EP0228032B1 - Pliers-type hand tool - Google Patents

Pliers-type hand tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0228032B1
EP0228032B1 EP86117597A EP86117597A EP0228032B1 EP 0228032 B1 EP0228032 B1 EP 0228032B1 EP 86117597 A EP86117597 A EP 86117597A EP 86117597 A EP86117597 A EP 86117597A EP 0228032 B1 EP0228032 B1 EP 0228032B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hand tool
pliers
tool according
gripping
arms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86117597A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0228032A3 (en
EP0228032A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Kern
Gerhard Bayer
Johannes Solf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SWG Schraubenwerk Gaisbach GmbH
Original Assignee
SWG Schraubenwerk Gaisbach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SWG Schraubenwerk Gaisbach GmbH filed Critical SWG Schraubenwerk Gaisbach GmbH
Priority to AT86117597T priority Critical patent/ATE53952T1/en
Publication of EP0228032A2 publication Critical patent/EP0228032A2/en
Publication of EP0228032A3 publication Critical patent/EP0228032A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0228032B1 publication Critical patent/EP0228032B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G1/00—Handle constructions
    • B25G1/10—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape
    • B25G1/102—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape the shape being specially adapted to facilitate handling or improve grip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G1/00—Handle constructions
    • B25G1/10—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape
    • B25G1/12—Handle constructions characterised by material or shape electrically insulating material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pliers-shaped hand tool with two legs connected by a joint, which cooperate or have jaws in one end region thereof, the legs being designed as a handle leg on the other side of the joint.
  • a pliers-like hand tool of this type is already known (DE-U 7 525 115). These can be combination pliers, flat pliers, round pliers, flat round pliers, cable pliers, side cutters, etc. In the known tool, the side flanks of both grip legs lie in two mutually parallel planes. This means that the grip legs have the same width everywhere.
  • a plier-shaped hand tool (DE-A1 3 019 734) in which a head part which acts as a hand protection is provided with a plurality of ribs which run approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis and between which narrow channels are formed.
  • the side flanks of the handle legs diverge in the direction from the joint to the free end of the handle legs. This is to achieve a better distribution of the forces when closing the pliers.
  • a hand tool (FR-A 2 315 294) is also known, in which plastic covers can be pushed onto the metallic handle legs.
  • the side flanks of the handle legs run parallel to each other here.
  • the invention has for its object to form a pliers-like tool, in particular a pair of pliers, in such a way that it fits comfortably in the hand even with different activities and the adaptation of the grip legs to the anatomy and anthropometry of the human hand is retained.
  • the side flanks of the grip legs in the region of the index finger and thumb position have channel-like indentations forming a bed for the thumb or index finger, the longitudinal axes of which extend essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pliers. In this way, it becomes possible to hold the pliers on a grip leg with the thumb and index finger base member during the opening process or in the open state without having to change the grip.
  • the trough-shaped indentations do not run exactly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pliers, but slightly obliquely at an angle of, for example, between 15 ° and 20 ° inwards and upwards, ie in the direction of the mouth of the pliers. This makes handling even cheaper, since this corresponds to the inclination of the natural arrangement of the fingers when handling the pliers.
  • both side flanks of a handle can form an angle of 4 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the handle.
  • the thickest point of the handle leg can lie immediately before the beginning of the indentation. This divergence of the side flanks takes into account the fact that the index finger, which is longer than the little finger, has a longer wrap area.
  • the outer contour of the handle leg between the indentation and the joint is widened outwards.
  • This extension which is known per se, serves not only to prevent sliding, but in particular to better position the pliers in the joint area between the thumb and index finger.
  • the extension can serve as a gag-like contact surface if the pliers are to perform a rotary movement about its longitudinal axis.
  • the side flanks of the grip legs have profiled gripping fields in the region of the indentation.
  • the side flanks are bevelled in the region of their inner edges directed towards one another.
  • This bevel which is preferably straight in cross section, can serve to facilitate the opening of the tool with the fingertips of the little finger.
  • the inclined surfaces formed by the bevel preferably run at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the side flanks.
  • the outer contour of the handle legs between the indentation and its end follows the shape of an ellipse or an oval, for example.
  • the cross section through the handle legs is preferably oval or elliptically rounded on the outside of the handle legs.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 An embodiment of the tool proposed by the invention is the combination pliers shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It contains two legs 11 which are connected to one another by means of a swivel joint 12. On one side of the joint 12, the two legs 11 each form a jaw 13, which together form the mouth of the combination pliers. On the opposite side of the joint 12, the legs 11 are designed as grip legs 14.
  • the handle legs 14 each contain a plastic, hand-adapted insulation 15.
  • the outer contour 16 is convexly curved outwards, for example in the manner of the flat side of an ellipse or an oval.
