EP1337166B1 - Device for the protection of body parts from penetrating objects and protective suit using said protection device - Google Patents

Device for the protection of body parts from penetrating objects and protective suit using said protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1337166B1
EP1337166B1 EP01981930A EP01981930A EP1337166B1 EP 1337166 B1 EP1337166 B1 EP 1337166B1 EP 01981930 A EP01981930 A EP 01981930A EP 01981930 A EP01981930 A EP 01981930A EP 1337166 B1 EP1337166 B1 EP 1337166B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective
protective device
layer
energy
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01981930A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1337166A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Karall
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Astron Elastomerprodukte GmbH
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Astron Elastomerprodukte GmbH
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Priority to AT01981930T priority Critical patent/ATE270827T1/en
Publication of EP1337166A1 publication Critical patent/EP1337166A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0478—Fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with plastics layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/24—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
    • A41D31/245—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof using layered materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for protecting body parts in front of penetrating objects, e.g. Storeys or Splinter, with at least one carrier layer and at least one Layer of protective plates arranged side by side, whereby in Direction of impact of the object seen in front of a carrier layer at least one energy-absorbing layer is arranged as well protective outerwear using such a protective device.
  • a device for protecting body parts in front of penetrating objects e.g. Storeys or Splinter
  • at least one carrier layer and at least one Layer of protective plates arranged side by side, whereby in Direction of impact of the object seen in front of a carrier layer at least one energy-absorbing layer is arranged as well protective outerwear using such a protective device.
  • bulletproof protective vests should be mentioned in particular.
  • Usual constructions usually consist of several layers made of particularly dense aramid fiber fabric.
  • a protective device of this type is, for example in US 4,868,040 A, which has a backing layer and comprises an energy absorbing layer, wherein between the layers of protective plates made of ceramic or aluminum are arranged side by side. By embedding the protective plates there is insufficient flexibility between the layers given the protective device.
  • US 5,960,470 A describes a bulletproof Protective vest, which has a large number of fabric layers, which are made up of aramid fibers, which consist of a Variety of filaments are built up.
  • An improved construction protective clothing is described in US 6 000 055 A, when between individual tissue or Layers of layers of thermoplastic material become.
  • Such ballistic protection vests are usually in so-called Soft ballistic vests and hard ballistic vests depending on their deformability of the protective device.
  • hard ballistics area fall protective devices, which are stiff and therefore are not deformable. Such facilities are usually also relatively difficult.
  • Protective devices for the hard ballistics area offer much better protection, especially with harder bullet types with speeds above 500 m / s. So-called.
  • Soft ballistic protection devices are flexible and common also lighter than hard ballistic protection devices.
  • the protective devices for soft ballistics offer this only protection against bullet types with lower impact speeds. Essentially, soft ballistic protection vests offer effective protection against small arms, while hard ballistic protection vests also protect against long firearms Offer. The limit with soft bullets and special molded floors are overlapping here.
  • Protective devices for the soft ballistics area are based mostly on a combination of different layers of tissue layers, such as. Aramid fabrics or polyethylene fibers. By specially coated fabrics or steel wire mesh can be used Protection are strengthened and in addition to protection against projectiles some protection against puncturing with stabbing weapons and needles, such as. Hypodermic needles.
  • US 5 179 244 A describes a protective device Shot high speed, which of a variety of Layers of flexible material and a flexible reinforcement plate, which on the inside of the protective device is arranged.
  • This plate is made of polycarbonate, for example manufactured and takes the energy of the penetrating projectile due to deformation. This reduces the risk of injury.
  • a disadvantage of such protective devices is that Stiffness which is an application for protective outerwear only makes limited possible.
  • US.5 796 028 A describes a flexible ballistic Protective device consisting of a large number of superimposed ones Layers such as aramid fabric layers and the like.
  • WO 97/38848 A1 which consists of several layers consists of a layer of fibers made of thermoplastic material includes which by entering a floor heat development caused a phase change, whereby the energy coming from the projectile through the material is recorded.
  • Another layer contains a large number of embedded bodies, which due to their geometric Shape cause a deflection of the penetrating object.
  • US 5 824 940 A shows a ballistic protective device which contains ceramic material in the form of ceramic structures sewn to a carrier layer. The security against puncture injuries is reduced by the gaps 1 formed between the ceramic plates. In addition, such arrangements are relatively inflexible and relatively complex to manufacture.
  • a multi-layer protection device according to WO 99/37969 A1 described, which consist of a variety of layers Aramid fabric and hard material layers exist in the silicon carbide particles were introduced, which the penetrating object brake by friction.
  • a protective vest is in the European patent application EP 0 499 812 A1 next to a woven or non-woven layer for absorption a layer with a layer of the genetic energy of a projectile Variety of protective bodies on glass or ceramic that includes bridged and covered to the outside with another layer becomes.
  • the protective bodies are, for example, spherical and can be made of aluminum according to an example and one Have a diameter of 9.5 mm.
  • a protective vest with one another layered platelet is for example from the US 6 035 438 A known, the metal plates between two Layers of fabric, for example made of aramid fibers or polyethylene fibers, be enclosed and glued.
  • the plates can Made of metal or ceramic and offer protection against Shot also protects against frontal stitches.
  • a disadvantage this embodiment is the relatively complex manufacture and hence the associated high price.
  • EP-A-0 564 249 describes protective strips with the features according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • WO 9 321 492 A describes a laminate with protective plates arranged next to one another.
  • the object of the present invention is a Protective device of the type specified above, by which has a good protective effect against penetrating objects, such as. Shot, can be achieved.
  • the present protective device for special projectile types such as e.g. Tapered cones, provide protection and beyond protection against stab wounds caused by stabbing weapons and needles Offer.
  • optimal flexibility should be guaranteed be, so the protective device for one Full body protection can be applied.
  • the manufacture of the Protective device should be as simple as possible and the disadvantages known protective devices avoided or at least reduced become.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that at least an energy absorbing layer from a three-dimensional There is a matrix based on polynorbones and that the Protective plates over the at least one energy-absorbing layer are connected to the carrier material, so that one in one Bendable protective layer is created.
  • a matrix based on polynorbones stands out due to its high energy absorption capacity and corresponding elasticity out.
  • Polynorbones have particularly good properties in terms of of the energy absorption capacity and shows through its special molecular structure a high fillability with different Fillers such as special oils, silicates etc. on.
  • the Base layer prevents the Penetration of the object by the originating from it Energy is distributed as widely as possible. No stretchability is allowed be given, which cause an absorption of the energy would.
  • the Base layer prevents the Penetration of the object by the originating from it Energy is distributed as widely as possible. No stretchability is allowed be given, which cause an absorption of the energy would.
  • Through the combination of layers arranged side by side Protective plates of the base layer and the at least one energy absorbing layer becomes the energy level from which the Object penetrates into the material, and thus the protective effect elevated. Due to the one-sided connection of the protective plates with the base layer is created over the energy-absorbing layer a protective layer which can be bent in one direction and which Body parts can be adjusted accordingly. This can despite a very close arrangement of the protective plates next to each other high flexibility can nevertheless be achieved. Furthermore becomes when objects penetrate between the protective plates automatically caused a clamping effect, which also contributes to increased security.
  • the protective plates are essentially rectangular in area have and are accordingly thin, a relative thin protective device are created, which better on the body can be worn.
  • the size of the individual protective plates is chosen according to the body part to be protected and can for example for ballistic vests in the order of Have 50x40 mm with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
  • protection plates are a maximum of 0.2 mm apart spaced.
  • the individual protective plates can be arranged overlapping. there the individual protective plates can be such as. Glue, be connected.
  • the protective plates can be made of aluminum alloys, preferably made of titanium-aluminum alloys or of steel, ceramic, Polycarbonate exist. According to the chosen materials or requirements, the thickness of the protective plates will be appropriate selected.
