EP1339972B1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1339972B1
EP1339972B1 EP01995537A EP01995537A EP1339972B1 EP 1339972 B1 EP1339972 B1 EP 1339972B1 EP 01995537 A EP01995537 A EP 01995537A EP 01995537 A EP01995537 A EP 01995537A EP 1339972 B1 EP1339972 B1 EP 1339972B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
valve
valve seat
seat body
injection valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01995537A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1339972A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Sebastian
Jens Pohlmann
Martin Maier
Guenter Dantes
Detlef Nowak
Joerg Heyse
Joerg Schlerfer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1339972A1 publication Critical patent/EP1339972A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853Orifice plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Fuel injection valves with multiple injection ports are known. They have downstream of a sealing seat, formed of a valve needle and a valve seat surface, a plurality of generally executed as a bore discharge openings, is hosed through the fuel when the valve needle lifted.
  • a fuel injection valve in which a plurality of injection openings are introduced into the valve seat body. In the area of the injection openings, the fuel injection valve is shaped conically outward.
  • the ejection openings are introduced directly into the valve seat body and downstream of the sealing seat, e.g. arranged on several circles of holes.
  • a disadvantage of the specified fuel injection valves are the thick-walled components in which the spray-orifices are to be introduced. These are required in order to withstand the high fuel pressure or combustion chamber pressure.
  • the radial extent of the spray-discharge orifices can not be chosen to be arbitrarily small, because limits are set by the usable processing methods due to the possible aspect ratio. Remedy can be provided only by reducing the number of spray openings, whereby the radial extent of the individual spray openings is increased while maintaining the Monabspritzqueritess. However, this leads to undesirable concentration gradients of the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.
  • the introduction of the ejection openings is additionally made more difficult.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the features of the main claim has the advantage that the naturalflußblende from a thin disk z. B. a thin membrane or a thin sheet can be produced. This makes it possible, even using cost-effective method, the introduction of smallest spray holes. If the ejection openings are punched, for example, into the flow aperture, then radial expansions in the region of the thickness of the flow aperture can be readily achieved.
  • the arrangement of the thin fürflußblende downstream of the valve seat body also has the advantage that the fürflußblende no mechanical load-bearing functions come.
  • the housing end at the downstream end of the fuel injection valve is formed by the valve seat body.
  • a large number of small ejection openings can be introduced into the flow aperture.
  • the treatment of the sprayed fuel is significantly improved, the sprayed fuel forms a largely homogeneous mixture cloud.
  • the tolerances of the injection orifices to be introduced can be reduced by using well reproducible methods, such as e.g. Punching, kept low.
  • the thus resulting specimen scattering is small and facilitates the design of the fuel injection valve. Ultimately, so the consumption of the internal combustion engine can be reduced.
  • Valve seat body and fürflußblende can have a dome-shaped geometry. On the one hand, this contributes to a lower tendency to coking, on the other hand, the injection orifices can be introduced vertically into the thin fürflußblende, which is brought only in the terminal in its final form. This ensures a vertical outlet of the fuel from the injection openings. Wetting the fürflußbrende can thus be prevented, whereby the coking is further reduced.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is embodied in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 comprises a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat body 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is an electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve 1 which has a plurality of injection openings 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a gap 26 and are based on a connecting member 29 from.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.
  • the valve needle 3 is guided in a disc-shaped valve needle guide 14. This is a shim 15 paired, which serves to adjust the Ventilnadelhubes.
  • An armature 20 is located on the upstream side of the adjusting disk 15. This armature is frictionally connected with the valve needle 3 via a flange 21, which is connected to the flange 21 by a weld 22. On the flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a pressed-in in the inner pole 13 sleeve 24 to bias.
