EP1352381A1

EP1352381A1 - Enveloping body

Info

Publication number: EP1352381A1
Application number: EP00949456A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Markus Weiss; Frank Klein
Original assignee: Streif Baulogistik GmbH; BlowUp Media GmbH
Current assignee: Streif Baulogistik GmbH; BlowUp Media GmbH
Priority date: 1999-08-31
Filing date: 2000-08-04
Publication date: 2003-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 2020-08-04
Also published as: DE50006538D1; WO2001016926A1; ATE267437T1; HK1061463A1; AU6280500A; US6928774B1; ES2221854T3; DE29915269U1; JP2003508802A; PT1352381E; EP1352381B1; CA2383437C; CA2383437A1; DK1352381T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a covering body for masts of construction cranes, electricity lines, or the like with an outer covering which is designed to partially or totally encase a mast in the direction of extension and/or peripheral direction and which furthermore has at least one rigid inner support, with which the outer covering can be arranged to be spaced at least partially at a distance from the mast. Finally, a fastening device for fastening the inner support to the mast is provided. Such a covering body according to the invention is further developed in that the inner support, by means of the fastening device, can be connected to the mast rotatably adjustable in the peripheral direction and/or adjustable in the direction of extension and that a device for active and/or passive variation of position and/or geometry of the outer covering is provided. A basic concept of the invention is not to make the covering body rigid, but to connect it to the mast so it can move, whereby it can react flexibly to differing loadings by the wind forces. As a result, the application of even covering bodies having large spatial dimensions is possible on free-standing masts.

Description

enveloping body

The invention relates to an enveloping body for masts of construction cranes, power lines or the like according to the preamble of claim 1.

A generic envelope body has an outer shell, which is designed for the partial or complete sheathing of a mast in the extension and / or circumferential direction, and furthermore at least one rigid inner carrier with which the outer shell can be arranged at least partially spaced from the mast. Finally, a fastening device for fastening the inner support to the mast is provided.

Such envelopes are used in particular as information and / or advertising media, for example in the entrance area of shops, petrol stations or shopping centers, at trade fairs, exhibitions, information events or even in museums and the like.

A desired piece of information, advertising graphics and / or a desired advertising text can be applied to the outer shell. These envelopes known per se are attached to suspension masts, stands, racks, scaffolding or the like set up specifically for them and are of comparatively small dimensions.

The larger such an enveloping body is now manufactured, the more a possible exposure to wind forces must be taken into account when installing the enveloping body outdoors with regard to the mechanical stability.

In the known enveloping bodies, the outer shell is rigidly connected to the mast, stand, frame, scaffold or the like. This leads to the fact that such enveloping bodies, if they are to be suitable for installation outdoors and are to withstand the wind forces typically occurring accordingly, the entire construction of the enveloping body and mast must be designed to be comparatively solid and therefore expensive.

So-called climbing devices are known for the erection and dismantling of construction cranes, which can be moved with the aid of a hydraulic system along the mast of a construction crane. These climbing devices are removed after the crane has been fully erected and only attached again to dismantle it.

Against this background, the present invention is based on the object of specifying an enveloping body for encasing or covering free-standing masts of construction cranes, power lines or the like, in which a variation of the enveloping body is possible, in particular in the case of forces transmitted to the mast by the action of wind via the enveloping body and which can therefore also be built in comparatively large spatial dimensions. This object is achieved by the enveloping body according to claim 1.

It is therefore provided in a generic envelope body

- The inner support can be connected to the mast rotatably and / or in the direction of extension by means of the fastening device, and

- That a device for active and / or passive variation of the position and / or the geometry of the outer shell is provided.

The direction of extension should be understood to mean the direction in which the mast to which the enveloping body is to be attached essentially extends. The circumferential direction is understood to mean a direction surrounding the mast. The mast can in particular be the vertical and / or horizontal part of a construction crane.

A basic idea of the invention can be seen in connecting the enveloping body to the mast not only rigidly but also movably, that is to say rotatably and / or in the direction of extension.

This gives the advantage that it can react flexibly to different loads caused by wind forces.