  • an energy absorbing Layer of foamed elastomers preferably of nitrile PVC foam or foamed polyolefins. Such materials show good shock-absorbing properties at favorable Manufacturing and processing costs.
  • a carrier layer advantageously consists of fibrous or fabric-reinforced plastic. These fabrics or felts
  • the fiber gives all kinds of fibers with the highest possible strength
  • Protective device the necessary dimensional stability and causes a Distribution of the energy of penetrating objects.
  • As a fabric aramid fabrics are preferably used, which are expedient prove the highest possible number of shots for optimal strength exhibit.
  • steel mesh can be used for the backing layer be used.
  • a plastic is preferably used as the energy-distributing layer with a hardness of at least 60 Shore A.
  • a plastic film made of low is suitable Density Polyethylene (LDPE) for use as an energy distribution Layer.
  • LDPE Density Polyethylene
  • layer thicknesses in the order of 0.5 mm common are also possible.
  • HDPE High Density Polyethylene
  • Suitable as a material for at least one foam layer particularly nitrile PVC foams, which are particularly high energy-absorbing Have effect.
  • foam layer energy absorbing, expanded elastomers are also suitable for at least one foam layer energy absorbing, expanded elastomers.
  • foam materials such as Polyolefin foams, which have lower energy absorption Have an effect, conceivable. Combinations of higher energy absorbing foam layers with lower energy absorbing foam layers show a high re. reduction of the residual energy of the penetrating object and thus excellent protective properties.
  • the covering can be connected, for example sewn, glued or the like. Also detachable connections in the form of Velcro closures are conceivable.
  • the Protective devices in the form of a protective vest can be such coverings be formed as part of the protective vest, and the corresponding protective devices in pockets of the Protective vest inserted and the bags then sewn, welded or be releasably closed.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a Protective outerwear, especially a protective vest with a top described protective device.
  • Such outerwear is characterized by high protection against both Projectiles as well as against pointed objects and at the same time high ones Comfortable.
  • the protective plates are depending on Zone of the body to be protected in the appropriate size and shape trained so that the highest possible comfort can be realized is. For example, certain zones, such as the abdomen, while the guard is more flexible other zones, e.g. Chest or back, less flexibility require.
  • the protective device according to the invention is dependent on the application preferably for additional protection in addition to ballistic Protection provided, the protective device according to the invention in Direction of impact of the object seen the actual ballistic Protection is upstream.
  • Fig. 1 shows a protective device in cross section, consisting from at least one carrier layer 1, for example from Aramid fabric on which an energy-absorbing layer 2 Layer 3 consisting of protective plates arranged side by side 4 is arranged.
  • the protective plates 4 can, as in FIG. 2 can be seen, have a rectangular basic shape in different sizes. If the space between two protective plates 4 is small, for example, less than 0.2 mm is chosen due to the only one-sided connection with the carrier layer 1 one in one Direction of flexible protective device achieved, as in Fig. 1 easily indicated.
  • the protective plates can be one size, for example of 50x40 mm with a thickness of 1.5 mm and made of high strength Wrought aluminum alloy exist.
  • Alloys such as Titanium-aluminum alloys have particularly high Strength values with low weight. About that it also reduces the risk of the material entering of an object frayed and the subsequent backing is incised, which increases the risk of injury becomes. This danger is for example when using Steel given for protective plates, while titanium-aluminum alloys this fraying through penetrating objects is not demonstrate.
  • a connection matrix as an energy absorber Layer 2, preferably in an energy absorbing one Elastomer, the protective plates 4 can at least with the a carrier layer 1 are connected. Due to the very small Gap between the protective plates 4 is when penetrating caused an object to jam in this space, through which the protective plates 4 independently of one another be performed.
  • the size of the protective plates 4 becomes corresponding adapted to the body region to be protected.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention in Cross section, with two protective layers corresponding to FIG. 1 are arranged one above the other. Accordingly, on one first carrier layer 1 over an energy-absorbing protective layer 2 protective plates 4 arranged and another support layer above 1 'and a further layer 3' of protective plates 4 ', which has an energy-absorbing layer 2 'on the carrier layer 1 'are arranged. It can also do more than two such layer combinations can be arranged one above the other. It is essential that the protective plates 4, 4 'are different Layers 3, 3 'are shifted against each other so that the gaps between the protective plates 4 by the arranged above Protection plates 4 'are covered and thus an absolute Provide puncture resistance against pointed objects.
  • the connection between the layers with each other can for example by gluing or also done for example by connecting elements.
  • the backing layers 1, 1 ', the energy-absorbing layers 2, 2' and the layers 3, 3 ' are preferably arranged in an envelope 8.
  • This envelope 8 can be formed by textile material depending on the application, for example in pocket form can be formed, and after inserting the Protective device sewn, glued, welded or by means of a Velcro or the like is detachably closed.
  • FIG. 4 shows one compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 3 Extended embodiment of the protective device, in which Seen the direction of impact of the penetrating object, behind layers 3 and 3 'of movably interconnected Protection plates 4 and 4 'and the energy-absorbing layer 2 and the carrier layer 1 at least one energy-distributing layer 6 and at least one foam layer 7 is arranged.
  • the energy-distributing layer 6 advantageously becomes one Plastic with a hardness of at least 60 Shore A, for example uses an LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) film.
  • suitable Materials for the foam layers 7 are nitrile PVC foams, which has a high energy absorbing effect exhibit. Depending on the application, several such foam layers can be used 7 on the side of the protective device facing the body be provided.
  • the one from at least one energy-distributing layer 6 and the at least one foam layer 7 existing material layer 5 serves the penetration depth from projectiles or the like towards the body reduce it by moving out from the penetrating object Energy is absorbed in the foam layers 7.
  • the the Layers forming the protective device can be covered by a covering, for example made of textile material, surrounded and by gluing or sewing can be stabilized. This is particularly so useful when using protective vests.
  • Carrier layer 1 Aramid fabric Energy absorbing layer 2 0.3 mm Astrosorb® Protection plate 4 1.5 mm aluminum
  • the material Astrosorb® based on polynorbones used for the energy-absorbing layer 2 has the following properties: specific weight 1.08 g / cm 3 hardness 25 Shore A wear resistance 900 mm 3 tensile strenght 4.5 N / mm 2 elongation 490%.
  • Such a combination of materials consisting of a carrier layer 1, energy absorbing layer 2 and layer 3 made of movable interconnected protective plates 4 is preferably in double version and in connection with 28 further layers Aramid fabric to protect against bullets on the one hand and stab wounds on the other hand used.
  • Protective device i.e. two protective layers arranged one above the other, consisting of a carrier layer 1, one each energy-absorbing layer 2 and a protective plate layer 3 together with 28 layers of aramid fabric with a Magnum 44 partial jacket floor at 240 grain and 500 / m / s speed occurs Trauma, i.e. a curvature of the protective device in the direction of the Body of 140 mm, which would be fatal.
  • An energy-distributing layer 6 0.5 mm low density polyethylene (LDPE)
  • Foam layer 7 Consisting of 3 x 3 mm energy absorbing, expanded elastomer Memory® could cause the trauma 28 mm can be reduced. This would also be according to the last guidelines NIJ (National Institute of Justice) acceptable.
  • the Memory® foam (based on nitrile PVC foam) has the following properties: specific weight 0.19 g / cm 3 hardness 13 Shore A elasticity 6%.
  • LDPE Low Density Polyethylene
  • a further increase in the protective effect can be achieved by an increase the respective number of protective layers can be achieved whereby the comfort decreases.
  • the protective device described above is advantageous arranged in an envelope 8, which, for example, from textile fabric and after inserting the protective device closed, for example glued, sewn, welded or is releasably closed by means of a Velcro fastener.
  • the present Protective device is characterized by particularly low weight, compared to known protectors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The energy-absorbing layer (2) consists of a three-dimensional matrix based on polynorbornenes and connects the protective plates (4) to the carrier material (2). The layers form a protective layer that bends in one direction. The protective plates are quadrangular and have a maximum distance of 0.2mm from each other; they can overlap. They are made of a titanium-aluminum alloy, steel, ceramics or polycarbonate.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Schutz von Körperteilen vor eindringenden Gegenständen, wie z.B. Geschoße oder Splitter, mit zumindest einer Trägerschicht und zumindest einer Schicht aus nebeneinander angeordneten Schutzplatten, wobei in Auftreffrichtung des Gegenstandes gesehen vor einer Trägerschicht zumindest eine energieaufnehmende Schicht angeordnet ist sowie eine Schutzoberbekleidung unter Verwendung einer solchen Schutzeinrichtung.The invention relates to a device for protecting body parts in front of penetrating objects, e.g. Storeys or Splinter, with at least one carrier layer and at least one Layer of protective plates arranged side by side, whereby in Direction of impact of the object seen in front of a carrier layer at least one energy-absorbing layer is arranged as well protective outerwear using such a protective device.

