EP1328493A1 - Composition pyrotechnique a combustion lente - Google Patents
Composition pyrotechnique a combustion lenteInfo
- Publication number
- EP1328493A1 EP1328493A1 EP01972215A EP01972215A EP1328493A1 EP 1328493 A1 EP1328493 A1 EP 1328493A1 EP 01972215 A EP01972215 A EP 01972215A EP 01972215 A EP01972215 A EP 01972215A EP 1328493 A1 EP1328493 A1 EP 1328493A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- pyrotechnic composition
- slow combustion
- wax
- anthracene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
- C06B29/22—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate the salt being ammonium perchlorate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C5/00—Fuses, e.g. fuse cords
- C06C5/06—Fuse igniting means; Fuse connectors
Definitions
- the technical sector of the present invention is that of pyrotechnic compositions intended for manufacturing pyrotechnic delays which must be integrated into ammunition, into a security and arming device or into a slow wick.
- patent FR-2 464 932 has proposed a composition for a delay cord comprising tungsten powder (W), barium chromate (BaCr0 4 ), and potassium perchlorate (KC10).
- This composition has a combustion speed of 4 mm / s in a sheath with an external diameter of 3 mm (the thickness of the tin sheaths is generally of the order of 0.5 mm).
- compositions based on tungsten, barium chromate, potassium perchlorate and optionally silica generally have a combustion rate of the order of 2 mm / s or even more than 2 mm / s. These compositions have the particularity of being consumed while generating practically no gas.
- Cord technology is well suited to achieving delays for ammunition. This technology makes it possible to manufacture a longer delay column and it allows the production of complex shapes making it possible to adapt to a reduced available volume. Thus a delay of 15 s can easily be obtained by using a length of cord of 35 mm containing a composition such as that described by patent FR-2,706,449.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new composition with a slow combustion speed, of the order of mm / s, intended to be incorporated into a munition or an element thereof, for example an arming and security.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a pyrotechnic composition with slow combustion intended in particular for producing pyrotechnic delays, composition characterized in that it comprises an oxidizer of the perchlorate type according to a percentage by mass of between 75 and 91%, a chosen reducing among aromatic hydrocarbons according to a percentage by mass of between 5 and 20%, 0 to 6% by mass of a binder and 0 to 5% by mass of a nanometric silica powder.
- the oxidant may be ammonium perchlorate.
- the reducing agent may consist of one anthracene, phenanthrene, naphthalene or a mixture of these.
- the composition may comprise a binder which will consist of a wax.
- composition could then be made up in mass by 75 to 91% of perchlorate, 5 to 20% of aromatic hydrocarbon and 1 to 6% of binder.
- the composition could be made up in mass by 80% of ammonium perchlorate and 20% of anthracene.
- the composition may be made up in mass by: 75 to 91% of perchlorate, 5 to 20% of aromatic hydrocarbon and 0.5 to 5% of a nanometric silica powder.
- the composition may be made up in mass by: 75 to 91% of perchlorate, 5 to 20% of aromatic hydrocarbon, 1 to 6% of binder and 1 to 5% of a nanometric silica powder .
- it can in particular be made up in mass by: - 81.5% ammonium perchlorate, 12.5% anthracene, 5% wax and 1% nanometric silica powder, or
- a very first advantage of the pyrotechnic composition according to the invention lies in the fact that it can be used either in a traditional tubular delay column or in the form of a delay cord or even for producing slow wicks.
- Another advantage lies in the fact that the combustion speed of the composition can be adjusted while guaranteeing regular pyrotechnic behavior and without undesirable gas projection.
- composition makes it possible to manufacture pyrotechnic delays ranging from a few seconds to several minutes.
- composition according to the invention mainly consists of an oxidizing salt, such as ammonium perchlorate and of a reducing organic compound of the aromatic hydrocarbon type, such as anthracene, phenanthrene or naphthalene. It is also possible to incorporate into this composition a binder, for example a wax of the wax-ester type or polyethylene wax.
- an oxidizing salt such as ammonium perchlorate
- a reducing organic compound of the aromatic hydrocarbon type such as anthracene, phenanthrene or naphthalene.
- a binder for example a wax of the wax-ester type or polyethylene wax.
- the binder or the wax makes it possible in a conventional way to ensure coating of the grains of the composition, which improves the homogeneity of the composition and the mechanical strength of the delay produced.
