EP1356236A1 - Vormischbrenner sowie verfahren zum betrieb eines derartigen vormischbrenners - Google Patents
Vormischbrenner sowie verfahren zum betrieb eines derartigen vormischbrennersInfo
- Publication number
- EP1356236A1 EP1356236A1 EP02710242A EP02710242A EP1356236A1 EP 1356236 A1 EP1356236 A1 EP 1356236A1 EP 02710242 A EP02710242 A EP 02710242A EP 02710242 A EP02710242 A EP 02710242A EP 1356236 A1 EP1356236 A1 EP 1356236A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- flow channel
- premix burner
- premix
- inner tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
- F23D17/002—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
- F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
- F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
- F23R3/343—Pilot flames, i.e. fuel nozzles or injectors using only a very small proportion of the total fuel to insure continuous combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/03343—Pilot burners operating in premixed mode
Definitions
- the invention relates to a premix burner for generating a homogeneously distributed fuel-air mixture for firing a combustion chamber for driving a gas turbine connected downstream of the combustion chamber.
- premix combustion has established itself in the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuel in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
- fuel and combustion air are premixed as evenly as possible and then fed into the combustion chamber and ignited.
- attention is paid to a low flame temperature by means of a large excess of air. In this way, the nitrogen oxide formation can be kept low.
- a typical premix burner is known for example from EP-387 532 A1.
- Such premix burners are so-called double-cone burners, which essentially consist of two hollow, conical partial bodies which are nested one inside the other in the direction of flow. The respective central axes of the two partial bodies are offset from one another. The adjacent walls of the two partial bodies form tangential slots in the longitudinal extension for the combustion air, which in this way reaches the interior of the burner.
- a fuel nozzle for liquid fuel is arranged there. The fuel is injected into the hollow cone at an acute angle. The resulting conical liquid fuel profile is tangential incoming combustion air. The concentration of the fuel is continuously reduced in the axial direction due to the mixing with the combustion air.
- the premix burner can also be operated with gaseous fuel.
- gas inflow openings distributed in the longitudinal direction, the so-called premix holes are provided in the region of the tangential slots in the walls of the two partial bodies.
- the mixture formation with the combustion air therefore begins in the zone of the inlet slots.
- mixed operation with both types of fuel is also possible in this way.
- a fuel concentration that is as homogeneous as possible is established over the applied annular cross section.
- a defined dome-shaped backflow zone is created, at the tip of which is the so-called flame front, the ignition takes place.
- the fuel distribution ie the mixture profile of the fuel / air mixture
- the fuel distribution also plays a major role in the area of flame stabilization.
- the premix burner described above is supplied with premix gas uniformly along the premix perforation, that is to say in the context of a single-stage premix operation, stability problems arise within the backflow zone which forms and the associated flame front, provided the fuel mass flow decreases, for example when the gas turbine is operated in the lower load range. Due to the lower fuel mass flow, the penetration depth of the premix gas supply along the premix injection also decreases and thins out the core zone of the dome-shaped flame front within the burner.
- the premix burner is switched to so-called pilot mode, in which gaseous fuel is injected along the premix burner near the central fuel nozzle.
- pilot mode gaseous fuel is injected along the premix burner near the central fuel nozzle.
- piloting leads to the formation of a diffusion flame, as a result of which very high exhaust gas values, in particular very high NO x emissions, are achieved.
- mixed mode which is characterized by the fact that fuel is injected through both the premix stage and the pilot stage, combustion chamber pulsations occur in addition to the above-mentioned increased exhaust gas values, which increase the risk of flashback in the premix burner area.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a premix burner in such a way that the disadvantages mentioned above in relation to the prior art no longer occur or only occur to a significantly reduced extent.
- the premix burner constructed according to the invention is basically characterized by two components which can be assembled in modules.
- the premix burner has a premix burner housing which is tube-shaped, i.e. basically takes the form of a tube or a double-sided open cup and is connected downstream via a transition contour to the combustion chamber, which is followed by a gas turbine.