Als vorrangiges Einsatzgebiet der erfindungsgemäßen Schutzeinrichtung wären insbesondere kugelsichere Schutzwesten zu nennen. Übliche Konstruktionen bestehen meist aus mehreren Schichten aus besonders dichtem Aramidfasergewebe.As a primary area of application of the protective device according to the invention bulletproof protective vests should be mentioned in particular. Usual constructions usually consist of several layers made of particularly dense aramid fiber fabric.

Eine Schutzeinrichtung der gegenständlichen Art ist beispielsweise in der US 4 868 040 A beschrieben, welche eine Trägerschicht und eine energieabsorbierende Schicht umfasst, wobei zwischen den Schichten Schutzplatten aus Keramik oder Aluminium nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Durch die Einbettung der Schutzplatten zwischen den Schichten ist nur eine unzureichende Flexibilität der Schutzeinrichtung gegeben.A protective device of this type is, for example in US 4,868,040 A, which has a backing layer and comprises an energy absorbing layer, wherein between the layers of protective plates made of ceramic or aluminum are arranged side by side. By embedding the protective plates there is insufficient flexibility between the layers given the protective device.

Beispielsweise beschreibt die US 5 960 470 A eine kugelsichere Schutzweste, welche eine Vielzahl von Gewebsschichten aufweist, die aus Aramidfasern aufgebaut sind, welche aus einer Vielzahl von Filamenten aufgebaut sind. Eine verbesserte Konstruktion einer Schutzbekleidung ist in der US 6 000 055 A beschrieben, bei der zwischen einzelnen Gewebs- oder Gelegsschichten Lagen aus thermoplastischem Material angeordnet werden.For example, US 5,960,470 A describes a bulletproof Protective vest, which has a large number of fabric layers, which are made up of aramid fibers, which consist of a Variety of filaments are built up. An improved construction protective clothing is described in US 6 000 055 A, when between individual tissue or Layers of layers of thermoplastic material become.

Derartige Ballistikschutzwesten werden üblicherweise in sog. Soft-Ballistikwesten und Hard-Ballistikwesten je nach Verformbarkeit der Schutzeinrichtung unterteilt. In den sog. Hard-Ballistikbereich fallen Schutzeinrichtungen, welche steif und somit nicht verformbar sind. In der Regel sind derartige Einrichtungen auch relativ schwer. Schutzeinrichtungen für den Hard-Ballistikbereich bieten dafür wesentlich besseren Schutz, speziell bei härteren Geschoß-Typen mit Geschwindigkeiten über 500 m/s. Sog. Soft-Ballistikschutzeinrichtungen sind hingegen flexibel und üblicherweise auch leichter als Hard-Ballistikschutzeinrichtungen. Dafür bieten die Schutzeinrichtungen für den Soft-Ballistikbereich nur Schutz gegen Geschoß-Typen mit geringeren Auftreffgeschwindigkeiten. Im Wesentlichen bieten Soft-Ballistikschutzwesten wirkungsvollen Schutz gegen Handfeuerwaffen, während Hard-Ballistikschutzwesten auch Schutz gegen Langfeuerwaffen bieten. Die Grenze bei weichen Geschoßen und speziell ausgeformten Geschoßen ist hier überlappend.Such ballistic protection vests are usually in so-called Soft ballistic vests and hard ballistic vests depending on their deformability of the protective device. In the so-called hard ballistics area fall protective devices, which are stiff and therefore are not deformable. Such facilities are usually also relatively difficult. Protective devices for the hard ballistics area offer much better protection, especially with harder bullet types with speeds above 500 m / s. So-called. Soft ballistic protection devices, however, are flexible and common also lighter than hard ballistic protection devices. The protective devices for soft ballistics offer this only protection against bullet types with lower impact speeds. Essentially, soft ballistic protection vests offer effective protection against small arms, while hard ballistic protection vests also protect against long firearms Offer. The limit with soft bullets and special molded floors are overlapping here.

Schutzeinrichtungen für den Soft-Ballistikbereich basieren meist auf einer Kombination von verschiedenen Lagen von Gewebsschichten, wie z.B. Aramidgeweben oder Polyethylenfasern. Durch speziell beschichtete Gewebe oder Stahldraht-Geflechte kann der Schutz verstärkt werden und neben dem Schutz vor Geschoßen auch ein gewisser Schutz gegen Durchstechen mit Stichwaffen und Nadeln, wie z.B. Injektionsnadeln, bewirkt werden.Protective devices for the soft ballistics area are based mostly on a combination of different layers of tissue layers, such as. Aramid fabrics or polyethylene fibers. By specially coated fabrics or steel wire mesh can be used Protection are strengthened and in addition to protection against projectiles some protection against puncturing with stabbing weapons and needles, such as. Hypodermic needles.

Die US 5 179 244 A beschreibt eine Schutzeinrichtung vor Geschoßen hoher Geschwindigkeit, welcher aus einer Vielzahl von Lagen aus flexiblem Material besteht und einer flexiblen Verstärkungsplatte, welche an der Innenseite der Schutzeinrichtung angeordnet ist. Diese Platte ist beispielsweise aus Polykarbonat hergestellt und nimmt die Energie des eindringenden Geschoßes durch Deformation auf. Dadurch wird das Verletzungsrisiko reduziert. Ein Nachteil derartiger Schutzeinrichtungen ist die Steifheit, welche eine Anwendung für Schutzoberbekleidung nur begrenzt möglich macht.US 5 179 244 A describes a protective device Shot high speed, which of a variety of Layers of flexible material and a flexible reinforcement plate, which on the inside of the protective device is arranged. This plate is made of polycarbonate, for example manufactured and takes the energy of the penetrating projectile due to deformation. This reduces the risk of injury. A disadvantage of such protective devices is that Stiffness which is an application for protective outerwear only makes limited possible.

Die US.5 796 028 A beschreibt eine flexible ballistische Schutzeinrichtung, welche aus einer Vielzahl übereinander gelegter Schichten, wie Aramidgewebsschichten und dergl., aufweist.US.5 796 028 A describes a flexible ballistic Protective device consisting of a large number of superimposed ones Layers such as aramid fabric layers and the like.

Weitere Ballistikschutzeinrichtungen sind beispielsweise in der WO 97/38848 A1 beschrieben, welche aus mehreren Schichten besteht, wobei eine Schicht Fasern aus thermoplastischem Material beinhaltet, welche bei der durch den Eintritt eines Geschoßes verursachten Wärmeentwicklung eine Phasenveränderung erfährt, wodurch die vom Geschoß herrührende Energie durch das Material aufgenommen wird. Eine weitere Schicht beinhaltet eine Vielzahl von eingebetteten Körpern, welche aufgrund ihrer geometrischen Gestalt eine Ablenkung des eindringenden Gegenstandes bewirken.Other ballistic protection devices are for example in WO 97/38848 A1, which consists of several layers consists of a layer of fibers made of thermoplastic material includes which by entering a floor heat development caused a phase change, whereby the energy coming from the projectile through the material is recorded. Another layer contains a large number of embedded bodies, which due to their geometric Shape cause a deflection of the penetrating object.

Die US 5 824 940 A zeigt eine ballistische Schutzeinrichtung, welche keramisches Material in Form von mit einer Trägerschicht vernähten keramischen Strukturen enthält. Die Sicherheit vor Stichverletzungen wird durch die zwischen den Keramikplättchen entstehenden Zwischenräume1 verringert. Darüber hinaus sind derartige Anordnungen relativ unflexibel und relativ aufwendig in ihrer Herstellung.US 5 824 940 A shows a ballistic protective device which contains ceramic material in the form of ceramic structures sewn to a carrier layer. The security against puncture injuries is reduced by the gaps 1 formed between the ceramic plates. In addition, such arrangements are relatively inflexible and relatively complex to manufacture.