- the resistance to aging delay is also improved, in fact the binder prevents the sedimentation of the various constituents of the composition and therefore ensures the maintenance of the homogeneity of the latter over time (therefore the performance of the delay).
- the binder also participates in the pyrotechnic reaction. The amount of binder possibly used therefore makes it possible to adjust the rate of combustion of the delay.
- composition according to the invention whether or not it comprises a binder, a nanometric silica powder.
- a nanometric silica is a silica whose average grain diameter is between 7 and 40 nanometers. Such silica is sold, for example, under the trade name Aerosil.
- silica ensures good flowability of the prepared composition, which facilitates the loading and processing operations when manufacturing a delay column. It also helps regulate combustion. It does not directly participate in combustion, but the combustion speed can be adjusted by varying the amount of silica used.
- a composition devoid of binder is implemented by the dry route in the following manner:
- the reducing agent and the oxidizing agent are introduced into the tank of a mixer known under the trademark TURBULA. It is kneaded for about twenty minutes, then it is removed from the mixer.
- the fraction of nanometric silica chosen is introduced into the mixer tank and a fraction of 1/5 of the oxidant / reducing mixture previously prepared is added to it. We knead for 5 minutes. The mixer is stopped and another fraction of 1/5 of the oxidizing / reducing mixture is introduced. We knead for 5 minutes. These successive operations are continued until the previously prepared oxidant / reducing mixture is used up.
- a composition comprising a binder for example a wax
- gasoline F is the mixture of hydrocarbons originating in a conventional manner from the distillation of oils between 100 ° C. and 160 ° C. (stage F of the columns distillation).
- the oxidant and the binder solution are then introduced into a planetary or Z-paddle mixer of known type.
- the mixture is kneaded for 5 minutes and then the reducer is introduced. We knead for another 15 minutes approximately.
- the mixture is then recovered in a tray and a pre-drying is carried out under mechanical suction. As soon as its consistency allows, the mixture is granulated on a sieve with a mesh vacuum of between 0.5 and 1 mm.
- the elimination of the solvent is then terminated by an oven for 24 hours in a naturally ventilated oven maintained at 55 ⁇ 5 ° C.
- silica can then be carried out in a composition with wax by rigorously applying the process described previously (implementation by the dry route).
- the composition according to the invention has the originality of mainly decomposing in the form of gaseous compounds.
- a vent will be provided which will be disposed at the rear of the column or the delay cord (ie at the level of the zone where the composition is primed). This vent will allow the evacuation of gases as they are generated and will prevent any bursting of the cord or the delay column.
- Patent FR 2706 449 proposed to introduce a small amount (0.5 to 1.5% by mass) of nanometric silica in a composition combining tungsten / barium chromate / potassium perchlorate. This addition made it possible to avoid bursts of cord sheath. It was too small in proportion to significantly change the rate of combustion.
- the pyrotechnic composition according to the invention will preferably comprise between 75 and 91% by mass of ammonium perchlorate and between 5 and 20% by mass of an aromatic hydrocarbon (for example anthracene, phenanthrene or naphthalene).
- an aromatic hydrocarbon for example anthracene, phenanthrene or naphthalene
- a binder for example a wax, this will represent from 1 to 6% by mass of the composition.
- the composition may incorporate both a binder and silica.
- the binder is first of all associated with the oxidizing / reducing couple and the silica is added to the mixture last.
- We will measure the binder and silica so as to obtain the desired characteristics for the delay: adjustment of the combustion speed (influenced by the binder and / or silica), mechanical and aging resistance (thanks to the binder), improvement in flowability ( thanks to silica).
- the following examples illustrate different embodiments of the composition according to the invention.
- a - Example of composition comprising neither binder nor silica.
- EXAMPLE 1 A composition is prepared as described above, comprising by mass: 80% of ammonium perchlorate and 20% of anthracene. The composition obtained is loaded by compression into a tubular structure of aluminum alloy with an internal diameter of 3.8 mm.
- compositions comprising silica and without binder
- composition comprising by mass 85% of ammonium perchlorate, 10% of anthracene and 5% of nanometric silica (AEROSIL).
- AEROSIL nanometric silica
- composition comprising by mass 84.5% of ammonium perchlorate, 12.5% of anthracene and 3% of nanometric silica (AEROSIL).
