EP1313946B1 - Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection - Google Patents

Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1313946B1
EP1313946B1 EP01956286A EP01956286A EP1313946B1 EP 1313946 B1 EP1313946 B1 EP 1313946B1 EP 01956286 A EP01956286 A EP 01956286A EP 01956286 A EP01956286 A EP 01956286A EP 1313946 B1 EP1313946 B1 EP 1313946B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon brushes
starter motor
section
main circuit
starting device
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01956286A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1313946A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Renner
Roger Ferwagner
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10—Safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/02—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors having longitudinally-shiftable rotors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric starting device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1, see, e.g. DE-A-19,950,956th
  • Such starting devices are also used, for example, in large vehicles such as buses and the like, as for example in cars.
  • the starting devices are partially automatically controlled or remotely controlled, so that the driver does not acoustically monitor the starting process and thus can not stop immediately in the event of a fault or thermal overload.
  • the starting device as well as in a misuse too long driving the starter by hand warm so much that the connecting cable between the terminal 45 of the starting relay and the starter motor is glowing and melts in the limit. There is a risk that parts in the immediate vicinity of the cable are damaged in the vehicle, which could lead to a vehicle fire in extreme cases.
  • the aim is to achieve a fully effective protection against overheating of external parts, even at start-up systems of smaller sizes, without using additional, expensive means for this purpose.
  • the starting device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that in an overload of the main circuit by responding arranged in the starter motor fuse the risk of overheating of motor vehicle parts in the starter and thus the risk of consequential damage is reliably avoided.
  • By a correspondingly strong enough dimensioning of the remaining parts in the main circuit can also be concentrated in an advantageous manner, the heating almost punctually on the area of the integrated fuse in the starter, so that the rest Parts of the starting device when addressing the fuse will not be damaged.
  • a cost-neutral fuse in the starter motor can be realized without additional means in that at least one of the carbon brushes has a pigtail designed as a fuse. This is by material selection or by a connection technique with z. B. lower melting point and / or by a smaller cross section of the pigtail feasible.
  • a particularly cost-effective solution results from the fact that the pigtail cross-section of at least one carbon brush compared to the cross section of the other areas of the main circuit is weakened so much that this pigtail melts at excessive load of the starter motor.
  • a reliably effective fuse can be achieved already by the fact that of the at least two in the main circuit via the Kommutator devisr in series carbon brushes, the pigtail of a carbon brush compared to the other carbon brush by more than 10%, preferably 25% weaker cross-section.
  • the connecting leads can also be provided with an insulation which prevents rapid heat dissipation.
  • the starter motor 11 is a four-pole DC motor with permanent magnet excitation.
  • a commutator 12 of the starter motor 11 is mounted multiple times with its output shaft 13.
  • the output shaft 13 carries a coarse thread 14, which cooperates with a non-illustrated female thread of a Mit possiblyschaftes 15.
  • the Mit technicallyschaft 15 is fixedly connected to an outer ring of a freewheel 16, the inner ring carries a starter gear 17 front.
  • the starter pinion 17 is on the coarse thread 14 to a stop 18th axially displaceable and spurting it into a ring gear 19 of an internal combustion engine, not shown.
  • the pre and tracing the starter pinion is done by a starter relay 20 which engages over a reversing lever 21 and a Einspurfeder 22 on the freewheel 16.
  • the starting relay 20 is also connected to a switching contact in the main circuit 23 of the starting device.
  • a dashed line switching contact 24 is connected via a terminal 30 to the positive pole of a rechargeable battery of the motor vehicle.
  • a leading to the starter motor 11 connecting cable 25 is attached.
  • the connecting cable 25 is welded at its other end to a connecting rail 26 which is received in a housing 27 made of insulating material 27 in the housing 28 of the starter motor 11.
  • the rotor 12 of the starter motor 11 carries at its rear end a commutator 29, on the circumference four carbon brushes 31 are arranged distributed.
  • the carbon brushes 31a to 31d are each received in a brush holder 32 made of plastic, which is fixedly mounted on a metallic brush holder plate 33.
  • the support plate 33 is fastened by means of screws to the rear end plate 34 of the starter motor 11.
  • the carbon brushes 31 are pressed in the mounted state of the starter motor 11 against the surface of the commutator 29.
  • the two upper carbon brushes 31a, 31b are welded with their connecting strands 36a, 36b to the connecting rail 26 and thus form the plus-side carbon brushes.
  • the two lower carbon brushes 31c, 31d are welded with their connecting strands 36c, 36d to a bent connection angle 37 of the brush support plate 33.
  • the main circuit 23 of the starting device 10 thus passes through the switching contact 24 of the starting relay 20, the connecting cable 25, the connecting rail 26 and from there via the connecting leads 36a, 36b to the carbon brushes 31a and 31b; then via the commutator 29 and the rotor 12 to the lower carbon brushes 31c and 31d and then via their connecting leads 36c and 36d to the brush-holder plate 33 lying on ground.
  • the cross sections of the connection strands 36a and 36b of the plus side carbon brushes 31a, 31b are 25% weaker than the cross sections of the connection strands 36c and 36d of the low side carbon brushes 31c, 31d.
  • the connecting strands 36a, 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31b have a cross-section of 3 mm 2
  • the connecting strands 36c, 36d of the ground-side carbon brushes 31c, 31d have a cross section of 4 mm 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines comprising a starter motor (11) and a starter relay (20). In the main circuit (23) of the starting arrangement, the switch contacts of the starter relay (20) are in series with the commutator track (12) of the starter motor (11) and the carbon brushes (31) thereof. An overload protector interrupts the main circuit on a starter motor overload, depending upon the current value and duration. In order to achieve an economical and reliable overload protection for the starter arrangement at least one section of the main circuit (23) situated within the starter motor (11), preferably at least one connector slot (36) for the carbon brushes (31) is embodied as a fusible protector.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Startvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Patentanspruchs 1, siehe z.B. DE-A-19950956.The invention relates to an electric starting device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1, see, e.g. DE-A-19,950,956th