- the premix burner housing is designed to be open upstream, so that air can flow through the housing.
- the second component is a burner lance designed as an inner tube, which projects through the upstream opening of the premix burner housing into the interior of the premix burner housing.
- the burner lance is designed in such a way that, together with the premix burner housing, it includes a flow channel which is annular in cross section.
- the burner lance also has an inner tube wall that encloses an inner flow channel.
- the annular flow channel extends along the entire penetration depth of the burner lance within the premix burner housing and, downstream of the burner lance, merges together with the inner flow channel to form a uniform flow channel section which is only limited by the transition contour between the premix burner housing and the combustion chamber.
- the transition contour is preferably designed in the manner of a Venturi nozzle, so that a mass flow located within this flow section is subject to an increase in flow velocity.
- At least one fuel addition unit for feeding fuel into the inner flow channel is provided in the inner tube wall of the burner lance.
- the inner tube wall has at least one further fuel addition unit for feeding fuel into the annular flow channel.
- the fuel addition units can be supplied with liquid or gaseous fuel.
- a swirl generator is preferably attached to the outside of the inner tube wall of the burner lance and applies a specific swirl number to the supply air that flows into the annular flow channel.
- the supply air entering the annular flow channel through the swirl generator is swirled on the one hand in a flow direction predetermined by the swirl generator and on the other hand mixed with liquid and / or gaseous fuel along the annular flow channel.
- the fuel / air mixture that forms within the annular flow channel combines as it flows through the transition contour to form a flow with a uniform cross-section, which has a homogeneous fuel / air distribution and comes to ignition in the combustion chamber, in which it bursts open the swirl flow forms a stable flame front.
- a fuel addition unit is typically provided in the inner tube wall, through which gaseous fuel is fed into the annular flow channel.
- a second fuel addition unit is provided axially downstream of this fuel addition unit, through which liquid fuel is introduced into the annular flow channel.
- At least one fuel addition unit is provided within the inner tube, through which preferably gaseous fuel is fed into the inner flow channel, which is surrounded by the inner tube wall.
- gas feed as a pilot gas supply or as a piloted premix gas supply.
- a fuel addition unit in this regard is to be arranged near the downstream end of the burner lance, so that the gas supply takes place axially near the flame front that forms within the combustion chamber.
- a diffusion flame forms, which is particularly in lean operating modes, i.e. in partial load operation, the flame front is able to stabilize.
- the gas is fed into the inner flow channel along the length of the burner lance at a distance from the downstream end of the burner lance, the pilot gas fed in is mixed with the supply air supplied through the inner flow channel, so that the pilot gas / air mixture is in the region of the ignition before ignition Flame front with the rest of the fuel / air mixture originating from the annular flow channel can mix.
- a gaseous fuel supply into the inner flow channel can be regarded as a premix pilot gas supply and contributes to an increase in performance, in particular under high load conditions.
- premix burner designed in accordance with the invention, it is possible, on the one hand, to assemble premix burner configurations of different types in a modular manner only by fitting individually adapted burner lances. On the one hand, this contributes to the cost-effective manufacture of such premix burner systems, and on the other hand, one and the same premix burner housing can be equipped with different burner lance modules if the customer's operating requirements change over time.
- the modular assembly of the premix burner designed according to the invention is made possible by attaching all components that are structurally important for the operating behavior of the premix burner in and on the tube-like burner lance, such as one or more swirl generators and also suitably positioned fuel addition units.
- This measure enables a standardized premix burner housing to be used, which can be equipped with differently configured burner lances.
- the premix burner variant described above forms one within the Combustion chamber stable flame front. Such a burner configuration consequently leads to a single-stage combustion.
- the inner tube wall in the region of the downstream end of the burner lance is designed in a funnel-shaped manner so that the inner flow channel widens divergently in the flow direction before the end of the burner lance, and a swirl generator is also provided for the air entering the inner flow channel at the upstream end of the burner lance
- a suitable fuel feed into the inner flow channel With a suitable fuel feed into the inner flow channel, a second flame front still occurring within the inner flow channel can be formed, which is located axially in front of the above-described flame front within the combustion chamber.
