EP1360040A2

EP1360040A2 - Spanner

Info

Publication number: EP1360040A2
Application number: EP02708316A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gernot Hirse
Original assignee: Knipex Werk C Gustav Putsch KG
Current assignee: Knipex Werk C Gustav Putsch KG
Priority date: 2001-02-08
Filing date: 2002-01-26
Publication date: 2003-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 2022-01-26
Also published as: WO2002062533A2; WO2002062533A3; DE10105653C1; US7044033B2; US20040129117A1; AU2002242695A1; EP1360040B1; ES2284826T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a spanner for hexagonal shaped objects (5), comprising an upper and lower jaw (1 or 2), which are respectively connected in a single-piece to the limb of a handle (4 or 3). Both jaws (1, 2) are connected together in a pivoting manner in a length-adjustable single joint (6). The upper jaw (1) comprises a flat, smooth clamping surface (9) and a stop (10). The lower jaw (2) comprises a curved convex, flat clamping cam surface (11), which lies adjacent to a respectively associated lower flank surface (12) for all hexagonal objects (5) of all wrench sizes which are to be accommodated.

Description

collet

The invention relates to a collet for hexagonal objects with ^' an upper and a lower jaw, which are each integrally connected to a handle leg, the jaws are pivotally connected to each other in a longitudinally adjustable trade.

Such collets are known as so-called water pump pliers with a toothed surface (DE 199 30 367 AI) and as so-called armature pliers with smooth clamping surfaces in different embodiments. The lower jaw as well as the upper jaw has two at an angle of 120 °. surfaces arranged to each other, so that hexagon objects, in particular nuts, screw heads or union nuts of pipe fittings can be accommodated between the upper and lower pliers jaws. Opposing corners of the hexagon object are each at the deepest point of the two jaws of the pliers, the surfaces of which are arranged at 120 ° to one another and abut adjacent flank surfaces of the hexagon object.

The length-adjustable version of the trades, the at least two, but in most cases several Relative positions of the two jaws allows the inclusion of hexagon objects with different wrench sizes.

However, an exact recording of a hexagon object with the system of • the two pliers jaws on four flank surfaces of the hexagon object is only guaranteed if the definable positions of the longitudinally adjustable trade are selected so that the two pliers jaws are aligned parallel to each other when the respective hexagon object is being recorded. For all other hexagon objects with different widths across flats, the pliers jaws are not aligned parallel to one another, so that only the two surfaces of one of the two pliers jaws, usually the upper pliers jaw, come to rest properly on adjacent flank surfaces of the hexagon object, while the other pliers jaw without a flat surface in an undefined manner Way against the hexagon object. A self-locking _. It is not effective; the clamping force 'with which the hexagon object is held between the jaws of the jaws must rather be applied by the user by hand using a forceps effect by using the two handle legs! compresses. For this purpose, both handle legs must be sufficiently rigid and their angular position in each position of use must be such that the required clamping force can be applied by hand.

For valve pliers, the smooth clamping surfaces

(DE 195.18 555. C2), the hexagon object is only clamped by the hand-operated one Closing force and not under self-locking effect. This handshake is sufficient, because the hexagonal objects in the fittings concerned here are only screwed against elastic sealing material. These valve tongs often have a tooth trade that can be adjusted in small steps.

With a known pipe wrench provided with toothed clamping surfaces (US 6 026 714), which has an upper jaw with a flat clamping surface and a stop and a lower jaw with a convexly curved clamping cam surface, self-locking can only be achieved by the fact that the individual Teeth formed, very short clamping surfaces meet the prerequisite for self-locking that the respective pivot point of the trade is perpendicular to the tooth surface engaging the hexagon object. However, since this self-locking condition is only fulfilled for the individual tooth that ^' attacks directly on a corner of the hexagon object, the entire

Resilience over this single tooth in immediate. Transfer near the corner of the hexagon object. The occurring ^' high local stress leads to damage to the hexagon object if a higher torque is applied and / or the hexagon object consists of material of low strength ^' . With hexagon objects with rounded corners, self-clamping is no longer possible and another _. Rounding and damage to the hexagon object inevitable. A self-clamping effect occurs with such pipe wrenches as well as with toothed water pump pliers only via the teeth and depending on the respective corner formation of the hexagon object only accidentally and not reliably. Therefore, there is a risk that the pliers slip off, and that ^'there will be injuries and accidents.

