EP1339976A1 - Fuel injection device - Google Patents

Fuel injection device

Info

Publication number
EP1339976A1
EP1339976A1 EP01997638A EP01997638A EP1339976A1 EP 1339976 A1 EP1339976 A1 EP 1339976A1 EP 01997638 A EP01997638 A EP 01997638A EP 01997638 A EP01997638 A EP 01997638A EP 1339976 A1 EP1339976 A1 EP 1339976A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel injection
injection device
metering valve
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01997638A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Achim Brenk
Wolfgang Klenk
Roland Bleher
Uwe Gordon
Manfred Mack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1339976A1 publication Critical patent/EP1339976A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/105—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/16—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps characterised by having multi-stage compression of fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0007—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M63/0021—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M63/0022—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the arrangement of mobile armatures the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the fuel injection device is designed to be pressure-controlled.
  • a pressure-controlled fuel injection device is understood to mean that the fuel pressure prevailing in the nozzle space of an injection nozzle moves a nozzle needle against the action of a closing force (spring), so that the injection opening is released for injection of the fuel from the nozzle space into the cylinder becomes.
  • the pressure with which fuel emerges from the nozzle chamber into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine is referred to as the injection pressure, while a system pressure is understood to mean the pressure at which fuel is available or is stored within the fuel injection device.
  • Fuel metering means providing a defined amount of fuel for injection.
  • Leakage is to be understood as an amount of fuel that is generated during the operation of the fuel injector (e.g. a guide leak), is not used for injection and is returned to the fuel tank.
  • the pressure level of this leakage can have a standing pressure, the fuel then being expanded to the pressure level of the fuel tank.
  • the injection pressure can be adapted to the load and speed.
  • a pre-injection is often carried out here to reduce noise.
  • Pressure-controlled injection is known to be cheap for reducing emissions.
  • Pressure-controlled fuel injection devices currently have metering valves and control modules which are arranged in the region of the injection nozzles for functional reasons.
  • a fuel injection device according to claim 1 is proposed. Without adversely affecting the hydrodynamic properties, it is possible to integrate the metering valve in the form of a 3/2-way metering valve.
  • the metering valve can be designed as a module that can be screwed into the common rail housing. The precise machining of the valve seat surfaces can already be carried out during the manufacture of the module.
  • the high-pressure sealing of the metering valve takes place via a flat sealing surface. Possibly. the surface pressure can be increased by biting edges or biting teeth in order to achieve an even better seal.
  • the seal can also be supported by the design of a conical valve seat. This also reduces the overall space required for the metering valve. For reasons of grinding technology, the components of the metering valve and other functional units that are integrated in the common rail should be as rotationally symmetrical as possible.
  • a constant pressure valve for example a constant pressure valve, which is arranged on a bore which is preferably arranged parallel to the pressure storage space. This means that there is fuel with a defined static pressure between the metering valve and the injection nozzle.
  • the invention is also suitable for common rail systems with a pressure booster. With these systems, a flushing throttle can also be integrated into the common rail housing.
  • the invention has the advantage that the complex components, metering valve (solenoid valve), one or more throttles. Equal pressure valve or pressure booster can be installed as modules in the common rail housing. There is therefore a unit that can form the basis for a wide variety of engine types.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first pressure-controlled fuel injection device in cross section.
  • Fig. 2 shows the fuel injection device of Figure 1 in longitudinal section.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows an enlarged detail of the high-pressure seal of the metering valve of the fuel device according to FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 4 shows a second pressure-controlled fuel device in longitudinal section.
  • a quantity-controlled fuel pump conveys fuel from a storage tank via a delivery line into a central pressure storage space 2 of a common rail housing 3, of which several pressure lines 4 corresponding to the number of individual cylinders to the individual injection nozzles 5 projecting into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied. Only one of the injection nozzles 5 is shown in more detail in FIG. 1.
  • a system pressure is generated and stored in the pressure storage chamber 2 with a pressure of 300 to approximately 1800 bar.