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Derartige Startvorrichtungen kommen beispielsweise bei großen Kraftfahrzeugen wie Omnibussen und dergleichen ebenso zum Einsatz, wie beispielsweise bei Pkws. Die Startvorrichtungen werden dabei teilweise automatisch angesteuert bzw. ferngesteuert, so dass der Fahrer den Startvorgang nicht akustisch überwachen und somit bei einer Störung oder einer thermischen Überlastung nicht unverzüglich beenden kann. Dabei kann die Startvorrichtung ebenso wie bei einem mißbräuchlich zu langem Ansteuern des Starters von Hand sich so stark erwärmen, dass das Verbindungskabel zwischen der Klemme 45 des Startrelais und dem Startermotor glühend wird und im Grenzfall abschmilzt. Dabei besteht die Gefahr, dass in unmittelbarer Nähe des Kabels befindliche Teile im Kraftfahrzeug beschädigt werden, was im Extremfall zu einem Fahrzeugbrand führen könnte.Such starting devices are also used, for example, in large vehicles such as buses and the like, as for example in cars. The starting devices are partially automatically controlled or remotely controlled, so that the driver does not acoustically monitor the starting process and thus can not stop immediately in the event of a fault or thermal overload. In this case, the starting device as well as in a misuse too long driving the starter by hand warm so much that the connecting cable between the terminal 45 of the starting relay and the starter motor is glowing and melts in the limit. There is a risk that parts in the immediate vicinity of the cable are damaged in the vehicle, which could lead to a vehicle fire in extreme cases.

Gemäß der DE 30 02 232 C2 ist es bei Startvorrichtungen bekannt, zur thermischen Absicherung der Startvorrichtung in dem Verbindungskabel zwischen Startrelais und Startermotor ein Steuerteil einzufügen, das über einen Thermoschalter das Startrelais beim Überschreiten einer Grenztemperatur abschaltet und damit den Startvorgang unterbricht. Diese Lösung ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und kommt daher in erster Linie nur für leistungsstarke Startvorrichtungen in Betracht, da ein derartiger Überlastschutz nicht nur eine örtliche Überhitzung im Fahrzeug durch ein Wegschmelzen des Kabels beseitigt, sondern außerdem einen Defekt der Startvorrichtung verhindert. Bei einem Defekt am Steuerteil oder am Thermoschalter würde ein solcher Überlastschutz jedoch wirkungslos werden. Ebenso schützt er nicht, wenn das Leistungsrelais selbst eine Kontaktverschweißung hat, da er nur die Spule des Leistungsrelais spannungsfrei schaltet.According to DE 30 02 232 C2, it is known in starting devices for thermal protection of the starting device in to insert a control unit into the connection cable between the starting relay and the starter motor, which switches off the starting relay via a thermal switch when a limit temperature is exceeded and thus interrupts the starting process. However, this solution is very expensive and therefore comes primarily only for powerful launchers into consideration, since such overload protection not only eliminates local overheating in the vehicle by melting away the cable, but also prevents a defect of the starting device. In the event of a defect on the control unit or on the thermal switch, however, such an overload protection would become ineffective. Likewise, it does not protect when the power relay itself has a contact weld, as it only switches the coil of the power relay voltage-free.

