EP1314336A2 - Elektromechanischer wandler, insbesondere für den einbau in den ansaugtrakt einer brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Elektromechanischer wandler, insbesondere für den einbau in den ansaugtrakt einer brennkraftmaschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP1314336A2 EP1314336A2 EP01965233A EP01965233A EP1314336A2 EP 1314336 A2 EP1314336 A2 EP 1314336A2 EP 01965233 A EP01965233 A EP 01965233A EP 01965233 A EP01965233 A EP 01965233A EP 1314336 A2 EP1314336 A2 EP 1314336A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- pressure
- loudspeaker
- spring
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
- F02M35/1244—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification using interference; Masking or reflecting sound
- F02M35/125—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification using interference; Masking or reflecting sound by using active elements, e.g. speakers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
- G10K11/17883—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being derived from a machine operating condition, e.g. engine RPM or vehicle speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/18—Resonant transducers, i.e. adapted to produce maximum output at a predetermined frequency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/112—Ducts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/321—Physical
- G10K2210/3212—Actuator details, e.g. composition or microstructure
Definitions
- Electro-mechanical converter in particular for installation in the intake tract of an internal combustion engine
- the invention relates to an electromechanical transducer, which is provided in particular for influencing the intake noise of an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the invention also relates to an intake system for an internal combustion engine, in which the electromechanical transducer is installed, according to the preamble of the patent claim 6th
- the active influencing of the intake noise of an internal combustion engine e.g. B. through a speaker is known.
- a possible arrangement is shown in US Pat. No. 5,321,759.
- the intake tract 12, from which an intake noise 20 is emitted, is of interest in this context.
- the controller receives at least one speed signal 44 from the internal combustion engine 10, which is processed electronically.
- other sizes such as. B. the position 18 of the throttle valve 16, are included in the computing process of the electronic control.
- the intake noise of the internal combustion engine can be actively influenced.
- a reduction in the intake noise or a change in the noise characteristic can be achieved.
- the degree to which the intake noise is influenced is limited by the dimensioning of the loudspeaker.
- the achievable loudspeaker performance is frequency-dependent, since the loudspeaker as such represents a spring-mass system consisting of the loudspeaker membrane and the iron core for excitation by an electrical coil.
- the electromechanical transducer according to the invention is characterized in that the mass of the loudspeaker is additionally connected to a gas spring which is supported in a stationary manner with respect to the mass.
- the gas spring can of course also be operated with any other gas. So when we speak of an air spring in the following, we mean a gas spring according to the general usage in the technical sense.
- the stiffness of the air spring is variable in relation to the distance the mass travels. This enables the speaker to be detuned in a targeted manner, which shifts its resonant frequency.
- the electromechanical converter shows a particularly high efficiency. Therefore, by shifting the resonance frequency with limited speaker power or dimensions, an optimal effect with regard to the imitated vibrations can be achieved.
- the electromechanical transducer in the intake tract of an internal combustion engine, the most disruptive frequency ranges, which are variable in frequency depending on the speed, can be changed or reduced.
- a loudspeaker can be regarded as a spring-mass oscillator, in which the voice coil, the oscillating mass and the membrane of the loudspeaker represent a mechanical spring.
- a second spring is added to this system, which is designed as a gas spring.
- the enclosed volume acts as a spring when the mass is deflected, and its effect can be added to the mechanical spring.
- a total spring constant c tot results as the sum of the individual spring constants
- V - ⁇ - d • p 1 1 c lake ⁇ 4 ⁇ V - ⁇ / 4 - d - h V + ⁇ / 4 - d - h with the enclosed volume V at rest, the filling pressure p, the piston diameter d and the deflection h.
- the loudspeaker can be detuned by varying the filling pressure.
- the intake manifold vacuum can be used for applications in motor vehicles.
- the hardness of the gas spring can be influenced by a factor> 2.
- the resonance frequency of the loudspeaker can thus be changed in accordance with the equations shown and adapted to the engine speed. Additional poten
- the gas spring is designed such that the enclosed volume V is distributed over both sides of the piston.
- This has the advantage that, regardless of the pressure that prevails in the partial volumes, the rest position of the mass, determined by the resilient element, is established.
- the arrangement of the enclosed volume on one side of the piston is also conceivable, a change in the pressure in this case leading to a shift in the rest position of the electromechanical transducer.
- the design of the gas spring as a double-acting piston has the advantage that the electromechanical transducer can be deflected in both directions with the same amplitude regardless of the operating pressure of the gas spring.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that at least one further air spring is attached to the mass, which is also supported in a stationary manner. In effect, it is connected in parallel to the first air spring.
