EP1330936B1 - Couplage direct de guide d'ondes a un circuit d'attaque de compression dote d'embouchures formees de fentes d'adaptation - Google Patents

Couplage direct de guide d'ondes a un circuit d'attaque de compression dote d'embouchures formees de fentes d'adaptation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1330936B1
EP1330936B1 EP00965650A EP00965650A EP1330936B1 EP 1330936 B1 EP1330936 B1 EP 1330936B1 EP 00965650 A EP00965650 A EP 00965650A EP 00965650 A EP00965650 A EP 00965650A EP 1330936 B1 EP1330936 B1 EP 1330936B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
horn
input
output
plug
apertures
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP00965650A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1330936A1 (fr
EP1330936A4 (fr
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Robert Michael Grunberg
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/30—Combinations of transducers with horns, e.g. with mechanical matching means, i.e. front-loaded horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electro-acoustic transducers and specifically to the type commonly referred to as compression drivers which are used in conjunction with acoustic horns, waveguides or directional baffles.
  • Compression drivers have traditionally been equipped with diaphragms having a spherical section radiating surface of area A in , which conforms to a spherical input surface of a phasing/compression plug (acoustic transformer or equalizer).
  • the acoustic pressure generated by movement of the diaphragm is directed into inlet apertures, in the form of slits or holes, on the spherical input surface of the compression plug through a plurality of passages that pass through the body of the compression plug to emerge from outlet ports which are collectively contained in a circular output region, called the throat of area A out , on the front of the driver disposed towards the horn where A out is less than A in .
  • Figures 1 to 3 show various prior art compression plugs 250a, 250b, 250c used in conventional round throated compression drivers (not shown).
  • the input apertures typically consist of distributed holes, concentric slits, radial slits and combinations thereof.
  • the compression plug causes the air displaced by the diaphragm to be compressed and to emerge in planar phased coherence at the circular throat of the driver.
  • Figure 1 shows input apertures provided as concentric slits;
  • Figure 2 shows input apertures provided as radial slits;
  • Figure 3 shows input apertures provided as distributed holes.
  • a dashed circle 251 represents the location of the compression driver's round throat on the far side of the illustrated compression plugs.
  • Compression plugs for high frequency drivers have been designed with a chosen compression ratio, typically about 10:1, and with the distances between the inlet apertures being sufficiently small to enable a unique phase relationship up to the highest desired frequency which forms a plane wave at the circular throat on the front of the driver.
  • a chosen compression ratio typically about 10:1
  • the distances between the inlet apertures being sufficiently small to enable a unique phase relationship up to the highest desired frequency which forms a plane wave at the circular throat on the front of the driver.
  • the predominant model of the day had generated a plane wave at the throat of the compression driver, which coupled to a acoustic horn, having a round input throat of equal diameter and in this model, the plane wave at the throat of the driver propagates through the horn and exits at the horn mouth, impossibly, as a non-divergent plane wave.
  • Multicell horns 200 generally have a rectangular throat 201 requiring that an intermediate acoustic coupler 210 that provides a round to square, or round to rectangular (unity to non-unity) transition from the circular throat of the compression driver (not shown) to the rectangular input throat 201 of the horn.
  • a diffraction slot is defined as an acoustically diffractive aperture with a non-unity aspect (height/width) ratio.
  • the diffraction slot is typically, but not necessarily rectangular and according to this present specification, is necessarily of lesser area than that of the radiating diaphragm.
  • US 4,718,517 discloses a speaker system with a frustro-conical diaphragm and a wedge that forms two diverging channels between its respective side walls and the apposed wall of a main plug structure
  • JP54-162536 discloses a phase plug for a compression driver having parallel slits. The is made approximately equal to reduce high-frequency distortions.
  • the objectives of this invention are to provide:
  • This invention relates generally to a phasing/compression plug and the direct coupling of its acoustic output to a waveguide or horn having a slot throat.
  • the plug has an input or primary end having a surface conforming to the contour of the radiating diaphragm and spaced therefrom and having a plurality of inlet apertures, preferably slits, in parallel array at spaced-apart increments, and it has a like plurality of output apertures in parallel and juxtaposed array on the secondary end of the plug body, which collectively form an output aperture within a region which has unequal length and width dimensions and which is of lesser area than the area of the input surface.
  • a plurality of passages through the plug body connect each of the primary surface input apertures to a respective output aperture.
  • the relative lengths of the passages are preselected to provide an acoustic wavefront which may be concave along its major (vertical) axis to achieve narrow vertical dispersion, and planar or convex across its minor (horizontal) axis to accomplish wide horizontal dispersion by diffraction.