Mit der vorliegenden Lösung wird angestrebt, auch bei Startanlagen kleinerer Baugrößen einen voll wirksamer Schutz gegen eine Überhitzung außen liegender Teile zu erzielen, ohne hierfür zusätzliche, aufwendige Mittel einzusetzen.With the present solution, the aim is to achieve a fully effective protection against overheating of external parts, even at start-up systems of smaller sizes, without using additional, expensive means for this purpose.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Startvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass bei einer Überlastung der Hauptstromkreis durch Ansprechen der im Startermotor angeordneten Schmelzsicherung die Gefahr einer Überhitzung von Kraftfahrzeugteilen im Bereich der Startvorrichtung und damit die Gefahr eines Folgeschadens zuverlässig vermieden wird. Durch eine entsprechend ausreichend starke Dimensionierung der übrigen im Hauptstromkreis liegenden Teile kann ferner in vorteilhafter Weise die Erhitzung nahezu punktuell auf den Bereich der im Starter integrierten Schmelzsicherung konzentriert werden, so dass die übrigen Teile der Startvorrichtung beim Ansprechen der Schmelzsicherung keinen Schaden nehmen.The starting device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that in an overload of the main circuit by responding arranged in the starter motor fuse the risk of overheating of motor vehicle parts in the starter and thus the risk of consequential damage is reliably avoided. By a correspondingly strong enough dimensioning of the remaining parts in the main circuit can also be concentrated in an advantageous manner, the heating almost punctually on the area of the integrated fuse in the starter, so that the rest Parts of the starting device when addressing the fuse will not be damaged.

So läßt sich ohne zusätzliche Mittel eine kostenneutrale Schmelzsicherung im Startermotor dadurch realisieren, dass zumindest eine der Kohlebürsten eine als Schmelzsicherung ausgebildete Anschlusslitze aufweist. Dies ist durch Materialauswahl oder durch eine Verbindungstechnik mit z. B. niedrigerem Schmelzpunkt oder/und durch einen geringeren Querschnitt der Anschlusslitze realisierbar. Eine besonders kostengünstige Lösung ergibt sich dadurch, dass der Anschlusslitzen-Querschnitt der mindestens einen Kohlenbürste gegenüber dem Querschnitt der übrigen Bereiche des Hauptstromkreises so stark geschwächt ist, dass diese Anschlusslitze bei zu hoher Belastung des Startermotors durchschmilzt. Eine zuverlässig wirksame Schmelzsicherung läßt sich bereits dadurch erzielen, dass von den mindestens zwei im Hauptstromkreis über den Kommutatorläufer in Reihe geschalteten Kohlebürsten die Anschlusslitze der einen Kohlebürste gegenüber der anderen Kohlebürste einen um mehr als 10%, vorzugsweise um 25% schwächeren Querschnitt hat.Thus, a cost-neutral fuse in the starter motor can be realized without additional means in that at least one of the carbon brushes has a pigtail designed as a fuse. This is by material selection or by a connection technique with z. B. lower melting point and / or by a smaller cross section of the pigtail feasible. A particularly cost-effective solution results from the fact that the pigtail cross-section of at least one carbon brush compared to the cross section of the other areas of the main circuit is weakened so much that this pigtail melts at excessive load of the starter motor. A reliably effective fuse can be achieved already by the fact that of the at least two in the main circuit via the Kommutatorläufer in series carbon brushes, the pigtail of a carbon brush compared to the other carbon brush by more than 10%, preferably 25% weaker cross-section.

