EP1322900B1 - Procede de rechauffage de produits metallurgiques - Google Patents
Procede de rechauffage de produits metallurgiques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1322900B1 EP1322900B1 EP01967440A EP01967440A EP1322900B1 EP 1322900 B1 EP1322900 B1 EP 1322900B1 EP 01967440 A EP01967440 A EP 01967440A EP 01967440 A EP01967440 A EP 01967440A EP 1322900 B1 EP1322900 B1 EP 1322900B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- products
- furnace
- oxy
- burners
- oxidizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for reheating products metallurgical processes in which solid products are reheated, especially steel to bring them from a lower temperature to substantially 400 ° C at a temperature of at least about 1000 ° C passage in an oven having an upstream zone in which products are preheated and a downstream zone in which the products are brought to their final outlet temperature of the oven, the downstream zone of the furnace being equipped with burners, some of which at least operate with an oxidizer is air, the fumes generated by these burners circulating against the current products and preheating them in the upstream preheating zone.
- Reheat furnaces in the iron and steel industry are used to heat steel products derived in particular from the continuous casting and bring them to the rolling temperature which is of the order of 1000 to 1300 ° C.
- Furnaces of this type usually consist of several zones successive. Starting with the charging (in the direction of scrolling products in the furnace), these successive zones are the so-called upstream zone of exhaustion of fumes (or recovery) in which we recover the thermal energy of the fumes produced downstream of the furnace and circulating at counter current of the products to be heated, to start preheating these products.
- a gaseous fuel body is incorporated in the fumes and oxygen is introduced to burn this combustible body so as to raise the temperature in the recovery zone.
- This preheating zone being followed by one or more zones of heating, and the furnace ending with a so-called equalization zone which serves to ensure the homogeneity of the temperature of the product at the exit of the oven.
- of the burners can be installed preferably on either side of the product which circulates from the preheating zone to the end of the zone (s) of heater. Such burners can also be placed in the vault of the kiln (radiating vaults) or in niches depending on the width of the oven.
- the difference of temperature ⁇ T will be the difference between the temperature of the upper surface of the product exposed to the radiation of the oven and the temperature of the surface bottom of the product in contact with the sole.
- the temperature difference ⁇ T will be the difference between surface temperature and temperature in the heart of product.
- FIG. 1 there is shown in the abscissa the product position in the oven and the ordinate the value of ⁇ T.
- the initial temperature difference (.DELTA.T init) may be zero, when stuffs at room temperature, or non-zero in the case of products whose temperature has not yet returned homogeneous, for example in the case of treatment of metallurgical products shortly after their elaboration.
- X represents the position of the product in the oven, the abscissa 0 being the charging point of the products in the oven, while X B is the defrosting or exit abscissa of the oven.
- the curve (C) of variation of ⁇ T as a function of X in FIG. 1 comprises a point A where the parameter ⁇ T reaches a maximum ( ⁇ T max ), a point D where the parameter ⁇ T has a value ⁇ T init. which is the value of ⁇ T at the charging of the product and a point B where the parameter ⁇ T has a final ⁇ T value, at the exit of the product of the oven (rerouting).
- the temperature difference ⁇ T reaches its maximum ( ⁇ T max ).
- This value ⁇ T max must be as low as possible, since a large difference in temperature is equivalent to deformations of the product (buckling) which can cause a deterioration of the product or an impossibility of operation of the oven or an impossibility of rolling the product at the outlet from the oven.
- the operators must limit the power of the oven and / or the production of the oven to avoid the occurrence of temperature differences ⁇ T too large, which is a major drawback for an industrial.
- Figure 2 illustrates the relationship between the temperature difference ⁇ T and the arrow ie the vertical deformation of the product when it passes through the oven.
- final ⁇ T should be zero at the furnace outlet (disassembly).
- a certain final temperature difference ⁇ T is tolerated, which should not exceed about 100 ° C for the billets and 200 ° C for the slabs and blooms.
- a large temperature difference causes indeed rolling difficulties that can go as far as mechanical incidents in some mill cages.
- any temperature inequality results in a drop in quality on the finished product.
- the process according to the invention consists in the installation of burners whose percentage in oxygen of the oxidant is greater than 21% vol. and less than or equal to 100% flight. (hereinafter referred to as an "oxy-burner”), these burners being installed in the oven so that they are the first burners "seen” by the products to be treated during their progression in the oven, after their charging.
- the preheating zone constituted by these oxybrulers is therefore the first zone preheating the oven.
- the invention thus consists of to place oxy-burners in the area of the oven where the first burners ("first" with regard to the direction of movement in the oven metallurgical product).
