EP1347253B1 - Système de conditionnement d'air et procédé associé en particulier pour le refroidissement et le chauffage dans des bâtiments - Google Patents

Système de conditionnement d'air et procédé associé en particulier pour le refroidissement et le chauffage dans des bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1347253B1
EP1347253B1 EP02017103A EP02017103A EP1347253B1 EP 1347253 B1 EP1347253 B1 EP 1347253B1 EP 02017103 A EP02017103 A EP 02017103A EP 02017103 A EP02017103 A EP 02017103A EP 1347253 B1 EP1347253 B1 EP 1347253B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
ring main
temperature
heat pump
heat
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02017103A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1347253A1 (fr
Inventor
Meinardus Bernardus Van Der Hoff
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colt International Licensing Ltd
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Colt International Holdings AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/54—Heating and cooling, simultaneously or alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for Air conditioning in buildings.
  • the task is solved by a device that consists of several decentralized Heat pumps in the building, at least one central heat pump, a loop, which is filled with a liquid, and at least one circulation pump, which is connected to the loop, consists of liquid from the loop can be fed into the heat pumps and returned to the loop is, and liquid from the loop into the bidirectionally operable central heat pump and from this again in the ring line is recoverable.
  • the object is further achieved by a method, according to which decentralized heat pumps in the building from a ring line fluid get conveyed, which decentralized heat pumps in the building the liquid depending on a selected one Cooling or heating function for room air cool or heat the liquid from the decentralized heat pumps back into the loop is transported at Exceeding or falling below certain thresholds, which for excess heat and / or heat deficit in the loop, the liquid in a central Heat pump is passed to cool or heat the liquid and then re-feed the loop, and the liquid during the Circulation is transported by at least one circulation pump.
  • central heat pump is meant an aggregate, which by its function It is not primarily the actual climate in a climate zone that adjusts to a target climate, but specifically influences the temperature of the liquid in the loop.
  • the "decentralized” heat pumps are controlled according to their function, an actual climate to adapt to a given target climate in a climatic zone.
  • a central Heat pump can excess energy from the loop, for example the outside air, to the ground or to the groundwater give or needed energy take from it. It is equally possible to be adjacent to the waste heat Buildings such as a production hall to heat or arising there Receive process heat and feed into the loop.
  • the connection of decentral heat pumps in the building to a common loop allows first a summation and an exchange of the individual Heating or cooling needs of the respective user who are in the climatic zone of a stop every decentralized heat pump in the building. For the heating and cooling needs in each climate zone is therefore no longer the individual Need corresponding primary energy used for heating or cooling.
  • the when cooling a room or a climatic zone won energy can over the Ring line to be used for heating a different climate zone.
  • the temperature of the liquid in the loop is increased as a result of heating in one Climate zone reduced, which in turn facilitates the cooling of another climate zone.
  • the temperature of the liquid in the Ring line should not be identical with the average room temperature Building.
  • the heat pump technology allows it, rather, at a temperature the zuge felicitten liquid of, for example, 18 ° C, the room air in one of a Heat pump supplied climate zone to 22 ° C high, then the Temperature of the liquid fed back into the loop, for example 15 ° C can lie.
  • a heat pump at a temperature of supplied liquid of 23 ° C, the room air in an associated climatic zone Lower 20 ° C, the temperature of the supplied liquid then at, for example 29 ° C can lie. In this way, a very significant part of the Cooling or heating demand of a building over the temperature development of a building Buffered day by means of the loop, without requiring an additional Heating or cooling would be required.
  • Additional heating or cooling will only be done after summation of the individual Heating and cooling needs needed when between the room temperature in the building and the temperature of the loop over several hours or day sections clear differences occur. This then creates either one Excess heat in the building, if this for a long time or in a considerable Temperature difference should be kept cooler than e.g. the actual value spectrum the loop, or there is a thermal deficit when the temperature in the building clearly or over a longer period of time over the actual value spectrum the loop should be kept. In this case, additional heating and Cooling energy required.
  • each separate Heating and cooling systems include one or more central heat pumps,
  • a very high thermal and energetic Efficiency in relation to the conventionally used conventional Systems are achieved.
