from the melting furnace is monitored continuously and / or at predetermined time intervals, and the temperature of the melt in the melting device and / or the pressure or the temperature of the atomizing medium are set in accordance with the measured parameters ,
  • the material is melted in a melting unit of the melting device.
  • fuel and oxygen are added within a range assigned to the melting unit Combustion chamber set a predetermined temperature profile that creates optimal conditions for the respective material or powder.
  • the temperature profile can be changed flexibly and quickly and adapted accordingly.
  • the atomizing device can expediently be operated with gas, liquid and / or liquid gas.
  • gas When used with gas, argon, nitrogen or helium in particular are considered as inert inert media; water, for example, can be used as the liquid atomizing medium.
  • liquid gas When using liquid gas as an atomizing medium, liquid nitrogen is recommended, which has good cooling properties and is also an inert gas.
  • the use of the device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention for the production of glass powder is particularly advantageous.
  • the jetting of glass - if suitable parameters are selected in the melting device and / or the atomizing device - can be used to produce at least approximately spherical glass particles which are also very homogeneous in terms of their composition and size.
  • Such glass particles can be used particularly advantageously, for example, on reflective surfaces or colors.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically the structure of a device according to the invention for pulverizing materials, in particular glass, in cross section.
  • the device 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a melting furnace 2 for melting glass, which, however, is fundamentally also suitable for melting other, metallic or non-metallic materials, as well as a spraying device 3.
  • the melting furnace 2 comprises an essentially tubular, vertically operated melting unit 4 which is essentially concentric inside one cylindrical combustion chamber 5 is added. On its upper end face, the melting unit 4 is provided with an addition opening 6 for feeding materials to be melted. In order to enable continuous operation of the melting furnace 2, a lock arrangement 7 is placed in front of the feed opening 6. Through the lock arrangement 7 new raw material 17 can be continuously supplied without the thermal or chemical conditions within the melting unit 4 by penetrating outside air and. the like. be disturbed sustainably.
  • the melting unit 4 has an outlet opening for draining off the melt produced in the melting unit 4.
  • an outlet nozzle 8 made of a highly thermally conductive and chemically inert material, such as platinum, which is thermally bonded to a heating device 9.
  • the wall 11 of the melting unit 4 consists of a heat-resistant and gas-tight, for example ceramic or metallic material.
  • the material used is determined by the type and composition of the substance to be melted down; in particular, the material of the wall 11 should be such that it does not react as much as possible with the melt formed in the interior of the melting unit 4.
  • the wall 13 of the combustion chamber 5 is at least on their
  • a fuel feed 14 for gaseous fuel, for example natural gas, and a plurality of injection nozzles 15 for oxygen are passed through the wall 13.
  • the injection nozzles 15 are arranged all around at regular angular intervals and in several rows one above the other.
  • a gas discharge line 16 is provided to discharge the exhaust gas formed during the combustion.
  • the fuel introduced through the fuel feed 14 is burned with the oxygen added through the injection nozzles 15.
  • the from the Injection nozzles 15 of a quantity of oxygen supplied can in each case be set separately, with an overall quantity of oxygen corresponding to the stoichiometric conditions being supplied. This procedure enables the setting of a temperature profile advantageous for the melting process over the height of the melting unit 4.
  • the atomization device 3 comprises a atomization chamber 22, within which an atomizer device 23 with a plurality of gas nozzles arranged concentrically around the longitudinal axis of the atomization chamber 22 is arranged.
  • the gas nozzles are fluidly connected via a feed line 24 to a gas supply, not shown here.
  • the gas stream flowing through the feed line 24 can be tempered by means of a heating device 25.
  • a material as raw material 17 is continuously fed to the melting unit 4 via the lock 7, which is melted up to the level of a melting level 19 by the heat generated in the combustion chamber 5.
  • the melting level is about 2/3 of the total height of the melting unit 4.
  • the head space 18 defined by the space between the addition opening 6 and the melting level 19 is completely or partially filled with raw material 17 which is in the state of melting, that is still solid components having.
  • the melted material is fed to the atomization device 3 and leaves the outlet nozzle 8 in the form of a liquid material flow which falls approximately along the longitudinal axis of the atomization chamber 22.
  • the material stream is acted upon by a gas stream flowing out of the concentrically arranged gas nozzles of the atomizing device 23 and thereby atomized into small liquid particles.
  • the atomization chamber 22, which is almost completely closed, ensures that the atomization process is largely external is kept free. In particular, the use of an inert gas is recommended when atomizing metals.
  • Atomization device 23 to be arranged spatially in the immediate vicinity of the outlet opening 8.
  • the toughness and temperature of the melt emerging from the outlet opening 8 is continuously measured by means of a measuring device 27 and, depending on these parameters, both the temperature profile along the melting unit and the temperature and / or the pressure of the gas supplied to the atomizing device 23 are adjusted in order to achieve the Powder manufacturing to maintain optimal conditions.
  • the suitable temperature profile for this is empirically determined in test series before starting production.
  • the particles produced in this way have an essentially spherical shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Abstract