- the process according to the invention is characterized in that minus one oxy-fuel burner in the upstream preheating zone of the furnace, this burner being fueled by an oxidant and a fuel, the oxidant containing 88% or more, and preferably 95% or more by volume of oxygen.
- the power of the burners using air as oxidant is reduced by a power between one and twice the power of said oxy-fuel burner.
- Food in oxidizer and burner fuel can be done either by separate injection (injectors opening into the oven), or by coaxial injection (burner co-axial multitubes)), or by oxidizing premix and fuel before injection into the burner then the oven. These different injection techniques are in themselves well known to those skilled in the art.
- the invention may have two variants.
- the first variant consists of the creation of a new oven zone with oxy-burners.
- oxy-burners in an oven area that does not did not initially involve.
- this may consist of the installation of oxy-burners at the end of the so-called recovery oven zone, just before the first heating zone (which normally has burners aero fuel).
- the second variant consists of the conversion of an existing zone; to say that all or part of the air-fuel burners are removed from a zone of existing preheating to replace them with oxy-burners installed in the same area.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the proportion of oxygen in the oxidant injected into said burner oxy-fuel is a function of the preheating temperature of the burners existing aero-fuels, the proportion of oxygen being chosen so that the thermal efficiency of said oxy-fuel burner is greater than thermal efficiency of existing air-fuel burners.
- the process according to the invention is characterized in that the oxidant supplied to said at least one burner is a mixture of industrially pure oxygen and air.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the oxidant supplied to said at least one burner is a mixture of oxygen from a VSA (system "Vacuum Switching Adsorption", well known of the skilled person) and air.
- VSA system "Vacuum Switching Adsorption", well known of the skilled person
- the process according to the invention is characterized in that the oxidant injected into the at least one burner has 1 to 5% argon in flight.
- Molar mass and density argon being higher than those of oxygen, the presence of argon in the oxidant containing oxygen allows to increase the amount of movement of the flame. This increase of amount of motion will give a more stable flame, less sensitive to transverse flows, closer to the metallurgical product to be heated and will therefore result in a more efficient and homogeneous heating of product to be heated.
- the invention can be applied to different types of furnaces, whether for new furnaces on which the method of the invention can be directly installed or existing furnaces that are then modified.
- one of the important parameters of the process according to the invention is to use as oxidant in at least some burners of the preheating zone of the furnace, oxygen-enriched air, the percentage of oxygen of which may vary according to the purpose. So the percentage of oxygen in the oxidizer may vary up to 100% vol.
- FIG. 7 shows the evolution of performance and volume of fumes according to parameters such as the preheating temperature of the air, on the one hand, and the percentage of oxygen, on the other hand.
- the temperature of Preheating the air when using air as an oxidizer, it is possible to find a percentage of oxygen in the oxidizer that gives a better only with combustion in the air. For example, if the temperature of preheating of the air is 300 ° C, any oxidizer whose% 02 is higher at 30% vol. (from figure 7) will give a better thermal efficiency, synonymous with saving energy.
- FIG. 8 represents the evolution of the volume of the fumes (in Nm3 / h by kW of fuel) as a function of the percentage of oxygen in the oxidant.
- the volume of fumes when using air (“aero reference" on the Figure 8) is valid regardless of the preheating temperature of the air.
- the use of pure oxygen as an oxidizer can reduce the volume of fumes from 10.6 to 3 Nm3 / h is a reduction of a factor of 3.5.
- the volume of fumes in the furnace is directly related to the pressure in the oven (which must remain minimal): increase the thermal power delivered in the oven retaining the air as oxidizer would actually mean a increase in the volume of fumes in the oven and therefore an increase in the pressure in the furnace, which would lead to the risk of deterioration of the oven, up to its destruction.
- the power of the aero-gas burners in the modified furnace is then equal to the initial aero-gas power (before modification of the furnace, ie P aero ref .) Minus ⁇ P oxy , with 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2
- FIG. 5 which shows the theoretical variations of ⁇ T between a burning any aero and a combustion, in the same furnace, where some burners have been replaced by burners with pure oxygen, we note that the two problems related to the temperature difference ⁇ T are solved.
- ⁇ T max is lowered while ⁇ T final is also lowered.
- FIG. 5 shows another consequence of the invention: it is possible to increase the hourly production by keeping the values of ⁇ T max and ⁇ T final as they are in the furnace by using an air combustion only.
- This increase in hourly production can take place in two ways: increasing the rate of defloration by keeping the size of the product heated or keeping the rate of diversion and increase the size of the heated product.
- the implementation of the invention makes it possible to reduce ⁇ T max and ⁇ T final and thus again makes it possible to increase pulling.
- the ⁇ T max and ⁇ T final values will return to their initial value, but the hourly output will have been increased, without additional energy consumption.