Auch bei der US 5 362 527 A werden Schutzplättchen mit einer Grundschicht aus Gewebe vernäht.In US Pat. No. 5,362,527 A, protective plates with a Sewn base layer of fabric.

Zum Schutz vor Stichverletzungen mit nadelartigen Stichgeräten wird gemäß der WO 99/37969 A1 eine mehrschichtige Schutzeinrichtung beschrieben, welche aus einer Vielzahl von Lagen aus Aramidgewebe und Hartstoffschichten besteht, in die Siliziumcarbid-Partikeln eingebracht wurden, welche den eindringenden Gegenstand durch Reibung abbremsen.To protect against stab wounds with needle-like puncture devices is a multi-layer protection device according to WO 99/37969 A1 described, which consist of a variety of layers Aramid fabric and hard material layers exist in the silicon carbide particles were introduced, which the penetrating object brake by friction.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Schutzweste ist in der Europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 499 812 A1 beschrieben, welche neben einer gewebten oder nicht gewebten Schicht zur Absorption der genetischen Energie eines Geschoßes eine Schicht mit einer Vielzahl von Schutzkörpern auf Glas oder Keramik beinhaltet, die nach außen über eine weitere Schicht überbrückt und abgedeckt wird. Die Schutzkörper sind beispielsweise kugelförmig und können gemäß einem Beispiel aus Aluminium hergestellt sein und einen Durchmesser von 9,5 mm aufweisen.Another embodiment of a protective vest is in the European patent application EP 0 499 812 A1 next to a woven or non-woven layer for absorption a layer with a layer of the genetic energy of a projectile Variety of protective bodies on glass or ceramic that includes bridged and covered to the outside with another layer becomes. The protective bodies are, for example, spherical and can be made of aluminum according to an example and one Have a diameter of 9.5 mm.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Schutzweste mit übereinander geschichteten Plättchen ist beispielsweise aus der US 6 035 438 A bekannt, wobei die Metallplatten zwischen zwei Gewebsschichten, beispielsweise aus Aramidfasern oder Polyethylenfasern, eingeschlossen und verklebt werden. Die Platten können aus Metall oder Keramik bestehen und bieten neben dem Schutz vor Geschoßen auch einen Schutz vor Frontalstichen. Ein Nachteil dieser Ausführungsform ist die relativ aufwendige Herstellung und somit der damit verbundene hohe Preis.Another embodiment of a protective vest with one another layered platelet is for example from the US 6 035 438 A known, the metal plates between two Layers of fabric, for example made of aramid fibers or polyethylene fibers, be enclosed and glued. The plates can Made of metal or ceramic and offer protection against Shot also protects against frontal stitches. A disadvantage this embodiment is the relatively complex manufacture and hence the associated high price.

Die EP-A-0 564 249 beschreibt Schutzweiste mit den Merkmalen gemaß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die WO 9 321 492 A beschreibt ein Laminat mit nebeneinander angeordneten Schutzplatten.EP-A-0 564 249 describes protective strips with the features according to the preamble of claim 1. WO 9 321 492 A describes a laminate with protective plates arranged next to one another.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine Schutzeinrichtung der oben angegebenen Art zu schaffen, durch welche eine gute Schutzwirkung vor eindringenden Gegenständen, wie z.B. Geschoßen, erzielt werden kann. Insbesondere soll die vorliegende Schutzeinrichtung bei speziellen Geschoß-Typen, wie z.B. Kegelspitzgeschoßen, einen Schutz bieten und darüber hinaus eine Sicherheit vor Stichverletzungen durch Stichwaffen und Nadeln bieten. Weiters soll eine optimale Flexibilität gewährleistet sein, so dass die Schutzeinrichtung für einen Ganzkörperschutz angewendet werden kann. Die Herstellung der Schutzeinrichtung soll möglichst einfach sein und die Nachteile bekannter Schutzeinrichtungen vermieden oder zumindest reduziert werden.The object of the present invention is a Protective device of the type specified above, by which has a good protective effect against penetrating objects, such as. Shot, can be achieved. In particular, the present protective device for special projectile types, such as e.g. Tapered cones, provide protection and beyond protection against stab wounds caused by stabbing weapons and needles Offer. Furthermore, optimal flexibility should be guaranteed be, so the protective device for one Full body protection can be applied. The manufacture of the Protective device should be as simple as possible and the disadvantages known protective devices avoided or at least reduced become.

Gelöst wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe dadurch, dass zumindest eine energieaufnehmende Schicht aus einer dreidimensionalen Matrix auf Basis von Polynorbonen besteht und dass die Schutzplatten über die zumindest eine energieaufnehmende Schicht mit dem Trägermaterial verbunden sind, so dass eine in eine Richtung biegbare Schutzschicht entsteht. Eine derartige Materialkombination bietet einerseits optimalen Schutz im Ballistikbereich sowie optimalen Schutz vor Stichverletzungen, während ein hoher Grad an Flexibilität und somit ein hoher Tragekomfort gegeben ist. Die Matrix auf Basis von Polynorbonen zeichnet sich durch hohe Energieaufnahmefähigkeit und entsprechender Elastizität aus. Polynorbonen weist besonders gute Eigenschaften hinsichtlich der Energieaufnahmefähigkeit auf und weist durch seine spezielle Molekularstruktur eine hohe Füllbarkeit mit verschiedensten Füllstoffen, wie z.B. speziellen Ölen, Silikaten etc. auf. Dadurch können im Gegensatz beispielsweise zu Kautschuk wesentlich bessere physikalische Eigenschaften erzielt werden. Die Trageschicht verhindert durch ihre Festigkeitseigenschaften die Eindringung des Gegenstandes indem die von diesem ausgehende Energie möglichst breit verteilt wird. Dabei darf keine Dehnbarkeit gegeben sein, welche eine Aufnahme der Energie bewirken würde. Durch die Kombination Schicht aus nebeneinander angeordneten Schutzplatten der Trageschicht und der zumindest einen energieaufnehmende Schicht wird das Energieniveau, ab dem der Gegenstand in das Material eindringt, und somit die Schutzwirkung erhöht. Durch die nur einseitige Verbindung der Schutzplatten mit der Trageschicht über die energieaufnehmende Schicht entsteht eine in eine Richtung biegbare Schutzschicht, die den jeweiligen Körperteilen entsprechend angepasst werden kann. Dadurch kann trotz einer sehr engen Anordnung der Schutzplatten nebeneinander trotzdem eine hohe Flexibilität erreicht werden. Darüber hinaus wird beim Eindringen spitzer Gegenstände zwischen den Schutzplatten automatisch eine Klemmwirkung hervorgerufen, welche ebenfalls zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit beiträgt.The object of the invention is achieved in that at least an energy absorbing layer from a three-dimensional There is a matrix based on polynorbones and that the Protective plates over the at least one energy-absorbing layer are connected to the carrier material, so that one in one Bendable protective layer is created. Such a combination of materials offers optimal protection in the ballistics area as well as optimal protection against stab wounds during a high degree of flexibility and thus a high level of comfort is. The matrix based on polynorbones stands out due to its high energy absorption capacity and corresponding elasticity out. Polynorbones have particularly good properties in terms of of the energy absorption capacity and shows through its special molecular structure a high fillability with different Fillers such as special oils, silicates etc. on. In contrast to rubber, for example, this can be essential better physical properties can be achieved. The Base layer prevents the Penetration of the object by the originating from it Energy is distributed as widely as possible. No stretchability is allowed be given, which cause an absorption of the energy would. Through the combination of layers arranged side by side Protective plates of the base layer and the at least one energy absorbing layer becomes the energy level from which the Object penetrates into the material, and thus the protective effect elevated. Due to the one-sided connection of the protective plates with the base layer is created over the energy-absorbing layer a protective layer which can be bent in one direction and which Body parts can be adjusted accordingly. This can despite a very close arrangement of the protective plates next to each other high flexibility can nevertheless be achieved. Furthermore becomes when objects penetrate between the protective plates automatically caused a clamping effect, which also contributes to increased security.

