EP1348108A1 - Procede et dispositif de mesure de niveaux - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de mesure de niveaux

Info

Publication number
EP1348108A1
EP1348108A1 EP01994806A EP01994806A EP1348108A1 EP 1348108 A1 EP1348108 A1 EP 1348108A1 EP 01994806 A EP01994806 A EP 01994806A EP 01994806 A EP01994806 A EP 01994806A EP 1348108 A1 EP1348108 A1 EP 1348108A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
container
level
filling material
measuring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP01994806A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Florin
Werner Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Abertax Research and Development Ltd
Original Assignee
Abertax Research and Development Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2000163557 external-priority patent/DE10063557B4/de
Priority claimed from DE2001109152 external-priority patent/DE10109152B4/de
Application filed by Abertax Research and Development Ltd filed Critical Abertax Research and Development Ltd
Publication of EP1348108A1 publication Critical patent/EP1348108A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/266—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors measuring circuits therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/268—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the level of contents in a container with the aid of a capacitive sensor circuit.
  • the invention further relates to a device for performing this method. Liquids and other flowable substances, pourable solids, e.g. B. granules, or gases in question.
  • a device for level measurement is, for example, the subject of EP-A 100 564.
  • the disadvantage here is that plates or tubes of a measuring capacitor have to be immersed in the liquid, which is not possible or difficult in many applications.
  • DE-A 32 48 449 describes and shows a device for measuring the level of liquids, in which a cylindrical, coaxial capacitor is immersed in the liquid and is permanently mounted. Due to its design, such a device is not suitable for determining exact fill levels when the filling material is in a constantly changing movement, for example in tanks of vehicles or aircraft.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for capacitive level measurement in a container without the container having to be adapted accordingly or a capacitor consisting of two plates having to be used.
  • the sensor is made of electrically conductive material, e.g. B. metal or polymer, and can be designed according to the application, for. B. flat or round.
  • the senor is used as an active sensor, an alternating voltage is applied to it, the current intensity depending on the level of the level relative to the sensor.
  • the current can be displayed as a level after electronic processing.
  • an alternating voltage is generated in the product itself or supplied from outside, which generates a capacitive alternating current in the sensor, which can be displayed as a level after electronic processing.
  • the signal from the sensor can be transmitted to the measuring device via an electrical line or wirelessly by radio.
  • the method and device according to the invention have the advantage over the previously known prior art that one of the two capacitor elements is formed by the filling material itself, while the other capacitor element is the sensor.
  • the Displacement current therefore only passes through the container wall, but not through the product itself.
  • the senor it is also possible to connect the sensor to an AC voltage source in such a way that an electrical field emanating from the sensor is generated, which changes and can be measured and displayed in accordance with the level (height ratio of filling material: air) in the container.
  • the level of containers whose position is constantly changing for example in the case of a fuel tank in aircraft, is to be determined as precisely as possible, it is possible in a further development of the invention to mount a plurality of sensors on the container at different points and to average the signals from all sensors , This can be determined with the aid of an RC low-pass filter circuit with a time constant of a few seconds.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic sectional illustration of a container with a capacitive sensor circuit
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration through a variant of FIG. 1 designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows the sectional illustration of a further variant
  • FIG. 4 shows the schematic top view of a container with several sensors
  • FIG. 5 shows a circuit example with a low-pass filter for use in the example in FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional illustration of a further application example
  • FIG. 7 shows a circuit diagram derived from the application example in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 shows the schematic representation of a battery with an automatic refill device controlled by the sensor circuit
  • FIG. 9 shows a variant of the device of FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows in cross section a container 10 for holding a filling material 12.
  • the container 10 can be, for example, a fuel tank or a battery cell.
  • the container 10 can be cylindrical or have another shape and is closed by a lid 14.
  • the wall thickness of the container 10 is denoted by d.
  • a rod 16 or a plate is guided inward through the lid 14 of the container 10, for example the lead plate of a battery cell, with the aid of which conductive filling material 12 can be grounded in order to increase the effect of the sensor 22 explained below.
  • the plate 16 On the outside of the cover 14, the plate 16 has a head 18 for its attachment.
  • a metal sensor 22 is attached to the outer wall 20 of the container 10 and extends over almost the entire height of the container 10.
  • the sensor 22 is connected to an electrical line 24, which is connected to an AC voltage source 26, which generates an AC current of frequency f in the line 24.
  • a measuring and / or display device 28, for example an ammeter, is also connected in line 24.
  • the wall 20 with the wall thickness d between the sensor 22 and the liquid 12 forms the dielectric of the product 12 and the capacitor 22 formed.
  • the wall 20 consists of electrically non-conductive material, for example plastic or glass fiber material.
  • the current intensity I thus changes proportionally with the level of the filling material 12 in the container 10. It is thus possible to measure the current intensity and as the level of the Display filling material 12 and / or to use it as an electrical signal for actuating a device for automatic filling level correction (refilling or draining filling material 12) shown in FIGS. 8 or 9.
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the invention, according to which the sensor 22, which is attached to the outside of the container 10 made of non-conductive material, is connected to the AC voltage source 26 so that it generates an electric field, the field lines of which are indicated in Figure 2 are.