Da bei einem vier- oder mehrpoligen Startermotor vier oder mehr Kohlebürsten über den Umfang des Kommutators verteilt angeordnet sind, ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn dabei die eine Gruppe der dann jeweils parallel geschalteten Kohlebürsten gegenüber der anderen Gruppe Anschlusslitzen einen geschwächten Querschnitt hat. Um sicherzustellen, dass bei Überlastung möglichst nahe der spannungsführenden Zuleitung (Litze oder Stromschiene an Klemme 45) abgeschaltet wird, ist vorgesehen, dass die plusseitig im Hauptstromkreis liegenden Kohlebürsten Anschlusslitzen mit geschwächtem Querschnitt aufweisen.Since four or more carbon brushes are distributed over the circumference of the commutator in a four- or multi-pole starter motor, it is particularly advantageous if one group of carbon brushes then connected in parallel with respect to the other group of stranded wires has a weakened cross section. To ensure that when overloaded as close as possible to the live lead (wire or busbar to terminal 45) is turned off, it is provided that the positive side lying in the main circuit carbon brushes have pigtails of weakened cross-section.

Alternativ kann es jedoch in Sonderfällen auch zweckmäßig sein, wenn bei einem vierpoligen Startermotor mit vier über den Umfang des Kommutators verteilten Kohlebürsten die Anschlusslitzen zweier einander gegenüberliegender Kohlebürsten einen um mehr als 10% geschwächten Querschnitt haben als die der zwei anderen einander gegenüberliegenden Kohlebürsten. Anstelle einer Querschnittschwächung oder zusätzlich dazu können die Anschlusslitzen auch mit einer Isolation versehen werden, die eine rasche Wärmeableitung verhindert.Alternatively, however, it may also be appropriate in special cases, if in a four-pole starter motor with four distributed over the circumference of the commutator carbon brushes, the pigtails of two opposite carbon brushes weakened by more than 10% cross-section than that of the other two opposite carbon brushes. Instead of a cross-sectional weakening or in addition thereto, the connecting leads can also be provided with an insulation which prevents rapid heat dissipation.

Zeichnungdrawing

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in dem nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung näher erläutert.
Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 den Aufbau einer Startvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Startrelais und Startermotor und
  • Figur 2 eine Bürstenplatte des Startermotors mit Kohlebürsten-Anschlusslitzen als Überlastschutz.
Further details of the invention are explained in more detail in the embodiment described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Show it:
  • Figure 1 shows the structure of a starting device for internal combustion engines with starting relay and starter motor and
  • Figure 2 is a brush plate of the starter motor with carbon brushes pigtails as overload protection.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielesDescription of the embodiment

In Figur 1 ist in schematischer Darstellung der Aufbau einer Startvorrichtung 10 dargestellt, deren Startermotor 11 ein vierpoliger Gleichstrommotor mit Permanentmagnet-Erregung ist. Ein Kommutatorläufer 12 des Startermotors 11 ist mit seiner Abtriebswelle 13 mehrfach gelagert. Die Abtriebswelle 13 trägt ein Steilgewinde 14, welches mit einem nicht dargestellten Muttergewinde eines Mitnehmerschaftes 15 zusammenwirkt. Der Mitnehmerschaft 15 ist mit einem Außenring eines Freilaufs 16 fest verbunden, dessen Innenring vorn ein Starterritzel 17 trägt. Das Starterritzel 17 ist über das Steilgewinde 14 bis zu einem Anschlag 18 axial verschiebbar und spurt dabei in einen Zahnkranz 19 einer nicht dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine ein. Das Vor- und Einspuren des Starterritzels erfolgt durch ein Startrelais 20, welches über einen Umlenkhebel 21 und einer Einspurfeder 22 am Freilauf 16 angreift. Das Startrelais 20 liegt ferner mit einem Schaltkontakt im Hauptstromkreis 23 der Startvorrichtung. Dabei ist ein gestrichelt dargestellter Schaltkontakt 24 über eine Anschlussklemme 30 mit dem Plus-Pol einer Akkumulatorbatterie des Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden. An der zweiten Anschlussklemme 45 des Schaltkontaktes 24 ist ein zum Startermotor 11 führendes Anschlusskabel 25 befestigt. Das Anschlusskabel 25 ist mit seinem anderen Ende an eine Anschlussschiene 26 festgeschweißt, die in einer aus Isoliermaterial hergestellten Durchführung 27 im Gehäuse 28 des Startermotors 11 aufgenommen ist. Der Läufer 12 des Startermotors 11 trägt an seinem hinteren Ende einen Kommutator 29, auf dessen Umfang vier Kohlebürsten 31 verteilt angeordnet sind.In Figure 1, the structure of a starting device 10 is shown in a schematic representation, the starter motor 11 is a four-pole DC motor with permanent magnet excitation. A commutator 12 of the starter motor 11 is mounted multiple times with its output shaft 13. The output shaft 13 carries a coarse thread 14, which cooperates with a non-illustrated female thread of a Mitnehmerschaftes 15. The Mitnehmerschaft 15 is fixedly connected to an outer ring of a freewheel 16, the inner ring carries a starter gear 17 front. The starter pinion 17 is on the coarse thread 14 to a stop 18th axially displaceable and spurting it into a ring gear 19 of an internal combustion engine, not shown. The pre and tracing the starter pinion is done by a starter relay 20 which engages over a reversing lever 21 and a Einspurfeder 22 on the freewheel 16. The starting relay 20 is also connected to a switching contact in the main circuit 23 of the starting device. In this case, a dashed line switching contact 24 is connected via a terminal 30 to the positive pole of a rechargeable battery of the motor vehicle. At the second terminal 45 of the switching contact 24, a leading to the starter motor 11 connecting cable 25 is attached. The connecting cable 25 is welded at its other end to a connecting rail 26 which is received in a housing 27 made of insulating material 27 in the housing 28 of the starter motor 11. The rotor 12 of the starter motor 11 carries at its rear end a commutator 29, on the circumference four carbon brushes 31 are arranged distributed.