  • rooms are cleared, which were previously used for the conventional ones Heating and cooling systems were required.
  • a very important advantage is seen in the flatter and more stable temperature spectrum, within all of which are located on the loop central and decentral heat pumps can be operated.
  • the feed temperatures of heat pumps are now only a few degrees above or below the respective room temperatures, see above that a complex isolation of the inlet and outlet lines, at least within of the building is eliminated.
  • FIG. 1 the outer wall 2 of a building is shown schematically. Within of the building, the decentralized heat pumps W1, W2, W3 to WN are shown, all of which are installed inside the building.
  • the heat pumps W1 to WN are connected to a common loop 4, which is filled with water is.
  • the water is by means of one or more circulation pumps 6 in one Circulating moves.
  • valves - the Zu- or drain of liquid from the loop to the heat pumps W1 to WN, but also to the central heat pumps WA1 and WA2 of the building during commissioning and maintenance are regulated or shut off.
  • the embodiment are two central heat pumps WA1 and WA2 outside the building shown.
  • central heat pumps can also be located on the roof or in the room be installed in the basement of a building with appropriate inlet and outlet pipes for the supply and removal of the transport medium, with the accumulating Heat is transportable, such as groundwater or outdoor air.
  • the invention is also with only a single or more central Heat pumps feasible.
  • the optional valve 8 can be closed, the Ring line 4 is then via an optional short-circuit line 10 in circulation mode operated. If there is a heat surplus or a total for the building Heat deficit, the optional valve 8 is opened, the optional valve 12 is closed and the central heat pumps WA1 (and WA2) are in the circulation of the Liquid included in the loop.
  • the temperature values which are indicated on the respective lines in FIG. 1 clarify that represented as operating situation, a heat surplus in the building is.
  • the liquid in the supply line 14 to the heat pump WA1 has a Temperature of 24 ° C.
  • the temperature of the liquid in the return line 16 is 20 ° C.
  • the heat pump WA1 the liquid has therefore been cooled by 4 ° C.
  • the liquid heats up in the loop in the example to the specified value of 22 ° C, as the lines without insulation in a concrete ceiling are laid and the liquid stored in the concrete ceiling Absorbs heat.
  • the liquid reaches via a supply line 18, the of the manifold 4 branches off, a manifold 20.
  • valve 22nd arranged by which the supply of liquid to downstream heat pumps Total is adjustable.
  • a valve 22 for example, a whole Building floor, a building located in a production area or a other special air-conditioning zone permanently regulated or from the air conditioning even be exempted.
  • An individual barrier - e.g. for maintenance purposes - individual heat pumps W1, W2, W3, WN in the building is possible via the valves 24.
  • the supply and return lines The heat pumps W1 to WN are - if possible - in the concrete ceiling 26 or laid in the screed of the concrete floor 26.
  • the temperature values in the return lines of the Heat pumps W1-WN to the distributor 20 can see the decentralized work Heat pumps W1 and W3 in cooling mode, while the decentral heat pump W2 room air heats up and heat pump WN neutral in circulation mode is working.
  • the liquid flowing through the decentralized heat pumps W1 and W3 heats up as a result of the cooling of the room air caused in the heat pumps from 22 ° C in the inlet to 28 ° C in the return on.
  • the heating mode reduced the temperature of the liquid in the decentral heat pump W2 of 22 ° C in the inlet to 16 ° C in the return. Since the decentral heat pump WN on neutral switched off or switched off completely, there is no temperature change in it the flowing liquid.
  • the returns from the decentral heat pumps W1 to WN are collected in the return line 28 and from this in the loop 4 fed back.
  • the different temperatures of the liquids from the individual return lines from the heat pumps W1 to WN add up in the return line 28 to a temperature value of 23.5 ° C.
  • each individual of the decentral heat pumps W1 to WN individually to the operating conditions "Cooling”, “Heating” and “Neutral” are set.
  • This double function is made possible by a bidirectional design of the heat pump units. Bidirectional in this case means that in the cooling mode the air to be cooled is passed through a heat exchanger, which works as an evaporator. in the Heating mode, this same heat exchanger works as a condenser. Likewise will the heat exchanger, which is connected to the ring line, in the cooling mode function as a condenser while working as an evaporator in heating mode.