This in turn enables the attachment of enveloping bodies with large spatial dimensions to free-standing masts, such as those of construction cranes and power lines or the like. In a preferred embodiment of the enveloping body according to the invention, the inner carrier has a frame construction for the outer shell surrounding an area of the mast and / or the fastening device is designed as a mast fastening, in particular as a lattice mast fastening.

It is advantageous if the lattice mast attachment is rotatably rotatable with respect to the mast and / or is movable in a rolling and / or sliding manner in the direction of extension, in particular on one or more rails. For this purpose, rollers or rollers, for example, can be provided on the lattice mast attachment. Furthermore, the lattice mast attachment can subject the frame structure of the lattice mast to bending or even have a frame structure that can be subjected to bending.

An embodiment of the invention is particularly preferred in which a measuring device is provided for determining the wind speed and / or the wind direction and in which the geometry of the outer shell and / or its position is automatically adjusted to the moment in order to reduce wind forces transmitted to the mast via the envelope body Wind conditions is adaptable. A variation in the geometry can reduce the fluidic resistance of the outer shell. The forces and / or torques transmitted to the mast by wind forces via the outer shell can be reduced in addition to a change in the outer shell geometry by a position variation.

Monitoring and, if necessary, a change in position and / or geometry of the outer shell by operating personnel can thus be omitted in this embodiment and the enveloping body can remain in a working state at any time, for example high on the mast of a construction crane. The measuring device for determining the wind speed and / or the wind direction can be attached to the mast or to the outer shell of the enveloping body.

With regard to the automatic adaptation of the enveloping body to current wind conditions, a further development of the enveloping body is preferred in which at least one rotary and / or one linear drive is provided for the active adjustment of the geometry and / or the position of the outer shell. These can be electric motors, hydraulic or compressed air drives or the like.

An adaptation of the geometry of the outer shell can first be achieved in a particularly simple manner in that the outer shell is designed to be variable in the direction of extension and / or in the radial direction. The radial direction is to be understood here to mean all directions perpendicular to the direction of extension.

In order to facilitate the adaptation of the geometry of the outer shell to current wind conditions, constructive developments of the enveloping body according to the invention can be preferred, in which the outer shell has a plurality of sections arranged in the circumferential direction or a plurality of segments arranged in the direction of extension.

In particular, it can be advantageous to construct the envelope body in such a way that the segments are designed to be rotatable independently of one another in the circumferential direction. With such a structure, torsional loads on the enveloping body that may occur due to wind can only act on a single segment and are accordingly comparatively weak. This enables an overall less torsional or torsional stiffness and thus a less complex construction.

Another technically relatively easy to implement adjustment of the outer shell geometry can be achieved in that the segments are telescopically insertable in the direction of extension. With a corresponding number of segments, a particularly large reduction in the flow resistance can be achieved in this way by pulling the segments together.

In terms of production and construction, enveloping bodies, the outer shape of which is rotationally symmetrical in the direction of extension, are relatively inexpensive. This means that in the case of these enveloping bodies, the cross section of the outer shape has a substantially circular shape perpendicular to the direction of extension. In addition, these envelopes are characterized by good static mechanical properties.

In preferred construction variants of this embodiment, the outer shape of the enveloping body is spherical, paraboloid, hyperboloid, ellipsoidal or bottle-shaped. All of these outer shapes also have favorable flow properties with good mechanical stability.

In addition, the envelope body can also be constructed in such a way that the cross section of the outer envelope has an elliptical, square, rectangular, triangular, regular polygonal shape or a streamlined drop profile perpendicular to the direction of extension. These technical solutions are distinguished either by their particularly simple constructive feasibility and / or by their particularly favorable flow properties. In a simple embodiment of the enveloping body, the outer shell is essentially made of a rigid material. It can be a sheet, in particular an aluminum sheet, or plastic plates. Such enveloping bodies can be produced particularly quickly and effectively, for example by simply riveting, screwing and / or gluing the sheets or plates to the inner support, which can also be designed as a whole inner frame.