Wenn die Schutzplatten im Wesentlichen rechteckige Grundfläche aufweisen und entsprechend dünn sind, kann eine relativ dünne Schutzeinrichtung geschaffen werden, welche besser am Körper getragen werden kann. Die Größe der einzelnen Schutzplatten wird entsprechend der zu schützenden Körperstelle gewählt und kann beispielsweise für Ballistikwesten in der Größenordnung von 50x40 mm bei einer Dicke von 1,5 mm aufweisen.If the protective plates are essentially rectangular in area have and are accordingly thin, a relative thin protective device are created, which better on the body can be worn. The size of the individual protective plates is chosen according to the body part to be protected and can for example for ballistic vests in the order of Have 50x40 mm with a thickness of 1.5 mm.

Damit Stichverletzungen durch dünne Gegenstände, wie z.B. Nadeln, zwischen den Schutzplatten weitestgehend verhindert werden können, sind die Schutzplatten voneinander maximal 0,2 mm beabstandet.So that stab wounds caused by thin objects, e.g. Needles between the protective plates are largely prevented protection plates are a maximum of 0.2 mm apart spaced.

Um die Durchstichsicherheit noch weiter zu erhöhen, können die einzelnen Schutzplatten überlappend angeordnet sein. Dabei können die einzelnen Schutzplatten durch verschiedene Methoden, wie z.B. Kleben, miteinander verbunden werden.To further increase the puncture resistance, the individual protective plates can be arranged overlapping. there the individual protective plates can be such as. Glue, be connected.

Die Schutzplatten können aus Aluminiumlegierungen, vorzugsweise aus Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen oder aus Stahl, Keramik, Polykarbonat bestehen. Entsprechend der gewählten Materialien oder Anforderungen wird die Dicke der Schutzplatten entsprechend gewählt.The protective plates can be made of aluminum alloys, preferably made of titanium-aluminum alloys or of steel, ceramic, Polycarbonate exist. According to the chosen materials or requirements, the thickness of the protective plates will be appropriate selected.

Alternativ dazu oder zusätzlich kann eine energieaufnehmende Schicht aus geschäumten Elastomeren, vorzugsweise aus Nitril-PVC-Schaum oder geschäumten Polyolefinen, bestehen. Derartige Materialien zeigen gute Stoß-absorbierende Eigenschaften bei günstigen Herstellungs- und Verarbeitungskosten.Alternatively, or in addition, an energy absorbing Layer of foamed elastomers, preferably of nitrile PVC foam or foamed polyolefins. Such materials show good shock-absorbing properties at favorable Manufacturing and processing costs.

Vorteilhafterweise besteht eine Trägerschicht aus faser- bzw. gewebeverstärktem Kunststoff. Diese Gewebe oder Filze aus Fasern aller Art mit möglichst hoher Festigkeit verleiht der Schutzeinrichtung die notwendige Formstabilität und bewirkt eine Verteilung der Energie eindringender Gegenstände. Als Gewebe kommen vorzugsweise Aramidgewebe zur Anwendung, welche zweckmäßig erweise für eine optimale Festigkeit möglichst hohe Schussanzahl aufweisen. Darüber hinaus können Stahlgeflechte für die Trägerschicht verwendet werden.A carrier layer advantageously consists of fibrous or fabric-reinforced plastic. These fabrics or felts The fiber gives all kinds of fibers with the highest possible strength Protective device the necessary dimensional stability and causes a Distribution of the energy of penetrating objects. As a fabric aramid fabrics are preferably used, which are expedient prove the highest possible number of shots for optimal strength exhibit. In addition, steel mesh can be used for the backing layer be used.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der Schutzwirkung kann dadurch erzielt werden, dass in Auftreffrichtung des Gegenstandes gesehen abwechselnd mehrere Trägerschichten, energieaufnehmende Schichten und Schichten aus miteinander beweglich verbundenen Schutzplatten angeordnet sind.This can further improve the protective effect achieved that seen in the direction of impact of the object alternately several carrier layers, energy-absorbing layers and layers of movably connected protective plates are arranged.

Insbesondere wenn die Schutzplatten verschiedener Schichten gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet sind, wird eine wesentliche Sicherheit gegen Durchstechen mit spitzen Gegenständen erzielt, da die unsicheren Fugenbereiche zwischen Schutzplatten abgedeckt werden.Especially when the protective plates of different layers are offset from each other, becomes an essential Security against piercing with pointed objects achieved, because the unsafe joint areas between protective plates are covered become.

Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Schutzwirkung ist vorgesehen, dass in Auftreffrichtung des Gegenstandes gesehen hinter der letzten Trägerschicht zumindest eine energieverteilende Schicht und dahinter zumindest eine Schaumstoffschicht angeordnet ist. Durch eine derartige zusätzliche Anordnung wird das sogenannte Trauma, d.h. die Eindringtiefe des eindringenden Gegenstandes in Richtung des zu schützenden Körperteils wesentlich reduziert, indem die Energie verteilt und in den Schaumstoffschichten absorbiert und in Wärme umgewandelt wird.To further increase the protective effect, it is provided that seen in the direction of impact of the object behind the last one Carrier layer at least one energy-distributing layer and behind it at least one foam layer is arranged. By such an additional arrangement becomes the so-called trauma, i.e. the penetration depth of the penetrating object in the direction of the body part to be protected is significantly reduced by the Energy is distributed and absorbed in the foam layers and is converted into heat.

Als energieverteilende Schicht wird vorzugsweise ein Kunststoff mit einer Härte von mindestens 60 Shore A eingesetzt.A plastic is preferably used as the energy-distributing layer with a hardness of at least 60 Shore A.

Beispielsweise eignet sich eine Kunststofffolie aus Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) zur Verwendung als energieverteilende Schicht. Es sind Schichtdicken in der Größenordnung von 0,5 mm üblich. Möglich sind auch Kunststofffolien aus High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).For example, a plastic film made of low is suitable Density Polyethylene (LDPE) for use as an energy distribution Layer. There are layer thicknesses in the order of 0.5 mm common. Plastic films made from high density polyethylene are also possible (HDPE).

Als Material für zumindest eine Schaumstoffschicht eignen sich besonders Nitril-PVC-Schäume, welche besonders hohe energieabsorbierende Wirkung aufweisen.Suitable as a material for at least one foam layer particularly nitrile PVC foams, which are particularly high energy-absorbing Have effect.

Weiters eignen sich für zumindest eine Schaumstoffschicht energieabsorbierende, expandierte Elastomere. Je nach Anwendung sind allerdings auch andere Schaumstoffmaterialien, wie beispielsweise Polyolefin-Schäume, welche zwar niedrigere energieabsorbierende Wirkung aufweisen, denkbar. Auch Kombinationen von höher energieabsorbierenden Schaumstoffschichten mit niedriger energieabsorbierenden Schaumstoffschichten zeigen eine hohe Re-. duktion der Restenergie des eindringenden Gegenstandes und somit hervorragende Schutzeigenschaften.They are also suitable for at least one foam layer energy absorbing, expanded elastomers. Depending on the application are other foam materials, such as Polyolefin foams, which have lower energy absorption Have an effect, conceivable. Combinations of higher energy absorbing foam layers with lower energy absorbing foam layers show a high re. reduction of the residual energy of the penetrating object and thus excellent protective properties.

Vorzugsweise werden die die Schutzeinrichtung bildenden Schichten von einer Umhüllung, beispielsweise aus textilem Material, umgeben.Preferably, those that form the protective device Layers of a covering, for example of textile material, surround.

Die Umhüllung kann verbunden, beispielsweise vernäht, verklebt od. dgl., werden. Auch lösbare Verbindungen in Form von Klettverschlüssen sind denkbar. Insbesondere bei Verwendung der Schutzeinrichtung in Form einer Schutzweste können derartige Umhüllungen als Teil der Schutzweste ausgebildet sein, und die entsprechenden Schutzeinrichtungen in Einschubtaschen der Schutzweste eingeschoben und die Taschen danach vernäht, verschweißt oder lösbar verschlossen werden. The covering can be connected, for example sewn, glued or the like. Also detachable connections in the form of Velcro closures are conceivable. Especially when using the Protective devices in the form of a protective vest can be such coverings be formed as part of the protective vest, and the corresponding protective devices in pockets of the Protective vest inserted and the bags then sewn, welded or be releasably closed.