  • the number of decentralized heat pumps used within the building W1 to WN can be adapted to individual needs.
  • the performance of respective heat pumps is conveniently set so that the desired Room temperatures, taking into account the differences to the possible Outside air temperatures, the thermal insulation of the building, the inner and outer Heat load and the air flow conditions within of the heat pump Climate zone to be influenced can be reached.
  • individual offices each with a decentralized heat pump with comparatively low heat or cooling capacity while in open-plan offices (several) decentralized Heat pumps can be used with a higher level of performance.
  • decentralized Heat pumps in the building, of course, also connected directly to the ring line 4 become. It is to influence the temperature for a particular building too consider the extent to which the feed or return of liquid in decentralized Heat pumps in the building in an appropriate manner by interposed To influence valves.
  • the return loop 30 of the loop 4 is indicated only schematically.
  • the ring line 4 can spread over several floors of a building and through any extend through different building sections. It makes sense to connect one Pressure accumulator 32 and temperature measuring points 34 to the ring line. 4
  • valves As liquid, with which the ring line 4 is filled, water can be used. On However, any other suitable liquid can be used instead of water become.
  • the water itself may contain additives such as antifreeze, antioxidants or other substances that are the concrete application influence positively.
  • valves instead of the embodiment valves also contained controllable pumps, which are in zero position block a flow of liquid. Appropriate controllable pumps and / or valves may be attached to any suitable place on the loop his. You can also use single or multiple heat pumps within and be integrated outside the building. From a functional point of view, it is only necessary to achieve a circulation of liquid in the loop, but depending from heating or cooling needs quite well in the meantime can be interrupted.
  • the temperatures of the liquid mentioned in FIG. 1 are by way of example and apply for the operating case, that a heat surplus in the building arose. At a Thermal deficit in the building, the temperature conditions in an inverse Ratio. Also, the specified temperature values can vary depending on the operating condition and design of the entire system from the specified temperature values differ.
  • a significant influence on the overall function - efficiency, energy storage and reliability - the facility has the establishment of temperature corridors, within which the entire system is to be operated.
  • At one as pleasant Room temperature of 20 to 24 ° C may be the normal temperature range for the return to a fluctuation range of e.g. 16 ° C to 28 ° C are determined. Will this normal temperature range within the loop not just short-term exceeded or fallen below, so there is a case of excess heat or deficit.
  • the inclusion of central heat pumps WA1, WA2 is required to keep the liquid in the loop in a normal temperature range from about 20 ° C to 24 ° C.
  • the measuring point for determining the temperature of the liquid in the loop 4 should preferably be located at a location close to the junction of the Supply line 14 from the ring line 4 to the central heat pump WA1, WA2 is located.
  • This position has the advantage that on the one hand all or almost all decentralized heat pumps W1 to WN in the building their liquid fed back into the loop 4 and thus a complete sum of the energy requirements or surpluses for the entire building is present, and on the other hand on the temperature determination optionally immediately by cooling or heating the liquid through
  • the heat pump WA1, WA2 can be reacted by the measured liquid is directed directly into the central heat pump WA1, WA2.
  • the central heat pumps WA1, WA2 when the temperature value of the liquid in the supply line 14 is a threshold value achieved in a range of 24 ° C to 30 ° C. If the threshold value rises the temperature of the liquid is reached or exceeded, the Heat pump WA1, WA2 starts its work and cools the liquid during the Pass through the heat pump before the liquid returns to the loop 4 is fed back.
  • the threshold When there is a heat deficit, the threshold should be lowered by lowering the temperature the liquid in the loop 4 is reached or exceeded, in a spectrum from 15 ° C to 20 ° C. At appropriately selected thresholds remains the difference between the prevailing temperature in the building and the Temperature of the liquid in the loop 4 comparatively low. At low Temperature differences between the temperature of the liquid in the loop 4 and the room temperatures can significantly higher efficiency of decentralized heat pumps can be achieved in the building, since the heat pumps with their thermal performance must overcome only a small temperature difference. Also, with the comparatively small differences in the temperatures of Room air and liquid heat insulation of the ring and other lines superfluous to transport the liquid; sometimes even disadvantageous. A total of This results in a temperature spectrum on which the liquid in the loop 4 should be kept, from 15 ° C to 30 ° C.