  • valve needle guide 14 and the armature 20 run fuel channels 30a, 30b.
  • a filter element 25 is arranged in a central fuel supply 16.
  • the Fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel line, not shown.
  • the armature 20 In the resting state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon via the flange 21 on the valve needle 3 by the return spring 23 counter to its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon energization of the magnetic coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, wherein the stroke is determined by a located in the rest position between the inner pole 13 and the armature 20 working gap 27. The armature 20 takes the flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 2, and thus the valve needle 3 also in the stroke direction with.
  • valve closing body 4 which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off the valve seat surface 6, the fuel flows past the valve closing body 4, continues through recesses 34, which are arranged in the valve seat body 5, to the ejection openings 7 and is hosed down.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the flange 21 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve needle 3 moves against the stroke direction.
  • the valve closing body 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a detailed partial section of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in section II of FIG. 1.
  • Downstream of the valve seat body 5 is a partially dome-shaped flow aperture 31 corresponding to the downstream geometry of the valve seat body 5, eg fixed by a welded connection 36.
  • a plurality of injection openings 7 are introduced, which downstream to the recesses 34 in the Connect valve seat body 5.
  • the arranged in the fürflußblende 31 spray openings 7 represent the narrowest to be flowed through cross section, so that the amount of metered fuel is determined by the total cross section of the spray openings 7.
  • the valve seat body 5 has a central recess 32, the radial extent of which corresponds to the radial extent of the, for example, spherical valve closing body 4. Towards the downstream end, the central recess 32 tapers and forms the valve seat surface 6. Downstream, a plurality of recesses 34 are introduced into the valve seat body 5. These may e.g. be introduced by drilling into the valve seat body 5 and connect the ejection openings 7 with the fuel injected with open fuel injector 1 volume 33 between the valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body fifth
  • the volume 33 is kept small by design of the valve seat body 5 with a corresponding with the valve closing body 4 internal geometry.
  • the inside of the valve seat body 5 may for example have a spherical shape whose radius is slightly smaller than that of the valve closing body 4.
  • the central recess 32 of the valve seat body 5 guides the valve closing body 4 during the stroke.
  • flats 35 are attached to the valve closing body 4.
  • the flow path formed between the flats 35 and the valve seat body 5 in this case has a larger cross section than all spray openings 7 in the fürflußblende 31 in common, so that even with fully open fuel injector 1 as the only limiting flow restricting the fürflußblende 31 with the injection openings 7 introduced therein acts.
  • the introduced in the naturalflußblende 31 injection openings 7 are arranged on the fürflußblende 31, that the upstream end of each discharge opening 7 from a recess 34 of the valve seat body 5 opens.
  • the ejection openings 7 may be arranged, for example, in groups on the fürflußblende 31, so that in each case a group of ejection openings 7 opens out of a respective recess 34 of the valve seat body 5.
  • the ejection openings 7 are preferably introduced before forming the fürflußblende 31 in this. This is done e.g. by exact punching, wherein the punching direction is perpendicular to the surface of the still flat fürflußblende 31st After introduction of the ejection openings 7, the naturalflußblende 31 is brought into its final form. It is for this purpose according to the geometry of the valve seat body 5 z. B. deep-drawn, so that e.g. remains radially around the dome-shaped area around a flat annular flange 37, which is suitable for welding the fürflußblende 31 to the valve seat body 5.
  • the thickness of the disc from which the Siriflußblende 31 is made is dimensioned so that the für assupramine 31 is excited to vibrate by the fuel flowing through the spray openings 7 when the fuel injection valve 1 is open. As a result, pressure conditions arise in the individual emerging fuel jets, which promote finer atomization.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.