Les installations de pulvérisation correspondant à l'état de la technique, utilisées pour la production de poudres, sont habituellement alimentées, pour la pulvérisation, l'une après l'autre en matière liquide, à partir d'au moins un creuset. Etant donné les différentes conditions ambiantes régnant pendant la fonte de la matière ou pendant le transport de la matière en fusion, à l'intérieur du creuset ou des différents creusets, la poudre produite présente des caractéristiques qui sont peu homogènes. Selon l'invention, un dispositif servant à faire fondre en continu une matière est monté en amont d'une installation de pulvérisation. Un tel dispositif est, de préférence, un dispositif correspondant à WO 97/05440. Grâce à l'invention, l'homogénéité de la poudre produite par pulvérisation est sensiblement améliorée. L'installation selon l'invention permet non seulement la pulvérisation d'une matière métallique mais également la production de poudres non métalliques, en particulier de poudres de verre.
EP02719848A 2001-02-17 2002-02-15 Dispositif et procede pour pulveriser des matieres, en particulier du verre Withdrawn EP1362212A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10107553A DE10107553A1 (de) 2001-02-17 2001-02-17 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Pulverisieren von Werkstoffen, insbesondere Gläsern
DE10107553 2001-02-17
PCT/EP2002/001626 WO2002066914A1 (fr) 2001-02-17 2002-02-15 Dispositif et procede pour pulveriser des matieres, en particulier du verre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1362212A1 true EP1362212A1 (fr) 2003-11-19

Family

ID=7674454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02719848A Withdrawn EP1362212A1 (fr) 2001-02-17 2002-02-15 Dispositif et procede pour pulveriser des matieres, en particulier du verre

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040140380A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1362212A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10107553A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002066914A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10353410A1 (de) * 2003-11-15 2005-06-23 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Schmelzvorrichtung
CN110919018B (zh) * 2019-12-23 2023-02-28 安徽旭晶粉体新材料科技有限公司 一种用于铜合金粉生产用净水雾化装置
CN113830999A (zh) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-24 苏州大学 一种合成球形石英粉的装置和方法
CN115837468B (zh) * 2023-02-23 2023-05-05 天津市生态环境科学研究院(天津市环境规划院、天津市低碳发展研究中心) 一种快速凝固金属粉末的生产设备

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US3294511A (en) * 1959-04-06 1966-12-27 Selas Corp Of America Apparatus for forming glass beads
JPS5857374B2 (ja) * 1975-08-20 1983-12-20 日本板硝子株式会社 繊維の製造方法
US5120352A (en) * 1983-06-23 1992-06-09 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for making alloy powder
US5263689A (en) * 1983-06-23 1993-11-23 General Electric Company Apparatus for making alloy power
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US4877436A (en) * 1989-03-13 1989-10-31 Sheinkop Isac Continuous viscosity monitoring of glass
US4999051A (en) * 1989-09-27 1991-03-12 Crucible Materials Corporation System and method for atomizing a titanium-based material
US5366206A (en) * 1993-12-17 1994-11-22 General Electric Company Molten metal spray forming atomizer
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JPH1029830A (ja) * 1996-07-15 1998-02-03 Kubota Corp 細片状鉱物質原料の製造方法
US6773246B2 (en) * 1996-11-19 2004-08-10 Tsao Chi-Yuan A. Atomizing apparatus and process
AT408437B (de) * 2000-02-22 2001-11-26 Holderbank Financ Glarus Einrichtung zum zerstäuben von flüssigen schmelzen
AT408881B (de) * 2000-07-07 2002-03-25 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklg Vorrichtung zum zerstäuben und granulieren von flüssigen schlacken

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO02066914A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040140380A1 (en) 2004-07-22
WO2002066914A1 (fr) 2002-08-29
DE10107553A1 (de) 2002-09-05

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