  • the major axis of the ellipse runs in the longitudinal axis of the pliers.
  • their outer contour 16 thus widens and then narrows again.
  • the outer contour then widens from a point 17 of the smallest width, so that gag-like widenings 18 are formed.
  • the widenings 18 are limited in the direction of the mouth of the pliers by an end face 19 which extends in a straight line obliquely to the longitudinal axis at an angle of approximately 15 to 20 ° .
  • the slope is chosen so that the two end faces 19 converge from the outside inwards towards the mouth of the pliers.
  • the jaws 13 form two parallel surfaces 20 in their front area, so that flat-nose pliers are formed in this area. Then there are two ribbed rounded recesses 21, with the aid of which the combination pliers can enclose and rotate a cylindrical part, for example like a water pump pliers.
  • the side flanks 23 of the two handle legs 14 which are visible in a top view in FIG. 1 are chamfered in the region of their mutually facing longitudinal edges 24, the width of the chamfer being different in size over the length of the handle legs 14.
  • the bevel forms inclined surfaces 25 which have an inclination of approximately 45 ° with respect to the flat side flanks 23 of the handle legs 14. These inclined surfaces 25 are said to favor the opening of the finger grip leg with the fingertips.
  • the shape of the handle legs is adapted to the natural curvature of the hand skeleton.
  • the side flanks 29 of the grip legs 14 have indentations or depressions 26 in their area facing the joint 12 of the pliers, which are approximately channel-shaped with a rounded cross section.
  • the deepest point of the indentations 26 is represented by the line 27 shown in FIG. 1.
  • This line 27 and thus the longitudinal direction of the indentations 26 run parallel to the delimitation surfaces 19 of the gag-like widenings 18.
  • the longitudinal directions of the indentations run obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pliers, the indentations 26 of both grip legs 14 opening from the outside inwards in the direction the jaws of the pliers converge.
  • the deviation in the longitudinal direction is approximately 15 to 20 ° with respect to a perpendicular on the longitudinal axis of the pliers.
  • the light wedge shape of the combination pliers takes into account the fact that the index finger, which is longer than the little finger, has a longer wrap area.
  • the side flanks 23 are widened until just before the indentation 26, so that the grip legs 14 have their thickest point directly in front of the indentation 26. At most, the limitation of the gag-like widenings 18 could be even thicker.
  • the indentations 26 serve to form a bed for the thumb on the front of the thigh, while they serve as a bed for the index finger on the back of the back of the leg. This ensures that the pliers can be held between the index finger base and thumb end link when gripping and grasping, i.e. during the opening process of the four fingers, so that the pliers are constantly in the same position during opening and closing Hand can be held. To these favorable coupling conditions even with disturbing influences such as dirt, moisture, grease or the like. To ensure, profiled gripping fields 30 are applied in the region of the indentations 26, see FIG. 1. These gripping fields 30 only extend on the front and rear, i.e. that is, in the side flanks 23 of the legs, but not in the outer contour 16.
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged cross section through a handle leg 14 approximately along line 111-111 in Fig. 1.
  • the metal leg of the pliers is completely surrounded by the plastic insulation 15, so that the user has a pleasant warm feeling.
  • the outer contour 31 of the cross section extends from the side flanks 23, which are rectilinear in cross section, to the second side flank 23, which is again rectilinear, again rounded in the outer contour 16 of the handle leg 14.
  • the oblique surfaces 25, which are rectilinear in cross section, are still relatively narrow.
  • the inner side 32 again runs in a straight line and parallel to the outer contour 16.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section corresponding to FIG. 3 at approximately the line IV-IV in FIG. 2.
  • the thickness of the handle leg or the insulation 15 is already somewhat smaller, so that the distance between the side flanks 23 is less.
  • the sloping surfaces 25 have their greatest width in this area.
  • the inside 32 of the handle leg 14 is the narrowest.
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section through the handle leg 14 in the region of the end 28, approximately along the line V-V in Fig. 2.
  • the inclined surfaces 25 decrease in width again, so that the side flanks 23 become larger again.
  • the thickness of the handle leg is even smaller.
  • FIG. 6 shows a broad side view of a side cutter corresponding to FIG. 1.
  • the handle shape is unchanged from the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4, the only change is the shape of the legs 11 outside the handle legs 14 and the type of jaw of the pliers.
  • the jaws of the pliers are designed as standard side cutters.
  • a screw 33 with a hexagon socket is screwed into a recess of the one handle leg and comes to rest on a counter surface 34 when the pliers are opened. This provides a stop for the opening movement of the pliers, which can also be adjusted using a hexagon key.
  • Fig. 7 shows how the combination pliers proposed by the invention is in the hand of a user. It can be seen that the thumb 35 lies in the indentation 26 on the front of the one handle leg, while the index finger 36 with its base member lies in the indentation 26 on the opposite side of the same handle leg 14. In this position, the pliers can be opened and closed without having to be released.
  • the combination pliers shown are universal hand tools that can be used for various applications. This universality is weakened by special shapes of the jaws for special applications.
  • the grip leg shape proposed by the invention is also valid for the following jaw cross-sections, the list not being exhaustive: flat, flat-round, round, semi-oval, hollow, pointed and for the combinations of these jaw cross-sections.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Abstract