- the additional air spring can be switched on and off, whereby the overall spring stiffness of the two air springs can be changed. This makes it possible to detune the speaker in the form already described. If the electromechanical converter is used in the intake tract of the internal combustion engine, an abrupt change in the spring stiffness can be brought about even with limited pressure fluctuations.
- the electromechanical converter can advantageously be integrated into the intake system for an internal combustion engine.
- the electromechanical converter can also be used in the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine. This measure aims to actively influence the intake noise. This can be used to reduce their amplitudes when frequencies with high noise levels occur. Another possibility is to change the intake noise in order to achieve a noise characteristic that is more pleasant in human perception.
- the suction system itself can be used to generate a vacuum in the gas spring.
- the intake manifold of the intake system in particular, there is a negative pressure in operating conditions with the throttle valve fully or partially closed, which can be used to change the pressure in the volume of the gas spring. Additional pressure sources for changing the pressure in the gas spring are therefore not necessary, which advantageously makes it possible to save on components which would impair the economy of the design of the electromechanical transducer according to the invention.
- the air spring is connected to a connection that leads to a pressure source.
- this pressure source can be designed as either a vacuum or an overpressure store.
- various pressure sources are available in the motor vehicle.
- the brake booster can be used as a vacuum source.
- the use of a compressor for generating an overpressure is conceivable. In trucks or buses, compressed air systems are almost always provided, for example for the brakes, which can be used as a pressure source for detuning the electromechanical converter.
- a separate pressure source for the gas spring can also be provided.
- FIG. 1 shows the schematic structure of an electromechanical transducer with gas spring designed as a loudspeaker
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the arrangement of a loudspeaker in the intake tract of an internal combustion engine
- Figure 3 shows a loudspeaker having a gear for changing the spring stiffness of the gas spring
- FIG. 4 shows a loudspeaker with two gas springs, one gas spring being connected to the pressure accumulator of a compressed air system.
- a loudspeaker 10 according to FIG. 1 consists of a membrane 11 as a resilient element, to which a mass 12 is attached, which together with a coil 13 forms the drive of the loudspeaker.
- the coil can be excited with the aid of an electrical energy source 14, which leads to an oscillation of the mass 12 in the direction of the indicated double pelpfeiles leads.
- the membrane 11 is clamped in place, which is indicated by hatching 15. Such hatching is used in FIG. 1 and in the following figures to indicate that components are fixed in place.
- the mass 12 is coupled to an air spring 16, which is also supported in a stationary manner.
- the vibrations carried out by the mass 12 lead to a relative movement of a piston 17 in a cylinder 18 of the air spring.
- the piston 17 moves, the two partial volumes 19 change, which creates a restoring force of the air spring.
- the partial volumes 19 have pressure connections 20, via which the pressure in the partial volumes can be changed. If a three-way valve 21 is opened, the pressure in the air spring can be changed via a feed line 22 and a compensating line 23. After the three-way valve 21 has been closed, pressure equalization between the partial volumes 19 can be brought about via the equalizing line 23. So that the air spring can develop its effect, a check valve 24 must be closed in the compensating line. If the loudspeaker 10 is not actuated, a pressure equalization between the partial volumes 19 can be set via the compensating line with the shut-off valve open, this pressure equilibrium then being exactly in the rest position of the loudspeaker 10.
- Pressure lines 25 lead from the three-way valve 21 to various pressure sources, with the aid of which a change in the pressure present in the air spring can be brought about.
- the environment can also be viewed as a pressure source, the atmospheric pressure being established in the air spring when this pressure line is connected.
- An internal combustion engine 26 is shown schematically in FIG. This has an intake tract 27 with a throttle valve 28 and an exhaust system 29. The direction of the intake air and the exhaust gas is indicated by arrows.
- the loudspeaker 10 is also arranged in the intake tract.
- a microphone 31 is attached to an intake port 30.
- a controller 32 is provided, to which an actual sound signal I picked up by the microphone 31 and a speed signal D taken from the internal combustion engine 26 are fed.
- a speed sensor 33 is provided for this purpose. It is also possible to measure the throttle valve angle with the aid of a position sensor 34. This generates a further parameter P, which can also be processed by the controller 32.
- the controller 32 generates a control signal A tot which is converted into a correction sound 35 by the loudspeaker 10. This is superimposed on the intake noise 36, which results in an actual noise 37. This can be checked by the microphone 31 and corresponds to the desired intake noise of the internal combustion engine.
- the exact function of the intake tract described can be found in the German application with the file number 199 49 685.
- the air pressure in the air spring 16 is determined with the aid of a pressure sensor 38.
- the air pressure signal L thus generated is also processed by the controller.
- the loudspeaker 10 can be controlled as a function of its detuning by the air spring 16.