  • the phasing/compression plug of the invention effects the transition of the bounds of the wavefront from round to a non-unity aspect ratio in a novel function of the plug such that the throat of the driver can be directly coupled to an acoustic waveguide or horn having a matching slot throat, thereby eliminating the requirement for a transition coupler and for a horn with an internal diffraction slot.
  • Figures 5-8 and 15 show a first preferred compression driver 10 containing a first preferred phasing/compression plug 14 (generally hereafter just “plug” for the sake of brevity).
  • this particular compression driver 10 is formed from the plug 14 in combination with a diaphragm 30 with an integral voice coil 36 a circular array of permanent magnets 28 and associated pole pieces 13, 20 and a cover 18.
  • the plug 14 generally comprises a body (not numbered) with an input end 12 and an output end 46.
  • the input end may be regarded as an input surface 12 of area A in
  • the output end 46 may be regarded as an output region 46 of lesser area A out .
  • Figure 5 shows the back of the compression driver 10 without its cover 18 or diaphragm 30 in order to expose the input surface 12 of the plug 14.
  • Figure 6 shows the front 54 of the compression driver 10 that contains a throat (not separately numbered) formed, in part, from the output region 46 of the plug 14.
  • the cover 18 and an outer pole piece 20 are combined to form a cylindrical housing 16.
  • the cover 18 has a flange 22 which is secured to the outer pole piece 20 with assembly screws (not shown) which are received in threaded bores 26 in the outer pole piece 20.
  • the outer pole piece 20 supports the circular array of permanent magnets 28 which surround the inner pole piece 13.
  • the plug 14 is received in an arcuately tapered recess 15 in the inner pole piece 13, its input surface 12 conforming to an inward surface of the diaphragm 30.
  • the diaphragm 30 and the input surface 12 have spherical surfaces, but other geometries are possible.
  • the diaphragm 30 has an annular rim 32 that is received between the flange 22 of the cover 18 and outer pole piece 20.
  • the diaphragm 30, in practice, is formed of metal foil or a fiber composite with a thickness from about 0.002 for high frequency drivers to about 0.02 inch for middle frequency drivers.
  • the annular rim 32 of the diaphragm 30 has an annular compliance section 34 and a cylindrical voice coil 36 that extends from the diaphragm 30 adjacent to the compliance 34.
  • the voice coil 36 extends into an annular air gap 38 between the inner pole piece 13 and the outer pole piece 20 such that currents driven through the voice coil 36 will cause the diaphragm 30 to move accordingly.
  • the inner pole piece 13 provides a planar surface 40 on which to mount a horn flange.
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view of the compression driver 10 along the section line 7-7 of Figure 5 .
  • the cover 18 and the diaphragm 30 are depicted and the spherical nature of the diaphragm 30 and the plug's input surface 12 is visible.
  • the internal topology of the plug 14 is best understood through simultaneous reference to Figures 5-8 and 15 .
  • the figures collectively show a plurality of input apertures 50 on the plug's spherical input surface 12, the input apertures 50 opening to a corresponding plurality of passages 58 that expand to the plug's output region 46.
  • the preferred input apertures 50 are provided as closely-spaced, parallel array of chordal slits 50. Above a frequency related to the diameter and material of the diaphragm, pistonic behaviour ceases and the surface area of a circular diaphragm tends to breakup in radial and concentric modes of resonance.
  • the parallel, chordal slits beneficially randomize the resonant acoustic output from the modal vibration of the diaphragm, resulting in smoother response in the resonant frequency range.
  • FIG. 5A for example, the parallel chordal slits 50 are used in a plug suitable for use in a compression driver having a rectangular throat 46A that is oriented in parallel with the slits rather than perpendicularly as shown in Figure 5 .
  • the parallel chordal slits 50 are used in a plug suitable for use in a compression driver having a circular throat 46B.
  • each passage 58 has converging side-walls 60 and 62 and, as shown in Figure 8 , each passage 58 has diverging top and bottom walls 64 and 66. In the direction of propagation, therefore, the passages 58 converge toward the output region 46 along one axis (see Figure 7 ) while expanding, overall, in terms of cross-sectional area from input aperture 50 to output aperture 48.
  • Figure 5 shows the input apertures 50 in perpendicular alignment with the output region 46 (dashed line).
  • the output apertures contained in the output region are of lesser width and greater height than said slits.
  • Other orientations are possible.
  • the input apertures 50 for example, could also have a parallel orientation relative to the output region 46A as shown in Figure 5A .
  • the output apertures contained in the output region are of greater width and lesser height than longest of said slits.
  • the passages 58 are contoured and dimensioned as necessary for the desired performance of the compression driver 10 and associated waveguide or horn.