In order to ergonomically optimize the hand side of combination pliers, whose gripping arms in each case form a mouth jaw on their ends and are in operative connection by means of a joint in such a way that in the case of different activities with the pliers the adaptation of the gripping arms to the anatomy and anthropometry of the human hand is retained, it is proposed that the gripping arms face one another elliptically in the plane thereof and that in the vicinity of the coupling surface to the hand the gripping arms have an elliptical cross-section.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein zangenförmiges Handwerkzeug mit zwei durch ein Gelenk verbundenen Schenkeln, die in ihrem einen Endbereich mit Maulbacken zusammenwirken bzw. diese aufweisen, wobei die Schenkel jenseits des Gelenks als Griffschenkel ausgebildet sind.The invention relates to a pliers-shaped hand tool with two legs connected by a joint, which cooperate or have jaws in one end region thereof, the legs being designed as a handle leg on the other side of the joint.

Es ist bereits ein zangenartiges Handwerkzeug dieser Art bekannt (DE-U 7 525 115). Es kann sich dabei um Kombinationszangen, Flachzangen, Rundzangen, Flachrundzangen, Kabelzangen, Seitenschneider usw. handeln. Bei dem bekannten Werkzeug liegen die Seitenflanken beider Griffschenkel in zwei zueinander parallelen Ebenen. Dies bedeutet, daß die Griffschenkel überall die gleiche Breite aufweisen.A pliers-like hand tool of this type is already known (DE-U 7 525 115). These can be combination pliers, flat pliers, round pliers, flat round pliers, cable pliers, side cutters, etc. In the known tool, the side flanks of both grip legs lie in two mutually parallel planes. This means that the grip legs have the same width everywhere.

Weiterhin bekannt ist ein zangenförmiges Handwerkzeug (DE-A1 3 019 734), bei dem ein als Handschutz wirksamer Kopfteil mit mehreren etwa quer zur Längsachse verlaufenden Rippen versehen ist, zwischen denen schmale Rinnen gebildet sind. Die Seitenflanken der Griffschenkel divergieren in Richtung von dem Gelenk auf das freie Ende der Griftschenkel. Damit soll eine bessere Verteilung der Kräfte beim Schließen der Zange erreicht werden.Also known is a plier-shaped hand tool (DE-A1 3 019 734) in which a head part which acts as a hand protection is provided with a plurality of ribs which run approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis and between which narrow channels are formed. The side flanks of the handle legs diverge in the direction from the joint to the free end of the handle legs. This is to achieve a better distribution of the forces when closing the pliers.

Ebenfalls bekannt ist ein Handwerkzeug (FR-A 2 315 294), bei dem auf die metallischen Griffschenkel Überzüge aus Kunststoff aufschiebbar sind. Die Seitenflanken der Griffschenkel verlaufen hier parallel zueinander.A hand tool (FR-A 2 315 294) is also known, in which plastic covers can be pushed onto the metallic handle legs. The side flanks of the handle legs run parallel to each other here.

Derartige Zangen werden zu unterschiedlichen Tätigkeiten benutzt. Die Einzeltätigkeiten hierbei sind:

  • - Halten
  • - Formen
  • - und Trennen
Such pliers are used for different activities. The individual activities are:
  • - Hold
  • - To form
  • - and disconnect

von Gegenständen oder Werkstoffen. Es ist unmittelbar einsehbar, daß bei formenden und trennenden Tätigkeiten größere Klemmkräfte notwendig sind als bei haltenden Tätigkeiten, die senkrecht auf die beiden Griffschenkelrücken aufgebracht werden müssen. Haltende und formende Tätigkeiten erfordern dann zusätzliche Krafteinleitung um und in Richtung der Zangenlängs- und Querachse. Bei ungünstig geformten Griffschenkein können hierbei extreme Druckspitzen im Innenhand- und Fingerbereich auftreten.of objects or materials. It is immediately apparent that larger clamping forces are necessary for forming and separating activities than for holding activities that must be applied vertically to the two backs of the handle. Holding and shaping activities then require additional force application around and in the direction of the longitudinal and transverse axis of the pliers. With unfavorably shaped handle legs, extreme pressure peaks can occur in the palm and finger area.

Haltende und formende Tätigkeiten erfordern zum Arbeitsfortschritt in der Regel ein häufiges Nach- und Umgreifen am Arbeitsgegenstand, wobei die Zange in Lage verbleiben soll, was an herkömmlichen Zangen nur erschwert möglich ist,..weil diese durch die Zugriffsbedingungen beim Offnen der Fingerglieder ihre Lage in der Hand verändern.Low-key and formative activities require for work progress is usually a frequent demand and embracing the labor subject, the forceps should remain in position, which is possible only with difficulty to conventional pliers, .. because these by the access conditions for the opening of the phalanges its location in change by hand.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein zangenartiges Werkzeug, insbesondere eine Zange, derart auszubilden, daß es auch bei unterschiedlichen Tätigkeiten gut in der Hand liegt und die Anpassung der Griffschenkel an die Anatomie und Anthropometrie der menschlichen Hand erhalten bleibt.The invention has for its object to form a pliers-like tool, in particular a pair of pliers, in such a way that it fits comfortably in the hand even with different activities and the adaptation of the grip legs to the anatomy and anthropometry of the human hand is retained.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß die Seitenflanken der Griffschenkel im Bereich der Zeigefinger- und Daumenlage rinnenartige, ein Bett für Daumen- bzw. Zeigefinger bildende Einbuchtungen aufweisen, deren Längsachsen im wesentlichen quer zur Zangenlängsachse verlaufen. Auf diese Weise wird es möglich, die Zange beim Öffnungsvorgang oder in geöffnetem Zustand mit Daumen- und Zeigefinger-Grundglied an einem Griffschenkel zu halten, ohne daß umgegriffen werden muß.To achieve this object, it is provided according to the invention that the side flanks of the grip legs in the region of the index finger and thumb position have channel-like indentations forming a bed for the thumb or index finger, the longitudinal axes of which extend essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pliers. In this way, it becomes possible to hold the pliers on a grip leg with the thumb and index finger base member during the opening process or in the open state without having to change the grip.