  • Metering valves 6 are flanged to the common rail housing 3 and are designed as 3/2-way valves. With the aid of the metering valve 6, the injection for each cylinder is realized in a pressure-controlled manner.
  • the pressure line 4 connects the pressure accumulator chamber 2 to a nozzle chamber 7.
  • the injection takes place with the aid of a piston-shaped nozzle needle 8 which is axially displaceable in a guide bore and has a conical valve sealing surface at one end, with which it interacts with a valve seat surface on the housing of the injection nozzle 5.
  • Injection openings are provided on the valve seat surface of the housing.
  • a pressure surface pointing in the opening direction of the nozzle needle 8 is exposed to the pressure prevailing there, which is supplied to the nozzle space 7 via the pressure line 4.
  • a high-pressure fuel wave runs in the pressure line 4 to the nozzle chamber 7.
  • the nozzle needle 8 is raised against a restoring force (closing spring) from the valve seat surface and the injection process begins.
  • a bore 9 is integrated in the common rail housing 3 and can also be connected to the pressure line 4 via the metering valve 6 (standing pressure).
  • the bore 9 is formed parallel to the pressure storage space 2 in the common rail housing 3.
  • the nozzle chamber 7 is connected either to the pressure storage chamber 2 for pressurization or to the bore 9 for pressure relief.
  • the bore 9 arranged parallel to the pressure storage space 2 can be closed by means of a constant pressure valve 10.
  • the pressure within the bore 9 is regulated to a constant stand pressure between the metering valve 6 and the injector 5 (or kept at a constant stand pressure).
  • the installation of the metering valve 6 in the region of the valve seat can be supported by biting edges 11 or biting teeth, which enable the metering valve 6 to be clamped or clamped quickly and securely.
  • an injection nozzle 13 with a pressure booster is used in a fuel injection device 12.
  • the injection nozzle 13 is also connected to the common rail housing via a pressure line.
  • an additional line 14 and a flushing throttle 15 for refilling or flushing the pressure booster can be connected to the common rail housing 16 in order to avoid cavities or overheating.
  • the pressure storage chamber 18 is connected to the pressure booster via the high pressure line.
  • the high-pressure line to the pressure booster is connected to the pressure line 14 and to the flushing throttle 15.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure-controlled fuel injection device (1), comprising a common rail (2, 18), an injection nozzle (5) and a metering valve (6) for controlling said injection nozzle (5). According to the invention, the metering valve (6) is incorporated into the common rail (2, 18), in order to reduce the manufacturing costs of the fuel injection device (1).

Description

KraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtungFuel injection system
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 .The invention relates to a fuel injection device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Zum besseren Verständnis der Beschreibung und der Patentansprüche werden nachfolgend einige Begriffe erläutert: Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß der Erfindung ist druckgesteuert ausgebildet. Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird unter einer druckqesteuerten Kraftstoff einspritzeinrichtunq verstanden, dass durch den im Düsenraum einer Einspritzdüse herrschenden Kraftstoffdruck eine Düsennadel gegen die Wirkung einer Schließkraft (Feder) bewegt wird, so dass die Einspritzöffnung für eine Einspritzung des Kraftstoffs aus dem Düsenraurn in den Zylinder freigegeben wird. Der Druck, mit dem Kraftstoff aus dem Düsenraum in einen Zylinder einer Brenπkraftmaschine austritt, wird als Einspritzdruck bezeichnet, während unter einem Systemdruck der Druck verstanden wird, unter dem Kraftstoff innerhalb der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung zur Verfügung steht bzw. bevorratet ist. Kraftstoffzumessung bedeutet, eine definierte Kraftstoffmenge zur Einspritzung bereitzustellen. Unter Leckage ist eine Menge an Kraftstoff zu verstehen, die beim Betrieb der Kraftstoff einspritzeinrichtung entsteht (z.B. eine Führungsleckage), nicht zur Einspritzung verwendet und zum Kraftstofftank zurückgefördert wird. Das Druckniveau dieser Leckage kann einen Standdruck aufweisen, wobei der Kraftstoff anschließend auf das Druckniveau des Kraftstofftanks entspannt wird.For a better understanding of the description and the patent claims, some terms are explained below: The fuel injection device according to the invention is designed to be pressure-controlled. In the context of the invention, a pressure-controlled fuel injection device is understood to mean that the fuel pressure prevailing in the nozzle space of an injection nozzle moves a nozzle needle against the action of a closing force (spring), so that the injection opening is released for injection of the fuel from the nozzle space into the cylinder becomes. The pressure with which fuel emerges from the nozzle chamber into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine is referred to as the injection pressure, while a system pressure is understood to mean the pressure at which fuel is available or is stored within the fuel injection device. Fuel metering means providing a defined amount of fuel for injection. Leakage is to be understood as an amount of fuel that is generated during the operation of the fuel injector (e.g. a guide leak), is not used for injection and is returned to the fuel tank. The pressure level of this leakage can have a standing pressure, the fuel then being expanded to the pressure level of the fuel tank.