Gelöst wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe auch durch eine Schutzoberbekleidung, insbesondere Schutzweste mit einer oben beschriebenen Schutzeinrichtung. Eine derartig ausgeführte Oberbekleidung zeichnet sich durch hohe Schutzwirkung sowohl gegen Geschoße als auch gegen spitze Gegenstände und gleichzeitig hohen Tragekomfort aus. In diesem Fall werden die Schutzplatten je nach zu schützender Zone des Körpers in entsprechender Größe und Gestalt ausgebildet, so dass ein möglichst hoher Tragekomfort realisierbar ist. Beispielsweise erfordern bestimmte Zonen, wie z.B. der Bauch, höhere Flexibilität der Schutzeinrichtung, während andere Zonen, wie z.B. Brust oder Rücken, weniger hohe Flexibilität erfordern.The object of the invention is also achieved by a Protective outerwear, especially a protective vest with a top described protective device. Such outerwear is characterized by high protection against both Projectiles as well as against pointed objects and at the same time high ones Comfortable. In this case, the protective plates are depending on Zone of the body to be protected in the appropriate size and shape trained so that the highest possible comfort can be realized is. For example, certain zones, such as the abdomen, while the guard is more flexible other zones, e.g. Chest or back, less flexibility require.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schutzeinrichtung wird je nach Anwendung vorzugsweise zum.zusätzlichen Schutz neben dem ballistischen Schutz vorgesehen, wobei die erfindungsgemäe Schutzeinrichtung in Auftreffrichtung des Gegenstandes gesehen dem eigentlichen ballistischen Schutz vorgelagert wird.The protective device according to the invention is dependent on the application preferably for additional protection in addition to ballistic Protection provided, the protective device according to the invention in Direction of impact of the object seen the actual ballistic Protection is upstream.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen, welche verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung zeigen, noch weiter erläutert. Darin zeigen

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine Schutzeinrichtung gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Schutzeinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Schutzeinrichtung im Querschnitt, und
  • Fig. 4 eine gegenüber Fig. 3 erweiterte Ausführungsform der Schutzeinrichtung.
    • The present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings, which show various exemplary embodiments of the invention. Show in it
  • 1 shows a cross section through a protective device according to a first embodiment,
  • 2 is a plan view of the protective device according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a protective device in cross section, and
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the protective device that is expanded compared to FIG. 3.

    • Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schutzeinrichtung im Querschnitt, bestehend aus zumindest einer Trägerschicht 1, beispielsweise aus Aramidgewebe, auf der über eine energieaufnehmende Schicht 2 eine Schicht 3 bestehend aus nebeneinander angeordneten Schutzplatten 4 angeordnet wird. Die Schutzplatten 4 können, wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, rechteckige Grundform in verschiedenen Größen aufweisen. Wenn der Zwischenraum zwischen zwei Schutzplatten 4 gering, beispielsweise unter 0,2 mm gewählt wird, wird aufgrund der nur einseitigen Verbindung mit der Trägerschicht 1 eine in eine Richtung biegsame Schutzeinrichtung erzielt, wie in Fig. 1 leicht angedeutet. Die Schutzplatten können beispielsweise eine Größe von 50x40 mm bei einer Dicke von 1,5 mm aufweisen und aus hochfester Aluminiumknetlegierung bestehen. Legierungen, wie beispielsweise Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen, weisen besonders hohe Festigkeitswerte bei gleichzeitig geringem Gewicht auf. Darüber hinaus wird die Gefahr reduziert, dass das Material bei Eindringen eines Gegenstandes ausfranst und die nachfolgende Trägerschicht eingeschnitten wird, wodurch das Verletzungsrisiko erhöht wird. Diese Gefahr ist beispielsweise bei der Verwendung von Stahl für Schutzplatten gegeben, während Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen dieses Ausfransen durch eindringende Gegenstände nicht zeigen. Bei Verwendung einer Verbindungsmatrix als energieaufnehmende Schicht 2, vorzugsweise in einem energieabsorbierenden Elastomer, können die Schutzplatten 4 darüber mit der zumindest einen Trägerschicht 1 verbunden werden. Durch den sehr geringen Zwischenraum zwischen den Schutzplatten 4 wird beim Eindringen eines Gegenstandes in diesen Zwischenraum ein Klemmeffekt hervorgerufen, durch den die Schutzplatten 4 selbständig zueinander geführt werden. Die Größe der Schutzplatten 4 wird entsprechend der zu schützenden Körperregion angepasst. Je kleiner die Schutzplatten 4 gewählt werden, desto höher ist die Flexibilität und desto geringer der Biegeradius der Schutzeinrichtung. Allerdings wird dadurch auch die Unsicherheit durch zwischen den Schutzplatten 4 eindringenden Gegenständen erhöht. Darüber hinaus ist für verschiedene Anwendungen auch eine Wölbung der Schutzplatten 4 selbst möglich.Fig. 1 shows a protective device in cross section, consisting from at least one carrier layer 1, for example from Aramid fabric on which an energy-absorbing layer 2 Layer 3 consisting of protective plates arranged side by side 4 is arranged. The protective plates 4 can, as in FIG. 2 can be seen, have a rectangular basic shape in different sizes. If the space between two protective plates 4 is small, for example, less than 0.2 mm is chosen due to the only one-sided connection with the carrier layer 1 one in one Direction of flexible protective device achieved, as in Fig. 1 easily indicated. The protective plates can be one size, for example of 50x40 mm with a thickness of 1.5 mm and made of high strength Wrought aluminum alloy exist. Alloys such as Titanium-aluminum alloys have particularly high Strength values with low weight. About that it also reduces the risk of the material entering of an object frayed and the subsequent backing is incised, which increases the risk of injury becomes. This danger is for example when using Steel given for protective plates, while titanium-aluminum alloys this fraying through penetrating objects is not demonstrate. When using a connection matrix as an energy absorber Layer 2, preferably in an energy absorbing one Elastomer, the protective plates 4 can at least with the a carrier layer 1 are connected. Due to the very small Gap between the protective plates 4 is when penetrating caused an object to jam in this space, through which the protective plates 4 independently of one another be performed. The size of the protective plates 4 becomes corresponding adapted to the body region to be protected. The smaller the Protection plates 4 are chosen, the higher the flexibility and the smaller the bending radius of the protective device. Indeed the uncertainty caused by the Protection plates 4 penetrating objects increased. Furthermore is also a curvature of the protective plates for various applications 4 possible yourself.

    Fig. 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung im Querschnitt, wobei zwei Schutzschichten entsprechend Fig. 1 übereinander angeordnet sind. Dementsprechend sind auf einer ersten Trägerschicht 1 über eine energieaufnehmende Schutzschicht 2 Schutzplatten 4 angeordnet und darüber eine weitere Trägerschicht 1' und eine weitere Schicht 3' aus Schutzplatten 4', welche über eine energieaufnehmende Schicht 2' auf der Trägerschicht 1' befestigt sind, angeordnet. Es können auch mehr als zwei derartige Schichtkombinationen übereinander angeordnet sein. Wesentlich dabei ist, dass die Schutzplatten 4, 4' verschiedener Schichten 3, 3' gegeneinander verschoben sind, so dass die Zwischenräume zwischen den Schutzplatten 4 durch die darüber angeordneten Schutzplatten 4' abgedeckt sind und somit eine absolute Durchstichsicherheit vor spitzen Gegenständen bieten. Es können auch mehrere Materialkombinationen übereinander in verschiedener Reihenfolge und Anzahl angeordnet werden. Die Verbindung zwischen den Schichten untereinander kann beispielsweise durch Kleben oder auch beispielsweise durch Verbindungselemente erfolgen. Die Trägerschichten 1, 1', die energieaufnehmenden Schichten 2, 2' sowie die Schichten 3, 3' werden vorzugsweise in einer Umhüllung 8 angeordnet. Diese Umhüllung 8 kann durch textiles Material gebildet werden, welches je nach Anwendungsfall beispielsweise in Taschenform ausgebildet sein kann, und nach dem Einschieben der Schutzeinrichtung vernäht, verklebt, verschweißt oder mittels eines Klettverschlusses od. dgl. lösbar verschlossen wird.Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention in Cross section, with two protective layers corresponding to FIG. 1 are arranged one above the other. Accordingly, on one first carrier layer 1 over an energy-absorbing protective layer 2 protective plates 4 arranged and another support layer above 1 'and a further layer 3' of protective plates 4 ', which has an energy-absorbing layer 2 'on the carrier layer 1 'are arranged. It can also do more than two such layer combinations can be arranged one above the other. It is essential that the protective plates 4, 4 'are different Layers 3, 3 'are shifted against each other so that the gaps between the protective plates 4 by the arranged above Protection plates 4 'are covered and thus an absolute Provide puncture resistance against pointed objects. It can also several material combinations on top of each other in different Order and number can be arranged. The connection between the layers with each other can for example by gluing or also done for example by connecting elements. The backing layers 1, 1 ', the energy-absorbing layers 2, 2' and the layers 3, 3 'are preferably arranged in an envelope 8. This envelope 8 can be formed by textile material depending on the application, for example in pocket form can be formed, and after inserting the Protective device sewn, glued, welded or by means of a Velcro or the like is detachably closed.