  • the ratio of the area of each input aperture 50 to the area of its respective output aperture 48 is preferably a constant value to provide the same expansion rate through each passage 58.
  • the length "D 1 " of the side walls 60, 62 is preferably equal to or less than the axial distance "D 2 " from an apex 68 of the input surface 12 to a corresponding point in the output region 46.
  • This dimensional parameter adjusts a wavefront 72 that is flat, or slightly convex across the minor axis of the output region 46.
  • the distances through the passages 58 in the direction of propagation are preferably unequal, with the distance through a centermost passage 74 being greater than that through a laterally located passage 58.
  • the spatial relationship with the spherical diaphragm generates a concave wavefront 72 along the major axis of the output region 46.
  • the plug's passages 58 are preferably dimensioned, therefore, to generate a wavefront 72 that is concave over the major axis and straight or convex over the minor axis of the output region 46.
  • a concave wavefront 72 over the major axis of the driver's output region 46 is desirable in terms of its propagation characteristics when the driver 10 is attached to a suitably dimensioned horn having appropriately divergent top and bottom walls.
  • the concave wavefront 72 will propagate through such a horn and exit the horn's mouth as a substantially straight wavefront along the vertical axis.
  • the result is a cylindrically expanding wavefront emanating from the mouth of the horn, a wavefront that provides higher vertical directivity than possible with a conventional round throated driver coupled to an equivalently dimensioned horn.
  • the prior art combination undesirably forms a deformed convex spherical wavefront at the horn's mouth, a convex wavefront is inherently divergent.
  • the preferred plug 14 has bridging ribs 52 within the input apertures 50 so that they are integral with the plug 14 thereby permitting the plug 14 to be fabricated and placed in the assembly as a unitary body.
  • the throat of the driver must ultimately couple to the throat of the horn.
  • Drivers have traditionally been provided with round throats and such drivers directly couple to a horn with a round throat (that may or may not have transitioned to another internal profile), or indirectly to a horn with a rectangular throat by the use of a transition coupler or throat adapter having a round-to-rectangular configuration.
  • Figure 6 shows the output region 46 containing outlet apertures 48 on the front 54 of the compression driver 10.
  • the preferred output region 46 has a greater height (h) than width such that it has a major axis 46 h and a minor axis 46. (w). Stated another way, the output region 46 has a non-unity aspect ratio in contrast to circular or square output region of known types that have an aspect ratio of unity.
  • the minor axis of the output region 46 is preferably no greater than 33 percent of the diameter of the circular vibrating surface of the diaphragm 30, most preferably 25 percent for a high frequency compression driver.
  • the major axis of the output region 46 is preferably no less than 75 percent of the diameter of the vibrating surface of the diaphragm 30.
  • Figure 6 shows an output region 46 having a rectangular shape for coupling directly to a matching slot throated horn.
  • This aspect of the invention is satisfied by any output region having a non-unity aspect ratio such as an ellipse, an elongated polygon, or any other elongated shape.
  • Figure 9 shows the first preferred compression driver 10 that is coupled directly to an acoustic horn 76 having widely diverging sidewalls 78 and 80 and slightly diverging top and bottom walls 82 and 84.
  • the horn 76 has a rectangular throat 86 that expands to a rectangular mouth 88.
  • the horn 76 has a circular mounting flange 90 for attachment to the front 54 of the compression driver 10.
  • the horn 76 is attached to the driver's front 54 with screws 42 that engage corresponding screw holes 43 in the planar surface 40 of the inner pole piece 13 (shown in Figure 7 ).
  • the driver's slot throat (defined mainly by the output region 46 of the plug 14) is aligned with and acoustically coupled directly to the horn's slot throat 86. It is now possible, therefore, to couple the driver 10 directly to a horn having a rectangular throat 86 that is sufficiently narrow as to function as a diffraction slot. There is beneficially no need to provide a separate transition coupler as shown in Figure 4 , or to provide an internal round-to-rectangular transition within the horn.
  • Figure 10 shows an alternative horn having an external mounting surface 94 that surrounding the throat 86 and supports a plurality of threaded posts 96 that engage holes in a suitable mounting bracket that is attached to or integrally formed with the driver 10.
  • the number of posts 96 may vary, but there are preferably four.
  • Figures 11 and 12 show a second preferred compression driver 96 containing a second preferred plug 95 suitable for use with horns or waveguides in mid-frequency range applications.
  • Figure 11 shows the back of the driver 96.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-section of the driver 96, taken along lines 12-12 in Figure 11 .