Bei Common Rail Systemen kann der Einspritzdruck an Last und Drehzahl angepaßt werden. Zur Geräuschminderung wird hier oft eine Voreinspritzung durchgeführt. Zur Reduzierung von Emissionen ist eine druckgesteuerte Einspritzung bekanntermaßen günstig.With common rail systems, the injection pressure can be adapted to the load and speed. A pre-injection is often carried out here to reduce noise. Pressure-controlled injection is known to be cheap for reducing emissions.
Derzeit weisen druckgesteuerte Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtungen Zumeßventile und Steuermodule auf, welche aus Funktionsgründen im Bereich der Einspritzdüsen angeordnet sind. Vorteile der ErfindungPressure-controlled fuel injection devices currently have metering valves and control modules which are arranged in the region of the injection nozzles for functional reasons. Advantages of the invention
Zur Reduzierung des Fertigungsaufwands wird eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 vorgeschlagen. Ohne Beeinträchtigung der hydrodynamischen Eigenschaften ist es möglich, das Zumeßventil in Form eines 3/2-Wegezumeßventils in das Rail zu integrieren. Das Zumeßventil kann als in das Common-Rail-Gehäuse einschraubbares Modul ausgebildet sein. Die präzise Bearbeitung der Ventilsitzflächen kann bereits bei der Fertigung des Moduls durchgeführt werden.To reduce the manufacturing effort, a fuel injection device according to claim 1 is proposed. Without adversely affecting the hydrodynamic properties, it is possible to integrate the metering valve in the form of a 3/2-way metering valve. The metering valve can be designed as a module that can be screwed into the common rail housing. The precise machining of the valve seat surfaces can already be carried out during the manufacture of the module.
Die Hochdruckabdichtung des Zumeßventils erfolgt über eine Plandichtfläche. Ggf. kann die Flächenpressung durch Beißkanten oder Beißzähne verstärkt werden, um eine noch bessere Abdichtung zu erreichen. Die Abdichtung kann auch durch die Gestaltung eines konischen Ventilsitzes unterstützt werden. Hierdurch verkleinert sich auch der erforderliche Gesamtbauraum für das Zumeßventil. Aus schleiftechnischen Gründen sollten die Bauteile des Zumeßventils und anderer Funktionseinheiten, die in das Common-Rail integriert werden möglichst rotationssymmetrisch sein.The high-pressure sealing of the metering valve takes place via a flat sealing surface. Possibly. the surface pressure can be increased by biting edges or biting teeth in order to achieve an even better seal. The seal can also be supported by the design of a conical valve seat. This also reduces the overall space required for the metering valve. For reasons of grinding technology, the components of the metering valve and other functional units that are integrated in the common rail should be as rotationally symmetrical as possible.
Bei entsprechender Abstimmung der Länge der Druckleitung vom Zumeßventil zur Einspritzdüse wird eine Druckerhöhung im Düsenraum gegenüber dem Raildruck um 20 bis 30 % erreicht. Diese Druckerhöhung wirkt sich positiv auf die Strahlaufbereitung sowie auf das Abgasverhalten des Motors aus.With a corresponding adjustment of the length of the pressure line from the metering valve to the injection nozzle, a pressure increase in the nozzle area compared to the rail pressure of 20 to 30% is achieved. This pressure increase has a positive effect on the jet treatment and the exhaust gas behavior of the engine.
