Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C55/005—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
  • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
  • B29C48/911—Cooling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
  • B29C48/911—Cooling
  • B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
  • B29C48/914—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means cooling drums
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
  • B29K2105/16—Fillers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
  • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
  • B29K2995/0059—Degradable
  • B29K2995/006—Bio-degradable, e.g. bioabsorbable, bioresorbable or bioerodible
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
  • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
  • B32B2038/0028—Stretching, elongating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
  • B32B2305/20—Fibres of continuous length in the form of a non-woven mat
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2305/30—Fillers, e.g. particles, powders, beads, flakes, spheres, chips
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/716—Degradable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
  • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
  • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
  • B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
  • B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state

Definitions

• the present invention relates to air and moisture vapor
• thermoplastic film which was made by incrementally stretching the
• the film may include fillers.
• Polymer films of polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL polycaprolactone
• amorphous polypropylene phase is first embossed prior to biaxially
• microvoids to enhance the permeability of the otherwise imperforate film
• the continuous film matrix of a crystallizable polymer may
• inorganic filler such as clay, titanium dioxide, calcium
• European patent 141592 discloses the use of a polyolefin
• EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
• Patents Nos. 4,452,845 and 4,596,738 also disclose stretched
• thermoplastic films where the dispersed phase may be a polyethylene
• thermoplastic copolyester films having improved properties
• Biodegradable and/or compostable products help preserve
• compostability is particularly important in disposable, high use products
• Thermoplastic films that are biodegradable and/or
• the film can be stretched to form a breathable film.
• This invention is directed to a biodegradable film which is
• MVTRs moisture vapor transmission rates
• MVTRs having MVTRs, preferably on the order of about 1200 to about
• nonwoven substrates were also disclosed.
• This invention is directed to further improvements in
• biodegradable films and laminates which are both permeable to air and
• the biodegradable film in a broad form of the invention, the biodegradable film
• thermoplastic polymer comprises a blend of a biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and a
• laminate is activated upon stretching, preferably incremental stretching
• biodegradable polymers such as polycaprolactone (PCL) blended with PCL
• starch polymers or polyvinylalcohol (PVA) that may be film-formed are examples of starch polymers or polyvinylalcohol (PVA) that may be film-formed.
• biodegradable polymers include polylactides (PLA), PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA, PMMA
• polyesters and copolyesters The biodegradable films and laminates can be used for diaper
• the biodegradable film is especially suitable for
• MVTR greater than about 1000 gms per m 2 per day and 100°F and 95%
• RH relative humidity
• thermoplastic film having these breathable properties of
• the biodegradable film composition can be achieved by:
• the film may be
• Calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and zeolite particles are the most common fillers. As developed
• microvoids are produced to provide breathability and
• an inorganic filler particles for example, calcium carbonate, zeolite, silica,
• composition with other additives into a nip of rollers to form a film at a
• melt blended More particularly, in preferred form, the melt blended
• composition consists essentially of about 60% to about 75% of a
• polyester such as aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters which are described in
• thermoplastic copolyesters may comprise at least one
• At least one aliphatic diol having from 4 to about 12 carbon atoms.
• thermoplastic copolyester may comprise at least one
• aromatic dicarboxylic acid at least one aliphatic diol and a polyalkylene
• the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of:
• At least one of said aromatic dicarboxylic acids is selected from
• naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and mixtures thereof; and at least one of
• said aliphatic diols is selected from the group consisting of
• thermoplastic copolyester may comprise various combinations
• polymers include ester-ether polyester (Hytrel and
• PVA polyvinyl alcohol
• PCL polycaprolactone
• PLA polylactide
• polyesters such as polyhydroxy(butyrate) (PHB), polyhydroxy(valerate) (PHV); and mixtures
• sulfate or zeolite, having an average particle size of about 1 to about
• the biodegradable nonwovens may be laminated to the films
• melt-stable lactide polymers of the type
• biodegradable and/or compostable include cotton nonwovens
• melt-blended composition is slot-
• cooling zone substantially parallel to the web surface are used.
• stretching force is applied to the film or the laminate at high speeds along
• the flat films are produced according to the principles of this
• the stretching process may be conducted at
• the microporous film may be obtained with nonwoven fibrous webs.
• the microporous laminate employs a film
• the film thickness will vary and, most preferably, in