  • This field is increased or decreased depending on the nature of the non-earthed product 12, the degree of amplification or reduction depending on the level of the level.
  • the electrical field and its changes can be measured with the aid of the measuring device 28, displayed and used as a trigger for automatic level corrections.
  • FIG. 3 Another variant is shown in FIG. 3, in which the sensor 22 is immersed in the filling material 12. If this is electrically conductive, the sensor 22 must be insulated from the filling material by a non-conductive sheath 34.
  • the wall 20 of the container 10 can be made of any material that can be conductive or non-conductive. In addition, it is possible to connect the filling material 12 and / or the container 10 to an earth 36.
  • an alternating voltage source 26 generates an electrical field at the sensor 22, which changes with the level and can be measured or displayed on the measuring device 26.
  • the sensor 22 in the filling material 12 or on the wall 20 made of non-conductive material, there is also the possibility of letting the sensor 22 into the outer wall 20, which is already done during the manufacture of the container 10.
  • the sensor 22, together with its insulating jacket 34, can also be attached directly to the inside of the wall 20. If, in the case of the arrangement according to FIG. 3, the filling material 12 and the wall 20 are not electrically conductive, the casing 34 of the sensor 22 can of course be omitted.
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of a container 10 which is equipped with sensors 22 at several points on its wall 20.
  • Each sensor 22 can be assigned its own or all a common measuring device 28, so that the fill level in the container 10 can be determined at different points.
  • a mean value can be electronically formed from the various sensor signals, which also indicates the filling level in the container 10 with the desired accuracy when the filling material 12 is in motion in the container.
  • a typical application of this sensor arrangement is the fuel tank in an aircraft.
  • An RC low-pass filter with a time constant of a few seconds which is outlined in FIG. 5, can be used to form the mean value.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 schematically show another possible application in which the capacitive sensor 22 is used as a passive probe. It is attached to the non-conductive outer wall 20 of the container 10, for example a battery cell. An electrical voltage change - indicated by the square-wave voltage at the voltage source 26 - is generated in the electrolyte of the cell by pulse charging or pulse discharge. An electrical field thus arises between the electrolyte 12 and the sensor 22, which leads to a capacitive current consumption by the sensor 22, which changes as a function of the fill level of the electrolyte 12. After appropriate calibration of the system, this change can be displayed analog or digital as the fill level of the electrolyte.
  • the method just described can be used to draw conclusions from the capacitive current consumption of the sensor 22 as to the remaining battery capacity that is still present and, after comparison with the original target capacity, to display it as a fraction of this target capacity.
  • This display provides information about the current general condition of the battery.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the possible application shown in FIG. 6 for a battery with three cells.
  • the use of the probe as a passive sensor is not limited to batteries. Rather, applications are also conceivable in which an alternating voltage is supplied to the filling material from the outside in order to infer the level or other variable properties of the filling material from the capacitive current consumption of the sensor.
  • the method and device according to the invention can be used for level measurement in many areas, for example in production processes, in medicine, here for example for monitoring infusions or the like, in laboratories or in battery monitoring.
  • the measurement results determined with the aid of the sensor can be used to control the filling quantity correction and to trigger warning signals when critical filling levels are reached.
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows a container 10, which is designed as a housing for a battery and holds liquid 12 (electrolyte).
  • a liquid line 38 is provided which serves for the supply 40 of liquid (distilled water) into the container 10 when the level therein has dropped below a prescribed minimum height h '.
  • a valve 44 which is controlled by an actuating device 46, is arranged in an enlarged section 42 of the liquid line 38.
  • the actuating device 46 can have an electromagnetic function, so that an electrical signal line 48 is used for control.
  • a capacitive level sensor 22 is attached to the outer wall 20 of the container 10. This constantly measures the height h 1 of the liquid 12 in the container 10 and then, when the prescribed minimum height is undershot, emits an electrical signal to an electronic control unit 50, which is also mounted outside the container 10.
  • a voltage source 52 is used to supply power to both the control unit 50 and the sensor 22.
  • a level sensor 22 which records optical, acoustic, pneumatic or hydraulic measurement signals according to the fill level, which are then converted into electrical control signals in the control unit 50 and passed on to the actuating device 46 via the signal line 48. If the sensor 22 emits a signal due to the level of the liquid 12 in the container 10 having dropped below the minimum height h ′, which signal is passed on from the control unit 50 to the electromagnetic actuating device 46 via the signal line 48, this has the consequence that the valve 44 in the open position shown in FIG. 8 is raised so that liquid is fed into the container 10 via the liquid line 38 in the direction of the arrows shown. As soon as the prescribed level is reached again, the actuating device 46 receives a control signal from the sensor 22 and via the control unit 50, so that the valve 44 is closed again.
  • the container 10 is a water tank for a toilet, which is filled with water as the liquid 12.
  • the electronic control unit 50 with a voltage source 52 is attached, which is connected via a signal line 48 to the sensor 22, which is also attached to the outside of the wall 20 of the container 10 here.
  • the liquid line 38 for the supply 40 of water opens out through the cover 14 into the container 10.
  • the valve 44 which is vertically displaceably mounted in the enlarged section 42, serves to control the inflow 40 of water into the container 10, the actuating device 46 also here of the valve 44 is controlled by the sensor 22 via the signal line 48 and the electronic control unit 50.
  • valve 44 which controls the outflow 60 of the water.
  • the actuating device 46 of this valve 44 is also connected to the control unit 50 via an electrical signal line 48 ′.
  • An arrangement similar to FIG. 8 is also suitable for