  • a particular advantage of the system described is its great flexibility to see.
  • the system described can be very easy to adapt to new needs.
  • Individual heat pumps in the building can be separated from the system or added in addition without This would have a significant impact on the functioning of the overall system.
  • the tags themselves are easy to carry out. Beyond the heat pump units No special components or tools needed, not commercially available would.
  • the connection is made by several heat pump units not critical, although this in the loop to large temperature differences in the Flow and return could lead.
  • the control of a device can in its basic version be quite simple.
  • the control consists of a Electronic unit consisting of microprocessors with a suitable programming consists.
  • the microprocessor unit is operationally equipped with a temperature sensor connected, which monitors the temperature of the liquid in the loop 4. Measures the sensor has a temperature that corresponds to a threshold, so controls the control / regulation the otional valves 8 and 12 to the flow direction of the liquid to influence in the ring line as needed.
  • the control / regulation give an actuating command to the central heat pumps WA1, WA2, to activate or deactivate them or to set the heating or cooling function.
  • the liquid from the loop 4 should be continuously through the central Heat pump WA1, WA2 flow through.
  • a temperature sensor measures continuously the temperature of the flowing from the loop 4 liquid. So long the temperature of the liquid within the between the lower and upper Threshold lying normal range moves, the heat pump remains off and the liquid flows through the heat pump without it Temperature level thereby changed. Does the temperature sensor report reaching a threshold value, so switches the control / regulation of the central heat pump WA1, WA2 if the upper threshold value is exceeded, the cooling function of the Heat pump on, while reaching or falling below the lower Threshold the heating function of the central heat pump is switched on.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Dispositif de climatisation de bâtiments, constitué de :
    plusieurs pompes à chaleur (W1-WN) décentralisées dans le bâtiment,
    au moins une pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2),
    un conduit en boucle (4) qui est rempli de liquide,
    au moins une pompe de circulation (6) qui est raccordée au conduit en boucle (4),
    le liquide pouvant être transporté depuis le conduit en boucle (4) jusque dans les pompes à chaleur (W1-WN) et être renvoyé dans le conduit en boucle (4) et le liquide provenant du conduit en boucle (4) pouvant être transporté dans la pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2), qui peut être utilisée dans les deux sens, et renvoyé depuis celle-ci jusque dans le conduit en boucle (4).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le liquide est constitué totalement ou partiellement d'eau.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau d'au moins des parties du conduit en boucle (4) est exclusivement une matière synthétique.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins plusieurs pompes à chaleur décentralisées (W1-WN) travaillent dans les deux sens.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la température de l'air que les pompes à chaleur (W1-WN) refoulent dans leur zone respective de climatisation du bâtiment peut être modifiée annuellement et/ou automatiquement.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que des pompes à chaleur décentralisées (W1-WN) sont montées dans le bâtiment soit verticalement sur la paroi soit horizontalement dans ou en dessous du plafond des locaux.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une commande/régulation électronique détecte la température du liquide dans le conduit en boucle (4) et en ce qu'un moyen de réglage (8, 12) capable d'agir sur l'apport de liquide depuis le conduit en boucle (4) jusque dans la pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) et/ou sur l'apport de liquide depuis la pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) jusque dans le conduit en boucle (4) peut être commandé par la commande/régulation.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la commande/régulation maintient la température du liquide dans le conduit en boucle (4) dans une plage comprise entre 15°C et 30°C par ouverture et fermeture du moyen de réglage (8, 12).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la commande/régulation est programmée de telle sorte qu'en cas d'excès de chaleur dans le conduit en boucle (4), du liquide ne peut être transporté depuis le conduit en boucle (4) jusque dans la pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) que si la valeur de la température du liquide qui peut être apporté à la pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) augmente à une valeur de seuil minimum située dans la plage de 24°C à 30°C.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la commande/régulation est programmée de telle sorte qu'en cas de déficit de chaleur dans le conduit en boucle (4), du liquide provenant du conduit en boucle (4) ne peut être transporté dans la pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) que si la valeur de la température du liquide qui peut être apporté à la pompe à chaleur (WA1, WA2) descend à une valeur de seuil minimum comprise dans la plage de 15°C à 20°C.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que des parties du conduit en boucle (4) sont posées dans des plafonds en béton (26), des parois, de l'enduit ou une chape de béton.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux pompes à chaleur centrales (WA1, WA2) sont raccordées au conduit en boucle (4).