Es können weitere Funktionsanbauteile, beispielsweise ein Gleichdruckventil, vorgesehen sein, das an einer vorzugsweise parallel zum Druckspeicherraum angeordneten Bohrung angeordnet ist. Dies führt dazu, dass sich zwischen dem Zumeßventil und der Einspritzdüse Kraftstoff mit einem definierten Standdruck befindet.Further functional add-on parts, for example a constant pressure valve, can be provided, which is arranged on a bore which is preferably arranged parallel to the pressure storage space. This means that there is fuel with a defined static pressure between the metering valve and the injection nozzle.
Die Erfindung ist auch für Common-Rail-Systeme mit einem Druckverstärker geeignet. Bei diesen Systemen kann zusätzlich eine Spüldrossel in das Common- Rail-Gehäuse integriert werden. Zusammenfassend gesagt, besitzt die Erfindung den Vorteil, dass die komplexen Bauteile, Zumeßventil (Magnetventil), eine oder mehrere Drosseln. Gleichdruckventil oder Druckverstärker, als Module in das Common-Rail-Gehäuse eingebaut werden. Daher liegt eine Einheit vor, die eine Basis für unterschiedlichste Motorentypen bilden kann.The invention is also suitable for common rail systems with a pressure booster. With these systems, a flushing throttle can also be integrated into the common rail housing. In summary, the invention has the advantage that the complex components, metering valve (solenoid valve), one or more throttles. Equal pressure valve or pressure booster can be installed as modules in the common rail housing. There is therefore a unit that can form the basis for a wide variety of engine types.
Zeichnungdrawing
Drei Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung sind in der schematischen Zeichnung dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert. Es zeigen:Three exemplary embodiments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are shown in the schematic drawing and are explained in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine erste druckgesteuerte Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung im Querschnitt;1 shows a first pressure-controlled fuel injection device in cross section.
Fig. 2 die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Fig. 1 im Längsschnitt;Fig. 2 shows the fuel injection device of Figure 1 in longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 eine Detailvergrößerung der Hochdruckabdichtung des Zumeßventils der Kraftstoffeinrichtung nach Fign. 1 und 2;3 shows an enlarged detail of the high-pressure seal of the metering valve of the fuel device according to FIGS. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 eine zweite druckgesteuerte Kraftstoff einrichtung im Längsschnitt;.Fig. 4 shows a second pressure-controlled fuel device in longitudinal section.
Beschreibung der AusfϋhrungsbeispieleDescription of the design examples
Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten druckgesteuerten Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung 1 fördert eine in der Figur nicht gezeigte mengengeregelte Kraftstoffpumpe Kraftstoff aus einem Vorratstank über eine Förderleitung in einen zentralen Druckspeicherraum 2 eines Common-Rail-Gehäuses 3, von dem mehrere, der Anzahl einzelner Zylinder entsprechende Druckleitungen 4 zu den einzelnen, in den Brennraum der zu versorgenden Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Einspritzdüsen 5 abführen. In der Fig. 1 ist lediglich eine der Einspritzdüsen 5 näher dargestellt. Mit Hilfe der Kraftstoffpumpe wird ein Systemdruck erzeugt und im Druckspeicherraum 2 mit einem Druck von 300 bis ca. 1800 bar gespeichert.In the pressure-controlled fuel injection device 1 shown in FIG. 1, a quantity-controlled fuel pump (not shown in the figure) conveys fuel from a storage tank via a delivery line into a central pressure storage space 2 of a common rail housing 3, of which several pressure lines 4 corresponding to the number of individual cylinders to the individual injection nozzles 5 projecting into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied. Only one of the injection nozzles 5 is shown in more detail in FIG. 1. With With the help of the fuel pump, a system pressure is generated and stored in the pressure storage chamber 2 with a pressure of 300 to approximately 1800 bar.