A reduced transmission of wind forces to the mast via the enveloping body can be achieved in an embodiment of the enveloping body in which the outer shell is essentially made of a wind-permeable wire mesh. Although such a wire mesh allows the wind to pass through, it appears to be optically dense for the viewer, especially from greater distances, so that the lower fluidic resistance is not bought with a loss of information space.

In a further large group of preferred variants of the envelope body according to the invention, the outer envelope is essentially made of a flexible material. This can be a wind-permeable textile material, in particular a synthetic textile material, or also a plastic film. Due to the relatively low weight of such flexible materials, the construction of the enveloping body can be kept lighter overall. Furthermore, flexible materials can be used to create outer shells with a wide variety of contours. In these variants, too, the inner support is preferably designed as a whole inner frame. Another possibility of varying the geometry of the outer shell is that the outer shell is partially or completely foldable. In particular, it can be provided that the outer shell is designed to be foldable like a bellows in the direction of extension. In this variant, a particularly large variation in the flow resistance can also be achieved. At the same time, this technical solution can be easily implemented, since in the simplest case the outer shell is only moved in one direction or is pulled together or pulled apart like a bellows.

Furthermore, it can also be provided that the outer shell is at least partially designed to be rolled up. This has the advantage that the flexible material of the outer shell remains taut at all times and therefore it cannot flutter in the wind.

Another way to achieve different contours of the outer shell is that at least parts of the outer shell are inflatable. In particular, it is advantageous to provide an inflating and pumping device for inflating and pumping down at least parts of the outer shell. This variant can be preferred if relatively complicated shapes of the outer shell are desired, and inflation, for example with pressure cartridges, can be carried out extremely quickly.

In order to facilitate or improve the perception of the enveloping body or its outer shell, technical advanced training is preferred in which at least one lighting device is provided inside or outside the enveloping body. is seen. If the lighting device is arranged within the envelope body, it is furthermore advantageous to make the outer envelope at least partially transparent.

A particularly good perceptibility of the outer shell, in particular in the dark, is achieved in that the outer shell has actively luminous elements. It can be incandescent and / or discharge lamps, light-emitting diodes, fluorescent and / or phophorescent material.

In order to achieve a stable connection of the enveloping body with a mast, it is preferred that the lattice mast fastening has hooking devices for producing a non-positive connection with a lattice mast. The suspension devices are advantageously designed to be lockable and / or lockable.

With regard to the fastening of the enveloping body to different parts of a construction crane, variants of the enveloping body can in particular be preferred in which the outer shell and the fastening device are designed for fastening the enveloping body to the vertical or horizontal part of a construction crane.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are finally characterized in that the outer shell is designed for sail-like arrangement between the vertical and horizontal part of a construction crane. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly large area that can be used for information and advertising purposes. In a preferred variant, the outer shell extends substantially below the horizontal part of the construction crane when the envelope body is installed.

In principle, however, the outer shell can extend into all areas between the vertical and horizontal parts of the construction crane, i.e. Embodiments can also be chosen in which the outer shell extends at least partially above the horizontal part of the construction crane when the envelope body is installed.

In the embodiments of the enveloping body with a sail-like outer shell, it can be provided that the construction crane - if the local conditions allow this - is left freely rotatable about its vertical axis in times of night operation, such as in the evening or at the weekend.

The horizontal boom of the construction crane adjusts itself automatically in the wind direction. On the one hand, this has the advantage that the forces and torques transmitted through the outer shell to the construction crane can be kept very small. On the other hand, this makes the outer shell visible from different directions when the wind direction changes.

In addition, it is particularly advantageous in the sail-like design of the envelope body due to the high flow resistance of such a sail to roll up, retract and / or fold up at least parts of the outer envelope in the horizontal, vertical and / or in another direction. Rolling up, pulling in or folding can preferably be automated and controlled as a function of a measured wind speed.

In order to achieve the most efficient use of the outer shell, the outer shell can have variable outer surfaces, which can be so-called motion displays in particular.

The variable outer surfaces can be designed to be temporally variable, for example alternately in time.