- the control can z. B. determine an approximation for the overall spring stiffness of the loudspeaker according to the formula already given. Another possibility is to store a suitable map in the control system as a function of the measured air pressure in the air spring 16.
- the air spring 16 which is used in the intake tract according to FIG. 2, is formed by a cylinder acting on one side. As a result, it only has the feed line 22 and no compensating line. If the air pressure in the air spring changes, the loudspeaker 's zero position is accepted.
- the pressure lines 25 lead on the one hand into the environment, on the other hand into a collecting space 39 of a suction pipe 40.
- the closing elements 41 allow the pressure in the air spring to be set between the atmospheric pressure and the negative pressure currently present in the suction pipe.
- Monitoring of the air spring 16 by the pressure sensor 38 is not absolutely necessary.
- a self-regulating system is also conceivable, since the detuning of the loudspeaker, due to the pressure conditions, corresponds at least when the internal combustion engine is idling and at high speeds to the necessary adaptation of the resonance frequency of the loudspeaker. These two speed ranges of the internal combustion engine are particularly suitable for correcting the intake noise.
- the controller 32 is designed as a digital computer.
- the loudspeaker 10 must therefore be controlled via a digital / analog converter 42 and an amplifier 43.
- FIG. 3 shows the possibility of a mechanical adjustment of the spring stiffness of the air spring 16.
- a lever rod 44 is articulated to the mass 12 of the loudspeaker 10 at one end. The other end is fixed.
- the air spring which is also supported on one side in a stationary manner, has an axially displaceable suspension 45 on the lever rod 44 on the other side. By changing the lever ratios on the lever rod 44, the effective spring stiffness of the air spring in relation to the path of the mass 12 also changes.
- FIG. 4 a loudspeaker 10 is shown in FIG. 4, the mass 12 of which is equipped with two air springs 16 and 16a.
- the air spring 16 corresponds to the air spring already described in FIG. 1. It is provided with the corresponding valves and lines, an assignment according to FIG. 1 being possible using the corresponding reference numerals.
- the three-way valve 21 is replaced by several closure members 41a.
- Two of the pressure lines are connected to a pressure source 46, which in the exemplary embodiment is designed as a pressure accumulator.
- the pressure source forms part of a compressed air system to which a further consumer 47 is connected.
- the further air spring 16a only has a connection 48 with a closure member 41, with the aid of which the volume enclosed by the air filter can be connected to the surroundings.
- a closure member 41 When the closure member 41 is open, the action of the air spring 16a is thus overridden. This results in the possibility of connecting the air filters 16a to the air spring 16.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10043294 | 2000-09-02 | ||
| DE10043294A DE10043294A1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2000-09-02 | Elektromechanischer Wandler, insbesondere für den Einbau in den Ansaugtrakt einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| PCT/EP2001/009990 WO2002019758A2 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2001-08-30 | Elektromechanischer wandler, insbesondere für den einbau in den ansaugtrakt einer brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1314336A2 true EP1314336A2 (de) | 2003-05-28 |
Family
ID=7654762
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01965233A Withdrawn EP1314336A2 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2001-08-30 | Elektromechanischer wandler, insbesondere für den einbau in den ansaugtrakt einer brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1314336A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10043294A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002019758A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005019459B3 (de) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-07-13 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Aktiver Ansaugschalldämpfer |
| DE102018113500A1 (de) | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-12 | Technische Universität Kaiserslautern | Elektrodynamischer Lautsprecher |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0559927A (ja) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-03-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | 騒音低減装置 |
| US5321759A (en) * | 1992-04-29 | 1994-06-14 | General Motors Corporation | Active noise control system for attenuating engine generated noise |
| JPH09105321A (ja) * | 1995-10-09 | 1997-04-22 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | 消音装置 |
| DE19648986C1 (de) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-04-09 | Raida Hans Joachim | Gerichteter Stabstrahler |
-
2000
- 2000-09-02 DE DE10043294A patent/DE10043294A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-08-30 WO PCT/EP2001/009990 patent/WO2002019758A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-08-30 EP EP01965233A patent/EP1314336A2/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0219758A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002019758A2 (de) | 2002-03-07 |
| WO2002019758A3 (de) | 2003-03-06 |
| DE10043294A1 (de) | 2002-03-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030122 |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: WILD, STEPHAN Inventor name: PRICKEN, FRANC |
|
| R17P | Request for examination filed (corrected) |
Effective date: 20030407 |
|
| R17P | Request for examination filed (corrected) |
Effective date: 20030122 |
|
| R17P | Request for examination filed (corrected) |
Effective date: 20030407 |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: MANN + HUMMEL GMBH |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20050301 |
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| R17P | Request for examination filed (corrected) |
Effective date: 20030122 |