In Weiterbildung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die rinnenförmigen Einbuchtungen nicht exakt senkrecht zur Längsachse der Zange verlaufen, sondern leicht schräg unter einem Winkel von beispielsweise zwischen 15° und 20° nach innen und oben, d.h. in Richtung auf das Maul der Zange. Dadurch wird die Handhabung nochmals günstiger, da dies Schrägverlaufen der natürlichen Anordnung der Finger bei der Handhabung der Zange entspricht.In a further development it can be provided that the trough-shaped indentations do not run exactly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pliers, but slightly obliquely at an angle of, for example, between 15 ° and 20 ° inwards and upwards, ie in the direction of the mouth of the pliers. This makes handling even cheaper, since this corresponds to the inclination of the natural arrangement of the fingers when handling the pliers.

In Weiterbildung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Seitenflanken der Griffschenkel in Richtung des Mauls der Zange leicht divergieren. Beispielsweise können beide Seitenflanken eines Griffs gegenüber der Längsachse des Griffs einen Winkel von 4° bilden. Es kann erfindungsgemäß die dickste Stelle des Griffschenkels unmittelbar vor der beginnenden Einbuchtung liegen. Durch diese Divergenz der Seitenflanken wird berücksichtigt, daß der gegenüber dem kleinen Finger längere Zeigefinger eine längere Umschlingungsfläche hat.In a further development it can be provided that the side flanks of the grip legs diverge slightly in the direction of the jaws of the pliers. For example, both side flanks of a handle can form an angle of 4 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the handle. According to the invention, the thickest point of the handle leg can lie immediately before the beginning of the indentation. This divergence of the side flanks takes into account the fact that the index finger, which is longer than the little finger, has a longer wrap area.

Es kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, daß die Außenkontur der Griffschenkel zwischen der Einbuchtung und dem Gelenk nach außen erweitert ist. Diese an sich bekannte Erweiterung dient nicht nur dem Abgleitschutz, sondern insbesondere der besseren Anlage der Zange im Gelenkbereich zwischen Daumen und Zeigefinger. Darüber hinaus kann die Erweiterung als knebelartige Anlagefläche dienen, wenn mit der Zange eine Drehbewegung um ihre Längsachse durchgeführt werden soll.It can be provided according to the invention that the outer contour of the handle leg between the indentation and the joint is widened outwards. This extension, which is known per se, serves not only to prevent sliding, but in particular to better position the pliers in the joint area between the thumb and index finger. In addition, the extension can serve as a gag-like contact surface if the pliers are to perform a rotary movement about its longitudinal axis.

Um auch unter schwierigen Bedingungen, beispielsweise verschmutzten Händen oder verschmutztem Werkzeug, ein sicheres Halten der Zange in der richtigen Position zu ermöglichen, kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, daß die Seitenflanken der Griffschenkel im Bereich der Einbuchtung profilierte Greiffelder aufweisen.In order to enable the pliers to be held securely in the correct position even under difficult conditions, for example dirty hands or dirty tools, it can be provided according to the invention that the side flanks of the grip legs have profiled gripping fields in the region of the indentation.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Seitenflanken im Bereich ihrer aufeinander zu gerichteten Innenkanten abgeschrägt ausgebildet sind. Diese im Querschnitt vorzugsweise geradlinige Abschrägung kann dazu dienen, das Öffnen des Werkzeugs mit den Fingerkuppen des kleinen Fingers zu erleichtern. Vorzugsweise verlaufen die durch die Abschrägung gebildeten Schrägflächen unter einem Winkel von etwa 45° gegenüber den Seitenflanken.It can be provided that the side flanks are bevelled in the region of their inner edges directed towards one another. This bevel, which is preferably straight in cross section, can serve to facilitate the opening of the tool with the fingertips of the little finger. The inclined surfaces formed by the bevel preferably run at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the side flanks.

Zur Anpassung der Griffschenkel an die Innenseite der teilweise geschlossenen Hand kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Außenkontur der Griffschenkel zwischen der Einbuchtung und ihrem Ende der Form etwa einer Ellipse bzw. eines Ovals folgt.To adapt the handle legs to the inside of the partially closed hand, it can be provided that the outer contour of the handle legs between the indentation and its end follows the shape of an ellipse or an oval, for example.

Der Querschnitt durch die Griffschenkel ist an der Außenseite der Griffschenkel vorzugsweise oval oder elliptisch abgerundet.The cross section through the handle legs is preferably oval or elliptically rounded on the outside of the handle legs.

Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorzüge ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Hierbei zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Breitseitenansicht einer Kombizange nach der Erfindung;
  • Fig. 2 eine Schmalseitenansicht der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Zange;
  • Fig. 3 bis 5 vergrößerte Schnitte durch den Griffschenkel der Zange in Fig. 1 und 2;
  • Fig. 6 eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Breitseitenansicht eines Seitenschneiders nach der Erfindung;
  • Fig. 7 die Lage einer Kombizange in der Hand.
Further features, details and advantages result from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing. Here show:
  • Figure 1 is a broad side view of a combination pliers according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a narrow side view of the pliers shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figures 3 to 5 enlarged sections through the handle leg of the pliers in Figures 1 and 2.
  • 6 shows a broad side view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a side cutter according to the invention;
  • Fig. 7 the position of a pair of pliers in the hand.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel für das von der Erfindung vorgeschlagene Werkzeug ist die in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Kombizange. Sie enthält zwei Schenkel 11, die mit Hilfe eines Schwenkgelenks 12 miteinander verbunden sind. Auf der einen Seite des Gelenks 12 bilden die beiden Schenkel 11 je einen Maulbacken 13, die zusammen das Maul der Kombizange bilden. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Gelenks 12 sind die Schenkel 11 als Griffschenkel 14 ausgebildet. Die Griffschenkel 14 enthalten je eine aus Kunststoff bestehende, der Hand angepaßte Isolierung 15.An embodiment of the tool proposed by the invention is the combination pliers shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It contains two legs 11 which are connected to one another by means of a swivel joint 12. On one side of the joint 12, the two legs 11 each form a jaw 13, which together form the mouth of the combination pliers. On the opposite side of the joint 12, the legs 11 are designed as grip legs 14. The handle legs 14 each contain a plastic, hand-adapted insulation 15.

Die Außenkontur 16 verläuft in der dargestellten Breitseitenansicht konvex nach außen gebogen, etwa in Art der flachen Seite einer Ellipse oder eines Ovals. Die große Achse der Ellipse verläuft in der Längsachse der Zange. Ausgehend vom freien Ende der Griffschenkel 14 erweitert sich also deren Außenkontur 16 und verschmälert sich anschließend wieder. Von einer Stelle 17 kleinster Breite erweitert sich dann die Außenkontur wieder, so daß knebelartige Verbreiterungen 18 gebildet sind. Die Verbreiterungen 18 sind in Richtung auf das Maul der Zange durch eine Abschlußfläche 19 begrenzt, die geradlinig schräg zur Längsachse unter einem Winkel von etwa 15 bis 20° verläuft. Der Schrägverlauf ist so gewählt, daß die beiden Abschlußflächen 19 von außen nach innen in Richtung auf das Maul der Zange konvergieren.In the broadside view shown, the outer contour 16 is convexly curved outwards, for example in the manner of the flat side of an ellipse or an oval. The major axis of the ellipse runs in the longitudinal axis of the pliers. Starting from the free end of the handle legs 14, their outer contour 16 thus widens and then narrows again. The outer contour then widens from a point 17 of the smallest width, so that gag-like widenings 18 are formed. The widenings 18 are limited in the direction of the mouth of the pliers by an end face 19 which extends in a straight line obliquely to the longitudinal axis at an angle of approximately 15 to 20 ° . The slope is chosen so that the two end faces 19 converge from the outside inwards towards the mouth of the pliers.

Die Maulbacken 13 bilden in ihrem vorderen Bereich zwei parallel zueinander verlaufende Flächen 20, so daß in diesem Bereich eine Flachzange gebildet wird. Daran anschließend sind zwei gerippte abgerundete Ausnehmungen 21 vorhanden, mit deren Hilfe die Kombizange einen zylindrischen Teil umfassen und drehen kann, beispielsweise wie eine Wasserpumpenzange.The jaws 13 form two parallel surfaces 20 in their front area, so that flat-nose pliers are formed in this area. Then there are two ribbed rounded recesses 21, with the aid of which the combination pliers can enclose and rotate a cylindrical part, for example like a water pump pliers.

Daran anschließend ist ein dritter Bereich vorhanden, in dem die beiden Maulbacken Schneidkanten 22 bilden, so daß hier eine Art Seitenschneider gebildet ist.Then there is a third area in which the two jaws form cutting edges 22, so that a type of side cutter is formed here.

Die in Fig. 1 in Aufsicht sichtbaren Seitenflanken 23 der beiden Griffschenkel 14 sind im Bereich ihrer aufeinander zugewandten Längskanten 24 abgeschrägt, wobei die Breite der Abschrägung über die Länge der Griffschenkel 14 unterschiedlich groß ist. Durch die Abschrägung sind Schrägflächen 25 gebildet, die eine Neigung von etwa 45° gegenüber den ebenen Seitenflanken 23 der Griffschenkel 14 aufweisen. Diese Schrägflächen 25 sollen das Öffnen des Fingergriffschenkels mit den Fingerkuppen begünstigen.The side flanks 23 of the two handle legs 14 which are visible in a top view in FIG. 1 are chamfered in the region of their mutually facing longitudinal edges 24, the width of the chamfer being different in size over the length of the handle legs 14. The bevel forms inclined surfaces 25 which have an inclination of approximately 45 ° with respect to the flat side flanks 23 of the handle legs 14. These inclined surfaces 25 are said to favor the opening of the finger grip leg with the fingertips.