  13. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif dispose d'une commande/régulation qui:
    débranche une pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) lorsque la température du liquide dans le conduit en boucle (4) se trouve dans une plage normale,
    la branche en refroidissement lorsque la température atteint ou dépasse une valeur supérieure de seuil de température et qui,
    la branche en chauffage lorsque la température atteint ou descend en dessous d'une valeur de seuil inférieure de température.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de seuil inférieure est comprise dans une plage de 15°C à 20°C et la valeur de seuil supérieure dans une plage de 24°C à 30°C.
  15. Procédé de climatisation de bâtiments, dans lequel:
    des pompes à chaleur (W1-WN) décentralisées dans le bâtiment reçoivent du liquide d'un conduit en boucle (4),
    les pompes à chaleur (W1-WN) décentralisées dans le bâtiment refroidissent ou réchauffent le liquide en fonction du fonctionnement présélectionné en refroidissement ou en chauffage de l'air ambiant,
    le liquide provenant des pompes à chaleur décentralisées (W1, WN) est renvoyé dans le conduit en boucle (4),
    en cas de dépassement vers le haut ou vers le bas de valeurs de seuil définies qui correspondent à un excès de chaleur et/ou à un déficit de chaleur dans le conduit en boucle (4), le liquide est transporté dans une pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) qui refroidit ou réchauffe le liquide et le renvoie ensuite dans le conduit en boucle (4),
    pendant la recirculation, le liquide est transporté par au moins une pompe de circulation (6).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'une commande/régulation maintient la température du liquide dans le conduit en boucle (4) dans une plage de température de 15°C à 30°C.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de seuil supérieure de la température du liquide qui déclenche le fonctionnement en refroidissement d'une pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) est comprise dans la plage de 24°C à 30°C.
  18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de seuil inférieure de la température du liquide qui déclenche le fonctionnement en chauffage d'une pompe à chaleur centrale (WA1, WA2) est comprise dans la plage de 15°C à 20°C.
  19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 18, caractérisé en ce que des parties du conduit en boucle (4) délivrent de la chaleur ou du froid dans des éléments de la structure du bâtiment.
EP02017103A 2002-03-23 2002-07-30 Système de conditionnement d'air et procédé associé en particulier pour le refroidissement et le chauffage dans des bâtiments Expired - Lifetime EP1347253B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20204688U 2002-03-23
DE20204688 2002-03-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1347253A1 EP1347253A1 (fr) 2003-09-24
EP1347253B1 true EP1347253B1 (fr) 2004-09-22

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EP (1) EP1347253B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE277331T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50201095D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1347253T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2227369T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1347253E (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007043714B4 (de) * 2007-09-13 2016-09-15 Pedotherm Gmbh Fußbodenheizung in einem Gebäude

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2685176A1 (fr) 2012-07-13 2014-01-15 Meinardus Bernardus Antonius van der Hoff Appareil et procédé pour influencer la température dans un bâtiment
CN107449178A (zh) * 2016-05-30 2017-12-08 徐子舟 太阳能热虹吸及重力能自循环热能转换一体化系统

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3654988A (en) * 1970-02-24 1972-04-11 American Standard Inc Freeze protection for outdoor cooler
JPH01196468A (ja) * 1988-02-01 1989-08-08 Yazaki Corp 冷暖負荷駆動方法およびその装置
JPH02223755A (ja) * 1989-02-27 1990-09-06 Toshiba Corp 空気調和機

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007043714B4 (de) * 2007-09-13 2016-09-15 Pedotherm Gmbh Fußbodenheizung in einem Gebäude

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DK1347253T3 (da) 2004-12-20
PT1347253E (pt) 2005-01-31
ES2227369T3 (es) 2005-04-01
EP1347253A1 (fr) 2003-09-24
ATE277331T1 (de) 2004-10-15
DE50201095D1 (de) 2004-10-28

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