- Such a two-stage combustion is associated with the advantage that the flue gases generated during the axially upstream combustion are fed to the combustion downstream axially, whereby the nitrogen oxides produced by the combustion can be significantly reduced.
- Decisive for the formation of a two-stage combustion is the formation of the downstream end region of the burner lance as a diffuser, through which the swirl flow introduced in the inner flow channel still bursts within the region of the burner lance and forms a stable flame front.
- a corresponding gaseous fuel addition unit is to be positioned within the tube wall between the swirl generator and the diffuser area of the burner lance.
- the modular premix burner structure according to the invention enables great variability for the formation of a premix burner, which leads from a single-stage system with pilot gas supply or premixed pilot to a two-stage burner system with two flame positions that are clearly axially separated from one another. Such a large variance is only possible by exchanging the inner burner lance.
- the structure of the premix burner according to the invention also results in a multitude of different possibilities in which form fuel, regardless of whether it is gaseous or liquid fuel, can be added to the combustion air. As explained above, an axial gradation of the fuel injection can be implemented without any problems, for example in order to optimally coordinate the time delay between fuel injection and flame position.
- FIG. 1 shows, as it were all Figures 1 to 9, a tubular or tubular premix burner housing 1 which is open at its left end shown in the drawing.
- the premix burner housing 1 is generally flowed through in the drawing plane from left to right with supply air 12, 13.
- a transition contour 2 is provided which tapers the flow cross section of the premix burner housing in the manner of a Venturi nozzle.
- a burner lance 5 designed as an inner tube is introduced, which has an inner tube wall 51 with which it, together with the premix burner housing 1, encloses an annular flow channel 6. Inside the burner lance 5, an inner flow channel 7 is enclosed by the inner inner tube wall 51. According to the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 7, the burner lance 5 has an almost straight inner tube wall profile, so that the flow cross sections of both the annular and the inner flow channel remain almost constant along the extension of the burner lance 5.
- the swirled secondary air 12 mixes along the annular flow channel 6 with the fuel types fed to form an almost homogeneously distributed fuel / air mixture which, after merging in the area of the transition contour 2 and corresponding speed increase, caused by the Venturi nozzle contour in the area of the combustion chamber 3 to ignite becomes.
- the bursting of the swirl flow results in a dynamic backflow zone 41, which is characterized by the spatially stable flame front 4.
- a targeted pilot gas supply via the fuel addition unit 10 is used, which leads to a diffusion flame due to its spatial proximity to the flame front 4 and thus to the flame front 4 can stabilize.
- the inner flow channel 7 is also open upstream, but without swirl generator, so that primary air 13 can be supplied through the inner flow channel 7.
- the premix burner housing 1 connected to the combustion chamber 3 can be equipped with individually designed burner lances. This is to be described from the figures below, in a non-exhaustive number. To avoid repetitions, system components that have already been described and provided with reference symbols are not explained again in detail. For the rest, reference is made to the attached list of reference symbols.
- the premix burner variant shown in FIG. 2 has a fuel addition unit 8 ′, which is not integrated within the burner lance 5, but instead feeds gaseous fuel into the annular flow channel 6 through the premix burner housing 1.
- the remaining structure is the same as that of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- a correspondingly configured burner lance 5 can be introduced into a premix burner housing 1, which in turn is supplied via certain peripheral components, such as a fuel addition unit 8 ′ Has gaseous fuel. This illustrates the almost arbitrarily available variability for the configuration of the burner lance 5.
- FIG. 3 shows a premix burner with a fuel addition unit 10, in contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, spaced axially from the downstream end of the burner lance 5 for feeding gaseous fuel into the inner flow channel 7.
- a pilot gas supply into the inner flow channel 7, which is axially far from the The flame front 4 which forms within the combustion chamber 3 and does not come to ignition as a diffusion flame can mix with the primary air 13 supplied and mix with the remaining fuel / air mixture which originates from the annular flow channel 6.