Brennstoffeinspritzventile mit mehreren Abspritzöffnungen sind bekannt. Sie besitzen stromabwärts eines Dichtsitzes, gebildet aus einer Ventilnadel und einer Ventilsitzfläche, mehrere meist als Bohrungen ausgeführte Abspritzöffnungen, durch die bei abgehobener Ventilnadel Brennstoff abgespritzt wird.Fuel injection valves with multiple injection ports are known. They have downstream of a sealing seat, formed of a valve needle and a valve seat surface, a plurality of generally executed as a bore discharge openings, is hosed through the fuel when the valve needle lifted.

Aus der DE 198 27 219 A1 sind beispielsweise Brennstoffeinspritzventile bekannt, die am stromabwärtigen Ende eine Spritzlochscheibe aufweisen. In dieser Spritzlochscheibe sind Abspritzöffnungen angeordnet, die auf mehrere Lochkreise verteilt sind. Zur Ausbildung einer bestimmten Abspritzgeometrie sind die Abspritzöffnungen mit unterschiedlichen Winkeln gegenüber der Mittelachse des Brennstoffeinspritzventils in die Spritzlochscheibe eingebracht. So kann bei einer ebenen Spritzlochscheibe verhindert werden, daß sich Einzelstrahlen, die z.B. von Abspritzöffnungen des inneren bzw. äußeren Lochkreises abgespritzt werden, in ihrer Ausbreitung gegenseitig stören. Um eine ausreichende Strahlumlenkung zu erzielen, ist die Dicke der Spritzlochscheibe so groß, daß die Strömungslänge entlang der Abspritzöffnung groß gegenüber dem Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnung ist.From DE 198 27 219 A1, for example fuel injection valves are known, which have a spray perforated disk at the downstream end. In this spray perforated injection openings are arranged, which are distributed over several bolt circles. To form a specific Abspritzgeometrie the ejection openings are introduced at different angles relative to the center axis of the fuel injection valve in the spray perforated disk. Thus, it can be prevented in a flat spray perforated disk that individual jets, which are sprayed, for example, from spray orifices of the inner or outer bolt circle, interfere with each other in their propagation. In order to achieve a sufficient beam deflection, the thickness of the spray perforated disk is so large that the flow length along the injection opening is large compared to the diameter of the injection opening.

Ferner ist aus der DE 198 04 463 Al ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil bekannt, bei dem mehrere Abspritzöffnungen in den Ventilsitzkörper eingebracht sind. Im Bereich der Abspritzöffnungen ist das Brennstoffeinspritzventil kegelförmig nach außen geformt. Die Abspritzöffnungen sind direkt in den Ventilsitzkörper eingebracht und stromabwärts des Dichtsitzes z.B. auf mehreren Lochkreisen angeordnet.Furthermore, from DE 198 04 463 Al a fuel injection valve is known in which a plurality of injection openings are introduced into the valve seat body. In the area of the injection openings, the fuel injection valve is shaped conically outward. The ejection openings are introduced directly into the valve seat body and downstream of the sealing seat, e.g. arranged on several circles of holes.

Nachteilig bei den angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventilen sind die dickwandigen Bauteile, in die die Abspritzöffnungen einzubringen sind. Diese sind erforderlich, um dem hohen Brennstoffdruck bzw. Brennraumdruck standhalten zu können.A disadvantage of the specified fuel injection valves are the thick-walled components in which the spray-orifices are to be introduced. These are required in order to withstand the high fuel pressure or combustion chamber pressure.

Die radiale Ausdehnung der Abspritzöffnungen kann aufgrund der dickwandigen Ausführung nicht beliebig klein gewählt werden, weil durch die einsetzbaren Bearbeitungsverfahren durch das mögliche Aspektverhältnis Grenzen gesetzt werden. Abhilfe kann lediglich durch eine Verringerung der Anzahl der Abspritzöffnungen geschaffen werden, wodurch bei gleichzeitiger Beibehaltung des Gesamtabspritzquerschnitts die radiale Ausdehnung der einzelnen Abspritzöffnungen vergrößert wird. Dies führt jedoch zu unerwünschten Konzentrationsgradienten des Brennstoffgemischs im Brennraum.Due to the thick-walled design, the radial extent of the spray-discharge orifices can not be chosen to be arbitrarily small, because limits are set by the usable processing methods due to the possible aspect ratio. Remedy can be provided only by reducing the number of spray openings, whereby the radial extent of the individual spray openings is increased while maintaining the Gesamtabspritzquerschnitts. However, this leads to undesirable concentration gradients of the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.

Konventionelle Bearbeitungsverfahren, wie z.B. spanendes Bohren, sind zwar bis in große Werkstücktiefen möglich, erhöhen aber die Maßtoleranzen. Als Folge ergibt sich eine größere Toleranz bei der Durchflußmenge. Dadurch wird eine optimierte Auslegung der Durchflußmenge erschwert, was letztlich in höherem Verbrauch der Brennkraftmaschine und in verschlechterten Abgaswerten resultiert.Conventional machining methods, such as, for example, metal cutting, are possible up to large workpiece depths, but increase the dimensional tolerances. As a result, there is a greater tolerance in the flow rate. As a result, an optimized design of the flow rate is difficult, which ultimately results in higher fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine and in deteriorated exhaust gas values.