Aus Figur 2 ist erkennbar, dass die Kohlebürsten 31a bis 31d jeweils in einem Bürstenhalter 32 aus Kunststoff aufgenommen sind, der auf einer metallischen Bürstentragplatte 33 fest montiert ist. Die Tragplatte 33 ist mittels Schrauben an der hinteren Stirnplatte 34 des Startermotors 11 befestigt. Mittels im hinteren Teil der Bürstenhalter 32 angeordneter Federn 35 werden die Kohlebürsten 31 jeweils im montierten Zustand des Startermotors 11 gegen die Oberfläche des Kommutators 29 gedrückt. Die beiden oberen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31b sind mit ihren Anschlusslitzen 36a, 36b mit der Anschlussschiene 26 verschweißt und bilden somit die plusseitigen Kohlebürsten. Die zwei unteren Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d sind mit ihren Anschlusslitzen 36c, 36d an einen hochgebogenen Anschlusswinkel 37 der Bürstentragplatte 33 festgeschweißt. Da die Bürstentragplatte 33 über das Gehäuse 28 des Startermotors auf Masse liegt, bilden die beiden unteren Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d die masseseitigen Bürsten. Die Kohlebürsten 31a und 31b sind zu einer Gruppe zueinander parallel geschaltet; ebenso die unteren Kohlebürsten 31c und 31d. Der Hauptstromkreis 23 der Startvorrichtung 10 verläuft somit über den Schaltkontakt 24 des Startrelais 20, das Anschlusskabel 25, die Anschlussschiene 26 und von dort über die Anschlußlitzen 36a, 36b zu den Kohlebürsten 31a und 31b; sodann über den Kommutator 29 und den Läufer 12 zu den unteren Kohlebürsten 31c und 31d und dann über deren Anschlusslitzen 36c und 36d zu der auf Masse liegenden Bürstentragplatte 33.It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the carbon brushes 31a to 31d are each received in a brush holder 32 made of plastic, which is fixedly mounted on a metallic brush holder plate 33. The support plate 33 is fastened by means of screws to the rear end plate 34 of the starter motor 11. By means arranged in the rear part of the brush holder 32 springs 35, the carbon brushes 31 are pressed in the mounted state of the starter motor 11 against the surface of the commutator 29. The two upper carbon brushes 31a, 31b are welded with their connecting strands 36a, 36b to the connecting rail 26 and thus form the plus-side carbon brushes. The two lower carbon brushes 31c, 31d are welded with their connecting strands 36c, 36d to a bent connection angle 37 of the brush support plate 33. Since the brush support plate 33 via the housing 28 of the starter motor is grounded, form the two lower carbon brushes 31c, 31d, the ground side brushes. The carbon brushes 31a and 31b are connected in parallel with each other in a group; as well as the lower carbon brushes 31c and 31d. The main circuit 23 of the starting device 10 thus passes through the switching contact 24 of the starting relay 20, the connecting cable 25, the connecting rail 26 and from there via the connecting leads 36a, 36b to the carbon brushes 31a and 31b; then via the commutator 29 and the rotor 12 to the lower carbon brushes 31c and 31d and then via their connecting leads 36c and 36d to the brush-holder plate 33 lying on ground.