  • the second preferred driver 96 comprises, in addition to the plug 95, a diaphragm 108, a voice coil (not numbered), an annular magnet 98, and associated pole pieces 100, 102, and a cover (not numbered).
  • the plug 95 generally comprises a body (not numbered) with an input end 118 and an output end 120.
  • the input end may be regarded as an input surface 118 of area A in
  • the output end may be regarded as an output region 120 of lesser area A out .
  • the diaphragm 108 has an annular skirt 114 and a domed center section 116.
  • the center section 116 is shown as convex, but it may be concave.
  • the circular magnet 98 is in contact with the inner and outer pole pieces 100, 102 and those pole pieces form an annular air gap 104.
  • the diaphragm's voice coil extends into that gap 104 and electrical leads from the coil extend to terminals 110 on the frame 112 of the driver 96 for suitable connection to an amplifier.
  • the contour of the diaphragm 108 conforms to the plug's input surface 118.
  • the plug 95 includes a plurality of input apertures 126 on its input surface 118, the input apertures 126 opening to a corresponding plurality of passages 124 that expand to a plurality of output apertures 120 in an output region 127.
  • the output region 127 serves as the driver's throat as previously described with reference to the driver 10 shown in Figures 5-8 .
  • Figures 13 and 14 show a third preferred compression driver 128 containing a third plug 130 that is suitable for wide-angle applications.
  • Figure 13 shows the back of the driver 128.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-section of the driver 128, taken along lines 13-13 of Figure 13 .
  • the third preferred driver 128 comprises, in addition to the plug 130, a diaphragm 146, a voice coil (not numbered), a cylindrical array of magnets 136, and associated pole pieces 138, 140, and a cover (not numbered).
  • the plug 130 generally comprises a body (not numbered) with an input end 134 and an output end 168.
  • the input end may be regarded as an input surface 134 of area A in and the output end may be regarded as an output region 168 of lesser area A out .
  • the cylindrical array of magnets 136 are in contact with the inner and outer pole piece 138, 140 that form an annular air gap 142.
  • the diaphragm's coil is located in that air gap.
  • the diaphragm 146 further includes an annular compliance 154, and a periphery 148 that is secured between an annular flange 152 of the outer pole piece 140 and a ring 150 with fasteners 144 that seat in threaded bores (not shown).
  • the plug 130 has an annular flange 156.
  • the plug 130 seats in a tapered recess 160 with its annular flange 156 in contact with the inner pole piece 138.
  • the plug's input surface includes input apertures 158 that lead to passages 160 that open to output apertures 162 contained in the output region 168.
  • the third preferred plug 130 is suitable for wide-angle applications in that it has a concave input surface 134 that produces a convex or divergent wavefront along the major axis of the output region 168.
  • the invention has been described with reference to the illustrated and presently preferred embodiments. It is not intended that the invention be unduly limited by this disclosure of the preferred embodiments. Instead, it is intended that the invention be defined by the means, and their obvious equivalents, set forth in the following claims.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
  • Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif comprenant un transducteur électro-acoustique et une trompe fixée au transducteur électro-acoustique ; le transducteur électro-acoustique comporte un diaphragme (30) et une fiche de mise en phase et de compression (14, 14A), la fiche comprenant :
    - un corps doté d'une extrémité d'entrée (12) comportant une surface d'entrée (12) d'aire Ain et une extrémité de sortie (46) comportant une région de sortie (46) d'aire Aout, où Ain> Aout;
    - une pluralité d'ouvertures d'entrée (50) aménagées sous la forme de fentes d'accord configurées de façon à être espacées entre elles et sensiblement parallèles sur la surface d'entrée (12), au niveau de l'extrémité d'entrée du corps ;
    - une pluralité correspondante d'ouvertures de sortie (48) contenues dans la région de sortie (46), au niveau de l'extrémité de sortie (46) du corps ; et
    - une pluralité de passages (58) à travers le corps, chaque passage (58) raccordant une ouverture d'entrée (50) sélectionnée parmi la pluralité des ouvertures d'entrée (50) avec l'une des ouvertures de sortie (48) correspondantes et dont la surface s'étend des ouvertures d'entrée (50) jusqu'aux ouvertures de sortie (48) ;