- Such a premix pilot gas supply serves in particular to increase the performance of the premix burner for gas turbine operation under high load.
- FIG. 4 provides a liquid fuel injection directly at the end of the burner lance 5.
- the axial spatial position of the flame front 4 can be influenced in particular and the fuel / air ratio in the mixing area can also be influenced.
- FIG. 5 a shows a multi-stage fuel addition unit 8 ′′ for feeding gaseous fuel into the annular flow channel 6.
- the burner lance 5 shown in perspective, which has an outlet opening 52 through which the inner flow channel 7 opens.
- the fuel addition openings 8 ′′ can either be arranged linearly axially one behind the other or can also be positioned in a circular offset.
- the annular and also the inner flow channel have a conically narrowed flow cross section at locations where a gaseous fuel addition unit 8, 10 is provided, the fuel addition unit being arranged at the narrowest flow cross section in order to avoid local flow feedback (flashback) ,
- a further swirl generator 14 is provided in the inner flow channel 7, which swirls the primary air 13 with a specific swirl number.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 provides a fuel addition unit 9 ′, through which liquid fuel is fed into the annular flow channel 6 from the premix burner housing 1.
- the premix burner housing wall and the inner tube wall 51 have contours designed in the manner of a venturi nozzle at the points of the fuel feed.
- the burner lance 5 in FIG. 8 has a contour 15 designed as a diffuser at the downstream region, through which the flow cross section of the inner flow channel 7 is widened conically.
- a fuel / air swirl flow occurs, which is due to of the widening flow cross section in the area of a first Backflow zone 161 bursts, comes to ignition and forms a first stable flame front 16.
- the flue gases generated within the first combustion stage are fed to the combustion downstream, starting with the stable flame front 4, of a further combustion process, as a result of which the NO x exhaust gas values can be considerably reduced.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9 shows a diffuser 15 which, in contrast to FIG. 8, has a rectilinear design, by means of which two-stage combustion can be implemented in the same way.
- Inner flow channel 9.10 fuel addition units 1 swirl generator 2 secondary air 3 primary air
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10104695.2A DE10104695B4 (de) | 2001-02-02 | 2001-02-02 | Vormischbrenner für eine Gasturbine |
| DE10104695 | 2001-02-02 | ||
| PCT/IB2002/000384 WO2002061339A1 (de) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-01 | Vormischbrenner sowie verfahren zum betrieb eines derartigen vormischbrenners |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1356236A1 true EP1356236A1 (de) | 2003-10-29 |
| EP1356236B1 EP1356236B1 (de) | 2008-11-26 |
Family
ID=7672609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02710242A Expired - Lifetime EP1356236B1 (de) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-02-01 | Vormischbrenner sowie verfahren zum betrieb eines derartigen vormischbrenners |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6895759B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1356236B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10104695B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002061339A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10104695B4 (de) | 2001-02-02 | 2014-11-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Vormischbrenner für eine Gasturbine |
| DE10160997A1 (de) * | 2001-12-12 | 2003-07-03 | Rolls Royce Deutschland | Magervormischbrenner für eine Gasturbine sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Magervormischbrenners |
| EP1624252A1 (de) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-02-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brenner, Gasturbine und Betrieb eines Brenners |
| WO2006069861A1 (de) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Vormischbrenner mit mischstrecke |
| ITTO20050208A1 (it) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-09-30 | Ansaldo Energia Spa | Gruppo bruciatore a gas per una turbina a gas |
| JP2007147125A (ja) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-06-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ガスタービン燃焼器 |
| WO2007119115A2 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-10-25 | Rolls-Royce Power Engineering Plc | Gas turbine engine premix injectors |
| US7721553B2 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2010-05-25 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting a flashback condition in a gas turbine |
| RU2348864C2 (ru) * | 2007-03-19 | 2009-03-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное предприятие "ЭСТ" | Горелка |
| EP2179222B2 (de) † | 2007-08-07 | 2021-12-01 | Ansaldo Energia IP UK Limited | Brenner für eine brennkammer einer turbogruppe |