Furthermore, the variable outer surfaces can have a plurality of slats, which can be arranged, for example, horizontally or vertically. However, the variable outer surface can also be a revolving roller.

The basic idea of the present invention to design an enveloping body in such a way that its geometry and / or position can be varied is realized in a particularly useful manner if the enveloping body according to the invention is used for covering and / or encasing masts of construction cranes, power lines or the like.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawings. In these drawings:

1A shows a first example of an enveloping body according to the invention in a first arrangement state on

Mast;

1B shows the envelope body from FIG. 1A in a second arrangement state on the mast;

FIG. IC shows a cross section perpendicular to the direction of extension of the enveloping body from FIGS. 1A and 1B;

2A shows a second example of an enveloping body according to the invention in a wrapped state;

FIG. 2B shows the enveloping body from FIG. 2A in a partially retracted state;

3A shows a third example of an enveloping body according to the invention in a wrapped state;

3B shows the envelope body from FIG. 3A in a partially retracted state; and

Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a fourth example of an enveloping body according to the invention.

In the example of an envelope body 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1A, an outer envelope 5 is provided, which in this exemplary embodiment is made of a rigid material, for example of an aluminum sheet or aluminum Plastic plates, is made. The outer shell 5 is fastened to inner supports 7, which in turn are connected to a mast 4 via a plurality of fastening devices 9. For this purpose, rails 11 are formed in the fastening devices 9, in which the inner supports 7 are movably mounted.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, linear drives 15, 16, which are designed as hydraulic drives, are provided for adjusting the outer casing 5 in a direction of movement 25 parallel to the direction of extension 23 of the mast.

The inner carrier 7 is provided with a frame construction 27 which completely surrounds the mast 4 and which supports the outer shell 5.

The enveloping body 1 shown completely surrounds the mast 4 in its circumferential direction 21.

A measuring device 17 for determining the wind speed is also provided, the measurement results being continuously recorded by a control and regulating unit which is connected to the hydraulic drives 15, 16.

If the wind force now exceeds a certain critical value previously entered in the control device, the control device sends a signal to the hydraulic drives 15, 16, whereupon they move the envelope body downward. In this way, the forces and torques transmitted by wind forces via the enveloping body 1 to the mast 4 and thus also the risk of the mast tipping over are reduced. In the embodiments of envelope bodies 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B or 3A and 3B, in contrast to the variant shown in FIGS. 1A to IC, not only the position but also the geometry of the envelope body 1 can be changed.

Equivalent parts in FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B are each designated by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1A to IC.

The exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B also completely enclose the mast 4 in its circumferential direction 21. In these embodiments, the upper part of the outer shell 5 can be moved in a direction of movement 25 parallel to the direction of extension 23 of the mast 4. For this purpose, in an equivalent manner, as shown in FIG. IC, inner supports 7 are movably connected to the mast 4 via fastening elements 9, rails 11 in turn being provided in the fastening devices 9 for the movable mounting of the inner supports 7.

Common to the two exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B is first of all that the extent of the outer shell 5 in the direction of extension 23 is variable. However, the exemplary embodiments differ from the principle of the geometry variation of the outer shell 5.

In the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the outer casing 5 can be contracted in the manner of a bellows, as a result of which the change in expansion of the outer casing 5 in the direction of extension 23 is achieved. In the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, on the other hand, the outer shell 5 is made up of a total of four segments 31, 32, 33 and 34, which are interconnected oi DJ tu * ^* DJ a ≤ * er 3 IQ HH s: er H <? rs «Ä ^* 03 K 03 ≤ HN £ 03 3" X a

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Claims

claims:

Envelopes for masts of construction cranes, power lines or the like,

with an outer casing (5), which is designed for the partial or complete sheathing of a mast (4) in the extension and / or circumferential direction (21, 23),

- With at least one rigid inner support (7) with which the outer casing (5) can be arranged at least partially spaced from the mast (4), and

- With a fastening device (9) for fastening the inner support (7) to the mast (4), characterized in that the inner support (7) can be rotated in the circumferential direction (21) in the circumferential direction (21) and / or in the direction of extension (23) by means of the fastening device (9) can be connected to the mast (4) and that a device for actively and / or passively varying the position and / or the geometry of the outer shell (5) is provided.