Durch die etwa ellipsenartig geformte Außenkontur 16 der Griffschenkel 14 ist ein Anpassung der Form der Griffschenkel an die natürliche Wölbung des Handskeletts gegeben.Due to the approximately elliptical outer contour 16 of the handle legs 14, the shape of the handle legs is adapted to the natural curvature of the hand skeleton.

Wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, weisen die Seitenflanken 29 der Griffschenkel 14 in ihren dem Gelenk 12 der Zange zugewandten Bereich Einbuchtungen bzw. Vertiefungen 26 auf, die etwa rinnenartig mit abgerundetem Querschnitt ausgebildet sind. Die tiefste Stelle der Einbuchtungen 26 ist durch die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Linie 27 dargestellt. Diese Linie 27 und damit die Längsrichtung der Einbuchtungen 26 verläuft parallel zu den Begrenzungsflächen 19 der knebelartigen Verbreiterungen 18. Mit anderen Worten verlaufen die Längsrichtungen der Einbuchtungen schräg gegenüber der Längsachse der Zange, wobei die Einbuchtungen 26 beider Griffschenkel 14 von außen nach innen in Richtung auf das Maul der Zange konvergieren. Die Abweichung der Längsrichtung beträgt etwa 15 bis 20° gegenüber einer Senkrechten auf der Längsachse der Zange.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the side flanks 29 of the grip legs 14 have indentations or depressions 26 in their area facing the joint 12 of the pliers, which are approximately channel-shaped with a rounded cross section. The deepest point of the indentations 26 is represented by the line 27 shown in FIG. 1. This line 27 and thus the longitudinal direction of the indentations 26 run parallel to the delimitation surfaces 19 of the gag-like widenings 18. In other words, the longitudinal directions of the indentations run obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pliers, the indentations 26 of both grip legs 14 opening from the outside inwards in the direction the jaws of the pliers converge. The deviation in the longitudinal direction is approximately 15 to 20 ° with respect to a perpendicular on the longitudinal axis of the pliers.

Wie aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, schneidet die Linie 27, die die tiefste Stelle der Einbuchtung 26 darstellt, die Außenkontur 16 der Griffschenkel 14 rechtwinklig.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the line 27, which represents the deepest point of the indentation 26, intersects the outer contour 16 of the handle legs 14 at right angles.

Die jeweils für sich ebenen Seitenflanken 23 der Griffschenkel 14 divergieren von dem Ende 28 der Griffschenkel 14 in Richtung auf das Maul der Zange, und zwar schließen die beiden Seitenflanken mit der gestrichelt dargestellten Längsrichtung 29 einen Winkel a von etwa 4° ein. Durch die leichte Keilform der Kombizange wird berücksichtigt, daß der gegenüber dem kleinen Finger längere Zeigefinger eine längere Umschlingungsfläche hat. Die Erweiterung der Seitenflanken 23 geschieht bis unmittelbar vor der Einbuchtung 26, so daß die Griffschenkel 14 ihre dickste Stelle unmittelbar vor der Einbuchtung 26 aufweisen. Allenfalls die Begrenzung der knebelartigen Verbreiterungen 18 könnten noch dicker sein.The side flanks 23 of the handle legs 14, which are each flat, diverge from the end 28 of the handle legs 14 in the direction of the jaw of the pliers, namely the two side flanks form an angle a of approximately 4 ° with the longitudinal direction 29 shown in broken lines. The light wedge shape of the combination pliers takes into account the fact that the index finger, which is longer than the little finger, has a longer wrap area. The side flanks 23 are widened until just before the indentation 26, so that the grip legs 14 have their thickest point directly in front of the indentation 26. At most, the limitation of the gag-like widenings 18 could be even thicker.

Die Einbuchtungen 26 dienen dazu, auf der Schenkelvorderseite ein Bett für den Daumen zu bilden, während sie auf der Rückschenkel-Rückseite als Bett für den Zeigefinger dienen. Damit wird erreicht, daß die Zange beim Nach- uund Umgreifen, also beim Öffnungsvorgang der vier Finger, durch die Greifart zwei Finger-Zufassung zwischen Zeigefingergrundglied und Daumenendglied gehalten werden kann, so daß die Zange beim Öffnungs- und Schließvorgang ständig in gleicher Lage in der Hand gehalten werden kann. Um diese günstigen Kupplungsbedingungen auch bei störenden Einflüssen wie Schmutz, Nässe, Fett o.dgl. zu gewährleisten, sind im Bereich der Einbuchtungen 26 profilierte Greiffelder 30 aufgebracht, siehe Fig. 1. Diese Greiffelder 30 erstrecken sich nur auf der Vorder- und Rückseite, d.h. also in den Seitenflanken 23 der Schenkel, nicht jedoch in der Außenkontur 16.The indentations 26 serve to form a bed for the thumb on the front of the thigh, while they serve as a bed for the index finger on the back of the back of the leg. This ensures that the pliers can be held between the index finger base and thumb end link when gripping and grasping, i.e. during the opening process of the four fingers, so that the pliers are constantly in the same position during opening and closing Hand can be held. To these favorable coupling conditions even with disturbing influences such as dirt, moisture, grease or the like. To ensure, profiled gripping fields 30 are applied in the region of the indentations 26, see FIG. 1. These gripping fields 30 only extend on the front and rear, i.e. that is, in the side flanks 23 of the legs, but not in the outer contour 16.