| WO2009022449A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-19 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | 燃焼装置 |
| EP2058590B1 (de) * | 2007-11-09 | 2016-03-23 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brenners |
| EP2225488B1 (de) | 2007-11-27 | 2013-07-17 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Vormischbrenner für eine gasturbine |
| US8689562B2 (en) * | 2009-09-13 | 2014-04-08 | Donald W. Kendrick | Combustion cavity layouts for fuel staging in trapped vortex combustors |
| US8677760B2 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2014-03-25 | General Electric Company | Fuel nozzle with integrated passages and method of operation |
| US9194586B2 (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2015-11-24 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Two-stage combustor for gas turbine engine |
| EP3008391B1 (de) | 2013-06-11 | 2020-05-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Brennkammer mit axialer stufung für einen gasturbinenmotor |
| US10393030B2 (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2019-08-27 | United Technologies Corporation | Pilot injector fuel shifting in an axial staged combustor for a gas turbine engine |
| EP3486570B1 (de) * | 2017-11-15 | 2023-06-21 | Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG | Sekundäre brennkammerstufe für eine sequentielle gasturbinenbrennkammer |
| CN115745711B (zh) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-11-24 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | 一种氢氧爆轰驱动轻气炮的铝粉预混合反应室 |
| US12276424B1 (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2025-04-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fuel nozzle having inner and outer mixing chambers fed with fuel via first and second hole patterns |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE371685B (de) * | 1972-04-21 | 1974-11-25 | Stal Laval Turbin Ab | |
| CH678757A5 (de) * | 1989-03-15 | 1991-10-31 | Asea Brown Boveri | |
| US5749217A (en) * | 1991-12-26 | 1998-05-12 | Caterpillar Inc. | Low emission combustion system for a gas turbine engine |
| US5295352A (en) * | 1992-08-04 | 1994-03-22 | General Electric Company | Dual fuel injector with premixing capability for low emissions combustion |
| US5452574A (en) * | 1994-01-14 | 1995-09-26 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Gas turbine engine catalytic and primary combustor arrangement having selective air flow control |
| DE19507088B4 (de) * | 1995-03-01 | 2005-01-27 | Alstom | Vormischbrenner |
| JP3939756B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-22 | 2007-07-04 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 特にガスタービン用のバーナ |
| DE19542164A1 (de) * | 1995-11-11 | 1997-05-15 | Abb Research Ltd | Vormischbrenner |
| DE19545310B4 (de) * | 1995-12-05 | 2008-06-26 | Alstom | Vormischbrenner |
| US5899076A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-05-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Flame disgorging two stream tangential entry nozzle |
| WO1999004196A1 (de) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-01-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brenneranordnung für eine feuerungsanlage, insbesondere eine gasturbinenbrennkammer |
| US6141967A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2000-11-07 | General Electric Company | Air fuel mixer for gas turbine combustor |
| DE19839085C2 (de) * | 1998-08-27 | 2000-06-08 | Siemens Ag | Brenneranordnung mit primärem und sekundärem Pilotbrenner |
| US6161387A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2000-12-19 | United Technologies Corporation | Multishear fuel injector |
| DE10104695B4 (de) | 2001-02-02 | 2014-11-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Vormischbrenner für eine Gasturbine |
| US6539721B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-04-01 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Gas-liquid premixer |
-
2001
- 2001-02-02 DE DE10104695.2A patent/DE10104695B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-02-01 WO PCT/IB2002/000384 patent/WO2002061339A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-02-01 EP EP02710242A patent/EP1356236B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-01 DE DE50213051T patent/DE50213051D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-07-30 US US10/629,605 patent/US6895759B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO02061339A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20040055307A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
| US6895759B2 (en) | 2005-05-24 |
| EP1356236B1 (de) | 2008-11-26 |
| DE50213051D1 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
| WO2002061339A1 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
| DE10104695B4 (de) | 2014-11-20 |
| DE10104695A1 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
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