Hexagon objects with rounded corners, e.g. damaged nuts or

Screw heads are further damaged by the slipping pliers and are therefore unusable. The teeth of the clamping surfaces of the pliers cut additional material at the corners of the hexagon objects. The pliers slide off completely. This damaging effect is increased by the fact that to achieve a higher ^'torque increased clamping force is applied to the pliers. Due to the severe damage ^'of the hexagonal object can no longer even with a self-clamping chuck or with a matching rigid jaw keys are released.

With a known. Collet with smooth clamping surfaces aligned parallel to each other, the lower, movable clamping jaw is slidably guided relative to the 'upper clamping jaw rigidly connected to its grip part. A second handle portion is mounted in a longitudinally adjustable commercial toothing and has an With ^'acceptance on cam, which engages the längsverschiebbareh lower clamping jaw. This known collet consists of more than three mutually movable. Sharing and is therefore of relatively complex Structure and therefore expensive to manufacture. With this collet, self-clamping is achieved with a force applied to the flank surfaces of the hexagon object, but only with the high effort described. In addition, adjustability of the trade with a narrow division is required.

In addition, self-clamping wrenches for hexagonal objects are known (US Pat. No. 4,651,597), in which a lower, convexly curved clamping surface, with a self-clamping effect, the hexagonal object against the clamping surface of the upper one. Clamping jaw presses. This upper jaw is not connected to a handle leg, its mounting on the lower jaw is not longitudinally adjustable, so that it can only be adapted to different sized hexagon objects. by changing the swivel position of the upper jaw - can be done. This limits the area of application; a pincer-like insert is excluded due to the lack of a second handle leg connected to the upper jaw.

The object of the invention is therefore to design a collet of the type mentioned in such a way that in a large range of hexagon objects different

Widths across flats ensure a defined mounting between the collet jaws and there is a self-locking effect in the entire area of application, so that the collet function is only required to open and close the collet. In particular, the

Attack of the collet on the hexagon object with smooth clamping surfaces, ie without the use of teeth, be self-locking. The self-locking effect should not be accidental or depending on the corner design of the Seshskant object. The pressure required to transmit the torque should only be applied to the flank surfaces of the

Hexagon object. And not on its corners. The collet should be quickly adjustable and should only be opened so far when ratcheting that it can still be gripped by hand. As with a ratchet wrench, it should be possible to grasp in 60 ° steps. The adjustment options of the collet should overlap the entire size range of hexagon objects. In. An increase in the torque is said to result in an increasingly stronger self-locking effect.

This complex task, in which all ^• sub-tasks are indispensable, is solved by a collet of the type mentioned at the beginning, which according to the invention has the following features:

a) the ^' upper jaw has a flat, smooth clamping surface and a stop ^' ; b) the swivel axis of the trade is in the narrowest position of the collet approximately on a straight line that at the inner corner point of the flank surface adjacent to the clamping surface _. is perpendicular to the exciting hexagon object on the plane of the clamping surface; c) the lower jaw has a convex, smooth clamping cam surface; d) the points of attack of the clamping cam surface for hexagon objects all have an increasing key width in> the front half of the respectively assigned lower flank surface of the hexagon object to be clamped.

This ensures that hexagon objects with wrench widths that differ in a large area are each picked up and clamped in basically the same way, namely by the convexly curved clamping surface of the lower jaw of the pliers pressing on a flank surface of the hexagon object and thereby flattening it with two opposite flanks System is pressed against the clamping surface of the upper jaw. When applying one

Torque on the hexagon object creates a self-locking effect, so that essentially only the outer handle leg connected to the lower jaw of the pliers serves to transmit the torque, so that only this handle leg has to be designed to be sufficiently rigid. The other, inner handle leg connected to the upper jaw of the pliers can be made much lighter and thinner, even from lighter material, such as plastic or sheet metal, since it only serves to open and close the collet.

The smooth design of the clamping surface ensures that the pressure forces applied to apply the torque only act on the flank surfaces and not on the corners of the hexagon object. Damage to the hexagon object, especially its corners, or a This prevents the collet from slipping, resulting in an accident. The collet is of simple construction and therefore inexpensive to manufacture.- The collet consists of only two moving parts. Even when designing the collet for a wide size range of hexagon objects, the collet head remains small. The pliers can therefore also be used in confined spaces.