- Curve G represents the case of a 100% air combustion (existing furnace)
- curve H represents the same furnace equipped with oxy-fuel burners allowing the increase of production
- curve I represents the same furnace equipped with oxy-fuel burners allowing to keep a constant production but lower ⁇ T max and ⁇ T final .
- Another way of increasing hourly production is to increase the size of products at a constant rate of production.
- the consequences are the same as those described above.
- the size of the products increases, the characteristic time of the conduction is modified and the temperature differences will therefore widen; ⁇ T max and ⁇ T final increase if the combustion is done only in air.
- the implementation of the invention makes it possible to lower these values in a first step and thus to process (heat up) products of larger size.
- FIG. 3 shows the implementation of the invention on a 1 kiln of billets with sole spars, the furnace having a power about 30 MW, a pull of 92 t / h.
- the oven consists of an upstream zone 5 constituting the first half of the furnace and a downstream zone 6 occupying the second half of the oven.
- Products 8 enter furnace 1 through entrance 2 and move from the right to the left in the figure, to exit 3. Burners aerofuels in the downstream zone 6 have been retained, while several oxy-fuel burners 11 were installed in about half of the area upstream 5 (the nearest half of the downstream zone 6). The fumes circulate from the exit to the input, countercurrent products 8 which are thus preheated to their contact. The fumes are evacuated by the chimney 4.
- FIG. 4 represents another example of implementation of the invention with a slab reheating furnace.
- the same elements that those of Figure 3 have the same references.
- the upstream zone 5 of the furnace already has a heating zone 6, powered by air-gas burners, according to the provisions of Figure 4a.
- the burners 10 Fig. 4a
- the burners 11 Fig. 4b
- a decrease of the ⁇ T of the products of the order of 30% for a increase of the pulling up to 50% if the power consumed total is retained.
- the arrangement of the burners 11 follows the rules set out above for the installation of oxy-fuel burners.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
Claims (7)
- Procédé de réchauffage de produits métallurgiques dans lequel on procède au réchauffage de produits sotides, notamment en acier afin de les amener d'une température inférieure à sensiblement 400°C à une température d'au moins environ 1000°C par passage dans un four comportant une zone amont dans laquelle lesdits produits sont préchauffés et une zone aval dans laquelle lesdits produits sont amenés à leur température finale de sortie du four, la zone aval du four étant équipée de brûleurs dont certains au moins fonctionnent avec un comburant qui est de l'air, les fumées engendrées par ces brûleurs circulant à contre courant des produits et venant préchauffer ceux-ci dans la zone amont de préchauffage, caractérisé en ce que l'on dispose au moins un brûleur oxycombustible dans la zone amont de préchauffage du four, ce brûleur étant alimenté par du comburant et du combustible, la proportion d'oxygène dans le comburant injecté dans ledit brûleur oxycombustible est supérieure ou égale à 88% vol., de préférence supérieure ou égale à 95% vol., la puissance des brûleurs utilisant de l'air comme comburant étant réduite d'une puissance comprise entre une fois et deux fois la puissance dudit brûleur oxycombustible.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 dans lequel on modifie un four existant, caractérisé en ce que ledit brûleur oxycombustible situé dans la zone amont du four, est installé à un emplacement qui ne comportait pas de brûleur initialement.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 dans lequel on modifie un four existant, caractérisé en ce que le dit brûleur oxycombustible est substitué à un ou plusieurs brûleurs aérocombustibles existants.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la proportion d'oxygène dans le comburant injecté dans ledit brûleur oxycombustible est choisie en fonction de la température de préchauffe de l'air de combustion des brûleurs aéro combustibles existants.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le comburant fourni audit brûleur oxycombustible est un mélange d'oxygène industriellement pur et d'air.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le comburant fourni audit brûleur oxycombustible est un mélange d'air et d'oxygène issu d'un VSA.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le comburant injecté dans ledit brûleur oxycombustible comporte de 1 à 5% d'argon en vol. environ.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0011480A FR2813893B1 (fr) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-09-08 | Procede de rechauffage de produits metallurgiques |
FR0011480 | 2000-09-08 | ||
PCT/FR2001/002772 WO2002021061A1 (fr) | 2000-09-08 | 2001-09-06 | Procede de rechauffage de produits metallurgiques |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1322900A1 EP1322900A1 (fr) | 2003-07-02 |
EP1322900B1 true EP1322900B1 (fr) | 2005-11-02 |
Family
ID=8854113