Die Gesamtschenkellänge L nach Fig. 2 soll 110 mm nicht wesentlich überschreiten. Damit wird erreicht, daß eine relative Ausrichtung der Zangenlängsachse zur Handlängsachse möglich ist. Längere Griffschenkel können dies durch Behinderung des Schenkelendes am Kleinfingerbalken verhindern.2 should not substantially exceed 110 mm. It is achieved that a relative alignment of the pliers longitudinal axis to the hand longitudinal axis is possible. Longer handle legs can prevent this by obstructing the leg end on the small finger bar.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen vergrößerten Querschnitt durch einen Griffschenkel 14 etwa längs Linie 111-111 in Fig. 1. Der aus Metall bestehende Schenkel der Zange ist vollständig von der Kunststoffisolierung 15 umgeben, so daß der Benutzer ein angenehmes warmes Gefühl hat. Die Außenkontur 31 des Querschnitts verläuft von den im Querschnitt geradlinigen Seitenflanken 23 stark abgerundet über die ebenfalls wieder geradlinig verlaufende Außenkontur 16 des Griffschenkels 14 wiederum abgerundet in die zweite Seitenflanke 23. Die im Querschnitt geradlinig verlaufenden Schrägflächen 25 sind noch relativ schmal ausgebildet. Die Innenseite 32 verläuft ebenfalls wieder geradlinig und parallel zur Außenkontur 16.Fig. 3 shows an enlarged cross section through a handle leg 14 approximately along line 111-111 in Fig. 1. The metal leg of the pliers is completely surrounded by the plastic insulation 15, so that the user has a pleasant warm feeling. The outer contour 31 of the cross section extends from the side flanks 23, which are rectilinear in cross section, to the second side flank 23, which is again rectilinear, again rounded in the outer contour 16 of the handle leg 14. The oblique surfaces 25, which are rectilinear in cross section, are still relatively narrow. The inner side 32 again runs in a straight line and parallel to the outer contour 16.

Fig. 4 zeigt einen der Fig. 3 entsprechenden Querschnitt in Höhe etwa der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 2. An dieser Stelle ist die Dicke des Griffschenkels bzw. der Isolierung 15 schon etwas kleiner, so daß also der Abstand zwischen den Seitenflanken 23 geringer ist. Die Schrägflächen 25 haben in diesem Bereich ihre größte Breite. Demzufolge ist die Innenseite 32 des Griffschenkels 14 am schmälsten.FIG. 4 shows a cross section corresponding to FIG. 3 at approximately the line IV-IV in FIG. 2. At this point, the thickness of the handle leg or the insulation 15 is already somewhat smaller, so that the distance between the side flanks 23 is less. The sloping surfaces 25 have their greatest width in this area. As a result, the inside 32 of the handle leg 14 is the narrowest.

Fig. 5 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den Griffschenkel 14 im Bereich des Endes 28, etwa längs Linie V-V in Fig. 2. Die Schrägflächen 25 nehmen in ihrer Breite wieder ab, so daß die Seitenflanken 23 wieder größer werden. Die Dicke des Griffschenkels ist nochmals kleiner.Fig. 5 shows a cross section through the handle leg 14 in the region of the end 28, approximately along the line V-V in Fig. 2. The inclined surfaces 25 decrease in width again, so that the side flanks 23 become larger again. The thickness of the handle leg is even smaller.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Breitseitenansicht eines Seitenschneiders. Die Griff-Form ist gegenüber den Ausführungsformen nach Fig. 1 bis 4 unverändert, die einzige Änderung besteht in der Form der Schenkel 11 außerhalb der Griffschenkel 14 und in der Art des Mauls der Zange. Das Maul der Zange ist als üblicher Seitenschneider ausgebildet. In einer Ausnehmung des einen Griffschenkels ist eine Schraube 33 mit einem Innensechskant eingeschraubt, die bei Öffnen der Zange an einer Gegenfläche 34 zur Anlage gelangt. Dadurch ist ein Anschlag für die Öffnungsbewegung der Zange gegeben, der mit Hilfe eines Sechskant-Schlüssels auch verstellt werden kann.FIG. 6 shows a broad side view of a side cutter corresponding to FIG. 1. The handle shape is unchanged from the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4, the only change is the shape of the legs 11 outside the handle legs 14 and the type of jaw of the pliers. The jaws of the pliers are designed as standard side cutters. A screw 33 with a hexagon socket is screwed into a recess of the one handle leg and comes to rest on a counter surface 34 when the pliers are opened. This provides a stop for the opening movement of the pliers, which can also be adjusted using a hexagon key.