^' The terms "inside" and "outside" refer to the jaw opening of the collet.

According to a preferred embodiment of the Erfindμng is provided _/ that the upper jaw between the stop and the adjustable single joint has a hexagon about the area of the largest beyond to exciting hexagonal object recess.

This ensures that the collet only has to be opened slightly in order to be brought into the next clamping position on the hexagon object after a twisting step. This enables a ratchet-like movement of the collet on the hexagon object.

Further advantageous configurations of the ^'

The concept of the invention is the subject of further subclaims.

An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below, which is shown in the drawing. It shows ^' :

1 - 6. a collet in different attack positions on hexagon objects of different widths across flats,

7 and 8 consecutive steps when changing from the. 6 and

Fig. 9 the application of the collet to one

Hexagon object placed close to a wall.

The collet shown in the drawing has an upper jaw 1 and a lower jaw 2. The use of the terms "upper" and "lower" here refers to the usual use of such a collet, as shown in Figs. 1-9, in which a user holds the collet with his right hand to point to it each 'recorded hexagon object 5 to exert a torque in a clockwise direction.

The lower jaw 2 is connected to a first handle leg 3. The upper jaw 1 is connected to a second handle leg 4.

The two jaws 1 and 2 are pivotally connected to one another in a conventional longitudinally adjustable trade 6. Such longitudinally adjustable trades are common with water pump pliers or fitting pliers.

She. have, for example, as in the illustrated embodiment, a cylindrical, one-sided flattened industrial spigot 7, which is longitudinally displaceable in a slot 8 of the other commercial part, the collet is fully open. For this purpose, the slotted slot 8 consists of a plurality of cylindrical bores which overlap one another and have a bore diameter corresponding to the commercial pin 7. In the respective clamping position, the industrial pin 7 can be pivoted in one of the bores of the slot 8, but is non-displaceably received in the longitudinal direction of the slot, as is shown in all FIGS. 1-9.

In addition, so-called superimposed adjustable trades in water pump pliers are known and can also be used in a corresponding manner in the collet shown, in particular if higher forces are to be absorbed. The direction of adjustment of the longitudinally adjustable trade 6, which has at least two positions, in the illustrated embodiment three positions, runs here, for example, under ^'

■ an angle A of approximately 60 ° to the clamping surface 9 (Fig..5).

The upper jaw 1 has a flat smooth clamping surface 9 and a stop 10, for example in-the form of a to ^'bent through 120 ° abutment surface on. The. In the narrowest position of the collet, the pivot axis 6a of the trade 6 lies approximately on a straight line 6b, which is perpendicular to the plane of the clamping surface 9 at the inner corner point 9a of the edge of the hexagon resting on the clamping surface 9. The lower jaw 2 has a convex smooth surface Clamping cam surface 11 on the hexagon objects 5 of all wrench sizes to be recorded on the respectively assigned lower one 12 is present, as can be seen from the illustration in FIGS. 1-6 and 9. The points 12a of the charge cam surface 11 will be hexagonal objects 5 of all The male Widths in the front half of the respectively associated flank surface 12 of the hexagonal object 5. This ^■ results from the fact that the points 12a of the charge cam surface 11 for hexagonal objects 5 of all The male key width between two straight lines 12b, 12c, which form an angle B1 or B2 of approximately 53 ° to -67 ° in the inner corner point 9a with the clamping surface 9.

As a result, the hexagon object 5 in each case received, for example a nut, a screw head or a union nut of a pipe screw connection, with its flank surface 13 opposite the flank surface 12 against the clamping surface 9 of the upper jaw 1

• pressed. The flank surface 14 lies against the stop 10.

A bulge 11a adjoins the commercial side behind the convexly curved clamping cam surface 11 of the lower jaw 2. This ensures that the collet grips without excessive opening of the collet, ie the two handle legs 3 and 4 only need to be opened so far that they can still be held comfortably with one hand. The self-locking effect of the collet is given by the fact that in all positions of the trade 6 the pivot axis 6a determined by the axis, the trade pin 7, lies on a straight line 6b, which lies at the inner corner point 9a of the edge of the hexagon surface 10 resting on the clamping surface 9 is perpendicular to the plane of the clamping surface 9. Despite the longitudinal adjustment possibility of the trade 6, these self-clamping conditions of the collet are retained.