    Fig. 4 zeigt eine gegenüber der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 3 erweiterte Ausführungsform der Schutzeinrichtung, bei der in Auftreffrichtung des eindringenden Gegenstandes gesehen, hinter den Schichten 3 und 3' aus beweglich miteinander verbundenen Schutzplatten 4 und 4' sowie der energieaufnehmenden Schicht 2 und der Trägerschicht 1 zumindest eine energieverteilende Schicht 6 sowie zumindest eine Schaumstoffschicht 7 angeordnet ist. Für die energieverteilende Schicht 6 wird vorteilhafterweise ein Kunststoff mit einer Härte von mindestens 60 Shore A, beispielsweise eine LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene)-Folie verwendet. Geeignete Materialien für die Schaumstoffschichten 7 sind Nitril-PVC-Schäume, welche einen hohen energieabsorbierenden Effekt aufweisen. Je nach Anwendung können mehrere derartige Schaumstoffschichten 7 an der dem Körper zugewandten Seite der Schutzeinrichtung vorgesehen sein. Die aus der zumindest einen energieverteilenden Schicht 6 und der zumindest einen Schaumstoffschicht 7 bestehende Materialschicht 5 dient dazu, die Eindringtiefe von Geschoßen od. dgl. in Richtung des Körpers zu reduzieren, indem die vom eindringenden Gegenstand ausgehende Energie in den Schaumstoffschichten 7 absorbiert wird. Die die Schutzeinrichtung bildenden Schichten können von einer Umhüllung, beispielsweise aus textilem Material, umgeben und durch Verkleben oder Vernähen in der Lage stabilisiert sein. Dies ist insbesondere bei der Verwendung für Schutzwesten zweckmäßig.FIG. 4 shows one compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 3 Extended embodiment of the protective device, in which Seen the direction of impact of the penetrating object, behind layers 3 and 3 'of movably interconnected Protection plates 4 and 4 'and the energy-absorbing layer 2 and the carrier layer 1 at least one energy-distributing layer 6 and at least one foam layer 7 is arranged. For the energy-distributing layer 6 advantageously becomes one Plastic with a hardness of at least 60 Shore A, for example uses an LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) film. suitable Materials for the foam layers 7 are nitrile PVC foams, which has a high energy absorbing effect exhibit. Depending on the application, several such foam layers can be used 7 on the side of the protective device facing the body be provided. The one from at least one energy-distributing layer 6 and the at least one foam layer 7 existing material layer 5 serves the penetration depth from projectiles or the like towards the body reduce it by moving out from the penetrating object Energy is absorbed in the foam layers 7. The the Layers forming the protective device can be covered by a covering, for example made of textile material, surrounded and by gluing or sewing can be stabilized. This is particularly so useful when using protective vests.

    Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert:The present invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments explained in more detail:

    Beispiel 1:Example 1:

    Trägerschicht 1Carrier layer 1 Aramid-GewebeAramid fabric Energieaufnehmende Schicht 2Energy absorbing layer 2 0,3 mm Astrosorb®0.3 mm Astrosorb® Schutzplatte 4Protection plate 4 1,5 mm Aluminium1.5 mm aluminum

    Das für die energieaufnehmende Schicht 2 verwendete Material Astrosorb® auf Basis von Polynorbonen weist die folgenden Eigenschaften auf: Spezifisches Gewicht 1,08 g/cm3 Härte 25 Shore A Verschleißfestigkeit 900 mm3 Zugfestigkeit 4,5 N/mm2 Bruchdehnung 490 %. The material Astrosorb® based on polynorbones used for the energy-absorbing layer 2 has the following properties: specific weight 1.08 g / cm 3 hardness 25 Shore A wear resistance 900 mm 3 tensile strenght 4.5 N / mm 2 elongation 490%.

    Eine solche Materialkombination, bestehend aus Trägerschicht 1, energieabsorbierender Schicht 2 und Schicht 3 aus beweglich miteinander verbundenen Schutzplatten 4 wird vorzugsweise in doppelter Ausführung und in Verbindung mit 28 weiteren Lagen Aramid-Gewebe zum Schutz vor Geschoßen einerseits und Stichverletzungen andererseits verwendet.Such a combination of materials, consisting of a carrier layer 1, energy absorbing layer 2 and layer 3 made of movable interconnected protective plates 4 is preferably in double version and in connection with 28 further layers Aramid fabric to protect against bullets on the one hand and stab wounds on the other hand used.

    Bei Beschuss eines in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Aufbaus einer Schutzeinrichtung, d.h. zwei übereinander angeordnete Schutzschichten, bestehend aus jeweils einer Trägerschicht 1, einer energieaufnehmenden Schicht 2 und einer Schutzplattenschicht 3 zusammen mit 28 Lagen Aramidgewebe mit einem Magnum 44-Teilmantelgeschoß mit 240 grain und 500/m/s Geschwindigkeit tritt ein Trauma, d.h. eine Wölbung der Schutzeinrichtung in Richtung des Körpers von 140 mm auf, welche tötlich wäre.When a structure described in Example 1 is bombarded Protective device, i.e. two protective layers arranged one above the other, consisting of a carrier layer 1, one each energy-absorbing layer 2 and a protective plate layer 3 together with 28 layers of aramid fabric with a Magnum 44 partial jacket floor at 240 grain and 500 / m / s speed occurs Trauma, i.e. a curvature of the protective device in the direction of the Body of 140 mm, which would be fatal.

    Beispiel 2:Example 2:

    Durch Erweiterung der Ausführungsform gemäß Beispiel 1 mit einer zusätzlichen Schutzschicht 5, bestehend aus:By expanding the embodiment according to Example 1 with an additional protective layer 5, consisting of:

    Einer energieverteilenden Schicht 6: 0,5 mm Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)An energy-distributing layer 6: 0.5 mm low density polyethylene (LDPE)

    Schaumstoffschicht 7: Bestehend aus 3 x 3 mm energieabsorbierendem, expandiertem Elastomer Memory® konnte das Trauma auf 28 mm reduziert werden. Dies wäre auch nach den letzten Vorgaben NIJ (National Institute of Justice) akzeptabel.Foam layer 7: Consisting of 3 x 3 mm energy absorbing, expanded elastomer Memory® could cause the trauma 28 mm can be reduced. This would also be according to the last guidelines NIJ (National Institute of Justice) acceptable.

    Der Schaumstoff Memory® (auf Basis von Nitril-PVC-Schaum) hat die folgenden Eigenschaften: Spezifisches Gewicht 0,19 g/cm3 Härte 13 Shore A Elastizität 6 %. The Memory® foam (based on nitrile PVC foam) has the following properties: specific weight 0.19 g / cm 3 hardness 13 Shore A elasticity 6%.