- AEROSIL nanometric silica
- composition comprising 87% by mass of ammonium perchlorate, 7.5% of anthracene, 3% of nanometric silica (AEROSIL) and 2.5% of wax.
- AEROSIL nanometric silica
- EXAMPLE 5 A composition comprising, by mass, 82.5% of ammonium perchlorate, 7.5% of anthracene, 5% of nanometric silica (AEROSIL) and 5% of wax is prepared as described above.
- AEROSIL nanometric silica
- composition comprising by mass 81.5% of ammonium perchlorate, 12.5% of anthracene, 1% of nanometric silica (AEROSIL) and 5% of wax.
- AEROSIL nanometric silica
- composition comprising by mass 89% of ammonium perchlorate, 7% of anthracene, 2% of nanometric silica (AEROSIL) and 2% of wax.
- AEROSIL nanometric silica
- compositions comprising a binder and free of silica.
- composition comprising by mass 91% of ammonium perchlorate, 7% of anthracene and 2% of wax.
- a composition comprising 88% by mass of ammonium perchlorate, 7% of anthracene and 5% of wax. Loaded with a delay cord in a tin sheath with an outside diameter of 3.1 mm, the average combustion speed is 0.94 mm / s at -32 ° C, 0.95 mm / s at +20 ° C and 0 , 97 mm / s at +44 ° C.
- EXAMPLE 10 A composition comprising 88% by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 7% of phenanthrene and 5% of wax is prepared as described above. Loaded with a delay cord in a tin sheath with an outside diameter of 3.1 mm, the average combustion speed is 0.89 mm / s at -32 ° C and 0.90 mm / s at +20 ° C.
- EXAMPLE 11 A composition comprising 88% by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 7% of naphthalene and 5% of wax is prepared as described above.
- the average combustion speed is 0.87 mm / s at -32 ° C and 0.94 mm / s at +20 ° C.
- compositions according to the invention all have a combustion speed close to 1 mm / s. It can be seen that the preceding examples make it possible to offer those skilled in the art a wide range of compositions suitable for use in the form of a delay cord, a rigid column or a wick.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0012490 | 2000-09-27 | ||
FR0012490A FR2814462B1 (fr) | 2000-09-27 | 2000-09-27 | Composition pyrotechnique a combustion lente |
PCT/FR2001/002981 WO2002026662A1 (fr) | 2000-09-27 | 2001-09-26 | Composition pyrotechnique a combustion lente |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1328493A1 true EP1328493A1 (fr) | 2003-07-23 |
Family
ID=8854864
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01972215A Withdrawn EP1328493A1 (fr) | 2000-09-27 | 2001-09-26 | Composition pyrotechnique a combustion lente |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6723191B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1328493A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2814462B1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL148951A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002026662A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200203564B (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE97401C (fr) * | ||||
GB560227A (en) * | 1942-06-19 | 1944-03-27 | Percy Alfred Harry Goldsmith | Improved ignition means for blasting cartridges containing a non-combustible gas such as carbon dioxide |
GB2274840B (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 1997-04-09 | Standard Fireworks Ltd | Composition and device incorporating it |
FR2706449B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-18 | 1995-08-11 | Giat Ind Sa | Composition pyrotechnique pour cordeaux retards. |
US6427599B1 (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 2002-08-06 | Bae Systems Integrated Defense Solutions Inc. | Pyrotechnic compositions and uses therefore |
-
2000
- 2000-09-27 FR FR0012490A patent/FR2814462B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-09-26 EP EP01972215A patent/EP1328493A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-09-26 IL IL14895101A patent/IL148951A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-26 WO PCT/FR2001/002981 patent/WO2002026662A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2001-09-26 US US10/111,314 patent/US6723191B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-05-06 ZA ZA200203564A patent/ZA200203564B/xx unknown
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO0226662A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6723191B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 |
IL148951A0 (en) | 2002-11-10 |
FR2814462B1 (fr) | 2003-11-28 |
ZA200203564B (en) | 2003-01-06 |
US20020162615A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
IL148951A (en) | 2005-08-31 |
FR2814462A1 (fr) | 2002-03-29 |
WO2002026662A1 (fr) | 2002-04-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20020325 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20061115 |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: NEXTER MUNITIONS |
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GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: PYROTECHNIC DELAY ELEMENT COMPRISING A SLOW BURNING PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: MORAND, PHILIPPE Inventor name: ESPAGNACQ, ANDRE |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
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18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20110310 |