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01967440A Expired - Lifetime EP1322900B1 (fr) | 2000-09-08 | 2001-09-06 | Procede de rechauffage de produits metallurgiques |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6652681B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1322900B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1460170A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE308731T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001287819A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60114653T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2813893B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002021061A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2829232B1 (fr) * | 2001-09-06 | 2004-08-20 | Air Liquide | Procede pour ameliorer le profil de temperature d'un four |
SE521170C2 (sv) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-10-07 | Linde Ag | Förfarande för värmebehandling av rostfritt stål |
FR2854233B1 (fr) * | 2003-04-24 | 2005-06-03 | Air Liquide | Procede pour ameliorer les performances d'un four de rechauffage et four mettant en oeuvre ce procede |
SE527771C2 (sv) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-30 | Aga Ab | Förfarande vid tillverkning av långsträckta stålprodukter |
SE529299C2 (sv) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-06-26 | Aga Ab | Förfarande för att justera hårdheten hos en skivliknande metallprodukt |
US20070163387A1 (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-19 | Rmi Titanium Company | Method and apparatus for preheating and feeding material |
DE102006005063A1 (de) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-09 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Stahlbändern |
RU2324745C2 (ru) * | 2006-02-26 | 2008-05-20 | Игорь Михайлович Дистергефт | Способ тепловой обработки металла в пламенной печи прямого или косвенного нагрева (варианты), способ сжигания смеси жидкого или газообразного топлива и нагретого воздуха в пламенной печи прямого или косвенного нагрева, устройство отопления (варианты) и регенеративная насадка (варианты) для осуществления способов |
US20070231761A1 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-04 | Lee Rosen | Integration of oxy-fuel and air-fuel combustion |
SE531077C2 (sv) * | 2006-04-11 | 2008-12-09 | Aga Ab | Förfarande för värmning av metallmaterial |
FR2920438B1 (fr) | 2007-08-31 | 2010-11-05 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Sas | Procede de mise en oeuvre d'une ligne de recuit ou de galvanisation en continu d'une bande metallique |
ITBO20100248A1 (it) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-10-23 | Siti B & T Group S P A | Forno per ceramiche ad efficienza migliorata |
US20150168067A1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Rudiger Eichler | Method for heating a metal material in an industrial furnace |
EP2891859A1 (fr) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-07-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé pour chauffer un matériau métallique dans un four industriel |
MA43067A (fr) | 2015-07-16 | 2018-05-23 | Messer Austria Gmbh | Dispositif et procédé pour réchauffer des produits métalliques |
CN108716852A (zh) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-30 | 佛山市中晨窑炉设备有限公司 | 一种窑炉烧成氧化段二次燃烧系统 |
EP3839340A1 (fr) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-23 | Linde GmbH | Procédé et système de chauffage d'un four |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2046595A5 (en) * | 1970-04-30 | 1971-03-05 | Nassheuer Jean Ind | Continuous ingot furnace for wires and - semi-finished products |
TW265286B (fr) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-12-11 | Gas Res Inst | |
JPH09263836A (ja) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | 連続加熱方法および装置 |
US6071116A (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 2000-06-06 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Heat recovery apparatus and methods of use |
US5954498A (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-21 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Oxidizing oxygen-fuel burner firing for reducing NOx emissions from high temperature furnaces |
FR2785668B1 (fr) * | 1998-11-10 | 2001-02-23 | Air Liquide | Procede de chauffage d'un four a chargement continu notamment pour produits siderurgiques, et four de chauffage a chargement continu |
US6454562B1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2002-09-24 | L'air Liquide-Societe' Anonyme A' Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Oxy-boost control in furnaces |
-
2000
- 2000-09-08 FR FR0011480A patent/FR2813893B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-09-06 WO PCT/FR2001/002772 patent/WO2002021061A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2001-09-06 DE DE60114653T patent/DE60114653T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-06 AT AT01967440T patent/ATE308731T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-06 CN CN01815234A patent/CN1460170A/zh active Pending
- 2001-09-06 EP EP01967440A patent/EP1322900B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-06 AU AU2001287819A patent/AU2001287819A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-07 US US09/948,037 patent/US6652681B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002021061A1 (fr) | 2002-03-14 |
FR2813893A1 (fr) | 2002-03-15 |
FR2813893B1 (fr) | 2003-03-21 |
DE60114653D1 (de) | 2005-12-08 |
ATE308731T1 (de) | 2005-11-15 |
CN1460170A (zh) | 2003-12-03 |
EP1322900A1 (fr) | 2003-07-02 |
DE60114653T2 (de) | 2006-08-10 |
AU2001287819A1 (en) | 2002-03-22 |
US6652681B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 |
US20020050670A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
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Inventor name: TSIAVA, REMI Inventor name: AMMOURI, FOUAD Inventor name: DELABROY, OLIVIER Inventor name: LE GOUEFFLEC, GERARD |
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