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant de mesurer et d'indiquer le niveau de remplissage d'un récipient avec un matière de remplissage, la matière de remplissage pouvant être électroconductrice ou non. Contre le récipient se trouve un détecteur (22) qui peut être disposé contre la paroi de récipient (20) ou être intégré à celle-ci. Afin de permettre la mesure du niveau, une tension alternative est appliquée au détecteur (22), la capacité ou le champ électrique produit étant représentatif du niveau de remplissage.
EP01994806A 2000-12-20 2001-12-18 Procede et dispositif de mesure de niveaux Ceased EP1348108A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10063557 2000-12-20
DE2000163557 DE10063557B4 (de) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen von Pegelständen
DE10109152 2001-02-24
DE2001109152 DE10109152B4 (de) 2001-02-24 2001-02-24 Vorrichtung zur Füllstandsregelung von Flüssigkeitsbehältern
PCT/EP2001/014980 WO2002050498A1 (fr) 2000-12-20 2001-12-18 Procede et dispositif de mesure de niveaux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1348108A1 true EP1348108A1 (fr) 2003-10-01

Family

ID=26008012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01994806A Ceased EP1348108A1 (fr) 2000-12-20 2001-12-18 Procede et dispositif de mesure de niveaux

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6943566B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1348108A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4208572B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20030074673A (fr)
CN (1) CN100335870C (fr)
AU (1) AU2002224949A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002050498A1 (fr)

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JP2004535548A (ja) 2004-11-25
US20040070408A1 (en) 2004-04-15
CN1503899A (zh) 2004-06-09
US6943566B2 (en) 2005-09-13
KR20030074673A (ko) 2003-09-19
WO2002050498A1 (fr) 2002-06-27
JP4208572B2 (ja) 2009-01-14
CN100335870C (zh) 2007-09-05
AU2002224949A1 (en) 2002-07-01

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