Am Common-Rail-Gehäuse 3 sind Zumeßventile 6 angeflanscht, die als 3/2-Wege- Ventile ausgebildet sind. Mit Hilfe des Zumeßventils 6 wird die Einspritzung für jeden Zylinder druckgesteuert realisiert. Die Druckleitung 4 verbindet den Druckspeicherraum 2 mit einem Düsenraum 7. Die Einspritzung erfolgt mit Hilfe einer in einer Führungsbohrung axial verschiebbaren kolbenförmigen Düsennadel 8 mit einer konischen Ventildichtfläche an ihrem einen Ende, mit der sie mit einer Ventilsitzfläche am Gehäuse der Einspritzdüse 5 zusammenwirkt. An der Ventilsitzfläche des Gehäuses sind Einspritzöffnungen vorgesehen. Innerhalb des Düsenraums 7 ist eine in Öffnungsrichtung der Düsennadel 8 weisende Druckfläche dem dort herrschenden Druck ausgesetzt, welcher dem Düsenraum 7 über die Druckleitung 4 zugeführt wird.Metering valves 6 are flanged to the common rail housing 3 and are designed as 3/2-way valves. With the aid of the metering valve 6, the injection for each cylinder is realized in a pressure-controlled manner. The pressure line 4 connects the pressure accumulator chamber 2 to a nozzle chamber 7. The injection takes place with the aid of a piston-shaped nozzle needle 8 which is axially displaceable in a guide bore and has a conical valve sealing surface at one end, with which it interacts with a valve seat surface on the housing of the injection nozzle 5. Injection openings are provided on the valve seat surface of the housing. Within the nozzle space 7, a pressure surface pointing in the opening direction of the nozzle needle 8 is exposed to the pressure prevailing there, which is supplied to the nozzle space 7 via the pressure line 4.
Nach dem Öffnen des Zumeßventils 6 läuft eine Kraftstoff-Hochdruckwelle in der Druckleitung 4 zum Düsenraum 7. Die Düsennadel 8 wird gegen eine Rückstellkraft (Schließfeder) von der Ventilsitzfläche abgehoben und der Einspritzvorgang beginnt.After opening the metering valve 6, a high-pressure fuel wave runs in the pressure line 4 to the nozzle chamber 7. The nozzle needle 8 is raised against a restoring force (closing spring) from the valve seat surface and the injection process begins.
In das Common-Rail-Gehäuse 3 ist eine Bohrung 9 integriert, welche ebenfalls über das Zumeßventil 6 mit der Druckleitung 4 verbunden werden kann (Standdruck). Die Bohrung 9 ist parallel zum Druckspeicherraum 2 im Common-Rail-Gehäuse 3 ausgebildet.A bore 9 is integrated in the common rail housing 3 and can also be connected to the pressure line 4 via the metering valve 6 (standing pressure). The bore 9 is formed parallel to the pressure storage space 2 in the common rail housing 3.
Mit Hilfe des Zumeßventils 6 wird der Düsenraum 7 entweder zur Druckbeaufschlagung an den Druckspeicherraum 2 oder zur Druckentlastung an die Bohrung 9 angeschlossen. Aus der Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, dass die parallel zum Druckspeicherraum 2 angeordnete Bohrung 9 über ein Gleichdruckventil 10 verschliessbar ist. Der Druck innerhalb der Bohrung 9 wird auf einen konstanten Standdruck zwischen Zumeßventil 6 und Einspritzdüse 5 geregelt (bzw. auf einem konstanten Standdruck gehalten) Wie in der Fig. 3 dargestellt, kann der Einbau des Zumeßventils 6 im Bereich des Ventilsitzes durch Beißkanten 1 1 oder Beißzähne unterstützt werden, die ein schnelles und sicheren Einspannen oder Festklemmen des Zumeßventils 6 ermöglichen.With the aid of the metering valve 6, the nozzle chamber 7 is connected either to the pressure storage chamber 2 for pressurization or to the bore 9 for pressure relief. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the bore 9 arranged parallel to the pressure storage space 2 can be closed by means of a constant pressure valve 10. The pressure within the bore 9 is regulated to a constant stand pressure between the metering valve 6 and the injector 5 (or kept at a constant stand pressure). As shown in FIG. 3, the installation of the metering valve 6 in the region of the valve seat can be supported by biting edges 11 or biting teeth, which enable the metering valve 6 to be clamped or clamped quickly and securely.