Um innerhalb des Startermotors 11 einen Überlastschutz in Form einer Schmelzsicherung zu erhalten, sind im Beispielsfall die Querschnitte der Anschlusslitzen 36a und 36b der plusseitigen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31b um 25% schwächer als die Querschnitte der Anschlusslitzen 36c und 36d der masseseitigen Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d ausgelegt. Im Beispielsfall eines 2,0 kW-Starters haben die Anschlusslitzen 36a, 36b der plusseitigen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31b einen Querschnitt von 3 mm2, wogegen die Anschlusslitzen 36c, 36d der masseseitigen Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d einen Querschnitt von 4 mm2 haben. Da alle übrigen Bereiche im Hauptstromkreis 23 der Startvorrichtung 10 eine wesentlich größere Dimensionierung der Querschnitte am Anschlusswinkel 37, an der Anschlussschiene 26 sowie am Anschlusskabel 25 mit beispielsweise 16 mm2 aufweisen, werden bei einer Überlastung der Startvorrichtung gezielt nur die beiden parallel geschalteten Anschlusslitzen 36a, 36b der plusseitigen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31d überhitzt, so dass sie als Schmelzsicherung, gleichzeitig oder kurz hintereinander abschmelzen, bevor beispielsweise durch eine Erhitzung des Anschlusskabels 25 oder des Batteriekabels benachbarte Fahrzeugteile gefährdet werden. Damit wird zwar der Startermotor beim Ansprechen des Überlastschutzes defekt, ein Folgeschaden wird jedoch zuverlässig vermieden.In order to obtain an overload protection in the form of a fuse inside the starter motor 11, the cross sections of the connection strands 36a and 36b of the plus side carbon brushes 31a, 31b are 25% weaker than the cross sections of the connection strands 36c and 36d of the low side carbon brushes 31c, 31d. In the example case of a 2.0 kW starter, the connecting strands 36a, 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31b have a cross-section of 3 mm 2 , whereas the connecting strands 36c, 36d of the ground-side carbon brushes 31c, 31d have a cross section of 4 mm 2 . Since all other areas in the main circuit 23 of the starter 10 have a much larger dimensioning of the cross sections at the connection bracket 37, on the connecting rail 26 and the connecting cable 25 with 16 mm 2 , for example, in case of overload of the starting device targeted only the two parallel connection wires 36a, 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31d overheat, so that they melt as a fuse, simultaneously or in quick succession before, for example, by heating the connecting cable 25 or the battery cable adjacent vehicle parts are at risk. This is indeed the Starter motor when responding to the overload protection defective, consequential damage is reliably avoided.

Bei wertvollen, größeren Startvorrichtungen können diese zusätzlich auch noch durch eine an sich bekannte elektronische Überlastabschaltung gesichert werden, so dass die Schmelzsicherung im Startermotor nur im Falle einer akuten Überhitzung am Starter anspricht.In valuable, larger starting devices, these can also be secured by a known electronic overload shutdown, so that the fuse in the starter motor responds only in case of acute overheating the starter.

Claims (7)

  1. Electrical starting device (10) for internal combustion engines, having a starter motor (11) in whose main circuit (23), which is supplied with power by a power source, the switching contacts (24) of a starter relay (20) are connected in series with a commutator rotor (12) of the starter motor by means of carbon brushes (31), with an overload protection means of the starting device possibly interrupting the main circuit as a function of the current intensity and duration in the event of an overload, characterized in that at least one section (36) of the main circuit (23), which section is situated within the starter motor (11), is in the form of a fuse link.
  2. Electrical starting device according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the carbon brushes (31) of the starter motor (10) has a pigtail lead (36a or 36b) which is in the form of a fuse link.
  3. Electrical starting device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the cross section of the pigtail lead of the at least one carbon brush (31) is weakened compared to and/or insulated from the cross section of the other regions of the main circuit (23) to such a great extent that this pigtail lead (36a or 36b) melts through when there is an excessively high load on the starter motor.
  4. Electrical starting device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the pigtail lead (36a) of one carbon brush (31a, 31b) of the at least two carbon brushes (31), which are connected in series in the main circuit (23) by means of the commutator rotor (12), has a cross section which is more than 10% weaker.
  5. Electrical starting device according to Claim 4, characterized in that, in the case of four-pole or multipole starter motors (11), one group of carbon brushes (31a, 31b), which are then each connected in parallel, have pigtail leads (36a, 36b) with a cross section which is weakened compared to the other group (31c, 31d).
  6. Electrical starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carbon brushes (31a, 31b) at the positive end of the main circuit (23) have pigtail leads (36a, 36b) with a weakened cross section.
  7. Electrical starting device according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, in the case of a four-pole starter motor (11) with four carbon brushes (31) which are distributed over the circumference of the commutator (29), the pigtail leads (36a, 36c) of two carbon brushes (31a and 31c) which are opposite one another have a cross section which is more than 10% weaker compared to the pigtail leads of the two other carbon brushes (31b and 31d) which are opposite one another.
EP01956286A 2000-08-25 2001-06-22 Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection Expired - Lifetime EP1313946B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10041822 2000-08-25
DE2000141822 DE10041822A1 (en) 2000-08-25 2000-08-25 Electrical starting device for internal combustion engines with overload protection
PCT/DE2001/002311 WO2002016763A1 (en) 2000-08-25 2001-06-22 Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1313946A1 EP1313946A1 (en) 2003-05-28
EP1313946B1 true EP1313946B1 (en) 2006-12-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01956286A Expired - Lifetime EP1313946B1 (en) 2000-08-25 2001-06-22 Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1313946B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2001278367A1 (en)
DE (3) DE10041822A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2278766T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2002016763A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