    Anstelle der oben beschriebenen energieverteilenden Schicht 6 aus Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) kann auch jeder andere Kunststoff mit einer Härte von mehr als 60 Shore A verwendet werden.Instead of the energy-distributing layer described above 6 made of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) can be used by anyone else Plastic with a hardness of more than 60 Shore A is used become.

    Eine weitere Erhöhung des Schutzeffekts kann durch eine Erhöhung der jeweiligen Anzahl der Schutzschichten erreicht werden, wobei der Tragekomfort sinkt.A further increase in the protective effect can be achieved by an increase the respective number of protective layers can be achieved whereby the comfort decreases.

    Die oben beschriebene Schutzeinrichtung wird vorteilhafterweise in einer Umhüllung 8 angeordnet, welche beispielsweise aus textilem Gewebe besteht und nach Einschieben der Schutzeinrichtung verschlossen, beispielsweise verklebt, vernäht, verschweißt oder mittels eines Klettverschlusses lösbar verschlossen wird.The protective device described above is advantageous arranged in an envelope 8, which, for example, from textile fabric and after inserting the protective device closed, for example glued, sewn, welded or is releasably closed by means of a Velcro fastener.

    Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schutzeinrichtung wird ein besonders hoher Schutz vor eindringenden Geschoßen einerseits und vor Durchstechen mit spitzen Gegenständen, wie Nadeln, andererseits bei gleichzeitig hohem Tragekomfort erreicht. Die vorliegende Schutzeinrichtung zeichnet sich durch besonders niedriges Gewicht, verglichen mit bekannten Protektoren, aus.With the protective device according to the invention, a special high protection against penetrating projectiles on the one hand and against Piercing with pointed objects, such as needles, on the other hand achieved with high wearing comfort. The present Protective device is characterized by particularly low weight, compared to known protectors.

    Claims (22)

    1. A device for protecting body parts against penetrating objects, such as, e.g., projectiles or splinters, comprising at least one carrier layer (1) and at least one layer (3) with a protective plate (4), wherein, viewed in the impact direction (X) of the object, at least one energy-absorbing layer (2) is arranged in front of the carrier layer (1), and wherein the protective plate (4) mentioned is connected to the said carrier layer (1) via at least one mentioned energy-absorbing layer (2), the carrier layer (1) not being expandable, characterised in that at least one mentioned energy absorbing layer (2) consists of a three-dimensional polynorbonene-based matrix with fillers, such as, e.g., special oils, silicates etc., for improving the physical properties, and that said layer (3) consists of adjacently arranged protective plates (4) so as to thereby form a protective layer that is bendable in one direction.
    2. A protective device according to claim 1, characterised in that the protective plates (4) have a substantially rectangular base.
    3. A protective device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the protective plates (3) are spaced from each other at 0.2 mm at the most.
    4. A protective device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the protective plates are arranged to overlap each other.
    5. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the protective plates (4) are made of aluminium alloys, preferably of titanium-aluminium alloys.
    6. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the protective plates (4) are made of steel.
    7. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the protective plates (4) are made of ceramics.
    8. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the protective plates (4) are made of polycarbonate.
    9. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that an energy-absorbing layer (2) is made of foamed elastomers, preferably of nitrile-PVC foam or of foamed polyolefins.
    10. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a carrier layer (1) is made of a fiber- or fabric-reinforced synthetic material, respectively.
    11. A protective device according to claim 10, characterised in that a carrier layer (1) is made of an aramide fabric.
    12. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that viewed in the impact direction (X) of the object, several carrier layers (1), energy-absorbing layers (2) and layers (3) of movably interconnected protective plates (4) are alternately arranged.
    13. A protective device according to claim 12, characterised in that the protective plates (4, 4') of different layers (3, 3') are arranged in mutually offset relationship.
    14. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that viewed in the impact direction (X) of the object, at least one energy-distributing layer (6) is arranged behind the last carrier layer (1), and therebehind, at least one foamed material layer (7) is arranged.
    15. A protective device according to claim 14, characterised in that the at least one energy-distributing layer (6) is made of a synthetic material having a hardness of at least 60 Shore A.
    16. A protective device according to claim 14 or 15, characterised in that at least one energy-distributing layer (6) is made of a film of low density polyethylene (LDPE).
    17. A protective device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterised in that at least one foamed material layer (7) is made of nitrile-PVC-foam.
    18. A protective device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterised in that at least one foamed material layer (7) is made of an energy abosrbing, expanding elastomer.
    19. A protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that all layers (1, 2, 3, 6, 7) are surrounded by an envelope.
    20. A protective device according to claim 19, characterised in that the envelope is made up of textile material.
    21. A protective device according to claim 19 or 20, characterised in that the envelope is connected, e.g. sewed together, glued together, or the like.
    22. A protective outer garment, in particular a protective vest, comprising a protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 21.
    EP01981930A 2000-11-27 2001-10-24 Device for the protection of body parts from penetrating objects and protective suit using said protection device Expired - Lifetime EP1337166B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (1)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    AT01981930T ATE270827T1 (en) 2000-11-27 2001-10-24 DEVICE FOR PROTECTING PARTS OF THE BODY FROM INTRUSIVE OBJECTS AND PROTECTIVE OUTER CLOTHING USING SUCH A PROTECTIVE DEVICE

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    AT19882000 2000-11-27
    AT0198800A AT410142B (en) 2000-11-27 2000-11-27 Device protects body parts against bullets or shrapnels, has carrier layer, layer of protective plates and energy-absorbing layer
    PCT/AT2001/000345 WO2002041719A1 (en) 2000-11-27 2001-10-24 Device for the protection of body parts from penetrating objects and protective suit using said protection device

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1337166A1 EP1337166A1 (en) 2003-08-27
    EP1337166B1 true EP1337166B1 (en) 2004-07-14

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01981930A Expired - Lifetime EP1337166B1 (en) 2000-11-27 2001-10-24 Device for the protection of body parts from penetrating objects and protective suit using said protection device

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    EP (1) EP1337166B1 (en)
    AT (2) AT410142B (en)
    AU (1) AU2002213632A1 (en)
    DE (1) DE50102874D1 (en)
    WO (1) WO2002041719A1 (en)

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    DE102005018480A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Klaus Bachmann Composite material comprises at least two outer layers, an inner layer, and an intermediate adhesive material
    US7562612B2 (en) 2001-07-25 2009-07-21 Aceram Materials & Technologies, Inc. Ceramic components, ceramic component systems, and ceramic armour systems
    US8113104B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2012-02-14 Aceram Materials and Technologies, Inc. Ceramic components with diamond coating for armor applications

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    DE10313231B4 (en) * 2003-03-19 2007-10-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. High-strength fabrics for end ballistic protection and wear protection
    DE102005053594A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-16 Parthy Kai Self-adhesive protective tape
    US8402876B2 (en) * 2009-10-27 2013-03-26 Edan Administration Services (Ireland) Limited Ballistic lightweight ceramic armor with cross-pellets
    US9322621B2 (en) * 2009-10-27 2016-04-26 Edan Administration Services (Ireland) Limited Armor system
    WO2014045248A1 (en) 2012-09-23 2014-03-27 Edan Administration Services (Ireland) Limited Armor system

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    US7562612B2 (en) 2001-07-25 2009-07-21 Aceram Materials & Technologies, Inc. Ceramic components, ceramic component systems, and ceramic armour systems
    US8215223B2 (en) 2001-07-25 2012-07-10 Aceram Materials And Technologies Inc. Ceramic components, ceramic component systems, and ceramic armour systems
    US8113104B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2012-02-14 Aceram Materials and Technologies, Inc. Ceramic components with diamond coating for armor applications
    DE102005018480A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Klaus Bachmann Composite material comprises at least two outer layers, an inner layer, and an intermediate adhesive material
    DE102005018480B4 (en) * 2005-03-31 2008-05-08 Klaus Bachmann Composite material for protective clothing

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ATE270827T1 (en) 2004-07-15
    DE50102874D1 (en) 2004-08-19
    EP1337166A1 (en) 2003-08-27
    AT410142B (en) 2003-02-25
    ATA19882000A (en) 2002-06-15
    AU2002213632A1 (en) 2002-06-03
    WO2002041719A1 (en) 2002-05-30

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