In Fig. 4 kommt bei einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung 12 eine Einspritzdüse 13 einem Druckverstärker (Druckübersetzer) zum Einsatz. Die Einspritzdüse 13 ist ebenfalls über eine Druckleitung am Common-Rail-Gehäuse angeschlossen ist. Bei Bedarf kann eine zusätzliche Leitung 14 sowie eine Spüldrossel 15 zur Wiederbefüllung bzw. Spülung des Druckverstärkers am Common-Rail-Gehäuse 16 angeschlossen werden, um Hohlraumbildungen bzw. Überhitzung zu vermeiden. In einer Schaltstellung des Zumeßventils 17 ist der Druckspeicherraum 18 über die Hochdruckleitung mit dem Druckverstärker verbunden. In der anderen Schaltstellung ist die Hochdruckleitung zum Druckverstärker mit der Druckleitung 14 sowie mit der Spüldrossel 1 5 verbunden. 4, an injection nozzle 13 with a pressure booster (pressure booster) is used in a fuel injection device 12. The injection nozzle 13 is also connected to the common rail housing via a pressure line. If necessary, an additional line 14 and a flushing throttle 15 for refilling or flushing the pressure booster can be connected to the common rail housing 16 in order to avoid cavities or overheating. In a switching position of the metering valve 17, the pressure storage chamber 18 is connected to the pressure booster via the high pressure line. In the other switching position, the high-pressure line to the pressure booster is connected to the pressure line 14 and to the flushing throttle 15.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Druckgesteuerte Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung (1 ; 12) mit einem Common-Rail, mit einer Einspritzdüse (5) und mit einem Zumeßventil (6; 1 7) zur Steuerung der Einspritzdüse (5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zumeßventil (6; 17) in das1. Pressure-controlled fuel injection device (1; 12) with a common rail, with an injection nozzle (5) and with a metering valve (6; 1 7) for controlling the injection nozzle (5), characterized in that the metering valve (6; 17) in the
Common-Rail integriert ist.Common rail is integrated.
2. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zumeßventil (6; 17) ein 3/2-WegeventiI ist.2. Fuel injection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the metering valve (6; 17) is a 3/2-way valve.
3. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zumeßventil (6; 1 7) als ein in ein Gehäuse (3) des Common-Raüs einschraubbares Modul ausgebildet ist.3. Fuel injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metering valve (6; 1 7) is designed as a module which can be screwed into a housing (3) of the common space.
4. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Ventilsitz des Zumeßventils (6;17) Beißkanten (1 1 ) ausgebildet sind.4. Fuel injection device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that bite edges (1 1) are formed on the valve seat of the metering valve (6; 17).
5. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach ' einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ventilsitz des Zumeßventils5. Fuel injection device according to ' one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve seat of the metering valve
(6; 17) konisch gestaltet ist.(6; 17) is conical.
6. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass weitere Funktionsanbauteile in das Common-Rail integriert sind. 6. Fuel injection device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that further functional add-on parts are integrated in the common rail.
EP01997638A 2000-11-21 2001-11-21 Fuel injection device Withdrawn EP1339976A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10057683A DE10057683B4 (en) 2000-11-21 2000-11-21 Fuel injection system
DE10057683 2000-11-21
PCT/DE2001/004325 WO2002042636A1 (en) 2000-11-21 2001-11-21 Fuel injection device

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EP1339976A1 true EP1339976A1 (en) 2003-09-03

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US (1) US20040089268A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1339976A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004514825A (en)
DE (1) DE10057683B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2002042636A1 (en)

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US20040089268A1 (en) 2004-05-13
DE10057683B4 (en) 2005-10-06
WO2002042636A1 (en) 2002-05-30
DE10057683A1 (en) 2002-06-06
JP2004514825A (en) 2004-05-20

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