Weist das Brennstoffeinspritzventil eine nicht ebene Geometrie im Bereich der Abspritzöffnungen auf, so ist das Einbringen der Abspritzöffnungen zusätzlich erschwert.If the fuel injection valve has a non-planar geometry in the region of the ejection openings, the introduction of the ejection openings is additionally made more difficult.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß die Durchflußblende aus einer dünnen Scheibe z. B. einer dünnen Membran oder einem dünnen Blech herstellbar ist. Dadurch ist, auch unter Verwendung kostengünstiger Verfahren, das Einbringen kleinster Abspritzöffnungen möglich. Werden die Abspritzöffnungen beispielsweise in die Durchflußblende gestanzt, so sind radiale Ausdehnungen im Bereich der Dicke der Durchflußblende ohne weiteres realisierbar.The fuel injection valve according to the features of the main claim has the advantage that the Durchflußblende from a thin disk z. B. a thin membrane or a thin sheet can be produced. This makes it possible, even using cost-effective method, the introduction of smallest spray holes. If the ejection openings are punched, for example, into the flow aperture, then radial expansions in the region of the thickness of the flow aperture can be readily achieved.

Die Anordnung der dünnen Durchflußblende stromabwärts des Ventilsitzkörpers hat außerdem den Vorteil, daß der Durchflußblende keine mechanisch tragenden Funktionen zukommen. Der Gehäuseabschluß am stromabwärtigen Ende des Brennstoffeinspritzventils wird von dem Ventilsitzkörper gebildet. Zur Zumessung des Brennstoffs können deswegen eine Vielzahl kleine Abspritzöffnungen in die Durchflußblende eingebracht werden. Dadurch wird die Aufbereitung des abgespritzten Brennstoffs deutlich verbessert, der abgespritzte Brennstoff bildet eine weitgehend homogene Gemischwolke aus.The arrangement of the thin Durchflußblende downstream of the valve seat body also has the advantage that the Durchflußblende no mechanical load-bearing functions come. The housing end at the downstream end of the fuel injection valve is formed by the valve seat body. For metering of the fuel therefore a large number of small ejection openings can be introduced into the flow aperture. As a result, the treatment of the sprayed fuel is significantly improved, the sprayed fuel forms a largely homogeneous mixture cloud.

Die Toleranzen der einzubringenden Abspritzöffnungen können bei Verwendung von gut reproduzierbaren Verfahren, wie z.B. Stanzen, gering gehalten werden. Die sich somit ergebende Exemplarstreuung ist klein und erleichtert die Auslegung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils. Letztlich kann so der Verbrauch der Brennkraftmaschine verringert werden.The tolerances of the injection orifices to be introduced can be reduced by using well reproducible methods, such as e.g. Punching, kept low. The thus resulting specimen scattering is small and facilitates the design of the fuel injection valve. Ultimately, so the consumption of the internal combustion engine can be reduced.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs sind durch die in den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Unteransprüche aufgeführten Maßnahmen möglich.Advantageous developments of the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim are possible by the measures listed in the characterizing features of the subclaims.

So können z.B. in dem Ventilsitzkörper nur eine geringe Anzahl von Ausnehmungen angeordnet sein, wodurch sich die Bearbeitung stark vereinfacht. Die Zumessung des Brennstoffs erfolgt jedoch durch eine Vielzahl kleiner Abspritzöffnungen in der Durchflußblende. Damit kann die gute Aufbereitung des Brennstoffsprays beibehalten werden, obwohl in den dickwandigen Ventilsitzkörper nur eine geringe Anzahl von Ausnehmungen eingebracht werden muß, die darüber hinaus grob toleriert sein kann.Thus, e.g. be arranged in the valve seat body only a small number of recesses, which greatly simplifies the processing. The metering of the fuel, however, is carried out by a large number of small spray openings in the Durchflußblende. Thus, the good treatment of the fuel spray can be maintained, although in the thick-walled valve seat body only a small number of recesses must be introduced, which can be roughly tolerated beyond.