    dans lequel le diaphragme (30) comporte un bord annulaire (32) ; ledit bord annulaire (32) comporte une section de compliance annulaire (34), dans lequel le diaphragme (30) présente une surface sphérique, la surface sphérique étant adjacente au bord annulaire (32), et dans lequel la trompe comporte un cornet (88) et une embouchure,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la région de sortie (46) est de forme rectangulaire avec un axe majeur (46h) ; les distances à travers les passages (58) dans la direction de propagation sont inégales, la distance à travers un passage central (74) étant supérieure à celle obtenue à travers un passage latéral (58), de sorte qu'une relation spatiale avec le diaphragme sphérique génère un front d'onde concave le long de l'axe majeur (46h) ;
    ladite région de sortie (46) est directement couplée à une embouchure à fente d'adaptation de la trompe ; la trompe présente des parois supérieure et inférieure divergentes, de sorte que le front d'onde concave se propageant à travers la trompe sorte par le cornet (88) de la trompe sous la forme d'un front d'onde sensiblement droit le long d'un axe vertical, et qu'un front d'onde à expansion cylindrique émane ainsi du cornet (88) de la trompe.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la région de sortie (46) est dimensionnée pour servir de fente de diffraction.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les fentes d'accord (50) sont sensiblement perpendiculaires à l'axe majeur (46h) de la région de sortie (46).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les fentes d'accord (50) sont sensiblement parallèles à l'axe majeur (46h) de la région de sortie (46).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite surface d'entrée (12) est circulaire et dans lequel ledit axe mineur (46w) ne dépasse pas 33% du diamètre de ladite surface d'entrée circulaire (12).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite surface d'entrée (12) est circulaire et dans lequel ledit axe mineur (46w) ne dépasse pas 25% du diamètre de ladite surface d'entrée circulaire (12).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite surface d'entrée (12) est circulaire et dans lequel ledit axe majeur (46h) n'est pas inférieur à 75% du diamètre de ladite surface d'entrée circulaire (12).
EP00965650A 2000-09-22 2000-09-22 Couplage direct de guide d'ondes a un circuit d'attaque de compression dote d'embouchures formees de fentes d'adaptation Expired - Lifetime EP1330936B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/AU2000/001157 WO2002025991A1 (fr) 2000-09-22 2000-09-22 Couplage direct de guide d'ondes a un circuit d'attaque de compression dote d'embouchures formees de fentes d'adaptation

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1330936A1 EP1330936A1 (fr) 2003-07-30
EP1330936A4 EP1330936A4 (fr) 2006-12-27
EP1330936B1 true EP1330936B1 (fr) 2009-11-11

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EP00965650A Expired - Lifetime EP1330936B1 (fr) 2000-09-22 2000-09-22 Couplage direct de guide d'ondes a un circuit d'attaque de compression dote d'embouchures formees de fentes d'adaptation

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EP (1) EP1330936B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100413379C (fr)
AT (1) ATE448648T1 (fr)
AU (2) AU7633200A (fr)
DE (1) DE60043311D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002025991A1 (fr)

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EP4294045A1 (fr) * 2022-06-13 2023-12-20 Harman International Industries, Inc. Circuit d'attaque de compression à sortie rectangulaire

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FI120126B (fi) 2004-04-30 2009-06-30 Aura Audio Oy Menetelmä tasaisen ääniaaltorintaman aikaansaamiseksi sekä tasoaaltosuuntain, kaiutinrakenne ja akustinen linjasäteilijä
GB2443228B (en) * 2006-10-25 2010-02-10 Gary Paul Nicholson Piezo-electric loudspeaker
US8917896B2 (en) 2009-09-11 2014-12-23 Bose Corporation Automated customization of loudspeakers
US9111521B2 (en) 2009-09-11 2015-08-18 Bose Corporation Modular acoustic horns and horn arrays
US9049519B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2015-06-02 Bose Corporation Acoustic horn gain managing
DE102012107645B4 (de) * 2012-08-21 2015-04-30 D & B Audiotechnik Gmbh Akustischer wandler
CN107925813B (zh) 2015-08-14 2020-01-14 杜比实验室特许公司 具有不对称扩散以用于经反射声音再现的向上激发扩音器
US9712911B2 (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-07-18 Bose Corporation Conformable adaptors for diffraction slots in speakers
EP3429224A1 (fr) * 2017-07-14 2019-01-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Haut-parleur
ES2919959T3 (es) * 2018-10-26 2022-07-29 B&C Speakers S P A Accionador de compresión coaxial
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EP4294045A1 (fr) * 2022-06-13 2023-12-20 Harman International Industries, Inc. Circuit d'attaque de compression à sortie rectangulaire

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Publication number Publication date
ATE448648T1 (de) 2009-11-15
EP1330936A1 (fr) 2003-07-30
EP1330936A4 (fr) 2006-12-27
DE60043311D1 (de) 2009-12-24
CN1461577A (zh) 2003-12-10
AU7633200A (en) 2002-04-02
AU2000276332B2 (en) 2005-03-10
WO2002025991A1 (fr) 2002-03-28
CN100413379C (zh) 2008-08-20

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