• disposable applications is the order of about 0.25 to 2 mils in thickness.
• the nonwoven fibrous webs of the laminated sheet normally have a weight of about 5 gms/yd 2 to 75 gms/yd 2 , preferably about 20 to about
• the composite or laminate can be incrementally stretched
• CD cross direction
• CD stretching may be followed by stretching in the machine
• microporous film or laminate may be any suitable material. As indicated above, the microporous film or laminate may be any suitable material.
• microporous-formable film are microporous-formable film. These laminates of nonwoven carded fibrous
• webs of staple fibers or nonwoven spun-bonded fibrous webs may be
• the diagonal intermeshing stretcher consists of a pair of left
• shafts are disposed between two machine side plates, the lower shaft
• the slidable members are adjustable in the vertical direction by wedge shaped elements operable by
• Micrometers mounted to the side frames are operable
• Air cylinders are employed to hold the slidable members in
• cylinders may also be retracted to disengage the upper and lower
• a drive means is typically utilized to drive the stationery
• intermeshing teeth is avoided. If the intermeshing rolls are to remain in
• the upper intermeshing roll typically need not be driven. Drive may be accomplished by the driven intermeshing roll
• the intermeshing rolls closely resemble fine pitch helical
• the rolls have 5.935" diameter, 45°
• the teeth are not designed to transmit
• the CD intermeshing stretching equipment is identical to the
• intermeshing elements are capable of large engagement depths, it is
• a gear resides on each end of this shaft and operates in
• the drive for the CD intermeshing stretcher must operate
• the drive need not be antibacklash, however, because a ' small
• the CD intermeshing elements are machined from solid
• CD intermeshing element configuration would have a 0.100" pitch.
• the MD intermeshing stretching equipment is identical to the
• the MD intermeshing rolls closely resemble fine pitch spur gears.
• the rolls have a 5.933" diameter, 0.100"
• stretchers may be employed to produce the incrementally stretched film
• microporous film products of this invention form the microporous film products of this invention.
• stretching operation may be employed on an extrusion laminate of a
• nonwoven fibrous web of staple fibers or spun-bonded filaments are nonwoven fibrous web of staple fibers or spun-bonded filaments and
• microporous-formable thermoplastic film in one of the unique aspects
• filaments may be incrementally stretched to provide a very soft fibrous
• fibrous web and microporous-formable film is incrementally stretched using, for instance, the CD and/or MD intermeshing stretcher with one
• microporous film and laminates of this invention are microporous film and laminates of this invention.
• FIG. 1 is a microphotograph of the film surface of
• FIG. 2 is a microphotograph of a cross-section of
• Example 1 A film at 2000X.
• FIG. 3 is a microphotograph of the film surface of
• Example 1 B at 1000X in the unstretched area due to intermeshing.
• FIG. 4 is a microphotograph of the film surface of
• FIG. 5 is a microphotograph of a cross-section of
• Example 1 B film at 2000X through the stretched surface area.
• a biodegradable copolyester of an aromatic-aliphatic type is provided.
• melt temperatures on the order of about 425°F-475°F.
• FIG. 1 microphotograph of such a film surface is shown in FIG. 1 , and a cross-
• FIG. 2 The film was tested and found not to be air
• Example 1 A when incrementally stretched at a
• the MVTR increased from 939 g/m 2 /day (Example 1 A) to
• Example 1 B The air permeability of the film having originally zero permeability (Example 1 A), became 570 cc of air/cm 2 /min
• Examples 1 A and 1 B did show the embedded inorganic particles (see
• FIGS. 1 -5 The high MVTR and air-permeable biodegradable film of this
• Example 1 A film (see FIG. 2, cross-section), there were no pore
• Example 1 A film The mechanical properties of Example 1 A film are as
• the biodegradable film of Example 1 B is suitable for diaper
• Example 1 A type as employed in Example 1 A are extruded into a film in a similar manner
• biodegradable films as indicated below.
• biodegradable polymers such as the polylactides,
• polycaprolactones, starch, polyvinylalcohols, polyesters, and copolyesters, can be processed with inorganic filler particles to provide

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
• Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
• Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
• Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (20)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2001
  • 2001-06-26 PL PL36102201A patent/PL361022A1/xx unknown
  • 2001-06-26 KR KR10-2003-7006811A patent/KR20030060943A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-06-26 AU AU7016801A patent/AU7016801A/xx active Pending
  • 2001-06-26 EP EP01948724A patent/EP1335948A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-06-26 CN CNA018193250A patent/CN1596277A/zh active Pending
  • 2001-06-26 BR BR0115472-9A patent/BR0115472A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-06-26 JP JP2002545077A patent/JP2004514756A/ja active Pending
  • 2001-06-26 HU HU0400310A patent/HUP0400310A2/hu unknown
  • 2001-06-26 AU AU2001270168A patent/AU2001270168B9/en not_active Ceased
  • 2001-06-26 MX MXPA03004503A patent/MXPA03004503A/es unknown
  • 2001-06-26 WO PCT/US2001/020299 patent/WO2002042365A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-06-26 RU RU2003118440/04A patent/RU2256673C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-07-24 TW TW090118058A patent/TW542846B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-08-09 AR ARP010103824A patent/AR030336A1/es unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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