Ventilsitzkörper und Durchflußblende können eine kalottenförmige Geometrie aufweisen. Einerseits trägt dies zu einer geringeren Neigung zum Verkoken bei, andererseits können die Abspritzöffnungen senkrecht in die dünne Durchflußblende eingebracht werden, die erst im Anschluß in ihre endgültige Form gebracht wird. Dadurch wird ein senkrechter Austritt des Brennstoffs aus den Abspritzöffnungen gewährleistet. Ein Benetzen der Durchflußblende kann somit verhindert werden, wodurch die Verkokungsgefahr weiter reduziert wird.Valve seat body and Durchflußblende can have a dome-shaped geometry. On the one hand, this contributes to a lower tendency to coking, on the other hand, the injection orifices can be introduced vertically into the thin Durchflußblende, which is brought only in the terminal in its final form. This ensures a vertical outlet of the fuel from the injection openings. Wetting the Durchflußbrende can thus be prevented, whereby the coking is further reduced.

Ferner ist die Auslegung der Durchflußblende als Membran vorteilhaft. Durch Schwingungen, die in einer dünnen Membran leicht angeregt werden können, kann der Vorgang der Zerstäubung unterstützt werden. Bei einer verbesserten Zerstäubung verringert sich die zum Verdampfen des Brennstoffs erforderliche Zeit ebenfalls. Insbesondere bei direkteinspritzenden Brennkraftmaschinen wird dadurch eine verbrauchsoptimierte Einspritzung ermöglicht, da ein späterer Einspritzzeitpunkt gewählt werden kann.Furthermore, the interpretation of Durchflußblende is advantageous as a membrane. Vibrations which are easily excited in a thin membrane can aid in the atomization process. With improved atomization, the time required to vaporize the fuel also decreases. In particular, in the case of direct-injection internal combustion engines, a consumption-optimized injection is thereby made possible, since a later injection time can be selected.

Durch die mit dem Ventilschließkörper korrespondierende Ausgestaltung der Innenseite des Ventilsitzkörpers ist nahezu kein Totvolumen vorhanden. Dadurch kommt es nach Abschluß des Abspritzvorgangs nicht zu einem Abdampfen von nicht abgespritzten Brennstoff am heißen Brennstoffeinspritzventil, was zu Emissionsspitzen führen würde. Zu Beginn des nachfolgenden Abspritzvorgangs wird ferner die Reaktionszeit verringert, da kein Volumen mit Brennstoff befüllt werden muß, bevor zum Ausbilden eines feinen Brennstoffsprays der erforderliche Brennstoffdruck an den Abspritzöffnungen anliegt.Due to the corresponding design of the valve closing body of the inside of the valve seat body almost no dead volume is present. As a result, after completion of the Abspritzvorgangs not come to a vaporization of non-injected fuel on the hot Fuel injector, which would lead to emission peaks. At the beginning of the subsequent injection process, the reaction time is further reduced, since no volume must be filled with fuel before applying the required fuel pressure to the injection orifices to form a fine fuel spray.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Gesamtschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils; und
Fig. 2
einen schematischen Teilschnitt im Ausschnitt II der Fig. 1 durch das Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils.
An embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic overall section through an embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention; and
Fig. 2
a schematic partial section in the section II of Fig. 1 by the embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Bevor anhand der Fig. 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 näher beschrieben wird, soll zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung zunächst anhand von Fig. 1 das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 in einer Gesamtdarstellung bezüglich seiner wesentlichen Bestandteile kurz erläutert werden.Before an embodiment of a fuel injector 1 according to the invention is described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2, the fuel injector 1 according to the invention will be briefly explained in a general view with respect to its essential components for a better understanding of the invention with reference to FIG.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine.The fuel injection valve 1 is embodied in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 umfaßt einen Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 steht mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4 in Wirkverbindung, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein elektromagnetisch betätigtes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über mehrere Abspritzöffnungen 7 verfügt. Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Spalt 26 voneinander getrennt und stützen sich auf einem Verbindungsbauteil 29 ab. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The fuel injection valve 1 comprises a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat body 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat. In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel injection valve 1 is an electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve 1 which has a plurality of injection openings 7. The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10. The magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a gap 26 and are based on a connecting member 29 from. The magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer scheibenförmig ausgeführten Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt. Dieser ist eine Einstellscheibe 15 zugepaart, welche zur Einstellung des Ventilnadelhubes dient. Auf der stromaufwärtigen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich ein Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine in den Innenpol 13 eingepreßte Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a disc-shaped valve needle guide 14. This is a shim 15 paired, which serves to adjust the Ventilnadelhubes. An armature 20 is located on the upstream side of the adjusting disk 15. This armature is frictionally connected with the valve needle 3 via a flange 21, which is connected to the flange 21 by a weld 22. On the flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a pressed-in in the inner pole 13 sleeve 24 to bias.