The upper jaw 1 has between its stop surface 10 and the adjustable trade 6 a recess 16 extending beyond the hexagonal surface of the largest hexagonal 5 to be accommodated (shown in FIG. 6). As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, this recess 16 makes it easier to grasp the collet if, starting from the clamping position shown in FIG. 6, the next corner of the hexagonal object 5- is to be received between the two clamping surfaces 9 and 10.

As can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. 6, in which the largest hexagon object 5 to be picked up is shown, the upper pliers jaw 1 only extends approximately to the middle of the flank surface 13 of the largest hexagon object 5 to be picked up against the front clamping surface 9 excessive opening of the collet facilitated. The lower pliers jaw 2 does not protrude beyond the convexly curved clamping cam surface 11, with which the lower pliers jaw 2 rests on the flank surface 12. It is advantageous that the lower jaw 2 does not have a boundary line G projects from the outermost corner point 5a of the hexagon perpendicular to the plane of the clamping surface 9

Both pliers jaws 1 and 2 are therefore very short in comparison to conventional water pump pliers, without the clamping action on a hexagon object 5 being impaired thereby. This has the advantage that the collet can also be used on a hexagon object 5 if there is a wall 17 or another obstacle in the immediate vicinity of this hexagon object 5, as shown in FIG. 9. 9 shows the collet at the beginning of a rotary movement of the hexagon object 5 in the clockwise direction. It can be seen that the upper jaw 1 does not protrude beyond the flank surface 18 of the hexagon object 5 facing the wall 17. The collet is then partially shown in FIG. 9 at the end of a rotary movement by 60 °, so that it can be seen that the wall 17 does not interfere either.

It is advantageous that the distance Dl of the outer boundary surface 4a of the connected to the upper Zangeribacke 1 Griffschenkeis 4 to the pivot axis of the pivot axis 6b for engagement point 12a ^'6a of the sector 6 are identical ^or' less than the distance D2 of the clamping cam surface. 11

Claims

Collet claims

1. Collet for hexagonal objects with an upper and a lower wrench jaw, which are respectively integrally connected to a handle limb, wherein the jaws are pivotally connected together in a längsverstel ^'lbaren Industry, having the features:

a) the upper jaw (1) has a flat smooth clamping surface (9) and a stop (10); b) the pivot axis (6a) of the trade (6) is approximately in the narrowest position of the collet

Straight line (6b) which is perpendicular to the plane of the clamping surface (9) at the inner corner point (9a) of the flank surface of the hexagon object (5) which is to be clamped against the clamping surface (9); c) the lower jaw (2) has a convex, smooth clamping cam surface (11); d) the points (12a) of the clamping cam surface (11) are supplied with hexagonal objects (5) of all The male ^'Widths in the front half of the respectively associated lower flank fl surface (12) of. to exciting hexagonal object (5).

2. _S pannzange according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting of the at least two runs in _S SETUP longitudinally adjustable sector (6) under a _W inkel (A) of approximately 60 ° to the rake face (9) ^'.

3. Collet according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper jaw (1) between the stop (10) and the adjustable trade (6) over the hexagonal surface of the largest to be clamped

Hexagonal object (5) extending recess (16) ..

4. Collet according to claim 1, characterized _/ that behind the convex curved cam surface

(11) a bulge (Ha) connects on the commercial side.

5. Collet according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper jaw (1) extends only up to approximately the middle of the flank surface (13) adjacent to the clamping surface (9) of the largest hexagon object (5) to be clamped.

6. Collet according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower jaw (2) does not protrude beyond the convexly curved clamping surface (11).

7. Collet according to claim 1, characterized in that the points of attack (12a) of the clamping cam surface (11) in hexagon objects (5) of all wrench sizes to be recorded are between two straight lines (12b, 12c). in the inner corner (9a) with the clamping surface (9) an angle (Bl, B2) _. from about 53 ° to 67 ° ^' .

8. tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower jaw (2) does not protrude beyond a boundary line (G) from the outermost corner point (5a) of the to be clamped

Hexagon object (5) perpendicular to the plane of the clamping surface (9) - runs.

9. Clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (D) of the outer interface (4a) ^' of the handle leg (4) connected to the upper jaw (1) to the pivot axis (6a) of the trade (6) is equal to or smaller than is the distance (D2) of the pivot axis (6b) to the point of application (12a) of the clamping cam surface (11).