Envelope body according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner carrier (7) has a frame construction (27) for the outer shell surrounding an area of the mast (4) and / or that the fastening device (8) is designed as a mast fastening, in particular as a lattice mast fastening.

3. Envelope according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one rotary and / or linear drive (15, 16) is provided for the active adjustment of the geometry and / or the position of the outer shell (5).

4. Envelope according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a measuring device (17) is provided for determining the wind speed and / or the wind direction and that to reduce wind forces transmitted via the envelope body (1) to the mast (4) the geometry of the outer shell (5) and / or its position can be automatically adapted to current wind conditions.

5. Envelope according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outer shell (5) is designed to be variable in the direction of extension (23) and / or in the radial direction.

6. Envelope according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outer shell (5) a plurality of portions arranged in the circumferential direction (21) and / or a plurality of segments (31, 32, 33, 34) arranged in the direction of extension (23) having.

7. Envelope according to claim 6, characterized in that the segments (31, 32, 33, 34) independently of one another in the circumferential direction (21) and / or that the segments (31, 32, 33, 34) are telescopically insertable in the direction of extension.

8. Envelope according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the lattice mast attachment is rotatably rotatable with respect to the mast (4) and / or is rolling and / or slidably displaceable in the direction of extension (23), in particular on one or more rails.

9. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shape of the envelope (1) is rotationally symmetrical in the direction of extent (23).

10. Envelope according to claim 9, characterized in that the outer shape of the envelope (1) is spherical, paraboloid, hyperboloid, ellipsoidal or bottle-shaped.

11. Envelope according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cross section of the outer shape of the envelope body (1) perpendicular to the direction of extension (23) has an ellipse, square, rectangle, triangle, a regular polygonal shape or a streamlined drop profile ,

12. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shell (5) is essentially made of a rigid material.

13. Envelope according to claim 12, characterized in that the rigid material is a sheet, in particular an aluminum sheet, plastic plates and / or a wind-permeable wire mesh.

14. Envelope according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the outer casing (5) is essentially made of a flexible material.

15. Envelope according to claim 14, characterized in that the flexible material is a wind-permeable textile material, in particular a synthetic textile material and / or a plastic film.

16. Envelope according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the outer shell (5) has variable outer surfaces, in particular in the form of a motion display.

17. Envelope according to claim 16, characterized in that the variable outer surfaces have a plurality of movable lamellae.

18. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shell (5) is partially or completely foldable.

19. Envelope body according to claim 18, characterized in that the outer casing (5) is designed to be folded like a bellows in the direction of extension (23).

20. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the outer shell (5) is at least partially rollable.

21. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least parts of the outer shell (5) are designed to be inflatable.

22. Envelope according to claim 21, characterized in that an inflating and pumping device is provided for inflating and pumping out at least parts of the outer shell (5).

23. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one lighting device is provided inside or outside the envelope body (1).

24. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shell has actively luminous elements.

25. Envelope according to claim 24, characterized in that the actively illuminating elements are incandescent and / or discharge lamps, light-emitting diodes, fluorescent and / or phosphorescent material.

26. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lattice mast attachment has hooking means for producing a non-positive connection with a lattice mast.

27. Envelope according to claim 26, characterized in that the suspension devices are designed to be lockable and / or lockable.

28. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer envelope (5) and the fastening device (9) are designed for fastening the envelope body (1) on the vertical and / or horizontal part of a construction crane.

29. Envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shell (5) is designed for a sail-like arrangement between the vertical and horizontal parts of a construction crane.

30. Envelope according to claim 29, characterized in that the outer shell (5) extends substantially below the horizontal part of the construction crane in the installed state of the envelope body (1).

31. Envelope according to one of claims 29 or 30, characterized in that the outer envelope (5) extends at least partially above the horizontal part of the construction crane when the envelope (1) is installed.

32. Envelope according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that the envelope (1) can be moved relative to the mast (4) by means of a roller device.