In der Ventilnadelführung 14 und im Anker 20 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30a, 30b. In einer zentralen Brennstoffzufuhr 16 ist ein Filterelement 25 angeordnet. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht dargestellte Brennstoffleitung abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14 and the armature 20 run fuel channels 30a, 30b. In a central fuel supply 16, a filter element 25 is arranged. The Fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel line, not shown.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der Anker 20 über den Flansch 21 an der Ventilnadel 3 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 an der Ventilsitzfläche 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt, wobei der Hub durch einen in der Ruhestellung zwischen dem Innenpol 13 und dem Anker 20 befindlichen Arbeitsspalt 27 vorgegeben ist. Der Anker 20 nimmt den Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 2 verschweißt ist, und damit die Ventilnadel 3 ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, der Brennstoff strömt an dem Ventilschließkörper 4 vorbei, weiter durch Ausnehmungen 34, welche in dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordnet sind, zu den Abspritzöffnungen 7 und wird abgespritzt.In the resting state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon via the flange 21 on the valve needle 3 by the return spring 23 counter to its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon energization of the magnetic coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, wherein the stroke is determined by a located in the rest position between the inner pole 13 and the armature 20 working gap 27. The armature 20 takes the flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 2, and thus the valve needle 3 also in the stroke direction with. The valve closing body 4, which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off the valve seat surface 6, the fuel flows past the valve closing body 4, continues through recesses 34, which are arranged in the valve seat body 5, to the ejection openings 7 and is hosed down.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 auf den Flansch 21 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich die Ventilnadel 3 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Dadurch setzt der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 auf, und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 wird geschlossen.If the coil current is turned off, the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the flange 21 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve needle 3 moves against the stroke direction. As a result, the valve closing body 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.

Fig. 2 zeigt im Ausschnitt II der Fig. 1 einen detaillierten Teilschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Stromabwärts des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 ist eine teilweise kalottenförmige, mit der stromabwärtigen Geometrie des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 korrespondierende Durchflußblende 31 z.B. durch eine Schweißverbindung 36 befestigt. In die Durchflußblende 31 sind mehrere Abspritzöffnungen 7 eingebracht, welche sich stromabwärts an die Ausnehmungen 34 in dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 anschließen. Die in der Durchflußblende 31 angeordneten Abspritzöffnungen 7 stellen den engsten zu durchströmenden Querschnitt dar, so daß durch den Gesamtquerschnitt der Abspritzöffnungen 7 die Menge des zugemessenen Brennstoffs festgelegt wird.1 shows a detailed partial section of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in section II of FIG. 1. Downstream of the valve seat body 5 is a partially dome-shaped flow aperture 31 corresponding to the downstream geometry of the valve seat body 5, eg fixed by a welded connection 36. In the Durchflußblende 31 a plurality of injection openings 7 are introduced, which downstream to the recesses 34 in the Connect valve seat body 5. The arranged in the Durchflußblende 31 spray openings 7 represent the narrowest to be flowed through cross section, so that the amount of metered fuel is determined by the total cross section of the spray openings 7.

Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 weist eine zentrale Ausnehmung 32 auf, deren radiale Ausdehnung mit der radialen Ausdehnung des beispielsweise kugelförmigen Ventilschließkörpers 4 korrespondiert. Zum stromabwärtigen Ende hin verjüngt sich die zentrale Ausnehmung 32 und bildet die Ventilsitzfläche 6 aus. Stromabwärts sind in den Ventilsitzkörper 5 mehrere Ausnehmungen 34 eingebracht. Diese können z.B. durch Bohren in den Ventilsitzkörper 5 eingebracht sein und verbinden die Abspritzöffnungen 7 mit dem bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 mit Brennstoff bedrückten Volumen 33 zwischen Ventilschließkörper 4 und Ventilsitzkörper 5.The valve seat body 5 has a central recess 32, the radial extent of which corresponds to the radial extent of the, for example, spherical valve closing body 4. Towards the downstream end, the central recess 32 tapers and forms the valve seat surface 6. Downstream, a plurality of recesses 34 are introduced into the valve seat body 5. These may e.g. be introduced by drilling into the valve seat body 5 and connect the ejection openings 7 with the fuel injected with open fuel injector 1 volume 33 between the valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body fifth

Das Volumen 33 wird durch Ausgestaltung des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 mit einer mit dem Ventilschließkörper 4 korrespondierenden Innengeometrie klein gehalten. Die Innenseite des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 kann beispielsweise eine Kugelform aufweisen, deren Radius geringfügig kleiner als der des Ventilschließkörpers 4 ist. Dadurch ist bei geschlossenem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ein definierter Sitz des Ventilschließkörpers 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 sichergestellt, andererseits ein minimales Volumen 33 gewährleistet. Durch das kleine Volumen 33 wird das Abspritzbild zu Beginn und zu Ende des Abspritzvorgangs verbessert.The volume 33 is kept small by design of the valve seat body 5 with a corresponding with the valve closing body 4 internal geometry. The inside of the valve seat body 5 may for example have a spherical shape whose radius is slightly smaller than that of the valve closing body 4. As a result, with the fuel injection valve 1 closed, a defined seat of the valve closing body 4 on the valve seat surface 6 is ensured, and on the other hand, a minimum volume 33 is ensured. Due to the small volume 33, the Abspritzbild is improved at the beginning and end of the Abspritzvorgangs.

Die zentrale Ausnehmung 32 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 führt den Ventilschließkörper 4 während des Hubs. Zum Ausbilden eines Strömungswegs hin zu den Ausnehmungen 34 sind Abflachungen 35 an dem Ventilschließkörper 4 angebracht. Der zwischen den Abflachungen 35 und dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 gebildete Strömungsweg weist dabei einen größeren Querschnitt auf als alle Abspritzöffnungen 7 in der Durchflußblende 31 gemeinsam, so daß auch bei vollständig geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 als einzige die Durchflußmenge begrenzende Drosselstelle die Durchflußblende 31 mit den darin eingebrachten Abspritzöffnungen 7 wirkt.The central recess 32 of the valve seat body 5 guides the valve closing body 4 during the stroke. For forming a flow path toward the recesses 34, flats 35 are attached to the valve closing body 4. The flow path formed between the flats 35 and the valve seat body 5 in this case has a larger cross section than all spray openings 7 in the Durchflußblende 31 in common, so that even with fully open fuel injector 1 as the only limiting flow restricting the Durchflußblende 31 with the injection openings 7 introduced therein acts.

Die in der Durchflußblende 31 eingebrachten Abspritzöffnungen 7 sind so auf der Durchflußblende 31 angeordnet, daß das stromaufwärtige Ende jeder Abspritzöffnung 7 aus einer Ausnehmung 34 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 ausmündet. Dabei können die Abspritzöffnungen 7 beispielsweise auch in Gruppen auf der Durchflußblende 31 angeordnet sein, so daß jeweils eine Gruppe von Abspritzöffnungen 7 aus jeweils einer Ausnehmung 34 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 ausmündet.The introduced in the Durchflußblende 31 injection openings 7 are arranged on the Durchflußblende 31, that the upstream end of each discharge opening 7 from a recess 34 of the valve seat body 5 opens. The ejection openings 7 may be arranged, for example, in groups on the Durchflußblende 31, so that in each case a group of ejection openings 7 opens out of a respective recess 34 of the valve seat body 5.

Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 werden vorzugsweise vor dem Umformen der Durchflußblende 31 in diese eingebracht. Dies erfolgt z.B. durch exaktes Stanzen, wobei die Stanzrichtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche der noch ebenen Durchflußblende 31 ist. Nach dem Einbringen der Abspritzöffnungen 7 wird die Durchflußblende 31 in ihre endgültige Form gebracht. Sie wird dazu entsprechend der Geometrie des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 z. B. tiefgezogen, so daß z.B. radial um den kalottenförmigen Bereich herum ein ebener ringförmiger Flansch 37 bleibt, der zum Verschweißen der Durchflußblende 31 an dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 geeignet ist.The ejection openings 7 are preferably introduced before forming the Durchflußblende 31 in this. This is done e.g. by exact punching, wherein the punching direction is perpendicular to the surface of the still flat Durchflußblende 31st After introduction of the ejection openings 7, the Durchflußblende 31 is brought into its final form. It is for this purpose according to the geometry of the valve seat body 5 z. B. deep-drawn, so that e.g. remains radially around the dome-shaped area around a flat annular flange 37, which is suitable for welding the Durchflußblende 31 to the valve seat body 5.

Die Dicke der Scheibe, aus der die Durchflußblende 31 gefertigt wird, ist beispielsweise so bemessen, daß durch den bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 durch die Abspritzöffnungen 7 strömenden Brennstoff die Durchflußblende 31 zum Schwingen angeregt wird. Dadurch entstehen in den einzelnen austretenden Brennstoffstrahlen Druckverhältnisse, die eine feinere Zerstäubung begünstigen.The thickness of the disc from which the Durchflußblende 31 is made, for example, is dimensioned so that the Durchflußblende 31 is excited to vibrate by the fuel flowing through the spray openings 7 when the fuel injection valve 1 is open. As a result, pressure conditions arise in the individual emerging fuel jets, which promote finer atomization.

Claims (7)

  1. Fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, having a valve needle (3) and a valve closing body (4) which is operatively connected to the said valve needle (3) and interacts with a valve seat face- (6) which is arranged in a valve seat body (5) to form a sealing seat, and having a plurality of recesses (34) which are made in the valve seat body (5) downstream of the sealing seat, characterized in that a throughflow restrictor (31) is arranged downstream on the valve seat body (5), in which throughflow restrictor (31) at least one ejection opening (7) is made for in each case one recess (34), the said at least one ejection opening (7) having a cross section which is smaller than that of the respective recess (34) and being arranged in such a way that its inlet cross section lies completely within an outlet cross section of the respective recess (34).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that a plurality of ejection openings (7) are made in the throughflow restrictor (31) for in each case one recess (34) of the valve seat body (5), the inlet cross section of all the ejection openings (7) which are arranged downstream of in each case one recess (34) lying within the outlet cross section of the respective recess (34).
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve seat body (5) and the throughflow restrictor (31) in each case have a corresponding dome-shaped geometry in a central region.
  4. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the throughflow restrictor (31) is made from a thin diaphragm and can be excited to vibrate.
  5. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the valve seat body (5) has, on its inner side downstream of the sealing seat, a shape which corresponds largely to the valve closing body (4).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses (34) are made in the valve seat body (5) by means of drilling.
  7. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ejection openings (7) are made in the throughflow restrictor (31) by means of punching.
EP01995537A 2000-11-30 2001-11-29 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1339972B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10059420A DE10059420A1 (en) 2000-11-30 2000-11-30 Fuel injector
DE10059420 2000-11-30
PCT/DE2001/004462 WO2002044552A1 (en) 2000-11-30 2001-11-29 Fuel injection valve

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EP1339972A1 EP1339972A1 (en) 2003-09-03
EP1339972B1 true EP1339972B1 (en) 2006-01-04

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EP01995537A Expired - Lifetime EP1339972B1 (en) 2000-11-30 2001-11-29 Fuel injection valve

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US (1) US6764031B2 (en)
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JP (1) JP2004514835A (en)
DE (2) DE10059420A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002044552A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US20030132320A1 (en) 2003-07-17
EP1339972A1 (en) 2003-09-03
US6764031B2 (en) 2004-07-20
JP2004514835A (en) 2004-05-20
DE50108639D1 (en) 2006-03-30
DE10059420A1 (en) 2002-06-06
WO2002044552A1 (en) 2002-06-06

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