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DE102010039044A1 (en) 2010-08-09 2012-02-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and method for producing such a starter
DE102015226207A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric machine
DE102015225737A1 (en) 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric machine with a safety device and method for operating a safety device

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JP4093152B2 (en) 2003-09-09 2008-06-04 株式会社デンソー Starter
US7067934B2 (en) 2003-09-12 2006-06-27 Denso Corporation Starter with overheat protection device
DE102008042442A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starter for an internal combustion engine
DE102008044189A1 (en) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brush holder for electrical machine
DE102009002725A1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brush apparatus for an electric machine and electric machine
DE102009037755B4 (en) 2009-08-17 2016-12-08 Audi Ag Method for operating a starter for an internal combustion engine, electrical system and motor vehicle with a vehicle electrical system
DE102010038601A1 (en) * 2010-07-29 2012-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric machine, starting device and method for operating a starting device
DE102010063688A1 (en) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brush apparatus for an electric machine
DE102012215553A1 (en) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Commutation device for connecting armature of starter motor for starting internal combustion engine, has rotor collector whose front face is held in bearing segment of housing and covered by cap connected to housing in form-fit manner
DE102012218708A1 (en) 2012-10-15 2014-04-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Commutation device for power transmission in an electrical machine
DE102012222280A1 (en) 2012-12-05 2014-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Commutation device for transmitting current to armature of starter motor, has brush springs acted upon by force in collector direction such that two spring-brush units have brush and brush spring differing in their resonance frequency
DE102013222629A1 (en) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Commutation device in an electrical machine
CN105720744B (en) * 2014-12-05 2020-06-09 法雷奥电机设备公司 Motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system
DE102014225393A1 (en) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for producing an electrically conductive connection between a copper component and an aluminum component
DE102016226121A1 (en) 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Electric machine with a safety device
CN109209718B (en) * 2017-07-03 2024-02-06 北京佩特来电器有限公司 Starter and overload fusing protection device thereof
EP3817160A1 (en) 2019-11-04 2021-05-05 SEG Automotive Germany GmbH Brush assembly for an electric motor, electric motor and starter for a combustion engine

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DE3002232A1 (en) * 1980-01-23 1981-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart SWITCHING DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL TURNING DEVICES FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
US6028381A (en) * 1996-02-09 2000-02-22 Hitachi, Ltd. Starter equipped with current interruption mechanism
FR2785086A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-04-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CIRCUIT OF A STARTER MOTOR AND MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BREAKER, AND ASSOCIATED STARTER,

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010039044A1 (en) 2010-08-09 2012-02-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and method for producing such a starter
WO2012019866A1 (en) 2010-08-09 2012-02-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and method for manufacturing such a starter
DE102015225737A1 (en) 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric machine with a safety device and method for operating a safety device
DE102015226207A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002016763A1 (en) 2002-02-28
EP1313946A1 (en) 2003-05-28
DE50111651D1 (en) 2007-01-25
DE10041822A1 (en) 2002-03-07
AU2001278367A1 (en) 2002-03-04
ES2278766T3 (en) 2007-08-16
DE10193539D2 (en) 2003-08-07

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