Fig. 7 zeigt, wie die von der Erfindung vorgeschlagene Kombizange in der Hand eines Benutzers liegt. Es ist zu sehen, daß der Daumen 35 in der Einbuchtung 26 auf der Vorderseite des einen Griffschenkels liegt, während der Zeigefinger 36 mit seinem Grundglied in der Einbuchtung 26 auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des gleichen Griffschenkels 14 liegt. In dieser Haltung kann die Zange geöffnet und geschlossen werden, ohne daß sie losgelassen werden muß.Fig. 7 shows how the combination pliers proposed by the invention is in the hand of a user. It can be seen that the thumb 35 lies in the indentation 26 on the front of the one handle leg, while the index finger 36 with its base member lies in the indentation 26 on the opposite side of the same handle leg 14. In this position, the pliers can be opened and closed without having to be released.

Die dargestellte Kombizange ist ein für verschiedene Anwendungen einsetzbares universelles Handwerkzeug. Diese Universalität wird für spezielle Anwendungen durch andere Form der Backen abgeschwächt. Die von der Erfindung vorgeschlagene Griffschenkelform hat auch für die folgenden Backenquerschnitte Gültigkeit, wobei die Aufzählung nicht abschließend ist: flach, flachrund, rund, halboval, hohl, spitz sowie für die Kombinationen dieser Backenquerschnitte.The combination pliers shown are universal hand tools that can be used for various applications. This universality is weakened by special shapes of the jaws for special applications. The grip leg shape proposed by the invention is also valid for the following jaw cross-sections, the list not being exhaustive: flat, flat-round, round, semi-oval, hollow, pointed and for the combinations of these jaw cross-sections.

Claims (12)

1. Pliers-like hand tool with two arms (11) connected by a joint (12) cooperating in or having in their end region mouth jaws (13), the arms on the other side of the joint being constructed as gripping arms (14), characterized in that the sides (23) of the gripping arms (14) are provided with channel-like depressions (26) in the vicinity of the index finger and thumb position, so as to form a bed for the thumb and index finger and whose longitudinal axes (27) are substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the pliers.
2. Hand tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal direction (27) of depressions (26) slope inwards from the outside of the tool and runs in the direction of the tool mouth.
3. Hand tool according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the sides (23) of the gripping arms (14) diverge slightly in the direction of the hand tool mouth.
4. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickest point of the gripping arm (14) is just upstream of the start of the depression (26).
5. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer contour (16) of gripping arm (14) is widened outwards between depression (26) and joint (12).
6. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sides (23) of gripping arm (14) have profiled gripping zones (30) in the vicinity of depressions (26).
7. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sides (23) are bevelled in the vicinity of their inner edges.
8. Hand tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the sloping surfaces (25) formed by the bevels are at an angle of approximately 45°
9. Hand tool according to claims 7 or 8, caracter- ized in that the width of the sloping surface (25) increases from its ends towards its centre.
10. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer contour (16) of the gripping arm (14) between depression (26) and end (28) of said gripping arm (14) has the approximate shape of an ellipse or oval.
11. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cross-section through gripping arm (14) is rounded oval on the outside.
12. Hand tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gripping arms have grip parts made from insulating plastic.
EP86117597A 1985-12-20 1986-12-17 Pliers-type hand tool Expired - Lifetime EP0228032B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86117597T ATE53952T1 (en) 1985-12-20 1986-12-17 PLIERS-SHAPED HAND TOOL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3545411 1985-12-20
DE19853545411 DE3545411A1 (en) 1985-12-20 1985-12-20 ERGONOMICALLY IMPROVED COMBINE PLIERS

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0228032A2 EP0228032A2 (en) 1987-07-08
EP0228032A3 EP0228032A3 (en) 1987-12-16
EP0228032B1 true EP0228032B1 (en) 1990-06-20

Family

ID=6289153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86117597A Expired - Lifetime EP0228032B1 (en) 1985-12-20 1986-12-17 Pliers-type hand tool

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Country Link
US (1) US4829858A (en)
EP (1) EP0228032B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62176781A (en)
AT (1) ATE53952T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3545411A1 (en)
DK (1) DK161436C (en)
ES (1) ES2016248B3 (en)
FI (1) FI87054C (en)
GR (2) GR3001013T3 (en)
NO (1) NO165712C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO865083D0 (en) 1986-12-16
DK612386D0 (en) 1986-12-18
DE3545411A1 (en) 1987-06-25
ES2016248B3 (en) 1990-11-01
DE3545411C2 (en) 1988-02-18
EP0228032A3 (en) 1987-12-16
GR900300020T1 (en) 1991-07-31
FI87054B (en) 1992-08-14
EP0228032A2 (en) 1987-07-08
DK612386A (en) 1987-06-21
US4829858A (en) 1989-05-16
NO165712C (en) 1991-03-27
ATE53952T1 (en) 1990-07-15
DK161436B (en) 1991-07-08
JPS62176781A (en) 1987-08-03
NO165712B (en) 1990-12-17
FI87054C (en) 1992-11-25
NO865083L (en) 1987-06-22
DE3672108D1 (en) 1990-07-26
FI865161A0 (en) 1986-12-17
DK161436C (en) 1991-12-23
FI865161A (en) 1987-06-21
GR3001013T3 (en) 1991-12-30

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